Search

Abstract Background Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) is very resistant and highly contagious and infects domestic cats and other felids. FPV is particularly widespread among sheltered cats, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality, causing severe gastroenteritis characterized by anorexia, lethargy, fever, dehydration, hemorrhagic diarrhea, and vomiting. There is currently no data on the ultrasonographic features of cats affected with FPV. This case series describes abdominal ultrasonographic findings in shelter cats with naturally-occurring FPV, and assesses whether are associated with clinical and laboratory findings. Cats affected by FPV were enrolled in the study if an abdominal ultrasound was performed within 12 hours of diagnosis. Clinical, laboratory and survival data were collected from medical records. Ultrasonographic examinations were reviewed for gastrointestinal abnormalities and their associations with the above data were explored. Results Twenty-one cats were included. Nine cats (42.9%) died and 12 (57.1%) recovered. Based on ultrasonography, the duodenum and jejunum showed thinning of the mucosal layer in 70.6% and 66.6% of cats, thickening of the muscular layer in 52.9% and 57.1% of cats, and hyperechogenicity of the mucosa in 41.2% and 33.3%. Jejunal hyperechoic mucosal band paralleling the submucosa and irregular luminal surface were both observed in 33.3% of the cats. Survival was positively associated with increased jejunal mucosal echogenicity (P = 0.003) and hyperechoic mucosal band (P = 0.003). Peritoneal free fluid was positively associated with vomiting (P = 0.002). Conclusions This study provides ultrasonographic features of naturally-occurring FPV in cats, which, as expected, are compatible with gastroenteropathy. The most frequent findings were diffuse small intestine mucosal layer thinning, muscular layer thickening and mucosal hyperechogenicity, jejunal hyperechoic mucosal band and irregular luminal surface. Ultrasonographic features may be useful to complete the clinical picture and assess the severity of the gastroenteropathy in FPV cats. Prospective studies are needed to confirm ultrasonographic prognostic factors.

New detrital zircon U-Pb dates for seven late Visean to Bashkirian (Middle Mississippian to Lower Pennsylvanian) Mattson and Kindle formation sandstone samples from the Mattson delta complex in the Liard Basin of northeastern British Columbia, combined with two previously published detrital zircon samples from these units, indicate a dominant Greenland Caledonian clastic wedge and orogen source with a small contribution of Ellesmerian-aged material. This provenance remained consistent over time. The Labrador-Greenland high was the only paleogeographically viable source area during the time of deposition of the Mattson delta complex. Detritus deposited on the western margin of Laurentia in the Mattson delta complex was likely transported southwestward by a late Visean to Bashkirian pancontinental river system. This conclusion contrasts with previous interpretations which proposed that these sediments were recycled from the Ellesmerian clastic wedge. Tectonic uplift and denudation of eastern Greenland provided detritus from the Silurian to Devonian Caledonian clastic wedge and orogen to the western margin of Laurentia and detritus from the Caledonian orogentothe Serpukhovian tomiddle Bashkirian (Namurian) conglomeratic successionsof the Millstone Grits in England. Detrital zircon U-Pb dates for two samples from the unconformably overlying Cisuralian (lower Permian) Tika formation are similar to those of the Mattson delta complex samples, as are those from the Pennsylvanian Spray Lakes Group of the southern Prophet Trough, indicating they all probably shared the same dominant source areas. The Tika formation was mainly derived from recycling of the Mattson and other Caledonide-sourced sediments of northern Laurentia. Des nouveaux ages U-Pb sur zircons detritiquesde sept echantillonsde gres des Formations deMattsonet Kindle d'age viseen a bashkirien (Mississippien moyen a Pennsylvanien inferieur) du complexe deltaique de Mattson dans le bassin de Liard du nord-est de la Colombie-Britannique, combines a deux echantillons de zircons detritiques deja publies de ces unites, indiquent une source dominante dans le biseau clastique et l'orogene caledoniens du Groenland en plus d'un petit apport de materiaux d'age ellesmerien. Cette provenance est demeuree uniforme au fil du temps. Les hauteurs du Labrador et du Groenland constituaient la seule source envisageable du point de vue paleogeographique au moment du depôt du complexe deltaique de Mattson. Les detritus deposes sur la marge ouest de la Laurentie dans ce complexe etaient vraisemblablement transportes vers le sud-ouest par un reseau hydrographique pan-continental d'age viseen tardif a bashkirien. Cette conclusion differe d'interpretations passees qui proposaient que ces sediments ont ete recycles du biseau clastique ellesmerien. Le soulevement et la denudation tectoniques de l'est du Groenland ont fourni des detritus du biseau clastique et de l'orogene caledoniens d'age silurien a devonien a la marge ouest de la Laurentie et des detritus de l'orogene caledonienne aux sequences conglomeratiques d'age serpukhovien a bashkirien moyen (Namurien) des Millstone Grits d'Angleterre. Des ages U-Pb sur zircons detritiques pour deux echantillons de la Formation sus-jacente discordante cisuralienne (Permien inferieur) de Tika sont semblables a ceux obtenus des echantillons du complexe deltaique de Mattson, tout comme ceux du Groupe pennsylvanien de Spray Lakes dans le sud de la fosse de Prophet, ce qui indique qu'ils ont tous vraisemblablement en commun les memes principales regions sources. La Formation de Tika est principalement derivee du recyclage de sediments de Mattson et d'autres sediments du nord de la Laurentie de source caledonienne. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Detrital zircon U-Pb dates presented here provide new constraints on the source of quartz-rich sand that flooded into the western Laurentian margin in Canada starting in the late Visean [...]

