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1. Interferometer response characterization algorithm for multi-aperture Fabry-Perot imaging spectrometers

Author

Picone, Daniele, Gousset, Silvére, Dalla-Mura, Mauro, Ferrec, Yann, and le-Coarer, Etienne

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

In recent years, the demand for hyperspectral imaging devices has grown significantly, driven by their ability of capturing high-resolution spectral information. Among the several possible optical designs for acquiring hyperspectral images, there is a growing interest in interferometric spectral imaging systems based on division of aperture. These systems have the advantage of capturing snapshot acquisitions while maintaining a compact design. However, they require a careful calibration to operate properly. In this work, we present the interferometer response characterization algorithm (IRCA), a robust three-step procedure designed to characterize the transmittance response of multi-aperture imaging spectrometers based on the interferometry of Fabry-Perot. Additionally, we propose a formulation of the image formation model for such devices suitable to estimate the parameters of interest by considering the model under various regimes of finesse. The proposed algorithm processes the image output obtained from a set of monochromatic light sources and refines the results using nonlinear regression after an ad-hoc initialization. Through experimental analysis conducted on four different prototypes from the Image SPectrometer On Chip (ImSPOC) family, we validate the performance of our approach for characterization. The associated source code for this paper is available at https://github.com/danaroth83/irca., Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures

Published
2023
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2. NanoCarb part 2: Performance assessment for total column CO2 monitoring from a nano-satellite

Author

Gousset, Silvère, Croizé, Laurence, Coarer, Etienne Le, Ferrec, Yann, and Brooker, Laure

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

NanoCarb is an innovative Fourier Transform imaging spectrometer dedicated to the measurement of CO2 and CH4. Both its unusual optical principle and sampling strategy allows to reach a compact design, ideal for small satellite constellation as investigated by the European project SCARBO. The NanoCarb performance assessment as well as a proof of concept are required in this framework. A strategy of design is developed to optimize the performances and reach the sensitivity target of the space mission, demonstrating the potential of the concept without drastic complexity gain. A preliminary bias mitigation in the retrieval strategy is presented concerning water for CO2 measurement, illustrating the efficiency and the flexibility of the NanoCarb partial interferogram sampling technic. The presented design reaches a random error sub-ppm for CO2 and sub-10ppb for CH4, considering a 128 to 192 km swath, respectively, for 2 or 3 km of resolution at ground. A full mitigation of the water bias is performed on CO2 band thanks to partial interferograms.

Published
2019

5. Adaptive band selection snapshot multispectral imaging in the VIS/NIR domain

Author

Minet, Jean, Taboury, Jean, Péalat, Michel, Roux, Nicolas, Lonnoy, Jacques, and Ferrec, Yann

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

Hyperspectral imaging has proven its efficiency for target detection applications but the acquisition mode and the data rate are major issues when dealing with real-time detection applications. It can be useful to use snapshot spectral imagers able to acquire all the spectral channels simultaneously on a single image sensor. Such snapshot spectral imagers suffer from the lack of spectral resolution. It is then mandatory to carefully select the spectral content of the acquired image with respect to the proposed application. We present a novel approach of hyperspectral band selection for target detection which maximizes the contrast between the background and the target by proper optimization of positions and linewidths of a limited number of filters. Based on a set of tunable band-pass filters such as Fabry-Perot filters, the device should be able to adapt itself to the current scene and the target looked for. Simulations based on real hyperspectral images show that such snapshot imagers could compete well against hyperspectral imagers in terms of detection efficiency while allowing snapshot acquisition, and real-time detection.

Published
2010
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15. ImSPOC: A Novel Compact Hyperspectral Camera for the Monitoring of Atmospheric Gases

Author

Gousset, Silvère, Picone, Daniele, Le Coarer, Etienne, Rodrigo, Juana, Voisin, D., Croizé, Laurence, Ferrec, Yann, Dalla Mura, Mauro, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), and Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH)

Subjects
Accident prevention, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Hyperspectral imaging, Monitoring, SPECTROSCOPIE, Hyperspectral imaging sensor, Miniaturized sensor, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Gas detector, SURVEILLANCE, Fourier transform, Gas monitoring, IMAGERIE HYPERSPECTRALE, DETECTION GAZ, Spectroscopy, PREVENTION ACCIDENT
Abstract

International audience; There is an increasing industrial and scientific demand for large scale monitoring of gas concentration, e.g., to abide with constraints on pollutants for environmental safety. This paper aims to show the potential of the very recent ImSPOC technology for gas monitoring. We present the ImSPOC operating principle, some of the developed prototypes and two illustrative examples in the monitoring of methane and carbon dioxide in controlled environments.

