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44 results on '"Ferracini C"'

1. Serious infestations of Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford, 1894) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in chestnut plantations of North-Western Italy

Author

Dutto M, Ferracini C, and Faccoli M

Subjects
Asian Ambrosia Beetle, Castanea sativa Stands, Exotic Insect Pest, Chestnut Management, NW Italy, Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

In the Spring 2018 large infestations of the Asian ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus germanus were observed in various chestnut plantations in province of Cuneo (NW Italy). Unexpected thermal increase recorded in April triggered massive colonization of young Euro-Japanese hybrids chestnuts planted in 2017. The attacks spread in a wide western territory of the Cuneo province (Valle Infernotto, Valle Varaita, Saluzzo plain, Valle Po), causing the death of about 25% of the trees growing in the plantations affected by the infestations. Prompt clearcut and destruction of the infested trees, and the laying of attractive traps is needed to contain the damage and reduce the pest population density. Continuous monitoring of the physiological conditions of young chestnut trees and of the pest population is required in order to prevent new outbreaks.

Published
2018
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5. Application of the NBS impact evaluation framework: NBS performance and impact evaluation case studies

Author

Dubovik, M., Dumitru, A., Wendling, L., Briega, P., Capobianco, V., Connop, S., Crespo, L., Fermoso, J., Giannico, V., Gómez, S., González, M., Kakoulaki, G., Kumar, P., Leppänen, S., Marijuan, R., Pablo, S., Pérez, J.A., Pilla, F., Rinta-Hiiro, V., Riquelme, H., Sánchez, E., Sánchez, I., Sánchez, J.C., Sánchez, R., San José, E., Sanz, J.M., Sanz, N., Serramia, J., Spano, G., Särkilahti, M., Tomé-Lourido, D., van de Sijpe, K., Verdugo, F., Villazán, A., Vos, P., Zulian, G., Allaert, K., Almenar, J.B., Arnbjerg-Nielsen, K., Baldacchini, C., Basco, L., Beaujouan, V., Benoit, G., Bockarjova, M., Bonelli, S., Bouzouidja, R., Butlin, T., Calatrava, J., Calfapietra, C., Cannavo, P., Caroppi, G., Chancibault, K., Cioffi, M., Dadvand, P., de Bellis, Y., de Keijzer, C., de la Hera, A., Decker, S., Djordjevic, S., Dushkova, D., Faneca, M., Fatima, Z., Ferracini, C., Fleury, G., García, I., García-Alcaraz, M., Gerundo, C., Gil-Roldán, E., Giordano, R., Giugni, M., Gonzalez-Ollauri, A., Guidolotti, G., Haase, D., Heredida, J., Hermawan, T., Herranz-Pascual, K., Hölscher, K., Jermakka, J., Kiss, M., Kraus, F., Körmöndi, B., Laikari, A., Laille, P., Lemée, C., Llorente, M., Lodder, M., Lourido, D.T., Macsinga, I., Manzano, M., Martelli, F., Martins, R., Mayor, B., McKnight, U., Mendizabal, M., Mendonça, R., Mickovski, S.B., Nash, C., Nadim, F., Nolan, P., Oen, A., Olsson, P., Olver, C., Paradiso, F., Petucco, C., Pisani, N., Piton, G., Pugliese, F., Rasmussen, M., Munro, K., Reich, E., Reichborn-Kjennerud, K., Renaud, F., Rhodes, M.L., Robles, V., Rodriguez, F., Roebeling, P., Ruangpan, L., Rugani, B., Rödl, A., Sánchez Torres, A., Sanesi, G., Scharf, B., Silvestri, F., Skodra, J., Stanganelli, M., Szkordilisz, F., Tacnet, J.-M., Vay, L., Vella, S., Vercelli, M., Vojinovic, Z., Werner, A., Wheeler, B., Young, C., Zoritaz, S., zu-Castell Rüdenhausen, M., Dumitru, Adina, and Wendling, Laura

Abstract

No abstract available.

Published
2021

6. Indicators of NBS performance and impact

Author

Wendling, L., Dumitru, A., Arnbjerg-Nielsen, K., Baldacchini, C., Connop, S., Dubovik, M., Fermoso, J., Hölscher, K., Nadim, F., Pilla, F., Renaud, F., Rhodes, M.L., San José, E., Sánchez, R., Skodra, J., Tacnet, J.-M., Zulian, G., Allaert, K., Almassy, D., Ascenso, A., Babí Almenar, J., Basco, L., Beaujouan, V., Benoit, G., Bockarjova, M., Bode, N., Bonelli, S., Bouzouidja, R., Butlin, T., Calatrava, J., Calfapietra, C., Cannavo, P., Capobianco, V., Caroppi, G., Ceccherini, G., Chancibault, K., Cioffi, M., Coelho, S., Dadvand, P., de Bellis, Y., de Keijzer, C., de la Hera, A., De Vreese, R., Decker, S., Djordjevic, S., Dowling, C., Dushkova, D., Eiter, S., Faneca, M., Fatima, Z., Ferracini, C., Fjellstad, W., Fleury, G, Freyer, B., García, I., García-Alcaraz, M., Gerundo, C., Gil-Roldán, E., Giordano, R., Giugni, M., Goličnik Marušić, B., Gómez, S., González, M., Gonzalez-Ollauri, A., Guidolotti, G., Haase, D., Heredida, J., Hermawan, T., Herranz-Pascual, K., Jermakka, J., Jones, L., Kiss, M., Kraus, F., Körmöndi, B., Laikari, A., Laille, P., Lemée, C., Llorente, M., Lodder, M., Macsinga, I., Maes, J., Maia, S., Manderscheid, M., Manzano, M., Martelli, F., Martins, R., Mayor, B., McKnight, U., Mendizabal, M., Mendonça, R., Mickovski, S.B., Miranda, A.I., Moniz, G.C., Munro, K., Nash, C., Nolan, P., Oen, A., Olsson, P., Olver, C., Ozturk, E.D., Paradiso, F., Petucco, C., Pisani, N., Piton, G., Pugliese, F., Rasmussen, M., Ravknikar, Ž., Reich, E., Reichborn-Kjennerud, K., Rinta-Hiiro, V., Robles, V., Rodriguez, F., Roebeling, P., Ruangpan, L, Rugani, B, Rödl, A, Sánchez, I, Sánchez Torres, A, Sanesi, G, Sanz, J.M., Scharf, B., Silvestri, F., Spano, G., Stanganelli, M., Szkordilisz, F., Tomé-Lourido, D., Vay, L., Vela, S., Vercelli, M., Villazán, A., Vojinovic, Z., Werner, A., Wheeler, B., Young, C., Zorita, S., Zandersen, M., zu-Castell Rüdenhausen, M., Dumitru, Adina, and Wendling, Laura

Abstract

No abstract available.

Published
2021

7. Interactions between the box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) and the tachinid parasitoid Exorista larvarum (L.)

Author

Martini A., Di Vitantonio C., Ferracini C., Dindo M. L., and Martini A., Di Vitantonio C., Ferracini C., Dindo M.L.

Subjects
animal structures, Exotic insects, native parasitoids, Tachinidae, Biological control, fungi
Abstract

Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera Crambidae), native to East Asia, was first recorded in Europe in 2007. In Italy, it was detected in 2010 in Veneto and it is now distributed in other regions. This exotic species represents a threat to Buxus plants in European parks and gardens, as well as in natural environments, i.e. spontaneous formations of southern France and northwestern Italy. In Europe, only two parasitoids, including the tachinid Pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata (Walker), have so far been found to attack C. perspectalis in nature, at a very low rate. In the areas of origin, the parasitoid complex of the box tree moth is wider and comprises other tachinid species, including Exorista spp. A stock colony of Exorista larvarum (L.), a larval parasitoid native to the Palearctic region, is currently maintained in the laboratory of Entomology of the University of Bologna, using Galleria mellonella (L.) (Lepidoptera Pyralidae) as a factitious host. Both biological bioassay and anatomical and histological examinations were carried out to evaluate the possibility of adaptation of this indigenous tachinid species to C. perspectalis. In no-choice experiments, box tree moth larvae were accepted by E. larvarum females, though a lower number of eggs were laid compared to G. mellonella, maintained as a control. Most eggs hatched, as also shown in the anatomical and histological studies, but no puparia formed in any accepted C. perspectalis larva. Two out of six first instar E. larvarum larvae penetrated the body of a box tree moth larva and were encapsulated. The encapsulation response turned into the formation of the respiratory funnel by two parasitoid larvae, similarly to what happens in G. mellonella. The results obtained in this study showed that C. perspectalis was unsuitable as host for E. larvarum. The mortality following the parasitoid larval activity (independently of successful parasitism) was, however, not significantly different between C. perspectalis and G. mellonella. The overall results suggest that the mortality of C. perspectalis larvae due to the partial development of E. larvarum may be useful to regulate the populations of this invasive pest in a context of conservative biological control.

