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3. An Integrated Approach to Develop Innovative, Sustainable, and Effective Cosmetic Ingredients: The Case Report of Fatty-Acids-Enriched Wild Strawberry Waste Extract.

Author

Faggian, Marta, Lucchetti, Silvia, Ferrari, Sara, De Nadai, Gabriele, Francescato, Stefano, Baratto, Giovanni, De Zordi, Nicola, Stanic, Silvia-Maria, Peron, Gregorio, Sut, Stefania, Semenzato, Alessandra, and Dall'Acqua, Stefano

Subjects
SUPERCRITICAL carbon dioxide, LINOLENIC acids, PRODUCT life cycle assessment, BALDNESS, TOPICAL drug administration
Abstract

The sourcing of raw materials with low environmental impact, e.g., "upcycled" ingredients from short supply chains, has currently become necessary, and agri-food waste represents a very attractive hub to produce innovative cosmetic extracts. In this paper, an integrated approach considering all the different steps, starting from material selection, extraction, chemical characterization, biological activity evaluation, and environmental impact calculation, was adopted to obtain innovative, sustainable, and effective cosmetic raw materials from food waste. As case report, a supercritical CO2 extract obtained from wild-strawberry-processing waste after jam production (WSWSCO2 extract) was developed. The fatty acids profile of the waste material and WSWSCO2 extract was investigated via a GC–MS method, and mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as linoleic and linolenic acids were detected. Furthermore, the ability of the WSWSCO2 extract to inhibit 5α-reductase type 1 expression in skin fibroblasts was assessed, confirming significant efficacy at the dose of 5 mg/mL. Finally, in view of the eco-sustainability approach, the environmental impact related to WSWSCO2 extract was calculated using a life cycle assessment (LCA) analytical approach, considering different parameters and indicators (e.g., carbon footprint) and verifying the eco-friendly approach in extract development and production. Although further research is needed, for example, to check the full composition of the extract and its effect on skin cells, these results suggest that the WSWSCO2 extract may represent an innovative and sustainable ingredient for cosmetic applications especially in topical preparation for the treatment of some androgenic-related discomfort, such as acne and androgenic alopecia, reflecting the potentiality of the holistic and pioneering approach related to ingredient development presented in this study for the cosmetic sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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4. Analysis of the Beneficial Effects of Probiotics on the Gut–Prostate Axis Using Prostatic Co-Culture Model.

Author

Ferrari, Sara, Galla, Rebecca, Mulè, Simone, and Uberti, Francesca

Subjects
DIETARY supplements, GUT microbiome, BENIGN prostatic hyperplasia, BIFIDOBACTERIUM longum, PROSTATE diseases
Abstract

The link between the gut environment and the prostate has recently been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Therefore, this study examined the advantages of a novel oral probiotic supplement to improve intestinal health and treat BPH. A 3D intestinal barrier model that simulated oral intake was used to analyse the combined regulative abilities of Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium psychaerophilum. Then, a co-culture prostatic model was used to investigate the biological consequences of the combination under conditions mimicking BPH. The results show the connection between the gut microbiome and prostate disease since the probiotics successfully modulate the primary mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of BPH. Indeed, after the intestinal passage, the mediators released from B. longum and B. psychaerophilum induced a substantial decrease in reactive oxidative species of about 6 times and inflammation (about 5 times regarding interleukine-6 and 10) and a sharp increase in testosterone and serotonin levels (about 95%). Further, proliferation and BPH principal mediators (such as androgen and dihydrotestosterone) were highly affected and nearly restored to physiological levels. Thus, BPH can be directly affected by probiotic supplementation; specifically, B. longum and B. psychaerophilum, in combination, seem able to promote the mitigation of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Palmitoylethanolamide as a Supplement: The Importance of Dose-Dependent Effects for Improving Nervous Tissue Health in an In Vitro Model.

Author

Galla, Rebecca, Mulè, Simone, Ferrari, Sara, Grigolon, Chiara, Molinari, Claudio, and Uberti, Francesca

Subjects
PERIPHERAL nervous system, NERVE tissue, NERVOUS system injuries, NEUREGULINS, WELL-being
Abstract

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a highly lipophilic molecule with low solubility, making absorption difficult. Recent techniques like micronisation, ultra-micronisation and combining PEA with solvents have improved their bioavailability and stability. Our study analysed particle size differences and absorption kinetics using specific solvents (PEAΩ and PEA DynoΩ) over time (0.5 h–6 h) in a dose-dependent manner (200 mg–1800 mg). The results showed that PEAΩ and PEA DynoΩ achieved 82–63% absorption at 3 h, compared to 30–60% for micronised, ultra-micronised PEA and a commercial product, highlighting the optimal dose range of 300 mg–600 mg. In addition, a 3D model of the peripheral nerve was utilised to explain the efficacy after gut passage and support the most effective dose (300 mg or 600 mg) achieved at the gut level. PEAΩ and PEA DynoΩ, which are associated with better intestinal bioavailability compared to PEA-micronised, PEA ultra-micronised and a commercial product, have allowed not only a reduction in the inflammatory context but also an improvement of peripheral nerve well-being by increasing specific markers like MPZ (26–36% vs. 8–15%), p75 (25–32% vs. 13–16%) and NRG1 (22–29.5% vs. 11–14%). These results highlight the potential of advanced PEA formulations to overcome solubility challenges and maintain in vitro efficacy, modulating peripheral nerve well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. An Innovative Probiotic-Based Supplement to Mitigate Molecular Factors Connected to Depression and Anxiety: An In Vitro Study.