Abstract: Detrital zircon U-Pb age probability distributions for the Cambrian Vizer formation (informal) and Mount Roosevelt Formation (middle member) of the northern Canadian Cordilleran passive margin indicate extensive recycling from [...]

Lower to Middle Jurassic clastic sequences are widespread within the interior of the Canadian Cordillera. These successions cap waning Jurassic volcanism in many Cordilleran arc terranes and are succeeded by clastic sequences of the Intermontane basins. Fine-grained, carbonaceous lithologies, which locally contain elevated levels of organic carbon, characterize these clastic successions. These include sections of the Spatsizi Formation (Abou Member) and Smithers Formation in northern and western Bowser basin, respectively, Ashcroft Formation and equivalent strata in central Quesnellia, and Last Creek Formation and Junction Creek rocks below the Tyaughton-Methow basin. These rocks locally contain metre-thick sections with total organic carbon (TOC) levels >5 wt.% and others have thicknesses approaching 100 m with TOC between 3 and 5 wt.%. Thermal maturation levels are high in many sections, suggesting original organic contents were greater and that these rocks may have been excellent source beds. Associated bitumen in these successions, together with Mesozoic oil in some overlying Intermontane clastic rocks, also suggests these sequences may have been effective oil source rocks. TOC levels, thermal maturity, and thickness of some sections are comparable with shale gas sequences being exploited elsewhere in North America. TOC concentrations within these rocks, together with other elemental abundances, indicate anoxic conditions during deposition. The age of these clastic rocks brackets the global Toarcian anoxic event and that of other organicrich sequences in North America. Elemental abundances suggest predominantly volcanic-arc complexes as source terranes, although continental signatures are suggested by rocks in western Quesnellia. Des sequences clastiques du Jurassique inferieur a moyen sont bien repandues a l'interieur de la Cordillere canadienne. Ces successions chapeautent le volcanisme du Jurassique en declin dans de nombreux terranes d'arc de la Cordillere et elles sont suivies de sequences clastiques de bassins intermontagneux. Des lithologies a grains fins, qui par endroits contiennent des niveaux eleves de carbone organique, caracterisent ces successions clastiques. Elles comprennent des sections de la Formation de Spatsizi (membre Abou) et de la Formation de Smithers, respectivement dans le nord et l'ouest du bassin Bowser, de la Formation d'Ashcroft et des strates equivalentes dans le centre de la Quesnellie, ainsi que de la Formation de Last Creek et des roches de Junction Creek sous le bassin de Tyaughton-Methow. Ces roches contiennent localement des sections d'epaisseur metrique dont les niveaux de carbone total sont superieurs a 5 % (poids) et d'autres ont des epaisseurs de pres de 100 m avec une teneur en carbone total entre 3 et 5 % (poids). Les niveaux de maturation thermique sont eleves dans bien des sections, suggerant que le contenu organique d'origine ait ete plus eleve et que ces roches pourraient avoir ete d'excellents lits sources. Le bitume associe a ces successions, avec le petrole mesozoique dans certaines roches clastiques intermontagneuses sus-jacentes, suggere aussi la possibilite de bonnes roches sources de petrole dans ces sequences. Les niveaux de carbone organique total, la maturite thermique et l'epaisseur de certaines sections sont comparables aux sequences de gaz de shale exploitees ailleurs en Amerique du Nord. Les concentrations de carbone organique total al'interieur de ces roches, avec d'autres elements en abondance, indiquent des conditions anoxiques durant la deposition. L'age de ces roches clastiques encadre l'evenement anoxique global au Toarcien et celui d'autres sequences riches en matieres organiques en Amerique du Nord. Les abondances d'elements suggerent que les complexes d'arcs a predominance volcanique aient ete les terranes sources, bien que les roches de la Quesnellie occidentale suggerent des signatures continentales. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Island-arc and peri-cratonic sequences within the Intermontane belt of the Canadian Cordillera are succeeded by a series of Mesozoic and Cenozoic clastic basins formed subsequent to their amalgamation along [...]