Published
2019

15. Indigenous parasitoids associated with Dryocosmus kuriphilus in a chestnut production area of Emilia Romagna (Italy)

Author

Francati, S., Alma, A., Ferracini, C., Pollini, A., MARIA LUISA DINDO, Francati, S., Alma, A., Ferracini, C., Pollini, A., and Dindo, M.L.

Subjects
Asian chestnut gall wasp, native parasitoid complex, high Santerno Valley
Abstract

The associations occurring between the Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW) Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera Cynipidae) and native parasitoids were investigated over the 3-year period 2010-2012 in a chestnut plantation located in the municipality of Castel del Rio (high Santerno Valley, Bologna province, Emilia Romagna, Italy). The chestnut trees were mixed with other plant species, including oaks, and were heavily infested by D. kuriphilus (which was first recorded in Emilia Romagna in 2008). In the survey period, a total of 12,015 spring galls were collected and an overall number of 7,094 insects emerged (5,182 D. kuriphilus and 1,912 parasitoids). The parasitoids, belonging to five families (Eupelmidae, Eurytomidae, Ormyridae, Pteromalidae, Torymidae), were presumably recruited from oak gall wasps. They were identified using morphological characters and the most represented genus was Torymus. Within this genus, the morphospecies Torymus flavipes (Walker) was identified. Mesopolobus was the second most abundant genus in 2010 and 2011. The percentages of parasitism (calculated considering an average of 3.5 cells) were 3.06, 10.18 and 0.09 in 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively. The dramatic reduction of parasitoids found in 2012 might have been a consequence of biocoenotic dynamics, in particular of the instability of the interactions occurring between the ACGW and the generalist native parasitoids.

Published
2015

16. Chestnut R&D Centre, Piemonte (Italy): 10 years of activity

Author

Beccaro, G.L., primary, Alma, A., additional, Gonthier, P., additional, Mellano, M.G., additional, Ferracini, C., additional, Giordano, L., additional, Lione, G., additional, Donno, D., additional, Boni, I., additional, Ebone, A., additional, Raina, E., additional, Rocca, M., additional, and Bounous, G., additional

Published
2018
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18. Insects and globalization: sustainable control of exotic species in Italian agro-forestry ecosystems

Author

LUPI D., BERNARDO U., BONSIGNORE C. P., COLOMBO M., FACCOLI M., FERRACINI C., GUALTIERI L., MARULLO R., MAZZON L., SISCARO G., SUMA P., TAVELLA L., DINDO, MARIA LUISA, MAINI, STEFANO, Holland J., Gerowitt B., Bianchi F., Kedziora A., Lupi D., van Helden M., Moonen C., van Rijn P., LUPI D., BERNARDO U., BONSIGNORE C.P., COLOMBO M., DINDO M.L., FACCOLI M., FERRACINI C., GUALTIERI L., MARULLO R., MAZZON L., SISCARO G., SUMA P., TAVELLA L., and MAINI S.

Subjects
exotic insect pests, exotic insect pest, native natural enemies, biological control, native natural enemie
Abstract

One of the negative consequences of globalization is the increased introduction of exotic pests into new areas. Italy, in particular, is at high risk of introduction, because of its geographical position and climate, which allows the settlement of (even subtropical) exotic species. In this context, native natural enemies may play a major role in the biological control of exotic species. The mechanisms involved in adaptation processes, which are crucial in studies of biological invasions, are only partially known. A joint effort by researchers operating in Italy and abroad is needed to deeply investigate this phenomenon and to develop appropriate strategies for sustainable control of exotic species. The present work illustrates the objectives and preliminary results of the project “Insects and globalization: sustainable control of exotic species in agro-forestry ecosystems (GEISCA)” focused on control of exotic species by native entomophagous insects. The overall goal of the project is to gain, at the end of three years, useful knowledge on the development of appropriate procedures for sustainable control of target pest species.

Published
2014

25. DETERMINANTS OF 6-MONTH MORTALITY IN SURVIVORS OF MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION AFTER THROMBOLYSIS - RESULTS OF THE GISSI-2 DATA-BASE