Author

Ferrari, Sara, Mulè, Simone, Rosso, Giorgia, Parini, Francesca, Galla, Rebecca, Molinari, Claudio, and Uberti, Francesca

Subjects
*PROBIOTICS, *ANXIETY, *SHORT-chain fatty acids, *PSILOCYBIN, *BIFIDOBACTERIUM bifidum, *GUT microbiome, *MENTAL depression
Abstract

The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional relationship between the microbiota and the brain; genes related to the brain and gut synaptic formation are similar. Research on the causal effects of gut microbiota on human behavior, brain development, and function, as well as the underlying molecular processes, has emerged in recent decades. Probiotics have been shown in several trials to help reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms. Because of this, probiotic combinations have been tested in in vitro models to see whether they might modulate the gut and alleviate depression and anxiety. Therefore, we sought to determine whether a novel formulation might affect the pathways controlling anxiety and depression states and alter gut barrier activities in a 3D model without having harmful side effects. Our findings indicate that B. bifidum novaBBF7 10 mg/mL, B. longum novaBLG2 5 mg/mL, and L. paracasei TJB8 10 mg/mL may influence the intestinal barrier and enhance the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, the probiotics studied did not cause neuronal damage and, in combination, exert a protective effect against the condition of anxiety and depression triggered by L-Glutamate. All these findings show that probiotics can affect gut function to alter the pathways underlying anxiety and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Design of Mixed Medicinal Plants, Rich in Polyphenols, Vitamins B, and Palmitoylethanolamide-Based Supplement to Help Reduce Nerve Pain: A Preclinical Study.

Author

Mulè, Simone, Rosso, Giorgia, Botta, Mattia, Brovero, Arianna, Ferrari, Sara, Galla, Rebecca, Molinari, Claudio, and Uberti, Francesca

Subjects
VITAMIN B complex, GINKGO, PERIPHERAL nervous system, MEDICINAL plants, NERVE tissue, INTESTINAL absorption, NEURAL stimulation
Abstract

Neuropathy affects 7–10% of the general population and is caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory system. The limitations of current therapies highlight the necessity of a new innovative approach to treating neuropathic pain (NP) based on the close correlation between oxidative stress, inflammatory process, and antioxidant action. The advantageous outcomes of a novel combination composed of Hop extract, Propolis, Ginkgo Biloba, Vitamin B, and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) used as a treatment was evaluated in this study. To assess the absorption and biodistribution of the combination, its bioavailability was first examined in a 3D intestinal barrier model that replicated intestinal absorption. Further, a 3D nerve tissue model was developed to study the biological impacts of the combination during the essential pathways involved in NP. Our findings show that the combination could cross the intestinal barrier and reach the peripheral nervous system, where it modulates the oxidative stress, inflammation levels, and myelination mechanism (increased NRG, MPZ, ERB, and p75 levels) under Schwann cells damaging. This study proves the effectiveness of Ginkgo Biloba, Propolis, Hop extract, Vitamin B, and PEA in avoiding nerve damage and suggests a potential alternative nutraceutical treatment for NP and neuropathies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Enhancing Vitamin D3 Efficacy: Insights from Complexation with Cyclodextrin Nanosponges and Its Impact on Gut–Brain Axes in Physiology and IBS Syndrome.

Author

Uberti, Francesca, Trotta, Francesco, Cavalli, Roberta, Galla, Rebecca, Caldera, Fabrizio, Ferrari, Sara, Mulè, Simone, Brovero, Arianna, Molinari, Claudio, Pagliaro, Pasquale, and Penna, Claudia

Subjects
CHOLECALCIFEROL, CYCLODEXTRINS, CELL physiology, PHYSIOLOGY, TIGHT junctions, OCCLUDINS, CLAUDINS
Abstract

Vitamin D3 (VitD3) plays a crucial role in various cellular functions through its receptor interaction. The biological activity of Vitamin D3 can vary based on its solubility and stability. Thus, the challenge lies in maximizing its biological effects through its complexation within cyclodextrin (βNS-CDI 1:4) nanosponges (NS) (defined as VitD3NS). Therefore, its activity has been evaluated on two different gut–brain axes (healthy gut/degenerative brain and inflammatory bowel syndrome gut/degenerative brain axis). At the gut level, VitD3-NS mitigated liposaccharide-induced damage (100 ng/mL; for 48 h), restoring viability, integrity, and activity of tight junctions and reducing ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and cytokines levels. Following intestinal transit, VitD3-NS improved the neurodegenerative condition in the healthy axis and the IBS model, suggesting the ability of VitD3-NS to preserve efficacy and beneficial effects even in IBS conditions. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the ability of this novel form of VitD3, named VitD3-NS, to act on the gut–brain axis in healthy and damaged conditions, emphasizing enhanced biological activity through VitD3 complexation, as such complexation increases the beneficial effect of vitamin D3 in both the gut and brain by about 50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. The Role of Bifidobacterium bifidum novaBBF7, Bifidobacterium longum novaBLG2 and Lactobacillus paracasei TJB8 to Improve Mechanisms Linked to Neuronal Cells Protection against Oxidative Condition in a Gut-Brain Axis Model

Author

Ferrari, Sara, primary, Galla, Rebecca, additional, Mulè, Simone, additional, Rosso, Giorgia, additional, Brovero, Arianna, additional, Macchi, Valentina, additional, Ruga, Sara, additional, and Uberti, Francesca, additional

Published
2023
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20. Knowledge Elicitation and Modeling for E-government : A Practical Approach

Author

Bresciani, Paolo, Donzelli, Paolo, Ferrari, Sara, Sannicolò, Fabrizio, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, and Wimmer, Maria A., editor

Published
2004
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27. Venous thromboembolism and COVID-19: a single center experience from an academic tertiary referral hospital of Northern Italy