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Reddito is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pheochromocytoma is frequent in dogs and carries a guarded prognosis. Current histological criteria may not predict malignant behavior in dogs, similar to humans. In humans, characterization of tumors has been refined using the pheochromocytoma of the adrenal gland scaled score (PASS) and by immunohistochemistry. The study aim was to investigate PASS and immunohistochemical markers used in humans in 24 dogs with pheochromocytoma that underwent adrenalectomy. Dogs with pheochromocytomas were reviewed and tumors collected. Histological sections were evaluated to apply the PASS and were single-labeled for chromogranin A, Ki-67, COX-2, p53, BCL-2, c-erbB-2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and S100. Survival, age, and vascular and capsular invasion were compared for PASS and immunohistochemical markers; results of PASS were also compared for each marker. Associations between markers were tested. PASS and immunohistochemical markers did not differ for survival, age, and vascular and capsular invasion. Tumors showing BCL-2 expression in >50% cells had lower PASS than those with lower expression (PASS: 7 ± 2 vs 9 ± 2; P =.011). Tumors positive for S100 had higher PASS than those that were negative (PASS: 10 ± 2 vs 7 ± 2; P =.001). Results of the different markers were not associated. In conclusion, in the context of canine pheochromocytoma, PASS and the selected immunohistochemical markers are not associated with survival, age, or vascular or capsular invasion. The higher PASS in S100-positive tumors may indicate that pheochromocytomas developing morphologic changes acquire S100 expression. The significance of lower PASS in tumors with elevated BCL-2 expression is uncertain. Overall, the use of PASS and the present immunohistochemical markers may not be useful in dogs with pheochromocytoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractAA amyloidosis is a prototypic example of systemic amyloidosis: it results from the prolonged overproduction of SAA protein produced in response to chronic inflammation. AA amyloidosis primarily affects the kidneys, liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, leading to a variety of symptoms. First, this review examines AA amyloidosis in humans, focusing on pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and diagnosis and then in animals. In fact AA amyloidosis is the only systemic amyloidosis that has been largely documented in a remarkable number of vertebrate species: mammals, birds, and fishes, especially in individuals with comorbidities, chronic stress, or held in captivity. Secondly, here, we summarise independent sets of evidence obtained on different animal species, exploring the possible transmissibility of AA amyloidosis especially in crowded or confined populations. Finally, biochemical and structural data on native SAA and on AA amyloid fibrils from human, murine, and cat ex vivo samples are discussed. The available structural data depict a complex scenario, where SAA can misfold forming highly different amyloid assemblies. This review highlights the complexity of AA amyloidosis, emphasising the need for further research into its spread in the animal kingdom, its structural aspects, and pathogenetic mechanisms to evaluate its impact on human and animal health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A diabetic cat was referred because of poor metabolic control and difficulties the owner experienced injecting insulin. A pump, telemetrically controlled with a smartphone, was implanted subcutaneously to deliver insulin. Before implantation, the pump reservoir was filled with a rapid-acting human recombinant insulin. The insulin was administered through continuous infusion or periodic boluses over 2 weeks while the cat was hospitalized and over another 2 weeks after discharge from the hospital. Adjustments of insulin dosage were performed based on blood glucose concentrations measured with a continuous blood monitoring system (CGMS). The cat achieved diabetic remission that is still lasting after 1 year. The treatment protocol adopted in this cat contributed to achieving remission. The owner's unwillingness to inject insulin into an uncooperative cat was circumvented with the implantable pump. Key clinical message: The implantable subcutaneous pump, telemetrically controlled by a smartphone, easily allowed the clinician to modify the type of administration and the amount of insulin delivered; the concurrent use of a CGMS allowed detection of sudden changes in blood glucose while limiting stress to the cat., (Copyright and/or publishing rights held by the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association.)