Author

VOLPI A, DEVITA C, FRANZOSI MG, GERACI E, MAGGIONI AP, MAURI F, NEGRI E, SANTORO E, TAVAZZI L, TOGNONI G, FERUGLIO GA, LOTTO A, ROVELLI F, SOLINAS P, BRUNO M, CAPPELLO T, COPPINI A, FINCATI F, MANTOVANI G, PANGRAZZI J, POGNA M, TURAZZA FM, ANSELMI M, BARBONAGLIA L, BIGI R, CAVALLI A, FRIGERIO M, GIORDANO A, GUALTIEROTTI C, TORTA D, CAROLA R, GIORDANO F, BARLOTTI R, LOPARCO G, VIGLINO GL, RUGGERI G, GIAMUNDO L, DANESI A, PACIARONI E, GAMBINI C, URBANO G, PURCARO A, FRANCESCONI M, FIGLIOLIA S, CANNONE M, ANTOLINI R, DEVOTI G, CRISTALLINI P, PORCIELLO PI, TEONI P, BURALI A, ZUCCONELLI V, DEMATTEIS C, IERVOGLINI A, SCATASTA M, AMABILI S, CARATTI CA, ZOLA G, FERRAGUTO P, SALICI G, CENTARO A, ROTIROTI D, GENOVESE M, GINEVRINO P, DAMATO N, ALTAMURA CM, COLONNA L, CASTELLANETA G, BOVENZI F, MESSINA D, GALANTINO A, CAMPOREALE N, CUCCHINI F, CAMPOSTELLA L, MALACRIDA R, GENONI M, PELLEGRINI P, BRIDDA A, RIGGI L, ACONE L, MOSCATIELLO G, BRUNO A, INVERNIZZI G, TESPILI M, GUAGLIUMI G, CASARI A, ALBANO T, TOMASSINI B, DIBIASE G, SCARAMUZZINO G, RUGGERO S, BRACCHETTI D, DECASTRO U, FULVI M, BRAITO E, ERLICHER A, OBERLECHNER W, GAGLIARDI RS, BIGHIGNOLI L, BONIZZATO G, RIZZI GM, SCAZZINA L, PERRINI A, STRANEO G, STRANEO U, SCIRE A, VERRIENTI A, GUADALUPI M, STORELLI A, ZUCCA L, DABUSTI M, ALBONICO B, DEPETRA V, TABACCHI GC, SCERVINO R, MEREU D, MAXIA P, BIANCO A, CRABU E, MANGIAMELI S, CENTAMORE G, MALFITANO D, AMICO C, VANCHERI F, SANTOPUOLI G, BALDINI F, PANTALEONI A, CONTESSOTTO F, TERLIZZI R, MERIGHI A, TURCHI E, TEGLIO V, PIGNATTI F, PEZZANA A, GOZZOLINO G, GIGLIO M, PETTINATI G, IEVA M, CIRICUGNO S, CORREALE E, ROMANO S, DIFUCCIA A, CASTELLANO B, NATALE A, CERNETTI C, CELEGON L, CANDELPERGHER G, ARIENZO F, RUSSO F, DEVIVO L, MAY L, ACHILLI G, BLASI A, SORRENTINO F, DATO A, GALLONE P, PALUMBO C, DELLAMONICA R, PAGANO L, ALBERTI A, ORSELLI L, DEPONTI C, PARMIGIANI ML, FERRARI M, ACITO P, BUSI F, DELLAVITTORIA G, BELLET C, BORTOLINI F, ROSSI A, CORONA C, BONDI S, NICCOLINI D, GAMBERI G, ARCURI G, MAIOLINO P, CARROZZA A, DELIO U, CAPRETTI G, MARINONI C, GUASCONI C, SONNINO S, PAGLIEI M, FERRARI G, LOMBARDI R, AGNELLI D, DERINALDIS G, CALCAGNILE A, SIGNORELLI S, BENDINELLI S, LUSETTI L, MOLLAIOLI M, COSMI F, PLASTINA F, VENNERI N, FERACO E, CATELLI P, POLUZZI C, DISTANTE S, BIANCHI C, COPPETTI S, ZAMPAGLIONE G, GATTO C, ZURLO R, USLENGHI E, MARGARIA F, MILANESE U, LOMANTO B, ZIACCHI V, RIVA D, BERTOCCHI P, TIRELLA G, DAULERIO M, SAURO G, BINI A, MAZZONI V, POGGI P, MARESTA A, JACOPI F, PATRONCINI A, PUPITA F, GAGGI S, FRAUSINI G, ANTONIOLI GE, MALACARNE C, CODECA L, CAPPATO R, ANDREOLI L, VARACCA S, BUIO E, FAZZINI PF, PUCCI P, SARRO F, VERGASSOLA R, BARCHIELLI M, DEMATTEIS D, CARRONE M, BRUNOZZI LT, MENICONI L, LIBERATI R, RADOGNA M, TALLONE M, CONTE R, IERI A, ZIPOLI A, SANSONI M, CANZIANI R, GUIDALI P, CRISTALLO E, MARIELLO F, MUZIO L, BENVENUTO MR, BALDINI MR, VECCHIO C, CHIARELLA F, FALCIDIENO M, CECCHI A, GIULIANO G, SEU V, PERUGINI P, TOSELLI A, BASSO F, CORTI E, ROSSI P, DELFINO R, CAPONNETTO S, GNECCO G, GHIGLIOTTI G, PENNESI A, LOMBARDI G, RUGGIERI A, BERTOLO L, SLOMP L, LANZETTA T, MAZZARONE L, CRESTI A, BELLODI G, ZUARINI AM, VENERI L, PARCHI C, GIOVANELLI N, NEGRONI S, DETHOMATIS M, BARGHINI A, MARINO E, RICCI D, LEMME P, DIGIACOMO U, AQUARO G, RONZANI G, OTTELLO B, VONTI V, MORETTI S, PALERMO R, MARSILI P, SIDERI F, RAGAZZINI G, GRAMENZI S, BATTISTINI S, DIODATO T, VALERIO A, TUCCI C, DEPASQUALE B, GELFO PG, BERTULLA A, BOLLINI R, DEMARCHI E, BACCA F, DEGIORGI V, LOCATELLI V, SAVOIA MT, FERRACINI C, BARBARESI F, COTOGNI A, FRANCO G, PASSONI F, DURBANO M, MORETTI G, PEROTTI S, CAPRETTI M, DELBENE P, CASCONE M, BALDINI U, ORLANDI M, ODDONE A, CAIZZI V, MASINI G, LAZZARI M, BALLERINI B, BOZZI L, MOCETTI T, BERTOLINI A, PASOTTI E, SANGUINETTI M, MANTOVANI R, TOGNOLI T, MAGGI A, TUSA M, CAMERONI E, GUERRA GP, REGGIANI A, REDAELLI S, GIUSTI S, TANTALO L, RIZZI A, DIGIOVANNI N, GUZZO V, GABRIELE M, COLOMBO G, ALBERZONI A, SALVIOLI G, GALFETTI F, DOVICO E, BELLUZZI F, GOLA E, CASELLATO F, LECCHI G, CONSOLO F, SACCA CB, CONSOLO A, PICCOLO E, GASPARINI G, MASSA D, BELLI C, DOSSENA MG, CORSINI C, SANNA GP, AZZOLLINI M, TRUAZZA F, NADOR F, DEMARTINI M, BOZZI G, SEREGNI R, PASTINE I, MORPURGO M, CASAZZA F, REGALIA F, MAGGIOLINI S, RIGO R, PANCALDI S, POZZETTI D, PASCOTTO P, FRANCESCHI L, DAINESE F, MELINI L, CAPPELLI C, BERNARDI C, PALMIERI M, BORGIONI L, ZILIO G, SANDRI R, ALITTO F, MASARO G, VALAGUSSA F, SCHIAVINA R, RAVESI D, DANIELLO L, PIANTADOSI FR, BARRA P, ROMEO D, MININNI N, SEVERINO S, MOSTACCI M, CASTELLARI M, BANDA D, ROLANDI R, VILLA WD, CARBONE V, ALLEGRI M, FASCIOLO L, PITTALIS M, MUREDDU V, SORO F, DELEDDA MG, MARRAS E, MARCHI SM, DELUCA C, MANETTA M, VOLTA SD, SPERANDEO V, DONZELLI M, VITRANO MG, PITROLO F, LAMONICA S, BELLANCA G, MESSINA G, MIRTO U, RAINERI A, TRAINA M, DIBENEDETTO A, RIBAUDO E, DIFRANCESCO M, RONCHITELLI R, CARONE M, DIGREGORIO D, DIPAOLO G, PASQUALE M, COREA L, COCCHIERI M, ALUNNI G, PAPI L, CHIRIATTI G, LUPETTI M, GAZZOLA U, ARRUZZOLI S, VILLANI GQ, MELLINI M, MADRUZZA L, PIAZZA R, MICHELI G, FRANCHINI C, BECHI S, MARTINES C, MARCHESE D, GABBIA G, BIGALLI A, CIUTI M, CABANI E, DELCITERNA F, ALFIERI A, CHITI M, LONGHINI J, CODELUPPI P, NEGRELLI M, ZANUTTINI D, NICOLOSI GL, MARTIN G, PETRELLA A, BARDAZZI L, BIANCO GA, CELLAMARE G, GIANNELLI F, LICITRA G, LICITRA R, LETTICA GV, TUMIOTTO G, BELLANTI G, BOSI S, CASALI G, MONDUCCI I, BARONE A, PARENTI F, HEYMAN J, COZZI E, BALDACCI G, BACCOS D, BRIGHI F, DESANCTIS A, BOCK R, ROSSI F, AMATI P, SEMPRINI P, NARDELLI A, BOTTERO G, VARTOLO C, MILAZZOTTO F, DICROCE G, DIMARIO F, ANGRISANI G, AZZOLINI P, NEJA CP, MANZOLI U, ROSSI E, TRANI C, MASINI V, SEBASTIANI F, TOPAI M, BORGIA MC, LUCIANI C, FERRI F, DEPAOLA D, CAPURSO S, TUGNOLI F, VETTA C, ALTIERI T, BORZI M, VISCOMI A, STRIANO U, SALITURI S, ZONZIN P, FIORENCIS R, BADIN A, RAVERA B, BALDI C, SILVESTRI F, ALLEMANO P, REYNAUD S, SANSON A, MILANI L, DESIMONE MV, RUSSO A, VILLELLA A, GRAZINI M, AMIDEI S, ANSELMI L, PICCANICOLINO R, MASCELLI G, TAGLIAMONTE A, MESSINA V, TEDESCHI C, BOSSI M, BISIOLI M, TACCHI G, PAGNI G, VIVALDI F, IBBA GV, SANNIA L, PEDRAZZINI F, BAGNI E, FABII S, ALVINO A, ANTONIELLI E, DORONZO B, MARTINENGO E, BECCHI G, SALMOIRAGHI A, DIGIOVANNA F, CARAMANNO G, CAPORICCI D, BRUN M, GIANI P, FERRARIO G, PECI P, RONCONI G, SKOUSE D, GIUSTINIANI S, CUCCHI GF, TAVASCI E, SILVERII A, MARCELLINI G, SPECA G, STANISCIA D, CIMINO A, SERAFINI N, DEBONIS P, CERRUTI P, BAZZUCCHI M, DALPRA F, SPEROTTO C, MOLE GD, BARBANO G, POMARI F, GASCHINO G, PARIGI A, GANDOLFO N, RONDONI F, BRUSCA A, DILEO M, GOLZIO PG, ABRATE M, SCLAVO MG, ROCCI R, POGGIO G, GIANI S, CUZZUCREA D, BRASCHI GB, SCIACCA R, SAMMARTANO A, FURLANELLO F, BRAITO G, CUZZATO V, TOTIS O, FAURETTO F, LEO F, GALATI A, PALMA P, CAMERINI F, MORGERA T, BARBIERI L, SLAVICK GA, FRESCO C, CUDA A, SARNICOLA P, ARZILLO P, BINAGHI G, MACCHI G, CALVERI G, DIMARCO G, LEVANTESI G, PANERAI C, CATURELLI G, FACCHIN L, SARTORE G, ZARDINI P, MARINO P, CARBONIERI E, NAVA S, MAZZINI C, NAVA R, SERRA N, SASSARA M, NICROSINI F, GANDOLFI P, BERGOGNONI G, BALLESTRA AM, VIOLO