Published
2022

18. Micro-interferomètres en silicium pour un spectro-imageur dédié à la surveillance des gaz à effet de serre

Author

Gerges, Nadine, Gousset, Silvère, Petit-Etienne, Camille, Panabière, Marie, Le Coarer, Etienne, Boussey, Jumana, Ferrec, Yann, Gourgon, Cécile, CRETIN, Dorine, DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique (LTM ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and 3AF

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], hyperspectral imaging, SILICIUM, INTERFEROMETRE, [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], interferometer, microelectronics, MICROTECHNOLOGIE, silicon, microtechnology, [PHYS] Physics [physics]
Abstract

NanoCarb is a miniature Fourier transform imaging spectrometer dedicated to the measurement of greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) from a constellation of small satellites. The key element of NanoCarb is an array of Fabry-Perot microinterferometers having a stepcase shape. Lateral dimensions and height of each step depend on the used material, the focusing lenses and the targetted optical path difference to be measured. In this paper, we describe a grayscale lithography process for a large surface patterning with high vertical resolution. This process is combined with plasma etching. Therefore, this two processes leads to a 20 nm step height resolution in resist and 50 nm in silicon. In addition to the manufacturing of this plate, we also investigated the deposit of a narrow-band filter on this plate used to select the spectral band of CO2 (1608 nm), with promising preliminary results., NanoCarb est un spectromètre de Fourier miniature et imageur, dédié à la mesure des gaz à effet de serre (CO2 et CH4) par une constellation de petits satellites. Au coeur de NanoCarb est une matrice d'interféromètres de Fabry-Perot. Les dimensions latérales et les épaisseurs des interféromètres dépendent du matériau utilisé, de l'optique d'imagerie et des différences de marche à mesurer. Dans cet article, nous décrivons un procédé de lithographie en niveaux de gris adapté à des grandes largeurs et à une très haute résolution verticale. Ce procédé est complété par une gravure par plasma. On obtient ainsi des marches de 20nm dans la résine, soit 50 nm dans le silicium après gravure. En complément à la fabrication de cette matrice d'interféromètres, nous avons aussi étudié le dépôt d'un filtre étroit multi-couches pour sélectionner la bande d'intérêt du CO2 autour de 1608nm. les résultats préliminaires sont prometteurs.

Published
2022

21. Supplementary material to "The Space CARBon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: Assessment of XCO<sub>2</sub> and XCH<sub>4</sub> retrieval performance"

Author

Dogniaux, Matthieu, primary, Crevoisier, Cyril, additional, Gousset, Silvère, additional, Le Coarer, Étienne, additional, Ferrec, Yann, additional, Croizé, Laurence, additional, Wu, Lianghai, additional, Hasekamp, Otto, additional, Sic, Bojan, additional, and Brooker, Laure, additional

Published
2021
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23. NanoCarb spaceborne miniaturized GHG sensor: first experimental results

Author

Gousset, Silvère, primary, Rodrigo, Juana M., additional, Le Coarer, Etienne, additional, Ehrhardt, Hélène, additional, Stadler, Eric, additional, Hubert, Zoltán, additional, Magnard, Yves, additional, Croizé, Laurence, additional, Ferrec, Yann, additional, de la Barrière, Florence, additional, Domel, Roland, additional, Coudrain, Christophe, additional, Gouyon, Remi, additional, Chambon, Mathieu, additional, Perrault, Philippe, additional, Boussey, Jumana, additional, Gourgon, Cécile, additional, Panabière, Marie, additional, and Gerges, Nadine, additional

Published
2021
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25. Recent Improvements on the Thermal Infrared Hyperspectral Images of the SIELETERS Airborne System

Author

Gazzano, Olivier, Ferrec, Yann, Coudrain, Christophe, Rousset-Rouvière, Laurent, DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), and André, Cécile

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Hyperspectral imaging, [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], SIELETERS, Thermal infrared, [PHYS] Physics [physics]
Abstract

International audience; SIELETERS is an airborne hyperspectral imaging system that covers the mid-and long-wavelength infrared bands. It is part of the SYSIPHE system that covers bands from 0.4 µm to 11.8 µm. The ground sampling distance of the SIELETERS instrument is 0.5 m (when 2000 m above the ground) with a spectral resolution between 11 cm −1 and 5 cm −1. In this document, we will introduce the SYSIPHE project, the SIELETERS system and show the latest results that we have obtained with the system. Our recent studies led to significant improvements on the quality of the hyperspectral images and of the spectra. The hyperspectral images from the previous airborne campaigns are now compatible with atmospheric compensations, data classifications and anomaly detection. The system is opened to external users.

