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2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Author

Lipp, Markus, primary, Bessy, Catherine, additional, Cannavan, Andrew, additional, Dupouy, Eleonora, additional, Fattori, Vittorio, additional, Kopko, Christine, additional, Lejeune, Jeffrey, additional, Mukherjee, Keya, additional, Ferreira, Jorge Pinto, additional, Schulz, Dirk, additional, Vlachou, Angeliki, additional, and Zhou, Kang, additional

Published
2024
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5. Assessment of the Implementation of Pakistan's National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance in the Agriculture and Food Sectors.

Author

Qiu, Yu, Ferreira, Jorge Pinto, Ullah, Riasat Wasee, Flanagan, Peter, Zaheer, Muhammad Usman, Tahir, Muhammad Farooq, Alam, Javaria, Hoet, Armando E., Song, Junxia, and Akram, Muhammad

Subjects
DRUG resistance in microorganisms, FOOD industry, AGRICULTURE
Abstract

The agriculture and food (agrifood) sectors play key roles in the emergence, spread, and containment of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Pakistan's first National Action Plan (NAP) on AMR was developed to guide One Health interventions to combat AMR through 2017–2022. To improve subsequent iterations, we assessed the implementation of Pakistan's NAP in the agrifood sectors (NAPag) in October 2022, using the Progressive Management Pathway on AMR tool developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The assessment tool addressed four crucial focus areas of the NAPag: governance, awareness, evidence, and practices. Each focus area contains multiple topics, which involve four sequential stages of activities to progressively achieve systematic management of AMR risk in the agrifood sectors. High-level representatives of the NAPag stakeholders provided information for the assessment through pre-event documentary review and workshop discussions. The assessment results showed that Pakistan's NAPag had an overall moderate coverage (59%) of the anticipated activities. Gaps were particularly notable in strengthening governance, good practices, and interventions in non-livestock sectors. Furthermore, only 12% of the evaluated activities were fully executed and documented, consistently remaining at the planning and piloting stages in the livestock sector across all the examined topics. Insufficient attention to non-livestock sectors, inadequate regulation and enforcement capacity, and resource constraints have hindered scalable and sustainable interventions under the current plan. This assessment provides valuable insights to strengthen the inclusiveness and contribution of the agrifood sectors in the next NAP iteration. In the short-to-medium term, strategic prioritization is necessary to optimize the use of limited resources and target the most critical gaps, such as improving awareness among key stakeholders and fortifying regulations for prudent antimicrobial use. In the long term, integration of AMR into the country's broader health, development, and agricultural transformation agendas will be needed to generate sustainable benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Setting the standard: multidisciplinary hallmarks for structural, equitable and tracked antibiotic policy

Author

Kirchhelle, Claas, primary, Atkinson, Paul, additional, Broom, Alex, additional, Chuengsatiansup, Komatra, additional, Ferreira, Jorge Pinto, additional, Fortané, Nicolas, additional, Frost, Isabel, additional, Gradmann, Christoph, additional, Hinchliffe, Stephen, additional, Hoffman, Steven J, additional, Lezaun, Javier, additional, Nayiga, Susan, additional, Outterson, Kevin, additional, Podolsky, Scott H, additional, Raymond, Stephanie, additional, Roberts, Adam P, additional, Singer, Andrew C, additional, So, Anthony D, additional, Sringernyuang, Luechai, additional, Tayler, Elizabeth, additional, Rogers Van Katwyk, Susan, additional, and Chandler, Clare I R, additional

Published
2020
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10. Setting the standard: multidisciplinary hallmarks for structural, equitable and tracked antibiotic policy