C, VOLPI A, DEVITA C, FRANZOSI MG, GERACI E, MAGGIONI AP, MAURI F, NEGRI E, SANTORO E, TAVAZZI L, TOGNONI G, FERUGLIO GA, LOTTO A, ROVELLI F, SOLINAS P, BRUNO M, CAPPELLO T, COPPINI A, FINCATI F, MANTOVANI G, PANGRAZZI J, POGNA M, TURAZZA FM, ANSELMI M, BARBONAGLIA L, BIGI R, CAVALLI A, FRIGERIO M, GIORDANO A, GUALTIEROTTI C, TORTA D, CAROLA R, GIORDANO F, BARLOTTI R, LOPARCO G, VIGLINO GL, RUGGERI G, GIAMUNDO L, DANESI A, PACIARONI E, GAMBINI C, URBANO G, PURCARO A, FRANCESCONI M, FIGLIOLIA S, CANNONE M, ANTOLINI R, DEVOTI G, CRISTALLINI P, PORCIELLO PI, TEONI P, BURALI A, ZUCCONELLI V, DEMATTEIS C, IERVOGLINI A, SCATASTA M, AMABILI S, CARATTI CA, ZOLA G, FERRAGUTO P, SALICI G, CENTARO A, ROTIROTI D, GENOVESE M, GINEVRINO P, DAMATO N, ALTAMURA CM, COLONNA L, CASTELLANETA G, BOVENZI F, MESSINA D, GALANTINO A, CAMPOREALE N, CUCCHINI F, CAMPOSTELLA L, MALACRIDA R, GENONI M, PELLEGRINI P, BRIDDA A, RIGGI L, ACONE L, MOSCATIELLO G, BRUNO A, INVERNIZZI G, TESPILI M, GUAGLIUMI G, CASARI A, ALBANO T, TOMASSINI B, DIBIASE G, SCARAMUZZINO G, RUGGERO S, BRACCHETTI D, DECASTRO U, FULVI M, BRAITO E, ERLICHER A, OBERLECHNER W, GAGLIARDI RS, BIGHIGNOLI L, BONIZZATO G, RIZZI GM, SCAZZINA L, PERRINI A, STRANEO G, STRANEO U, SCIRE A, VERRIENTI A, GUADALUPI M, STORELLI A, ZUCCA L, DABUSTI M, ALBONICO B, DEPETRA V, TABACCHI GC, SCERVINO R, MEREU D, MAXIA P, BIANCO A, CRABU E, MANGIAMELI S, CENTAMORE G, MALFITANO D, AMICO C, VANCHERI F, SANTOPUOLI G, BALDINI F, PANTALEONI A, CONTESSOTTO F, TERLIZZI R, MERIGHI A, TURCHI E, TEGLIO V, PIGNATTI F, PEZZANA A, GOZZOLINO G, GIGLIO M, PETTINATI G, IEVA M, CIRICUGNO S, CORREALE E, ROMANO S, DIFUCCIA A, CASTELLANO B, NATALE A, CERNETTI C, CELEGON L, CANDELPERGHER G, ARIENZO F, RUSSO F, DEVIVO L, MAY L, ACHILLI G, BLASI A, SORRENTINO F, DATO A, GALLONE P, PALUMBO C, DELLAMONICA R, PAGANO L, ALBERTI A, ORSELLI L, DEPONTI C, PARMIGIANI ML, FERRARI M, ACITO P, BUSI F, DELLAVITTORIA G, BELLET C, BORTOLINI F, ROSSI A, CORONA C, BONDI S, NICCOLINI D, GAMBERI G, ARCURI G, MAIOLINO P, CARROZZA A, DELIO U, CAPRETTI G, MARINONI C, GUASCONI C, SONNINO S, PAGLIEI M, FERRARI G, LOMBARDI R, AGNELLI D, DERINALDIS G, CALCAGNILE A, SIGNORELLI S, BENDINELLI S, LUSETTI L, MOLLAIOLI M, COSMI F, PLASTINA F, VENNERI N, FERACO E, CATELLI P, POLUZZI C, DISTANTE S, BIANCHI C, COPPETTI S, ZAMPAGLIONE G, GATTO C, ZURLO R, USLENGHI E, MARGARIA F, MILANESE U, LOMANTO B, ZIACCHI V, RIVA D, BERTOCCHI P, TIRELLA G, DAULERIO M, SAURO G, BINI A, MAZZONI V, POGGI P, MARESTA A, JACOPI F, PATRONCINI A, PUPITA F, GAGGI S, FRAUSINI G, ANTONIOLI GE, MALACARNE C, CODECA L, CAPPATO R, ANDREOLI L, VARACCA S, BUIO E, FAZZINI PF, PUCCI P, SARRO F, VERGASSOLA R, BARCHIELLI M, DEMATTEIS D, CARRONE M, BRUNOZZI LT, MENICONI L, LIBERATI R, RADOGNA M, TALLONE M, CONTE R, IERI A, ZIPOLI A, SANSONI M, CANZIANI R, GUIDALI P, CRISTALLO E, MARIELLO F, MUZIO L, BENVENUTO MR, BALDINI MR, VECCHIO C, CHIARELLA F, FALCIDIENO M, CECCHI A, GIULIANO G, SEU V, PERUGINI P, TOSELLI A, BASSO F, CORTI E, ROSSI P, DELFINO R, CAPONNETTO S, GNECCO G, GHIGLIOTTI G, PENNESI A, LOMBARDI G, RUGGIERI A, BERTOLO L, SLOMP L, LANZETTA T, MAZZARONE L, CRESTI A, BELLODI G, ZUARINI AM, VENERI L, PARCHI C, GIOVANELLI N, NEGRONI S, DETHOMATIS M, BARGHINI A, MARINO E, RICCI D, LEMME P, DIGIACOMO U, AQUARO G, RONZANI G, OTTELLO B, VONTI V, MORETTI S, PALERMO R, MARSILI P, SIDERI F, RAGAZZINI G, GRAMENZI S, BATTISTINI S, DIODATO T, VALERIO A, TUCCI C, DEPASQUALE B, GELFO PG, BERTULLA A, BOLLINI R, DEMARCHI E, BACCA F, DEGIORGI V, LOCATELLI V, SAVOIA MT, FERRACINI C, BARBARESI F, COTOGNI A, FRANCO G, PASSONI F, DURBANO M, MORETTI G, PEROTTI S, CAPRETTI M, DELBENE P, CASCONE M, BALDINI U, ORLANDI M, ODDONE A, CAIZZI V, MASINI G, LAZZARI M, BALLERINI B, BOZZI L, MOCETTI T, BERTOLINI A, PASOTTI E, SANGUINETTI M, MANTOVANI R, TOGNOLI T, MAGGI A, TUSA M, CAMERONI E, GUERRA GP, REGGIANI A, REDAELLI S, GIUSTI S, TANTALO L, RIZZI A, DIGIOVANNI N, GUZZO V, GABRIELE M, COLOMBO G, ALBERZONI A, SALVIOLI G, GALFETTI F, DOVICO E, BELLUZZI F, GOLA E, CASELLATO F, LECCHI G, CONSOLO F, SACCA CB, CONSOLO A, PICCOLO E, GASPARINI G, MASSA D, BELLI C, DOSSENA MG, CORSINI C, SANNA GP, AZZOLLINI M, TRUAZZA F, NADOR F, DEMARTINI M, BOZZI G, SEREGNI R, PASTINE I, MORPURGO M, CASAZZA F, REGALIA F, MAGGIOLINI S, RIGO R, PANCALDI S, POZZETTI D, PASCOTTO P, FRANCESCHI L, DAINESE F, MELINI L, CAPPELLI C, BERNARDI C, PALMIERI M, BORGIONI L, ZILIO G, SANDRI R, ALITTO F, MASARO G, VALAGUSSA F, SCHIAVINA R, RAVESI D, DANIELLO L, PIANTADOSI FR, BARRA P, ROMEO D, MININNI N, SEVERINO S, MOSTACCI M, CASTELLARI M, BANDA D, ROLANDI R, VILLA WD, CARBONE V, ALLEGRI M, FASCIOLO L, PITTALIS M, MUREDDU V, SORO F, DELEDDA MG, MARRAS E, MARCHI SM, DELUCA C, MANETTA M, VOLTA SD, SPERANDEO V, DONZELLI M, VITRANO MG, PITROLO F, LAMONICA S, BELLANCA G, MESSINA G, MIRTO U, RAINERI A, TRAINA M, DIBENEDETTO A, RIBAUDO E, DIFRANCESCO M, RONCHITELLI R, CARONE M, DIGREGORIO D, DIPAOLO G, PASQUALE M, COREA L, COCCHIERI M, ALUNNI G, PAPI L, CHIRIATTI G, LUPETTI M, GAZZOLA U, ARRUZZOLI S, VILLANI GQ, MELLINI M, MADRUZZA L, PIAZZA R, MICHELI G, FRANCHINI C, BECHI S, MARTINES C, MARCHESE D, GABBIA G, BIGALLI A, CIUTI M, CABANI E, DELCITERNA F, ALFIERI A, CHITI M, LONGHINI J, CODELUPPI P, NEGRELLI M, ZANUTTINI D, NICOLOSI GL, MARTIN G, PETRELLA A, BARDAZZI L, BIANCO GA, CELLAMARE G, GIANNELLI F, LICITRA G, LICITRA R, LETTICA GV, TUMIOTTO G, BELLANTI G, BOSI S, CASALI G, MONDUCCI I, BARONE A, PARENTI F, HEYMAN J, COZZI E, BALDACCI G, BACCOS D, BRIGHI F, DESANCTIS A, BOCK R, ROSSI F, AMATI P, SEMPRINI P, NARDELLI A, BOTTERO G, VARTOLO C, MILAZZOTTO F, DICROCE G, DIMARIO F, ANGRISANI G, AZZOLINI P, NEJA CP, MANZOLI U, ROSSI E, TRANI C, MASINI V, SEBASTIANI F, TOPAI M, BORGIA MC, LUCIANI C, FERRI F, DEPAOLA D, CAPURSO S, TUGNOLI F, VETTA C, ALTIERI T, BORZI M, VISCOMI A, STRIANO U, SALITURI S, ZONZIN P, FIORENCIS R, BADIN A, RAVERA B, BALDI C, SILVESTRI F, ALLEMANO P, REYNAUD S, SANSON A, MILANI L, DESIMONE MV, RUSSO A, VILLELLA A, GRAZINI M, AMIDEI S, ANSELMI L, PICCANICOLINO R, MASCELLI G, TAGLIAMONTE A, MESSINA V, TEDESCHI C, BOSSI M, BISIOLI M, TACCHI G, PAGNI G, VIVALDI F, IBBA GV, SANNIA L, PEDRAZZINI F, BAGNI E, FABII S, ALVINO A, ANTONIELLI E, DORONZO B, MARTINENGO E, BECCHI G, SALMOIRAGHI A, DIGIOVANNA F, CARAMANNO G, CAPORICCI D, BRUN M, GIANI P, FERRARIO G, PECI P, RONCONI G, SKOUSE D, GIUSTINIANI S, CUCCHI GF, TAVASCI E, SILVERII A, MARCELLINI G, SPECA G, STANISCIA D, CIMINO A, SERAFINI N, DEBONIS P, CERRUTI P, BAZZUCCHI M, DALPRA F, SPEROTTO C, MOLE GD, BARBANO G, POMARI F, GASCHINO G, PARIGI A, GANDOLFO N, RONDONI F, BRUSCA A, DILEO M, GOLZIO PG, ABRATE M, SCLAVO MG, ROCCI R, POGGIO G, GIANI S, CUZZUCREA D, BRASCHI GB, SCIACCA R, SAMMARTANO A, FURLANELLO F, BRAITO G, CUZZATO V, TOTIS O, FAURETTO F, LEO F, GALATI A, PALMA P, CAMERINI F, MORGERA T, BARBIERI L, SLAVICK GA, FRESCO C, CUDA A, SARNICOLA P, ARZILLO P, BINAGHI G, MACCHI G, CALVERI G, DIMARCO G, LEVANTESI G, PANERAI C, CATURELLI G, FACCHIN L, SARTORE G, ZARDINI P, MARINO P, CARBONIERI E, NAVA S, MAZZINI C, NAVA R, SERRA N, SASSARA M, NICROSINI F, GANDOLFI P, BERGOGNONI G, BALLESTRA AM, and VIOLO C