Published
2019

29. The Space CARBon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: Assessment of XCO2 and XCH4 retrieval performance.

Author

Dogniaux, Matthieu, Crevoisier, Cyril, Gousset, Silvère, Le Coarer, Étienne, Ferrec, Yann, Croizé, Laurence, Lianghai Wu, Hasekamp, Otto, Sic, Bojan, and Brooker, Laure

Subjects
SPATIAL resolution, OBSERVATORIES, DEGREES of freedom, MICROSPACECRAFT, GREENHOUSE gases, SPACE-based radar
Abstract

Several single-platform satellite missions have been designed during the past decades in order to retrieve the atmospheric concentrations of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG), initiating worldwide efforts towards better monitoring of their sources and sinks. To set up a future operational system for anthropogenic GHG emission monitoring, both revisit frequency and spatial resolution need to be improved. The Space CARBon Observatory (SCARBO) project aims at significantly increasing the revisit frequency of spaceborne GHG measurements, while reaching state-of-the-art precision requirements, by implementing a concept of small satellite constellation. It would accommodate a miniaturized GHG sensor named NanoCarb coupled with an aerosol instrument, the multi-angle polarimeter SPEXone. More specifically, the NanoCarb sensor is a static Fabry-Perot imaging interferometer with a 2.3 x 2.3 km² spatial resolution and 200 km swath. It samples a truncated interferogram at optical path differences (OPDs) optimally sensitive to all the geophysical parameters necessary to retrieve column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4 (hereafter XCO2 and XCH4). In this work, we present the Level 2 performance assessment of the concept proposed in the SCARBO project. We perform inverse radiative transfer to retrieve XCO2 and XCH4 directly from synthetic NanoCarb truncated interferograms, and provide their systematic and random errors, column vertical sensitivities and degrees of freedom as a function of five scattering error-critical atmospheric and observational parameters. We show that NanoCarb XCO2 and XCH4 systematic retrieval errors can be greatly reduced with SPEXone posterior outputs used as improved prior aerosol constraints. For two thirds of the soundings, located at the centre of the 200 km NanoCarb swath, XCO2 and XCH4 random errors span 0.5 – 1 ppm and 4 – 6 ppb, respectively, compliant with their respective 1-ppm and 6-ppb precision objectives. Finally, these Level 2 performance results are parameterized as a function of the explored scattering error-critical atmospheric and observational parameters in order to time-efficiently compute extensive L2 error maps for future CO2 and CH4 flux estimation performance studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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30. NanoCarb partie 1 : interféomètre imageur compact pour la surveillance du CO2 depuis l'espace

Author

Ferrec, Yann, Bonnery, Guillaume, Brooker, Laure, Croizé, Laurence, Gousset, Silvère, Le Coarer, Etienne, DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION, MESURE POLLUTION DE L'AIR, TELEDETECTION PASSIVE, FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY, ANTHROPOGENIC GHG EMISSIONS, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, INSTRUMENTATION OPTIQUE, EMISSIONS ANTHROPOGENIQUES DE GAZ A EFFET DE SERRE, AIR POLLUTION MONITORING, PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING, FABRY-PEROT, SPECTROMETRIE PAR TRANSFORMATION DE FOURIER
Abstract

International audience; Nanocarb is a snapshot imaging interferometer concept dedicated to the measurement of CO2. Thanks to its very compact design, it is a good candidate for small satellites, which would pave the way to a constellation of satellites to monitor emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gases from space. Nanocarb is based on a multiaperture design, with a stepcase interferometric plate to measure partial interferograms. It is developed in the framework of the Scarbo project, an European project involving several partners, the aim of which being to design and analyse the performances of the Nanocarb concept, complemented by collocated compact aerosol sensor and CO2 reference instruments. The overall measurement concept will be experimentally validated through a dedicated airborne campaign featuring instrument prototypes.

