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4. FOREST: An Interactive Multi-tree Synthesizer for Regular Expressions

Author

Ferreira, Margarida, Terra-Neves, Miguel, Ventura, Miguel, Lynce, Inês, and Martins, Ruben

Subjects
Computer Science - Formal Languages and Automata Theory, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Form validators based on regular expressions are often used on digital forms to prevent users from inserting data in the wrong format. However, writing these validators can pose a challenge to some users. We present FOREST, a regular expression synthesizer for digital form validations. FOREST produces a regular expression that matches the desired pattern for the input values and a set of conditions over capturing groups that ensure the validity of integer values in the input. Our synthesis procedure is based on enumerative search and uses a Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solver to explore and prune the search space. We propose a novel representation for regular expressions synthesis, multi-tree, which induces patterns in the examples and uses them to split the problem through a divide-and-conquer approach. We also present a new SMT encoding to synthesize capture conditions for a given regular expression. To increase confidence in the synthesized regular expression, we implement user interaction based on distinguishing inputs. We evaluated FOREST on real-world form-validation instances using regular expressions. Experimental results show that FOREST successfully returns the desired regular expression in 72% of the instances and outperforms REGEL, a state-of-the-art regular expression synthesizer.

Published
2020

11. FOREST: An Interactive Multi-tree Synthesizer for Regular Expressions

Author

Ferreira, Margarida, Terra-Neves, Miguel, Ventura, Miguel, Lynce, Inês, Martins, Ruben, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Groote, Jan Friso, editor, and Larsen, Kim Guldstrand, editor

Published
2021
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19. Optical Fiber Flowmeter Based on a Michelson Interferometer

Author

Monteiro Catarina S., Ferreira Margarida, Mendes João P., Coelho Luís C. C., Silva Susana, and Frazão Orlando

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

In this work, an optical fiber flowmeter based on a Michelson interferometer is presented. The Michelson interferometer uses a long period fiber grating (LPFG) to couple light to the cladding modes followed by a section of a GO-coated single mode fiber (SMF). By radiating the GO thin film, it will increase its temperature changing the effective refractive index of the optical cavity of the Michelson interferometer. By placing the sensor on a gas flow, its temperature surface will decrease in a proportional manner to the flow rate. The sensor was studied in both static and dynamic dry nitrogen flow, attaining an absolute sensitivity of 17.4 ± 0.8 pm/(L.min-1) and a maximum response time of 1.1 ± 0.4 s.

Published
2023
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21. Youth-caregiver relationship quality in residential youth care: Professionals' perceptions and experiences.

Author

Magalhães, Eunice, Ferreira, Margarida, Ornelas, Sandra, Silva, Carla Sofia, Camilo, Cláudia, and Calheiros, Maria Manuela

Subjects
*WORK, *MEDICAL quality control, *QUALITATIVE research, *RESEARCH funding, *INTERVIEWING, *CONTENT analysis, *SERVICES for caregivers, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *PATIENT-professional relations, *ATTITUDES of medical personnel, *RESEARCH methodology, *PSYCHOLOGY of caregivers, *COMPARATIVE studies, *DATA analysis software, *CAREGIVER attitudes, *EXPERIENTIAL learning, *RESIDENTIAL care, *ADOLESCENCE
Abstract

This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of professionals working in residential care (RC) settings (i.e., caregivers and directors) about youth-caregiver relationship quality (YCRQ). Method: A qualitative study was developed in Portugal including 15 caregivers (73.3% women, 23–50 years) and 15 directors (73.3% women, 34–45 years) working in 18 generalist RC units. Data were collected through six focus groups using a semi-structured interview script. Data were analyzed following a content analysis approach using NVIVO 12 software. Results: Our findings revealed that the concept of YCRQ in RC was mainly described in terms of good qualities, and the organizational determinants of YCRQ relationships were most mentioned both by caregivers and directors (i.e., organizational social context, intervention models and strategies). Individual characteristics of youth and staff were less described as determinants of YCRQ. These findings provide important insights for practice. Conclusions: efforts should be made to design interventions in RC that aim to improve its organizational social climate so as to provide caregivers with the necessary support and resources that enable them to enhance positive YCRQ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Tryptase in Acute Appendicitis: Unveiling Allergic Connections through Compelling Evidence.