Subjects
cardiovascular diseases
Abstract

Background. Current knowledge of risk assessment in survivors of myocardial infarction is largely based on data gathered before the advent of thrombolysis. It must be determined whether and to what extent available information and proposed criteria of prognostication are applicable in the thrombolytic era. Methods and Results. We reassessed risk prediction in the 10 219 survivors of myocardial infarction with follow-up data available (ie, 98% of the total) who had been enrolled in the GISSI-2 trial, relying on a set of prespecified variables. The 3.5% 6-month all-cause mortality rate of these patients compared with the higher value of 4.6% found in the corresponding GISSI-1 cohort, originally allocated to streptokinase therapy, indicates a 24% reduction in postdischarge 6-month mortality. On multivariate analysis (Cox model), the following variables were predictors of 6-month all-cause mortality: ineligibility for exercise test for both cardiac (relative risk [RR], 3.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.36-4.62) and noncardiac reasons (RR, 3.28; 95% CI, 2.23-4.72), early left ventricular failure (RR, 2.41; 95% Cl, 1.87-3.09), echocardiographic evidence of recovery phase left ventricular dysfunction (RR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.78-2.98), advanced (more than 70 years) age (RR, 1.81; 95% Cl, 1.43 -2.30), electrical instability (ie, frequent and/or complex ventricular arrhythmias) (RR, 1.70; 95% Cl, 1.32-2.19), late left ventricular failure (RR, 1.54; 95% Cl, 1.17-2.03), previous myocardial infarction (RR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.14-1.89), and a history of treated hypertension (RR, 1.32; 95% Cl, 1.05-1.65). Early post-myocardial infarction angina, a positive exercise test, female sex, history of angina, history of insulin-dependent diabetes, and anterior site of myocardial infarction were not risk predictors. On further multivariate analysis, performed on 8315 patients with the echocardiographic indicator of left ventricular dysfunction available, only previous myocardial infarction was not retained as an independent risk predictor. Conclusions. A decline in 6-month mortality of myocardial infarction survivors, seen within 6 hours of symptom onset, has been observed in recent years. Ineligibility for exercise test, early left ventricular failure, and recovery-phase left ventricular dysfunction are the most powerful (RR, >2) predictors of 6-month mortality among patients recovering from myocardial infarction after thrombolysis. Qualitative variables reflecting residual myocardial ischemia do not appear to be risk predictors. The lack of an independent adverse influence of early post-myocardial infarction angina on 6-month survival represents a major difference between this study and those of the prethrombolytic era.