Published
2018

35. Infrared Hyperspectral and Ultraviolet Remote Measurements of Volcanic Gas Plume at MT Etna during IMAGETNA Campaign

Author

Huret, Nathalie, primary, Segonne, Charlotte, additional, Payan, Sébastien, additional, Salerno, Giuseppe, additional, Catoire, Valéry, additional, Ferrec, Yann, additional, Roberts, Tjarda, additional, Pola Fossi, Armande, additional, Rodriguez, Delphy, additional, Croizé, Laurence, additional, Chevrier, Stéphane, additional, Langlois, Stéphane, additional, La Spina, Alessandro, additional, and Caltabiano, Tommaso, additional

Published
2019
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37. Correction par méthode variationnelle des non uniformités des détecteurs d'un interféromètre imageur

Author

Tan, Pauline, Ferrec, Yann, Rousset-Rouvière, Laurent, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), and Tan, Pauline

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], [INFO.INFO-TI] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], ACM: G.: Mathematics of Computing/G.1: NUMERICAL ANALYSIS/G.1.6: Optimization/G.1.6.3: Gradient methods, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], [MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], ACM: G.: Mathematics of Computing/G.1: NUMERICAL ANALYSIS/G.1.6: Optimization/G.1.6.2: Global optimization, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]
Abstract

This paper describes a variational method which aims at correcting the non-uniformity response of a hyperspectral imaging system for interferograms, while preserving the interference fringes. The degradation parameters and the fringes are jointly estimated, thanks to a biconvex optimization algorithm recently developed., Ce papier décrit une méthode variationnelle permettant de corriger les interférogrammes obtenus par un imageur hyperspectral infrarouge des non uniformités des détecteurs, tout en préservant les franges d'interférences présentes dans l'image. Les paramètres de la dégradation sont estimés conjointement aux franges d'interférences, à l'aide d'un algorithme d'optimisation biconvexe récemment développé.

Published
2017

38. SYSIPHE, an airborne hyperspectral imaging system from visible to thermal infrared. Results from the 2015 airborne campaign

Author

Rousset-Rouviere, Laurent, Coudrain, Christophe, Fabre, Sophie, Ferrec, Yann, Poutier, Laurent, Viallefont, Françoise, Rivière, Thomas, Ceamanos, Xavier, Loke, Trond, Fridman, Andrei, Baarstard, Ivar, Skauli, Torbjorn, Sisakoun, Isabelle, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Norsk Elektro Optikk AS (NEO), Norsk Elektro Optikk AS, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), Délégation générale de l'armement (DGA), and Ministère de la Défense

Subjects
SYSIPHE, HYPERSPECTRAL, INFRAROUGE, TRANSFORMEE FOURIER, ODIN, AEROPORTE, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, SIELETERS
Abstract

International audience; SYSIPHE is an airborne hyperspectral imaging system covering all atmospheric transmission bands from 0.4μm to 11.5μm. The ground sampling distance is 0.5m over a 500m swath, with higher resolution available in the visible and NIR. SYSIPHE is flown on a Do-228 aircraft operated by DLR. The system also comprises a real-time processing capability and a ground postprocessing chain. The main information products are georeferenced images of spectral radiance, spectral emissivity and reflectance as well as a surface temperature map. After a certification campaign in 2013, qualification airborne campaign for military applications was carried out during the summer of 2015, and this system is now available to external users, representing a significant enhancement of airborne sensing capabilities in Europe. After a brief description of the system and of the 2015 campaign, we present some experimental results from this airborne campaign.

Published
2017

39. Relief Computation from Images of a Fourier Transform Spectrometer for Interferogram Correction

Author

Barbanson, Clara, Almansa, Andrés, Ferrec, Yann, Monasse, Pascal, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Télécom ParisTech, and École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)

Subjects
STEREOSCOPY, FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, INVERSE PROBLEMS
Abstract

International audience; A method to extract digital elevation models of the ground from the images of an airborne Fourier transform spectrometer is presented. Such information allows to construct accurate interferograms in non-flat areas, where they are otherwise flawed.; On présente ici une méthode d'extraction de modèle numérique de surface(MNS) à partir d'images acquises par un spectromètre à transformée de Fourier aéroporté. Le MNS a ensuite pour intérêt de permettre une reconstruction correcte des interférogrammes de l'instrument sur des régions non- planes.

Published
2016

41. NanoCarb spaceborne miniaturized GHG sensor: first experimental results

Author

Cugny, Bruno, Sodnik, Zoran, Karafolas, Nikos, Gousset, Silvère, Rodrigo, Juana M., Le Coarer, Etienne, Ehrhardt, Hélène, Stadler, Eric, Hubert, Zoltán, Magnard, Yves, Croizé, Laurence, Ferrec, Yann, de la Barrière, Florence, Domel, Roland, Coudrain, Christophe, Gouyon, Remi, Chambon, Mathieu, Perrault, Philippe, Boussey, Jumana, Gourgon, Cécile, Panabière, Marie, and Gerges, Nadine

Published
2021
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42. NanoCarb hyperspectral sensor: on performance optimization and analysis for greenhouse gas monitoring from a constellation of small satellites.