Author

Kirchhelle, Claas, Atkinson, Paul, Broom, Alex, Chuengsatiansup, Komatra, Ferreira, Jorge Pinto, Fortané, Nicolas, Frost, Isabel, Gradmann, Christoph, Hinchliffe, Stephen, Hoffman, Steven J., Lezaun, Javier, Nayiga, Susan, Outterson, Kevin, Podolsky, Scott H., Raymond, Stephanie, Roberts, Adam P., Singer, Andrew C., So, Anthony D., Sringernyuang, Luechai, Tayler, Elizabeth, Rogers Van Katwyk, Susan, Chandler, Clare I.R., Kirchhelle, Claas, Atkinson, Paul, Broom, Alex, Chuengsatiansup, Komatra, Ferreira, Jorge Pinto, Fortané, Nicolas, Frost, Isabel, Gradmann, Christoph, Hinchliffe, Stephen, Hoffman, Steven J., Lezaun, Javier, Nayiga, Susan, Outterson, Kevin, Podolsky, Scott H., Raymond, Stephanie, Roberts, Adam P., Singer, Andrew C., So, Anthony D., Sringernyuang, Luechai, Tayler, Elizabeth, Rogers Van Katwyk, Susan, and Chandler, Clare I.R.

Abstract

There is increasing concern globally about the enormity of the threats posed by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to human, animal, plant and environmental health. A proliferation of international, national and institutional reports on the problems posed by AMR and the need for antibiotic stewardship have galvanised attention on the global stage. However, the AMR community increasingly laments a lack of action, often identified as an ‘implementation gap’. At a policy level, the design of internationally salient solutions that are able to address AMR’s interconnected biological and social (historical, political, economic and cultural) dimensions is not straightforward. This multidisciplinary paper responds by asking two basic questions: (A) Is a universal approach to AMR policy and antibiotic stewardship possible? (B) If yes, what hallmarks characterise ‘good’ antibiotic policy? Our multistage analysis revealed four central challenges facing current international antibiotic policy: metrics, prioritisation, implementation and inequality. In response to this diagnosis, we propose three hallmarks that can support robust international antibiotic policy. Emerging hallmarks for good antibiotic policies are: Structural, Equitable and Tracked. We describe these hallmarks and propose their consideration should aid the design and evaluation of international antibiotic policies with maximal benefit at both local and international scales

Published
2020

11. Quantitative Outcomes of a One Health approach to Study Global Health Challenges

Author

Falzon, Laura C., Lechner, Isabel, Chantziaras, Ilias, Collineau, Lucie, Courcoul, Aurelie, Filippitzi, Maria-Eleni, Laukkanen-Ninios, Riikka, Peroz, Carole, Ferreira, Jorge Pinto, Postma, Merel, Prestmo, Pia G., Phythian, Clare J., Sarno, Eleonora, Vanantwerpen, Gerty, Vergne, Timothee, Grindlay, Douglas J. C., Brennan, Marnie L., Maria Fredriksson-Ahomaa / Principal Investigator, Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Departments of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hannu Korkeala / Principal Investigator, and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

Subjects
Systematic evidence, Scoping review, CONTROL PROGRAMS, RABIES CONTROL, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE, One Medicine, POULTRY MEAT, MALARIA CONTROL, Endemic and emerging infectious diseases, Transdisciplinarity, COST-EFFECTIVENESS, Zoonoses, Non-communicable diseases, CONTROL CAMPYLOBACTER, CANINE RABIES, 412 Animal science, dairy science, SALMONELLA CONTROL
Abstract

Having gained momentum in the last decade, the One Health initiative promotes a holistic approach to address complex global health issues. Before recommending its adoption to stakeholders, however, it is paramount to first compile quantitative evidence of the benefit of such an approach. The aim of this scoping review was to identify and summarize primary research that describes monetary and non-monetary outcomes following adoption of a One Health approach. An extensive literature search yielded a total of 42,167 references, of which 85 were included in the final analysis. The top two biotic health issues addressed in these studies were rabies and malaria; the top abiotic health issue was air pollution. Most studies described collaborations between human and animal (n = 42), or human and environmental disciplines (n = 41); commonly reported interventions included vector control and animal vaccination. Monetary outcomes were commonly expressed as cost-benefit or cost-utility ratios; non-monetary outcomes were described using disease frequency or disease burden measurements. The majority of the studies reported positive or partially positive outcomes. This paper illustrates the variety of health challenges that can be addressed using a One Health approach, and provides tangible quantitative measures that can be used to evaluate future implementations of the One Health approach.

Published
2018

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