Author

Melazzini, Federica, Colaneri, Marta, Fumoso, Federica, Freddi, Giulia, Lenti, Marco Vincenzo, Pieri, Teresa Chiara, Piloni, Davide, Noris, Patrizia, Pieresca, Carla, Preti, Paola Stefania, Russo, Mariaconcetta, Corsico, Angelo, Tavazzi, Guido, Baldanti, Fausto, Triarico, Antonio, Mojoli, Francesco, Bruno, Raffaele, Di Sabatino, Antonio, Aronico, Nicola, Bergamaschi, Gaetano, Bertolino, Giampiera, Codega, Silvia, Costanzo, Filippo, Cresci, Roberto, Delliponti, Angela, Derosa, Giuseppe, Di Stefano, Michele, Falaschi, Francesco, Iadarola, Carmine, Lovati, Elisabetta, Lucotti, Pietro Carlo, Martignoni, Alessandra, Mengoli, Caterina, Miceli, Emanuela, Mugellini, Amedeo, Muggia, Chiara, Pagani, Elisabetta, Palumbo, Ilaria, Pecci, Alessandro, Perrone, Tiziano, Sgarlata, Carmelo, Siciliani, Luisa, Staniscia, Andrea, Vjera, Francesca Torello, Achilli, Giovanna, Agostinelli, Andrea, Antoci, Valentina, Ballesio, Alessia, Banfi, Francesco, Barteselli, Chiara, Benedetti, Irene, de Andreis, Federica Borrelli, Brattoli, Michele, Calabretta, Francesca, Cambiè, Ginevra, Canta, Roberta, Conca, Federico, Coppola, Luigi, Cremonte, Elisa Maria, Croce, Gabriele, Del Rio, Virginia, Di Terlizzi, Francesco, Ferrari, Maria Giovanna, Ferrari, Sara, Fiengo, Anna, Forni, Tommaso, Frigerio, Chiara, Fusco, Alessandra, Gabba, Margherita, Garolfi, Matteo, Gentile, Antonella, Gori, Giulia, Grandi, Giacomo, Grimaldi, Paolo, Lampugnani, Alice, Lapia, Francesco, Lepore, Federica, Lettieri, Gianluca, Mambella, Jacopo, Mercanti, Chiara, Merli, Stefania, Mordà, Francesco, Nardone, Alba, Pace, Luca, Padovini, Lucia, Parodi, Alessandro, Pellegrino, Ivan, Pitotti, Lavinia, Reduzzi, Margherita, Rigano, Giovanni, Romito, Giovanni, Rotola, Giorgio, Sabatini, Umberto, Salvi, Lucia, Santacroce, Giovanni, Savioli, Jessica, Soriano, Simone, Spataro, Carmine, Stefani, Debora, Aliberti, Anna Rita, Amatu, Alessandro, Anfossi, Laura, Arisi, Eric, Baldi, Chiara, Belliato, Mirko, Bellini, Lorenzo, Benzi, Alberto, Bichisao, Germana, Bolongaro, Antonia, Bottazzi, Andrea, Broglia, Federica, Bruschi, Giacomo, Caneva, Luca, Capaccio, Emanuele, Carboni, Valeria, Cavalloro, Fabrizio, Ciceri, Maria, Civardi, Luca, Delmonte, Maria Paola, Domenegati, Elisa Lucia, Ferrari, Federica, Ferrari, Fiorenza, Ferrari, Marta, Fuardo, Marinella, Gerletti, Maddalena Margherita, Gualdana, Simonetta, Ilardi, Marcella, Lo Coco, Claudia, Maggio, Giuseppe, Mascia, Maria Benedetta, Mencherini, Simonetta, Merati, Paola Maria, Mongodi, Silvia, Mori, Anna Maria, Morgante, Federica, Niebel, Thekla Larissa, Noli, Silvano, Orlando, Anita, Pagani, Michele, Passador, Debora, Pellicori, Simona, Perotti, Luciano, Picchioni, Raffaella, Poma, Silvia, Pozzi, Marco, Preti, Emanuela, Puce, Roberta, Radolovich, Danila Katia, Ragni, Gianluca, Repossi, Filippo, Riccardi, Francesca, Rizzardi, Roberto, Rodi, Giuseppe, Roldi, Emanuela, Rossi, Cristina, Sala Gallini, Giuseppe, Sciutti, Fabio, Sportiello, Debora, Ticozzelli, Giulia, Visconti, Federico, Zizzi, Silvia, Bagliani, Alessandro, Belotti, Corrado, Bossi, Chiara, Colombo, Andrea, Colombo, Costanza Natalia Julia, Cremascoli, Luca, Dammassa, Valentino, Discepoli, Roberto, Garlando, Maria Adelaide, Grandini, Filippo, Pellegrini, Andrea, Quaranta, Cecilia, Stella, Andrea, Torresani, Francesco, Mondelli, Mario, Brunetti, Enrico, Di Matteo, Angela, Seminari, Elena, Maiocchi, Laura, Zuccaro, Valentina, Pagnucco, Layla, Mariani, Bianca, Ludovisi, Serena, Lissandrin, Raffaella, Parisi, Aldo, Sacchi, Paolo, Patruno, Savino F. A., Michelone, Giuseppe, Gulminetti, Roberto, Zanaboni, Domenico, Novati, Stefano, Maserati, Renato, Orsolini, Paolo, Vecchia, Marco, Asperges, Erika, Di Filippo, Alessandro, Sambo, Margherita, Biscarini, Simona, Lupi, Matteo, Roda, Silvia, Gallazzi, Ilaria, Sachs, Michele, Valsecchi, Pietro, Ferrari, Alessandra, Bosio, Matteo, Cascina, Alessandro, Conio, Valentina, Di Domenica, Rita, Donnetta, Anna, Fraolini, Elia, Gualtieri, Giuseppe, Mangiarotti, Patrizia, Mariani, Francesca, Meloni, Federica, Oggionni, Tiberio, Pasturenzi, Lidia, Ronzoni, Vanessa, Saracino, Laura, Stella, Giulia, Tomaselli, Stefano, Abbate, Tommaso, Accordino, Giulia, Bertuccio, Francesco, Burattini, Cecilia, Cacciatore, Elisa, Cattaneo, Elena, Chino, Vittorio, Coretti, Manuela, Della Zoppa, Matteo, Infusino, Cristina, Lettieri, Sara, Maccabruni, Valeria, Mancinelli, Silvia, Tirelli, Claudio, and Vertui, Valentina