27. An integrated transcriptomic and proteomic approach to identify the main Torymus sinensis venom components

Author

Chiara Ferracini, Pietro Pucci, Alberto Alma, Flora Cozzolino, Marco Pezzi, Carmen Scieuzo, Chiara Scapoli, Rosanna Salvia, Maria Chiara Monti, Antonio Franco, Patrizia Falabella, Heiko Vogel, Milvia Chicca, Scieuzo, C., Salvia, R., Franco, A., Pezzi, M., Cozzolino, F., Chicca, M., Scapoli, C., Vogel, H., Monti, M., Ferracini, C., Pucci, P., Alma, A., and Falabella, P.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Proteomics, Proteome, medicine.medical_treatment, Oviposition, Protease Inhibitor, Wasps, Venom, Wasp Venoms, Hymenoptera, Parasitoid, Transcriptome, Insect Protein, LS2_3, LS2_2, Sequencing, Multidisciplinary, Deoxyribonucleases, biology, Esterases, Biochemistry, Proteomics, Sequencing, Entomology, Torymus sinensis, Insect Proteins, Medicine, Proteases, Science, Deoxyribonuclease, Parasitism, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolase, Wasp Venom, Esterase, complex mixtures, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Torymus sinensis, medicine, Animals, Protease Inhibitors, RNA, Messenger, Protease, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, Animal, Host (biology), Ambientale, Molecular Sequence Annotation, biology.organism_classification, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Peptide Hydrolase, 030104 developmental biology, Gene Ontology, Entomology, Peptide Hydrolases
Abstract

During oviposition, ectoparasitoid wasps not only inject their eggs but also a complex mixture of proteins and peptides (venom) in order to regulate the host physiology to benefit their progeny. Although several endoparasitoid venom proteins have been identified, little is known about the components of ectoparasitoid venom. To characterize the protein composition of Torymus sinensis Kamijo (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) venom, we used an integrated transcriptomic and proteomic approach and identified 143 venom proteins. Moreover, focusing on venom gland transcriptome, we selected additional 52 transcripts encoding putative venom proteins. As in other parasitoid venoms, hydrolases, including proteases, phosphatases, esterases, and nucleases, constitute the most abundant families in T. sinensis venom, followed by protease inhibitors. These proteins are potentially involved in the complex parasitic syndrome, with different effects on the immune system, physiological processes and development of the host, and contribute to provide nutrients to the parasitoid progeny. Although additional in vivo studies are needed, initial findings offer important information about venom factors and their putative host effects, which are essential to ensure the success of parasitism.

Published
2021

28. Does catechin make the Mediterranean palm tree Chamaerops humilis L. an unsuitable host for Rhynchophorus ferrugineus?

Author

Chiara Ferracini, Laura Grauso, Lindsay Karen Hernández Nova, Virginia Lanzotti, Enrico Busato, Paolo Curir, Fernando Monroy, Monroy, F., Curir, P., Lanzotti, V., Grauso, L., Busato, E., Nova, L. K. H., and Ferracini, C.

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Toxicity, biology, Host (biology), Catechin, Red palm weevil, biology.organism_classification, Curculionidae, Tree (data structure), chemistry.chemical_compound, Rhynchophorus, Chamaerops, chemistry, Insect Science, Botany, Exotic insect pest, Palm resistance, Palm
Abstract

The Red Palm Weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an insect pest native to Southeast Asia, which has become the major threat to palms in the Mediterranean Basin, mainly due to the movement of infested planting material. In case of infestation, the exotic weevil is difficult to control effectively and host plants often die. Chamaerops humilis (Arecales: Arecaceae) palms are reported as resistant to RPW, but little is known about the chemical basis of this resistance and about the identity of the endogenous metabolites that may be involved. In the present study, we focused on the potential toxic effect of catechin against RPW larvae. In laboratory bioassays, purified catechin from C. humilis leaves was provided to two-and five-week old RPW larvae at three different concentrations. We found that catechin can impair the survival of RPW, causing toxicity at concentrations as low as 0.03 mg g-1. Larval mortality was concentra-tion-dependent, and furthermore larval age influenced the effect of catechin, older larvae being more susceptible than younger ones. The observed toxicity of catechin on RPW larvae agrees with the hypothesis that this compound contributes to C. humilis being an unsuitable host for this insect pest.

Published
2021

29. Natural enemies of Tuta absoluta in the Mediterranean basin, Europe and South America

Author

Ferracini, Chiara, Bueno, Vanda H. &nbsp, Dindo, Maria Luisa, Ingegno, Barbara L., Luna, María G., Salas Gervassio, Nadia G., Sánchez, Norma E., Siscaro, Gaetano, van Lenteren, Joop C., Zappalà, Lucia, Tavella, Luciana, and Ferracini C., Bueno V.H.P., Dindo M.L., Ingegno B.L., Luna M.G., Salas Gervassio N.G., Sánchez, N.E., Siscaro G., van Lenteren J.C., Zappalà L., Tavella L.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, invasive pest, INVASIVE PEST, conservation biological control, Tomato leafminer, Biological pest control, AUGMENTATIVE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, TOMATO LEAFMINER, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Horticultura, Viticultura, Invasive species, Ciencias Biológicas, Lepidoptera genitalia, NATURAL ENEMY, Laboratory of Entomology, GTB Bedrijfsbureau, biology, Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etología, Gelechiidae, biology.organism_classification, PE&RC, Laboratorium voor Entomologie, 010602 entomology, Horticulture, augmentative biological control, natural enemy, Agronomy and Crop Science, Insect Science, CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS, CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, Tuta absoluta, Solanum, Agricultura, Silvicultura y Pesca, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) represents a global threat to commercial tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) production, both in open field and greenhouse. Native to South America, it spread over the Mediterranean Basin, Europe, Africa and part of Asia in only 12 years, and currently it is reported in over 80 countries. Biological control is one of the options for its control and a large number of natural enemies has been reported in association with the pest, both in the areas of origin and of introduction. The egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum, in South America, and the mirid predators Macrolophus pygmaeus and Nesidiocoris tenuis, in Europe and the Mediterranean basin, are used as commercial biocontrol agents. Even if several natural enemies might be promising candidates for biocontrol, their potential role in quantitative pest reduction has been seldom established under practical tomato production conditions. Since climatic suitability indices predict a high probability for continued invasion by T. absoluta, mainly in China and the USA, there is an urgent need for new control options. In order to minimise the use of broad spectrum insecticides, biocontrol techniques should be considered. As tomato is produced seasonally, augmentative biocontrol seems to be the most effective control option, but pest reduction might be optimised by adding conservation biocontrol, and by combining biocontrol within IPM programmes. Here, an overview of predators and parasitoids of T. absoluta in South American and Euro-Mediterranean regions, and their biological control efficacy under laboratory, semi-field and field conditions is provided. Fil: Ferracini, Chiara. Università di Torino; Italia Fil: Bueno Vanda H. P.. Universidad Federal de Lavras; Brasil Fil: Dindo, María Luisa. Universidad de Bologna; Italia Fil: Ingegno, Bárbara L.. Università di Torino; Italia Fil: Luna, María Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Antonio de Areco; Argentina Fil: Salas Gervassio, Nadia Gisela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Antonio de Areco; Argentina Fil: Sanchez, Norma Elba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina Fil: Siscaro, Gaetano. Università Degli Studi Di Catania; Italia Fil: Van Lenteren, Joop C.. University of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos. Universidad Federal de Lavras; Brasil Fil: Zappalà, Lucia. Università Degli Studi Di Catania; Italia Fil: Tavella, Luciana. Università di Torino; Italia

Published
2019

30. Molecular species delimitation of the Asian chestnut gall wasp biocontrol agent released in Italy

Author

Elena Gonella, Matteo Montagna, Giulia Magoga, Ester Ferrari, Valeria Mereghetti, Chiara Ferracini, Alberto Alma, Marianna Pontini, Montagna, M., Gonella, E., Mereghetti, V., Magoga, G., Ferrari, E., Pontini, M., Ferracini, C., and Alma, A.