Author

Gousset, Silvère, Croizé, Laurence, Le Coarer, Etienne, Ferrec, Yann, Rodrigo-Rodrigo, Juana, and Brooker, Laure

Abstract

NanoCarb is an innovative Fourier-transform imaging spectrometer dedicated to the measurement of CO2 and CH4. Both its unusual optical principle and sampling strategy allow to reach a compact design, ideal for small satellite constellation as investigated by the European project SCARBO. The NanoCarb performance assessment as well as a proof of concept is required in this framework. We have developed a design strategy to optimize the performances. We demonstrate the potential of the concept through an estimation of the sensitivity, compliant with the space mission target. We also present a preliminary mitigation of the bias induced by water on CO2 and CH4 retrieval, illustrating the efficiency and the flexibility of the NanoCarb partial interferogram sampling technique. The presented design reaches a sub-ppm random error for CO2 and sub-10 ppb random error for CH4, considering 128 km swath and 2 by 2 km2 ground resolution. Design optimization and more systematic performances are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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47. On the use of hyperpectral infrared imagers for studying volcano plumes: IMAGETNA campaign

Author

Payan, Sébastien, Huret, Nathalie, Catoire, Valery, Langlois, Stéphane, Salerno, Giuseppe, Roberts, Tjarda, Rodriguez, Delphy, Pola Fossi, Armande, La Spina, Alessandro, Caltabiano, Tomasso, Ferrec, Yann, Chevrier, Stépnane, Burton, Mike, TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Catania (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, and University of Manchester [Manchester]

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology
Abstract

International audience; Knowledge of the composition and the spatial evolution of volcanic plumes provides insights to processes occurring in the Earth's interior. On the other hand, quantification of gaseous emission fluxes is also a fundamental task in the framework of climate change in order to refine the contribution of natural emissions. UV cameras allow us to image volcanic plumes and evaluate SO2 fluxes, although can be subject to uncertainties in the retrieval. Another technique of imaging is now available in the infra-red. Such infrared hyperspectral imager (pixel-by-pixel spectra) might represent a major step forward in volcanology due to its potential to allow SO2 flux measurements during the night and gives access to additional relevant species but has to be tested and validated as a first step. In June 2015 a campaign of measurements - IMAGETNA - was performed at Mt Etna (Pizzi Deneri Volcano Observatory) with the intent to explore the application of these techniques for volcanic gas measurements all together. Over five days the volcanic plume was remotely observed simultaneously by employing three different hyperspectral imagers (commercial and under development), FTIR instrument, UV LWIR cameras, and radiometer. Results gathered from the different instruments will be compared and by performing sensitivity tests on the retrieval codes the reliability of applying these techniques to volcanic gas observations will be evaluated. The campaign, the characteristics of the different instruments involved as well as the instrumental deployment strategy will be presented. Direct comparisons of spectral radiance in the infrared obtained by the different infrared instruments will be shown for several selected fields of view. First results for SO2 from UV and in the infrared imagers will be shown, as well as first investigations on other species detected in the infrared.

Published
2016

48. Reconstruction du relief par images des plans épipolaires à partir d'acquisitions aériennes denses

Author

Barbanson, Clara, Almansa, Andrés, Ferrec, Yann, Monasse, Pascal, André, Cécile, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Télécom ParisTech, and École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)

Subjects
IMAGE AERIENNE, [SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, PHOTOGRAMMETRIE
Abstract

International audience; Dans le domaine des imageurs infrarouges hyperspectraux aéroportés, l'ONERA a développé Sieleters, un spectromètre imageur à transformée de Fourier basé sur un interféromètre statique. En raison du mode d’acquisition de ce type d’instrument, les variations d'élévation d'une scène, si elles ne sont pas connues, entraînent des difficultés de reconstruction des spectres. L'objectif du travail présenté ici est d'estimer le relief de la scène à partir des images acquises par Sieleters elles-mêmes. L'originalité de la méthode proposée vient de la nature des images, qui contiennent des franges d'interférences, ainsi que de leur nombre, puisque l'instrument acquiert des images à très fort recouvrement, décalées chacune d'un pixel, soit 50 cm.

Published
2016

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