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Single Center, Tertiary referral hospital, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, Medicine, cardiovascular diseases, Mean platelet volume, biology, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Pulmonary embolism, C-reactive protein, Anticoagulants, Thrombosis, equipment and supplies, medicine.disease, Im - Original, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Emergency Medicine, Observational study, business
Abstract

Preliminary evidence supports the notion that COVID-19 patients may have an increased susceptibility to develop venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the magnitude of this association still needs to be defined. Furthermore, clinical predictors of thrombogenesis, and the relationship with the inflammatory status are currently unknown. On this basis, we conducted a retrospective, observational study on 259 consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic tertiary referral hospital in Northern Italy between March 19th and April 6th, 2020. Records of COVID-19 patients with a definite VTE event were reviewed for demographic information, co-morbidities, risk factors for VTE, laboratory tests, and anticoagulation treatment. Twenty-five cases among 259 COVID-19 patients developed VTE (9.6%), all of them having a Padua score > 4, although being under standard anticoagulation prophylaxis since hospital admission. In the VTE subcohort, we found a significant positive correlation between platelet count (PLT) and either C reactive protein (CRP) (p p = 0.0013), while a significant inverse correlation was observed between PLT and mean platelet volume (p p p = 0.002 and p = 0.005, respectively). No significant difference was found in d-dimer levels between VTE and non VTE patients, while significantly higher levels of LDH (p = 0.04) and IL-6 (p = 0.04) were observed in VTE patients in comparison to non-VTE patients. In conclusion, our findings showed a quite high prevalence of VTE in COVID-19 patients. Raised inflammatory indexes and increased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines should raise the clinical suspicion of VTE.

Published
2020
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28. Anemia in patients with Covid-19: pathogenesis and clinical significance

Author

Bergamaschi, Gaetano, Borrelli de Andreis, Federica, Aronico, Nicola, Lenti, Marco Vincenzo, Barteselli, Chiara, Merli, Stefania, Pellegrino, Ivan, Coppola, Luigi, Cremonte, Elisa Maria, Croce, Gabriele, Mordà, Francesco, Lapia, Francesco, Ferrari, Sara, Ballesio, Alessia, Parodi, Alessandro, Calabretta, Francesca, Ferrari, Maria Giovanna, Fumoso, Federica, Gentile, Antonella, Melazzini, Federica, Di Sabatino, Antonio, Bertolino, Giampiera, Codega, Silvia, Costanzo, Filippo, Cresci, Roberto, Derosa, Giuseppe, Stefano, Michele Di, Falaschi, Francesco, Iadarola, Carmine, Lovati, Elisabetta, Lucotti, Pietro Carlo, Martignoni, Alessandra, Mengoli, Caterina, Miceli, Emanuela, Mugellini, Amedeo, Muggia, Chiara, Noris, Patrizia, Pagani, Elisabetta, Palumbo, Ilaria, Pecci, Alessandro, Perrone, Tiziano, Pieresca, Carla, Preti, Paola Stefania, Russo, Maria Concetta, Sgarlata, Carmelo, Siciliani, Luisa, Staniscia, Andrea, Vjera, Francesca Torello, Achilli, Giovanna, Agostinelli, Andrea, Antoci, Valentina, Banfi, Francesco, Benedetti, Irene, Brattoli, Michele, Cambiè, Ginevra, Canta, Roberta, Cococcia, Sara, Conca, Federico, Delliponti, Mariangela, Rio, Virginia Del, Terlizzi, Francesco Di, Fiengo, Anna, Forni, Tommaso, Freddi, Giulia, Frigerio, Chiara, Fusco, Alessandra, Gabba, Margherita, Garolfi, Matteo, Gori, Giulia, Grandi, Giacomo, Grimaldi, Paolo, Lampugnani, Alice, Lepore, Federica, Lettieri, Gianluca, Mambella, Jacopo, Mercanti, Chiara, Nardone, Alba, Pace, Luca, Padovini, Lucia, Pitotti, Lavinia, Reduzzi, Margherita, Rigano, Giovanni, Rotola, Giorgio, Sabatini, Umberto, Salvi, Lucia, Santacroce, Giovanni, Savioli, Jessica, Soriano, Simone, Spataro, Carmine, and Stefani, Debora

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Comorbidity, Gastroenterology, Hemoglobins, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Cholinesterases, Hematology, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency, Oxygen partial pressure/oxygen concentration, Anemia, General Medicine, Middle Aged, C-Reactive Protein, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Original Article, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Blood Sedimentation, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Red blood cell distribution width, Internal medicine, Humans, Clinical significance, Aged, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, C-reactive protein, COVID-19, Correction, medicine.disease, Ferritin, Oxygen, 030104 developmental biology, Ferritins, biology.protein, Erythrocyte Count, Hemoglobin, business, Anemia of inflammation, Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous
Abstract