Subjects
Entomology, Ecology, biology, Ecotype, Torymus sinensi, Biological pest control, Zoology, Gall wasp, biology.organism_classification, Coalescent theory, Dryocosmus kuriphilus, Taxon, Dryocosmus kuriphilu, Insect Science, Classical biological control, Torymus beneficu, Wolbachia, molecular taxonomy, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Molecular species recognition and identification, based on the mitochondrial cox1 and on the nuclear ITS2, were performed on individuals of Torymus sinensis collected in Italy, on its close relative T. beneficus and on native torymids. The automatic-gap-discovery (ABGD) analyses correctly separate almost all morphospecies. On the basis of cox1, individuals of late-spring T. beneficus clustered with T. sinensis, and those identified as early-spring T. beneficus were recognized as a separate entity. Whereas, T. beneficus ecotypes clustered with T. sinensis on the basis of ITS2. Coalescent tree-based methods confirmed these results. The cox1-based recognition of early-spring T. beneficus as a separate phylospecies led us to conclude that this taxon deserves to be treated as a valid species, whereas individuals identified as late-spring T. beneficus might be considered as part of T. sinensis. Morphological identification and BLAST analyses confirmed that no T. beneficus was imported into Italy to control Dryocosmus kuriphilus.

Published
2019

31. Acceptance and suitability ofCacyreus marshalli(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) as host for three indigenous parasitoids

Author

Maria Luisa Dindo, Ambra Quacchia, Alberto Alma, Elisa Marchetti, Santolo Francati, Chiara Ferracini, Dindo M.L., Francati S., Marchetti E., Ferracini C., Quacchia A., and Alma A.

Subjects
Brachymeria, biology, Ecology, Host (biology), Biological pest control, Lycaenidae, Brachymeria tibiali, Trichogramma brassicae, biology.organism_classification, Parasitoid, Lepidoptera genitalia, Exorista larvarum, Insect Science, native natural enemie, Cacyreus marshalli, Agronomy and Crop Science, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
Abstract

Laboratory tests were conducted in Italy to evaluate the acceptance and suitability of the alien butterfly Cacyreus marshalli Butler as host for three indigenous parasitoids, Trichogramma brassicae (Bezdenko), Exorista larvarum (L.) and Brachymeria tibialis (Walker). Only E. larvarum and B. tibialis showed potential to adapt to C. marshalli. Their contribution to biological control appeared to be especially related to host mortality due to incomplete parasitoid development.

Published
2013
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32. Biological control of the chestnut gall wasp with T. sinensis: A mathematical model

Author

Alberto Alma, Francesco Paparella, Chiara Ferracini, Alessandro Portaluri, Alberto Manzo, Paparella, F., Ferracini, C., Portaluri, A., Manzo, A., and Alma, A.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Range (biology), Ecology, Host-parasitoid, Ecological Modeling, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Biological pest control, Gall wasp, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Competition (biology), Parasitoid, 010602 entomology, Dryocosmus kuriphilus, Dryocosmus kuriphilu, Biological control, Torymus sinensis, PEST analysis, Reaction-diffusion equation, education, 010606 plant biology & botany, media_common
Abstract

The Asian chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus , native of China, has become a pest when it appeared in Japan, Korea, and the United States. In Europe it was first found in Italy, in 2002. In 1982 the host-specific parasitoid Torymus sinensis was introduced in Japan, in an attempt to achieve a biological control of the pest. After an apparent initial success, the two species seem to have locked in predator–prey cycles of decadal length. We have developed a spatially explicit mathematical model that describes the seasonal time evolution of the adult insect populations, and the competition for finding egg deposition sites. In a spatially homogeneous situation the model reduces to an iterated map for the egg density of the two species. While, for realistic parameters, the map would support the hypothesis of biological control, the full model, in the same parameter range, does not give such a clear-cut answer. In particular, according to the spatially explicit model, the introduction of T. sinensis would spark a traveling wave of the parasitoid population that destroys the pest on its passage. Then, depending on the value of the diffusion coefficients of the two species, the pest may later be able to re-colonize the empty area left behind the wave. When this occurs the two populations do not seem to attain a state of spatial homogeneity, but produce an ever-changing pattern of traveling waves.

Published
2016

33. Morphological characterization of the antenna of Torymus sinensis (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) and a comparison within the superfamily Chalcidoidea.

Author

Pezzi M, Munari C, Mistri M, Scapoli C, Chicca M, Leis M, Scieuzo C, Franco A, Salvia R, Ferracini C, Alma A, Falabella P, Curci D, and Bonacci T

Subjects
Female, Male, Animals, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Sensilla anatomy & histology, Cell Membrane, Sex Characteristics, Arthropod Antennae, Hymenoptera
Abstract

The parasitoid Torymus sinensis (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) has been successfully used in Italy since 2005 for biological control of the invasive cynipid Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), highly destructive for the economically relevant Castanea sativa (Fagales: Fagaceae). In order to investigate the morphological aspects related to sensorial behavior, a fine morphology study of the antennae and their sensilla was conducted by scanning electron microscopy on both sexes of T. sinensis. The antennae, composed of a scape, a pedicel and a flagellum with ten flagellomeres, had chaetic sensilla of six subtypes, placoid sensilla of three subtypes, trichoid sensilla, sensilla with a roundish grooved tip, and coeloconic sensilla. The chaetic sensilla of the first three subtypes were found in the scape and in the pedicel, and those of the last three subtypes, together with trichoid, roundish grooved tip and coeloconic sensilla, were found only on flagellomeres. Sexual dimorphism was detected in the morphology of the proper pedicel and the flagellum, and in the presence and distribution of the sensilla and their subtypes. The morphological aspects of the antenna of T. sinensis and of its sensilla were compared with those found in the family Torymidae and in other families of the extremely diverse superfamily Chalcidoidea., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing interest None., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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34. Assessment of Chestnut Gall Toughness: Implications for a Biocontrol Agent.

Author

Ferracini C, Pogolotti C, Giacosa S, Fontana EV, Rolle L, and Alma A

Abstract

(1) Torymus sinensis , the biocontrol agent of the Asian chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus , is univoltine, but in NW Italy a small percentage of individuals exhibits a prolonged diapause, mainly as late instar larva. (2) In 2020, the diapause was investigated to evaluate its trend over the years. Due to the low survival rate of diapausing T. sinensis adults, the seasonal variation in the galls' toughness was evaluated, thus assuming that dry galls over time can negatively affect emergence. The window of vulnerability of the gall wasp galls was also evaluated in controlled conditions. (3) The results showed that the average number of second year T. sinensis emerging per 100 cells was 0.41 ± 0.05, and dead adults accounted for 4.1 ± 0.23 per 100 cells. Gall toughness resulted in lower values for galls collected in May and June, and then gradually increased over time. In general, no difference was detected in the wall toughness of galls formed during the previous year when compared to current-year dry galls. Oviposition was recorded on all the tested galls collected in May and June, and no difference in the number of oviposition events was detected. Conversely, no oviposition was observed in July. Comparing the number of oviposition events by T. sinensis and the gall toughness, a negative correlation was found (R 2 = -0.99). (4) The present findings contribute descriptive information on this gall's structural traits, and the influence on gall wasp management is also discussed.

Published
2022
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35. Pheromone-Mediated Mating Disruption as Management Option for Cydia spp. in Chestnut Orchard.

