Search

The treatment of peripheral nerve injuries is a debated topic. The Muscle Shortening Maneuver (MSM), a physiotherapy approach, is noninvasive and free of side effects; it consists of a muscle shortening and a solicitation in traction applied simultaneously. The focus of this report is to describe the effects of the MSM combined with walking retraining in a patient with incomplete injury of the peroneal nerve. The patient was a 17-year-old man, who underwent osteotomy surgery of the proximal two-thirds of the fibula, due to an Ewing sarcoma that caused a partial injury of the left peroneal nerve. Our assessment plan of the left ankle movement ability comprised range of movement, muscle strength, and surface electromyography (EMG); and a gait analysis was conducted by using an iPhone application. MSM and walking retraining were administered twice and once a week, respectively, for 4 weeks. The active range of movement substantially improved in dorsiflexion (≥15°), whereas slightly decreased in plantar flexion (−5°). Aside from the tibialis anterior, an increase in muscle strength was detected. Surface EMG showed an increased activation, particularly in the peroneus longus. A decrease in gait speed and step length was recorded from the gait analysis, with a better bilateral symmetry. Positive outcomes were reported without evidence of risk or adverse events for the participant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Muscle Shortening Maneuver (MSM) is derived from Feldman's λ model of motor control, and seems to induce a more balanced agonist- antagonist-muscular action. The hypothesized mechanism of action is a modulation of the Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold (TSRT). We designed a pilot, randomized trial aimed to explore the mechanisms of action of the technique. An ancillary objective was to research the implementation of the MSM as a stroke rehabilitation intervention. A sample of 10 participants with chronic stroke was enrolled and randomly assigned to MSM (n, 5) or conventional physical therapy (CPT) (n, 5) treatments. The TSRTs were assessed by the Montreal Spasticity Measure device. A selection of clinical and instrumental outcome measures was taken to investigate function and activity levels. Data were collected at baseline, end-of-treatment, and one month after the end-of-treatment. No adverse events were observed. In both between- and within-group post-treatment assessments, in the affected ankle the MSM group showed decreased TSRTs of the plantar flexor, increased strength of the dorsiflexor and active range of motion; also, the time needed to perform the Timed Up and Go test decreased. No changes were evident across assessments in the CPT group. The MSM seems able to modulate the TSRTs in individuals with stroke. Although with the limitations due to the pilot design, the variation in participants' responses appear to be promising. Many methodological issues have to be clarified and specified conceiving the progression toward a confirmatory trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some individuals with hemiplegia show a postural disorder called pusher behavior. Various underlying theoretical mechanisms have been proposed, thus leading to various treatment approaches. The aim of this scoping review is to identify and analyze the available evidence on the treatment approaches for pusher behavior. Two independent reviewers conducted a literature search for original studies reporting on treatments for pusher behavior. Studies were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and PEDro from their inception to December 2020. Treatment approaches were grouped in homogeneous areas based on the supposed underlying mechanism. To assess the reporting of the interventions, the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) was used. Thirty-one papers describing 45 interventions were included in the review. Most of the studies were case reports (i.e. including 1 person) (n = 16), followed by randomized controlled trials (n = 5), single subject design trials (n = 5), non-randomized controlled trials (n = 3), and case series (i.e. including more than 1 person) (n = 2). Treatment approaches were grouped into five categories: visual feedback, somatosensory cues, visual-somatosensory integration, brain stimulation, and other nonspecific treatments. The median number of TIDIeR items reported was 7 (range 4 to 10). Pusher behavior is still little-known. Five main categories of treatment approaches based on the alleged etiological underlying mechanisms have been identified. Most of studies are case reports; controlled trials should be further conducted. Intervention reporting should be improved to allow treatment replication in larger trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify if the amount of experience or the specific professional field of the raters may influence inter-rater reliability of the Salford Gait Tool (SF-GT).Methods: Standardized videos of gait of seven children with cerebral palsy were recorded and assessed by three physiotherapists with experience in pediatrics (PPTs), three physiotherapists with experience with adult individuals (n-PPTs), and three students of physiotherapy.Results: The inter-rater reliability both for joints and gait events was acceptable (ICC ≥ .70) for PPTs and n-PPTs, but not for students.Conclusions: The inter-rater reliability of the SF-GT can be influenced by the experience of the raters and the amount of clinical experience seems to be more relevant than the specific professional field. Further research should be conducted with larger samples. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Introduction: Physiotherapy plays a key role in cerebral palsy rehabilitation, through addressing body function/structure deficits, minimizing activity limitations, and encouraging participation. The muscle shortening manoeuvre is an innovative therapeutic technique, characterized by the ability to induce changes in muscle strength in a short time., Objective: To describe the applicability and estimate the effect of the muscle shortening manoeuvre applied to improve motor weakness and joint excursion of the ankle in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy., Methods: Nine children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy received 3 intervention sessions in one week. Muscle strength, passive and active range of motion were assessed before, during and after the training, and at 1-week follow-up., Results: The children experienced an immediate increase in muscle strength and joint excursion of the ankle; the improvements were still present at follow-up after 7 days., Conclusion: The muscle shortening manoeuvre may be an effective intervention to induce an immediate increase in muscle strength and range of motion of the ankle in children affected by hemiplegia due to cerebral palsy, thus promoting better physical functioning., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Journal Compilation © 2021 Foundation of Rehabilitation Information.)