COVID-19 patients typically present with lower airway disease, although involvement of other organ systems is usually the rule. Hematological manifestations such as thrombocytopenia and reduced lymphocyte and eosinophil numbers are highly prevalent in COVID-19 and have prognostic significance. Few data, however, are available about the prevalence and significance of anemia in COVID-19. In an observational study, we investigated the prevalence, pathogenesis and clinical significance of anemia among 206 patients with COVID-19 at the time of their hospitalization in an Internal Medicine unit. The prevalence of anemia was 61% in COVID-19, compared with 45% in a control group of 71 patients with clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of COVID-19, but nasopharyngeal swab tests negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA (p = 0.022). Mortality was higher in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. In COVID-19, females had lower hemoglobin concentration than males and a higher prevalence of moderate/severe anemia (25% versus 13%, p = 0.032). In most cases, anemia was mild and due to inflammation, sometimes associated with iron and/or vitamin deficiencies. Determinants of hemoglobin concentration included: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum cholinesterase, ferritin and protein concentrations and number of chronic diseases affecting each patient. Hemoglobin concentration was not related to overall survival that was, on the contrary, influenced by red blood cell distribution width, age, lactate dehydrogenase and the ratio of arterial partial oxygen pressure to inspired oxygen fraction. In conclusion, our results highlight anemia as a common manifestation in COVID-19. Although anemia does not directly influence mortality, it usually affects elderly, frail patients and can negatively influence their quality of life.

Published
2020

29. Impact of COVID-19 on liver function: results from an internal medicine unit in Northern Italy

Author

Lenti, Marco Vincenzo, Borrelli de Andreis, Federica, Pellegrino, Ivan, Klersy, Catherine, Merli, Stefania, Miceli, Emanuela, Aronico, Nicola, Mengoli, Caterina, Di Stefano, Michele, Cococcia, Sara, Santacroce, Giovanni, Soriano, Simone, Melazzini, Federica, Delliponti, Mariangela, Baldanti, Fausto, Triarico, Antonio, Corazza, Gino Roberto, Pinzani, Massimo, Di Sabatino, Antonio, Bergamaschi, Gaetano, Bertolino, Giampiera, Codega, Silvia, Costanzo, Filippo, Cresci, Roberto, Derosa, Giuseppe, Falaschi, Francesco, Iadarola, Carmine, Lovati, Elisabetta, Lucotti, Pietro Carlo, Martignoni, Alessandra, Mugellini, Amedeo, Muggia, Chiara, Noris, Patrizia, Pagani, Elisabetta, Palumbo, Ilaria, Pecci, Alessandro, Perrone, Tiziano, Pieresca, Carla, Preti, Paola Stefania, Russo, Mariaconcetta, Sgarlata, Carmelo, Siciliani, Luisa, Staniscia, Andrea, Torello Vjera, Francesca, Achilli, Giovanna, Agostinelli, Andrea, Antoci, Valentina, Ballesio, Alessia, Banfi, Francesco, Barteselli, Chiara, Benedetti, Irene, Brattoli, Michele, Calabretta, Francesca, Cambiè, Ginevra, Canta, Roberta, Conca, Federico, Coppola, Luigi, Cremonte, Elisa Maria, Croce, Gabriele, Del Rio, Virginia, Di Terlizzi, Francesco, Ferrari, Maria Giovanna, Ferrari, Sara, Fiengo, Anna, Forni, Tommaso, Freddi, Giulia, Frigerio, Chiara, Fumoso, Federica, Fusco, Alessandra, Gabba, Margherita, Garolfi, Matteo, Gentile, Antonella, Gori, Giulia, Grandi, Giacomo, Grimaldi, Paolo, Lampugnani, Alice, Lapia, Francesco, Lepore, Federica, Lettieri, Gianluca, Mambella, Jacopo, Mercanti, Chiara, Mordà, Francesco, Nardone, Alba, Pace, Luca, Padovini, Lucia, Parodi, Alessandro, Pitotti, Lavinia, Reduzzi, Margherita, Rigano, Giovanni, Rotola, Giorgio, Sabatini, Umberto, Salvi, Lucia, Savioli, Jessica, Spataro, Carmine, and Stefani, Debora

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Pneumonia, Viral, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Acute respiratory failure, Chronic liver disease, Hepatitis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intensive care, Internal medicine, Patients' Rooms, medicine, Internal Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pandemics, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Liver injury, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, COVID-19, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Im - Original, Coronavirus, Hospitalization, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Italy, Liver, Emergency Medicine, Female, Liver function, Coronavirus Infections, business, Liver function tests, Liver Failure
Abstract

Little is known regarding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical spectrum in non-Asian populations. We herein describe the impact of COVID-19 on liver function in 100 COVID-19 consecutive patients (median age 70 years, range 25–97; 79 males) who were admitted to our internal medicine unit in March 2020. We retrospectively assessed liver function tests, taking into account demographic characteristics and clinical outcome. A patient was considered as having liver injury when alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was > 50 mU/ml, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) > 50 mU/ml, or total bilirubin > 1.1 mg/dl. Spearman correlation coefficient for laboratory data and bivariable analysis for mortality and/or need for intensive care were assessed. A minority of patients (18.6%) were obese, and most patients were non- or moderate-drinkers (88.5%). Liver function tests were altered in 62.4% of patients, and improved during follow-up. None of the seven patients with known chronic liver disease had liver decompensation. Only one patient developed acute liver failure. In patients with altered liver function tests, PaO2/FiO2

Published
2020
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33. Advances in 3D Sensor Technology by Using Stepper Lithography

Author

Boscardin, Maurizio, primary, Ferrari, Sara, additional, Ficorella, Francesco, additional, Lai, Adriano, additional, Mendicino, Roberto, additional, Meschini, Marco, additional, Ronchin, Sabina, additional, Samy, Md. Arif Abdulla, additional, and Dalla Betta, Gian-Franco, additional

Published
2021
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36. Introduzione

Author

Ferrari, Sara

Abstract

Consonanze, «Sogno e surreale nella letteratura e nelle arti ebraiche» a c. di Erica Baricci (Consonanze, 5)