Author

Carvalho, Nuno, Carolino, Elisabete, Ferreira, Margarida, Coelho, Hélder, Santos, Catarina Rolo, Barreira, Ana Lúcia, Henriques, Susana, Cardoso, Carlos, Moita, Luís, and Costa, Paulo Matos

Subjects
TRYPTASE, APPENDICITIS, INFLAMMATORY mediators, SURGICAL emergencies, SYMPTOMS, KOUNIS syndrome, ALLERGIES
Abstract

The aetiology of acute appendicitis (AA), the most frequent abdominal surgical emergency, is still unclarified. Recent epidemiologic, clinical and laboratorial data point to an allergic component in the pathophysiology of AA. Mastocytes participate in the Th2 immune response, releasing inflammatory mediators from their granules upon stimulation by IgE-specific antigens. Among the well-known mediators are histamine, serotonin and tryptase, which are responsible for the clinical manifestations of allergies. We conducted a prospective single-centre study to measure histamine and serotonin (commercial ELISA kit) and tryptase (ImmunoCAP System) concentrations in appendicular lavage fluid (ALF) and serum. Consecutive patients presenting to the emergency department with a clinical diagnosis of AA were enrolled: 22 patients with phlegmonous AA and 24 with gangrenous AA The control group was composed of 14 patients referred for colectomy for colon malignancy. Appendectomy was performed during colectomy. Tryptase levels were strikingly different between histological groups, both in ALF and serum (p < 0.001); ALF levels were higher than serum levels. Tryptase concentrations in ALF were 109 times higher in phlegmonous AA (APA) (796.8 (194.1–980.5) pg/mL) and 114 times higher in gangrenous AA (AGA) (837.4 (272.6–1075.1) pg/mL) than in the control group (7.3 (4.5–10.3) pg/mL. For the diagnosis of AA, the discriminative power of serum tryptase concentration was good (AUC = 0.825), but discriminative power was weak (AUC = 0.559) for the differential diagnosis between APA and AGA. Mastocytes are involved in AA during clinical presentations of both phlegmonous and gangrenous appendicitis, and no significant differences in concentration were found. No differences were found in serum and ALF concentrations of histamine and serotonin between histological groups. Due to their short half-lives, these might have elapsed by the time the samples were collected. In future research, these determinations should be made immediately after appendectomy. Our findings confirm the hypersensitivity type I reaction as an event occurring in the pathogenesis of AA: tryptase levels in ALF and serum were higher among patients with AA when compared to the control group, which is in line with a Th2 immune response and supports the concept of the presence of an allergic reaction in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis. Our results, if confirmed, may have clinical implications for the treatment of AA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Factores que influyen en la adherencia a las precauciones básicas de control de infecciones entre enfermeras: protocolo de scoping review

Author

Ferreira, Margarida, Silva, Mafalda, Teixeira, Joana, Lima, Andreia, and Moreira, Teresa

Subjects
conocimiento, control de infección, enfermería, knowledge, infection control, nursing, conhecimento, controle de infeções, enfermagem
Abstract

Introduction: Health care-associated infections have high costs and increased mortality rates, reducing people's quality of life. Objective: Mapping the factors that influence adherence to standard precautions among/by nurses. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology will be used. The research considered the criteria defined and adapted to the databases included in the identification of relevant studies. Databases consulted CINAHL® Plus with Full Text and Nursing & Allied Health Collection via EBSCO, MEDLINE® via PubMed. Articles will be analyzed by title and abstract, eliminating those that do not meet the defined criteria. Data will be extracted by two independent reviewers. The inclusion criteria will be studies written in Portuguese, English and Spanish published in the last five years and extracted to the Rayyan QCRIÒ platform. Two independent reviewers will proceed with the analysis of the relevance of the articles, extraction and synthesis of the data, with the elaboration of the respective flowchart. Results: The mapping of evidence will allow analyzing and knowing the factors that influence adherence to standard precautions among/by nurses. The results will be presented using an evidence table according to the objectives. Conclusion: It is expected that this review will constitute a starting point for the critical analysis of studies related to factors that influence knowledge in nurses' adherence to standard precautions, helping to optimize practice and promote research and dissemination of knowledge., Introducción: Las infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud tienen altos costos y mayores tasas de mortalidad, lo que reduce la calidad de vida de las personas. Objetivo: Mapeo de los factores que influyen en la adherencia a las precauciones estándar entre/por las enfermeras. Método: Se utilizará la metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs. La investigación consideró los criterios definidos y adaptados a las bases de datos incluidas en la identificación de estudios relevantes. Bases de datos consultadas CINAHL® Plus with Full Text y Nursing & Allied Health Collection via EBSCO, MEDLINE® via PubMed. Los artículos serán analizados por título y resumen, eliminando aquellos que no cumplan con los criterios definidos. Los datos serán extraídos por dos revisores independientes. Los criterios de inclusión serán estudios escritos en portugués, inglés y español publicados en los últimos cinco años y extraídos a la plataforma Rayyan QCRIÒ. Dos revisores independientes procederán al análisis de la relevancia de los artículos, extracción y síntesis de los datos, con la elaboración del respectivo diagrama de flujo. Resultados: El mapeo de evidencias permitirá analizar y conocer los factores que influyen en la adherencia a las precauciones estándar entre/por los enfermeros. Los resultados se presentarán mediante una tabla de evidencias de acuerdo con los objetivos. Conclusión: Se espera que esta revisión constituya un punto de partida para el análisis crítico de los estudios relacionados con los factores que influyen en el conocimiento en la adherencia de los enfermeros a las precauciones estándar, ayudando a optimizar la práctica y promover la investigación y la difusión del conocimiento., Introdução: As infecções associadas aos cuidados de saúde apresentam custos elevados e aumento da taxa de mortalidade, reduzindo a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Objetivo: Mapear os fatores que influenciam a adesão às precauções padrão entre/pelos enfermeiros. Métodos: Recorrer-se-á à metodologia de Joanna Briggs Institute. A pesquisa considerou os critérios definidos e adaptados às bases de dados incluídas na identificação de estudos relevantes. As bases de dados consultadas CINAHL® Plus with Full Text e Nursing & Allied Health Collection via EBSCO, MEDLINE® via PubMed. Proceder-se-á à análise dos artigos pelo título e resumo eliminando os que não cumpram os critérios definidos. Os dados serão extraídos por dois revisores independentes. Os critérios de inclusão serão os estudos redigidos em português, inglês e espanhol publicados nos últimos cinco anos e extraídos para a plataforma Rayyan QCRIÒ. Dois revisores independentes irão proceder à análise de relevância dos artigos, extração e síntese dos dados, com elaboração do respetivo fluxograma. Resultados: O mapeamento das evidências permitirá analisar e conhecer os fatores que influenciam a adesão às precauções padrão entre/pelos enfermeiros. Os resultados serão apresentados com recurso a uma tabela de evidências segundo os objetivos. Conclusão: Prevê-se que esta revisão constitua um ponto de partida para a análise crítica dos estudos relativos aos fatores que influenciam o conhecimento na adesão às precauções padrão dos enfermeiros, contribuindo para otimizar a prática e promover a investigação e disseminação do conhecimento.