Published
2019
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38. Correction to: Venous thromboembolism and COVID-19: a single center experience from an academic tertiary referral hospital of Northern Italy

Author

Melazzini, Federica, Colaneri, Marta, Fumoso, Federica, Freddi, Giulia, Lenti, Marco Vincenzo, Pieri, Teresa Chiara, Piloni, Davide, Noris, Patrizia, Pieresca, Carla, Preti, Paola Stefania, Russo, Mariaconcetta, Corsico, Angelo, Tavazzi, Guido, Baldanti, Fausto, Triarico, Antonio, Mojoli, Francesco, Bruno, Raffaele, Di Sabatino, Antonio, Aronico, Nicola, Bergamaschi, Gaetano, Bertolino, Giampiera, Codega, Silvia, Costanzo, Filippo, Cresci, Roberto, Delliponti, Angela, Derosa, Giuseppe, Di Stefano, Michele, Falaschi, Francesco, Iadarola, Carmine, Lovati, Elisabetta, Lucotti, Pietro Carlo, Martignoni, Alessandra, Mengoli, Caterina, Miceli, Emanuela, Mugellini, Amedeo, Muggia, Chiara, Pagani, Elisabetta, Palumbo, Ilaria, Pecci, Alessandro, Perrone, Tiziano, Sgarlata, Carmelo, Siciliani, Luisa, Staniscia, Andrea, Vjera, Francesca Torello, Achilli, Giovanna, Agostinelli, Andrea, Antoci, Valentina, Ballesio, Alessia, Banfi, Francesco, Barteselli, Chiara, Benedetti, Irene, Borrelli de Andreis, Federica, Brattoli, Michele, Calabretta, Francesca, Cambiè, Ginevra, Canta, Roberta, Conca, Federico, Coppola, Luigi, Cremonte, Elisa Maria, Croce, Gabriele, Del Rio, Virginia, Di Terlizzi, Francesco, Ferrari, Maria Giovanna, Ferrari, Sara, Fiengo, Anna, Forni, Tommaso, Frigerio, Chiara, Fusco, Alessandra, Gabba, Margherita, Garolfi, Matteo, Gentile, Antonella, Gori, Giulia, Grandi, Giacomo, Grimaldi, Paolo, Lampugnani, Alice, Lapia, Francesco, Lepore, Federica, Lettieri, Gianluca, Mambella, Jacopo, Mercanti, Chiara, Merli, Stefania, Mordà, Francesco, Nardone, Alba, Pace, Luca, Padovini, Lucia, Parodi, Alessandro, Pellegrino, Ivan, Pitotti, Lavinia, Reduzzi, Margherita, Rigano, Giovanni, Romito, Giovanni, Rotola, Giorgio, Sabatini, Umberto, Salvi, Lucia, Santacroce, Giovanni, Savioli, Jessica, Soriano, Simone, Spataro, Carmine, Stefani, Debora, Aliberti, Anna Rita, Amatu, Alessandro, Anfossi, Laura, Arisi, Eric, Baldi, Chiara, Belliato, Mirko, Bellini, Lorenzo, Benzi, Alberto, Bichisao, Germana, Bolongaro, Antonia, Bottazzi, Andrea, Broglia, Federica, Bruschi, Giacomo, Caneva, Luca, Capaccio, Emanuele, Carboni, Valeria, Cavalloro, Fabrizio, Ciceri, Maria, Civardi, Luca, Delmonte, Maria Paola, Domenegati, Elisa Lucia, Ferrari, Federica, Ferrari, Fiorenza, Ferrari, Marta, Fuardo, Marinella, Gerletti, Maddalena Margherita, Gualdana, Simonetta, Ilardi, Marcella, Lo Coco, Claudia, Maggio, Giuseppe, Mascia, Maria Benedetta, Mencherini, Simonetta, Merati, Paola Maria, Mongodi, Silvia, Mori, Anna Maria, Morgante, Federica, Niebel, Thekla Larissa, Noli, Silvano, Orlando, Anita, Pagani, Michele, Passador, Debora, Pellicori, Simona, Perotti, Luciano, Picchioni, Raffaella, Poma, Silvia, Pozzi, Marco, Preti, Emanuela, Puce, Roberta, Radolovich, Danila Katia, Ragni, Gianluca, Repossi, Filippo, Riccardi, Francesca, Rizzardi, Roberto, Rodi, Giuseppe, Roldi, Emanuela, Rossi, Cristina, Sala Gallini, Giuseppe, Sciutti, Fabio, Sportiello, Debora, Ticozzelli, Giulia, Visconti, Federico, Zizzi, Silvia, Bagliani, Alessandro, Belotti, Corrado, Bossi, Chiara, Colombo, Andrea, Colombo, Costanza Natalia Julia, Cremascoli, Luca, Dammassa, Valentino, Discepoli, Roberto, Garlando, Maria Adelaide, Grandini, Filippo, Pellegrini, Andrea, Quaranta, Cecilia, Stella, Andrea, Torresani, Francesco, Mondelli, Mario, Brunetti, Enrico, Di Matteo, Angela, Seminari, Elena, Maiocchi, Laura, Zuccaro, Valentina, Pagnucco, Layla, Mariani, Bianca, Ludovisi, Serena, Lissandrin, Raffaella, Parisi, Aldo, Sacchi, Paolo, Patruno, Savino F. A., Michelone, Giuseppe, Gulminetti, Roberto, Zanaboni, Domenico, Novati, Stefano, Maserati, Renato, Orsolini, Paolo, Vecchia, Marco, Asperges, Erika, Di Filippo, Alessandro, Sambo, Margherita, Biscarini, Simona, Lupi, Matteo, Roda, Silvia, Gallazzi, Ilaria, Sachs, Michele, Valsecchi, Pietro, Ferrari, Alessandra, Bosio, Matteo, Cascina, Alessandro, Conio, Valentina, Di Domenica, Rita, Donnetta, Anna, Fraolini, Elia, Gualtieri, Giuseppe, Mangiarotti, Patrizia, Mariani, Francesca, Meloni, Federica, Oggionni, Tiberio, Pasturenzi, Lidia, Ronzoni, Vanessa, Saracino, Laura, Stella, Giulia, Tomaselli, Stefano, Abbate, Tommaso, Accordino, Giulia, Bertuccio, Francesco, Burattini, Cecilia, Cacciatore, Elisa, Cattaneo, Elena, Chino, Vittorio, Coretti, Manuela, Della Zoppa, Matteo, Infusino, Cristina, Lettieri, Sara, Maccabruni, Valeria, Mancinelli, Silvia, Tirelli, Claudio, and Vertui, Valentina