Published
2023
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35. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced endocrinopathies: a possible indicator of improved survival

Author

Ornelas, Mariana, Borges-Canha, Marta, Gouveia, Pedro, Ferreira, Margarida, Resende, Eduarda, Sá, Maritza, and Abreu, Silvestre

Subjects
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, endocrine system diseases, drug-related side effects and adverse reactions, immunotherapy
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the association between the patients’ characteristics and the development of endocrine toxicity and to assess the association between endocrine-related adverse effects (ERAE) development and mortality. Subjects and methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in 98 patients submitted to immunotherapy in our centre since its introduction in 2015 until March 2021. We excluded patients for which data regarding the corticotroph axis evaluation was missing. We used linear and logistic regression models to address our aims. Results: We observed a significant negative association between ERAE development and death (OR 0.32; p = 0.028). We detected no associations between ERAE and the following characteristics: age at immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) initiation, sex, diabetes mellitus, medical history, immunotherapy duration and ICI type. Conclusion: The development of an ERAE may be associated with a better overall survival rate in advanced oncologic disease, supporting the role of an unleashed immune system response to malignant cells.

Published
2023

40. Fatores que influenciam a adesão às precauções básicas de controlo de infeção entre enfermeiros: protocolo scoping review

Author

Ferreira, Margarida, Silva, Mafalda, Teixeira, Joana, Lima, Andreia, and Moreira, Teresa

Abstract

Introdução: As infecções associadas aos cuidados de saúde apresentam custos elevados e aumento da taxa de mortalidade, reduzindo a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Objetivo: Mapear os fatores que influenciam a adesão às precauções padrão entre/pelos enfermeiros. Métodos: Recorrer-se-á à metodologia de Joanna Briggs Institute. A pesquisa considerou os critérios definidos e adaptados às bases de dados incluídas na identificação de estudos relevantes. As bases de dados consultadas CINAHL® Plus with Full Text e Nursing & Allied Health Collection via EBSCO, MEDLINE® via PubMed. Proceder-se-á à análise dos artigos pelo título e resumo eliminando os que não cumpram os critérios definidos. Os dados serão extraídos por dois revisores independentes. Os critérios de inclusão serão os estudos redigidos em português, inglês e espanhol publicados nos últimos cinco anos e extraídos para a plataforma Rayyan QCRIÒ. Dois revisores independentes irão proceder à análise de relevância dos artigos, extração e síntese dos dados, com elaboração do respetivo fluxograma. Resultados: O mapeamento das evidências permitirá analisar e conhecer os fatores que influenciam a adesão às precauções padrão entre/pelos enfermeiros. Os resultados serão apresentados com recurso a uma tabela de evidências segundo os objetivos. Conclusão: Prevê-se que esta revisão constitua um ponto de partida para a análise crítica dos estudos relativos aos fatores que influenciam o conhecimento na adesão às precauções padrão dos enfermeiros, contribuindo para otimizar a prática e promover a investigação e disseminação do conhecimento., Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health, Vol. 2 N.º 22 (2023): Nº22

Published
2023
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