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), MEDLINE, Tertiary referral hospital, Single Center, Statistics, Nonparametric, Tertiary Care Centers, Prevalence, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Academic Medical Centers, Task force, business.industry, Correction, COVID-19, Venous Thromboembolism, Middle Aged, Northern italy, Italy, Emergency medicine, Emergency Medicine, Female, business, Venous thromboembolism
Abstract

Preliminary evidence supports the notion that COVID-19 patients may have an increased susceptibility to develop venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the magnitude of this association still needs to be defined. Furthermore, clinical predictors of thrombogenesis, and the relationship with the inflammatory status are currently unknown. On this basis, we conducted a retrospective, observational study on 259 consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic tertiary referral hospital in Northern Italy between March 19th and April 6th, 2020. Records of COVID-19 patients with a definite VTE event were reviewed for demographic information, co-morbidities, risk factors for VTE, laboratory tests, and anticoagulation treatment. Twenty-five cases among 259 COVID-19 patients developed VTE (9.6%), all of them having a Padua score 4, although being under standard anticoagulation prophylaxis since hospital admission. In the VTE subcohort, we found a significant positive correlation between platelet count (PLT) and either C reactive protein (CRP) (p 0.0001) or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p = 0.0013), while a significant inverse correlation was observed between PLT and mean platelet volume (p 0.0001). Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio significantly correlated with CRP (p 0.0001). The majority of VTE patients was male and younger compared to non-VTE patients (p = 0.002 and p = 0.005, respectively). No significant difference was found in D-dimer levels between VTE and non VTE patients, while significantly higher levels of LDH (p = 0.04) and IL-6 (p = 0.04) were observed in VTE patients in comparison to non-VTE patients. In conclusion, our findings showed a quite high prevalence of VTE in COVID-19 patients. Raised inflammatory indexes and increased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines should raise the clinical suspicion of VTE.

Published
2021
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40. Anemia in patients with Covid-19: pathogenesis and clinical significance.

Author

Bergamaschi, Gaetano, Borrelli de Andreis, Federica, Aronico, Nicola, Lenti, Marco Vincenzo, Barteselli, Chiara, Merli, Stefania, Pellegrino, Ivan, Coppola, Luigi, Cremonte, Elisa Maria, Croce, Gabriele, Mordà, Francesco, Lapia, Francesco, Ferrari, Sara, Ballesio, Alessia, Parodi, Alessandro, Calabretta, Francesca, Ferrari, Maria Giovanna, Fumoso, Federica, Gentile, Antonella, and Melazzini, Federica

Subjects
COVID-19, ANEMIA, ERYTHROCYTES, BLOOD sedimentation, LYMPHOCYTE count
Abstract

COVID-19 patients typically present with lower airway disease, although involvement of other organ systems is usually the rule. Hematological manifestations such as thrombocytopenia and reduced lymphocyte and eosinophil numbers are highly prevalent in COVID-19 and have prognostic significance. Few data, however, are available about the prevalence and significance of anemia in COVID-19. In an observational study, we investigated the prevalence, pathogenesis and clinical significance of anemia among 206 patients with COVID-19 at the time of their hospitalization in an Internal Medicine unit. The prevalence of anemia was 61% in COVID-19, compared with 45% in a control group of 71 patients with clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of COVID-19, but nasopharyngeal swab tests negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA (p = 0.022). Mortality was higher in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. In COVID-19, females had lower hemoglobin concentration than males and a higher prevalence of moderate/severe anemia (25% versus 13%, p = 0.032). In most cases, anemia was mild and due to inflammation, sometimes associated with iron and/or vitamin deficiencies. Determinants of hemoglobin concentration included: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum cholinesterase, ferritin and protein concentrations and number of chronic diseases affecting each patient. Hemoglobin concentration was not related to overall survival that was, on the contrary, influenced by red blood cell distribution width, age, lactate dehydrogenase and the ratio of arterial partial oxygen pressure to inspired oxygen fraction. In conclusion, our results highlight anemia as a common manifestation in COVID-19. Although anemia does not directly influence mortality, it usually affects elderly, frail patients and can negatively influence their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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41. Brain doping: stimulants use and misuse among a sample of Italian college students

Author

Majori, Silvia, Pilati, Sobha, Gazzani, Diana, Paiano, Jacopo, Ferrari, Sara, Sannino, Anna, and Checchin, Enrico

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, Universities, education, Stimulants, Achievement, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Italy, Surveys and Questionnaires, College students, Doping, Humans, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Female, Original Article, 030212 general & internal medicine, stimulants, doping, college students, Students, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Prescription Drug Misuse
Abstract

Introduction. The non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) has become of great interest for its diffusion among university students, engaged in NUMPS to cope with the increasing load of academic stress. This consumption has been more throughoutly investigated in the U.S. due to its increasing trend. However, NMUPS has been reported also in Europe. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine stimulants misuse in an Italian area, identifying possible developments of the phenomenon in Italy. Methods.To evaluate academic and extra-academic NMUPS (Methylphenidate and Amphetamines), an anonymous multiple-choice questionnaire was administrated to a representative sample of Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees students attending a University of North of Italy. Data elaboration and Confidence Interval 95% were performed with Excel software 2013, while Fisher's exact tests with GraphPad INSTAT software. Results. Data from 899 correctly compiled questionnaires were analyzed in this study. 11.3% of students reported NMUPS with an apparent greater use by students aged 18-22 years (73.5%) and without any gender predominance (p: n.s.). 57,8% of students used stimulants at most five times in six months, while the most frequent academic and extra-academic motives for use were respectively to improve concentration while studying (51.0%) and sports performance (25.5%). NMUPS was higher among working students than non-working ones (p, Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol 58, No 2 (2017): 2017582

Published
2017

43. 'Se avessi un figlio!' Desideri frustrati di maternità nella poesia femminile ebraica

Author

Ferrari, Sara

Subjects
lcsh:Language and Literature, produzione letteraria femminile, poesia ebraica, poesia israeliana, lcsh:Literature (General), lcsh:P, poesia, sterilità, lcsh:PN1-6790
Abstract

The desire of maternity, mostly a frustrated desire or perceived as such, is a recurring theme in the poetry of the so-called “founding mothers” of Hebrew female poetry, namely Anda Amir-Pinkerfeld, Rachel, Esther Raab, Yocheved Bat-Miriam. Although critics have often referred to this subject as a simple expression of private grief, it plays a significant role in the process of formation of a feminine poetic discourse in Hebrew and Israeli literature. This survey reviews the contribution of this topic to Hebrew and Israeli poetry through some significant examples selected from works published from 1929 to 2009., Altre Modernità, 2014: NUMERO SPECIALE Letteratura Ebraica ‘al femminile’

Published
2014

45. ENERGY DRINK AND GINSENG CONSUMPTION BY ITALIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Author

Majori, Silvia, Pilati, Sobha, Gazzani, Diana, Paiano, Jacopo, Ferrari, Sara, Sannino, Anna, Checchin, Enrico, Majori, Silvia, Pilati, Sobha, Gazzani, Diana, Paiano, Jacopo, Ferrari, Sara, Sannino, Anna, and Checchin, Enrico

Abstract

Introduction. The consumption of energy drinks (ED) and ginseng by young people to enhance their mental and physical performance has become widespread. Reported side-effects of ED have raised doubts regarding their safety. This cross-sectional study investigates the phenomenon.Methods. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of Italian university students. The resulting data were analyzed with Excel 2013, STATA 13 and GraphPad INSTAT software.Results. ED and ginseng consumption was reported by 38.6% and 37.4% of the students, respectively. More than 70% of ED and ginseng users were 18 to 22 years old. Excluding non-responders, ED consumers were mostly males (51.8% vs. 33.0%), contrary to ginseng consumers (females 40.4% vs. 30.9%). The most frequently reported academic and other reasons for ED use were: “to study longer” (47.5%), and “to socialize” (29.1%). The most often used combinations were ED containing alcohol (65.6%) and ginseng-coffee beverages (71.8%).Conclusions. The diffusion of ED and ginseng consumption warrants prevention and monitoring measures, and deserves further analysis.

Published
2018

47. Alessandra Terenzi Viaggio in Levante. Armature urbane, popoli e paesaggi

Author

Ferrari, Sara

Subjects
lcsh:Language and Literature, lcsh:Literature (General), lcsh:P, lcsh:PN1-6790
Abstract

Alessandra Terenzi Viaggio in Levante. Armature urbane, popoli e paesaggi (Boves, Araba Fenice, 2016, 420 pp., ISBN: 978-8866173335) di Sara Ferrari, Altre Modernità, N. 16 (2016): Decolonizzazioni

Published
2016

48. Heritage and Information Communication Technologies. 'The Glorious Return', from Little Mont Moncenisio to Bobbio Pellice: a Tourist-Cultural Route

Author

Ferrari, Sara, IULM University, and Morazzoni, Monica

Subjects
ICT, tourism, territory, lcsh:Recreation. Leisure, lcsh:HC10-1085, lcsh:GV1-1860, heritage, lcsh:Economic history and conditions
Abstract

The heritage summarizes the cultural, material and immaterial inheritance which refers to a local and community context expressing its characteristics, uniqueness and potential. The cultural route - container of heritage and structural elements of an area - contributes to the construction of the tourist services and the heritage image. It is oriented towards new musts in the tourism planning and therefore it generates emotional experiences, fosters creativity and participation, it provides different models of fruition and several reading and interpretation tools of the heritage.The attention to these issues led us to analyze the itinerary "The glorious return " (part of the wider European itinerary "The ways of the Huguenots and Waldensians") describing the technological applications that have been made such as the creation of a GIS web-site, a multimedia GeoGuide and an application "Augmented Reality for iPhones"., The heritage summarizes the cultural, material and immaterial inheritance which refers to a local and community context expressing its characteristics, uniqueness and potential. The cultural route - container of heritage and structural elements of an area - contributes to the construction of the tourist services and the heritage image. It is oriented towards new musts in the tourism planning and therefore it generates emotional experiences, fosters creativity and participation, it provides different models of fruition and several reading and interpretation tools of the heritage. The attention to these issues led us to analyze the itinerary "The glorious return " (part of the wider European itinerary "The ways of the Huguenots and Waldensians") describing the technological applications that have been made such as the creation of a GIS web-site, a multimedia GeoGuide and an application "Augmented Reality for iPhones"., Almatourism - Journal of Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development; Vol 3, No 5 (2012); 1-16

Published
2012

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