Author

Ferracini C, Pogolotti C, Rama F, Lentini G, Saitta V, Mereghetti P, Mancardi P, and Alma A

Abstract

(1) Background: Pheromone-based devices are successfully used to control insect pests in agriculture. (2) Methods: Investigations were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mating disruption (MD) to control the chestnut tortrix moths, Cydia fagiglandana and Cydia splendana . Surveys were performed in northern Italy in 2019-2020. MD was carried out using the pheromone dispenser Ecodian ® CT. The effectiveness of MD was assessed by recording male adult catches in pheromone-baited sticky traps and larvae in chestnut fruits, comparing MD and control plots. (3) Results: The total number of trapped males was significantly lower in MD plots than in control ones, for all sites and years. Trap catch suppression in MD plots averaged 89.5% and 93.8% for C. fagiglandana and 57.4% and 81% for C. splendana in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The larval infestation rate in fruits did not vary between plots except for one site where a reduction of about 71% in the MD plot was recorded in 2019. (4) Conclusions: Low catches in MD plots turned out to be a good measure of the effectiveness of communication disruption, but no satisfactory data have been obtained regarding fruit infestation, highlighting how the reduction of male catches cannot always be considered as a reliable indicator of successful control. Specific investigations about background population density, dispersal and mating/oviposition behavior are thus essential for a viable management strategy.

Published
2021
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36. A Qualitative Analysis of Beekeepers' Perceptions and Farm Management Adaptations to the Impact of Climate Change on Honey Bees.

Author

Vercelli M, Novelli S, Ferrazzi P, Lentini G, and Ferracini C

Abstract

(1) Background: Bees are the primary animal pollinators in most ecosystems, and honey bees ( Apis mellifera L.) are important providers of pollination ecosystem services and products. Climate change is one of the major threats for honey bees. (2) Objectives and methods: Qualitative research using focus group discussions was carried out in northwestern Italy, to investigate the beekeepers' perceptions of climate change effects, the relevant management adaptations, and the main issues affecting the sector. (3) Results: Beekeepers reported several consequences related to severe weather events (weakening or loss of colonies; scarcity of nectar, pollen, and honeydew; decrease or lack of honey and other bee products; greater infestation by varroa; decline in pollination), making it necessary to provide supplemental sugar feeding, intensive transhumance, more effective and sustainable techniques for varroa control, and increased production of nuclei. A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis was completed, displaying the factors able to strengthen or weaken the resilience of the beekeeping sector to climate change. (4) Conclusions: Thanks to their strong motivation and collaborative attitude, beekeepers succeed in adopting farm and bee hive adaptation strategies that are able to limit the climatic adverse effects. However, these findings highlight how the institutional and financial support for the beekeeping sector should be strengthened and better targeted.

Published
2021
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37. An integrated transcriptomic and proteomic approach to identify the main Torymus sinensis venom components.

Author

Scieuzo C, Salvia R, Franco A, Pezzi M, Cozzolino F, Chicca M, Scapoli C, Vogel H, Monti M, Ferracini C, Pucci P, Alma A, and Falabella P

Subjects
Animals, Deoxyribonucleases classification, Deoxyribonucleases isolation & purification, Deoxyribonucleases metabolism, Esterases classification, Esterases isolation & purification, Esterases metabolism, Gene Ontology, Insect Proteins classification, Insect Proteins isolation & purification, Insect Proteins metabolism, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Oviposition physiology, Peptide Hydrolases classification, Peptide Hydrolases isolation & purification, Peptide Hydrolases metabolism, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases classification, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases isolation & purification, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases metabolism, Protease Inhibitors classification, Protease Inhibitors isolation & purification, Protease Inhibitors metabolism, Proteome classification, Proteome isolation & purification, Proteome metabolism, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Transcriptome, Wasp Venoms toxicity, Wasps chemistry, Wasps pathogenicity, Wasps physiology, Deoxyribonucleases genetics, Esterases genetics, Insect Proteins genetics, Peptide Hydrolases genetics, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases genetics, Proteome genetics, Wasp Venoms chemistry
Abstract

During oviposition, ectoparasitoid wasps not only inject their eggs but also a complex mixture of proteins and peptides (venom) in order to regulate the host physiology to benefit their progeny. Although several endoparasitoid venom proteins have been identified, little is known about the components of ectoparasitoid venom. To characterize the protein composition of Torymus sinensis Kamijo (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) venom, we used an integrated transcriptomic and proteomic approach and identified 143 venom proteins. Moreover, focusing on venom gland transcriptome, we selected additional 52 transcripts encoding putative venom proteins. As in other parasitoid venoms, hydrolases, including proteases, phosphatases, esterases, and nucleases, constitute the most abundant families in T. sinensis venom, followed by protease inhibitors. These proteins are potentially involved in the complex parasitic syndrome, with different effects on the immune system, physiological processes and development of the host, and contribute to provide nutrients to the parasitoid progeny. Although additional in vivo studies are needed, initial findings offer important information about venom factors and their putative host effects, which are essential to ensure the success of parasitism.

Published
2021
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38. Performance of Pheromone-Baited Traps to Monitor the Seasonal Abundance of Tortrix Moths in Chestnut Groves.

Author

Ferracini C, Pogolotti C, Lentini G, Saitta V, Busato E, Rama F, and Alma A

Abstract

(1) Background : Pammene fasciana (L.), Cydia fagiglandana (Zeller), and C. splendana (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are considered key moth pests of chestnut in Europe. (2) Methods : Investigations were performed in 2018-2019 in northern Italy. Sticky traps and commercially available pheromones were used for monitoring; moreover, two experimental pheromone blends were tested. All specimens were identified according to male genitalia and molecular analyses. Newly formed chestnut husks and fruits were randomly collected to evaluate the presence of larvae and/or feeding damage, by comparing it to trap catches. (3) Results : P. fasciana was present in all the sites, whereas Cydia species were recorded in three sites of six, with differences in abundance related to pheromone blends studied. Several non-target species, such as Oegoconia novimundi (Busck) and Cydia ilipulana (Walsingham), were present. Data about the seasonal flight activity are provided. (4) Conclusions : This research contributes to ascertaining the presence and abundance of tortrix moths in Italian chestnut groves, and the presence of non-target species highlights the risk of overestimating catches. Fruit damage recorded did not always reflect catches made by pheromone traps, suggesting that monitoring may underestimate the real size of moths' populations. All of the data acquired are important for planning specific control measures.

Published
2020
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39. Adaptation of indigenous larval parasitoids to Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Italy.

Author

Ferracini C, Ingegno BL, Navone P, Ferrari E, Mosti M, Tavella L, and Alma A

Subjects
Animals, Female, Introduced Species, Italy, Larva parasitology, Male, Pest Control, Biological, Adaptation, Biological, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Solanum lycopersicum parasitology, Moths parasitology, Wasps physiology
Abstract

Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a serious threat to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crops in South America. In Europe, after its first detection in Spain in 2006, it rapidly spread through the Mediterranean basin, reaching Italy 2 yr later. The aim of our work was to find indigenous effective biological control agents and to evaluate their potential role in the control of larval populations of T. absoluta in controlled conditions. Nine species of larval parasitoids emerged from field-collected tomato leaves infested by T. absoluta. The most abundant, Necremnus near artynes (Walker) and Necremnus near tidius (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), were tested in laboratory parasitism trials. Furthermore, because the species N. artynes and N. tidius are each reported in literature as an ectoparasitoid of Cosmopterix pulchrimella Chambers (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) on upright pellitory plants, olfactometer bioassays were performed to assess the response of our parasitoids to the odors of tomato and pellitory leaves infested by T absoluta and C. pulchrimella, respectively, compared with healthy ones. Both Necremnus species showed good adaptation to the invasive pest, and we observed a high larval mortality of T. absoluta because of host feeding and parasitism. Even olfactory responses highlighted a preference of both wasps for tomato plants infested by the exotic pest. These preliminary results demonstrated a high suitability of these indigenous natural enemies for controlling T. absoluta. Further investigations are needed to confirm their role as potential biological agents in commercial tomato plantations.

Published
2012
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40. Aesculus pavia foliar saponins: defensive role against the leafminer Cameraria ohridella.

Author

Ferracini C, Curir P, Dolci M, Lanzotti V, and Alma A

Subjects
Aesculus anatomy & histology, Aesculus genetics, Animals, Biological Products analysis, Biological Products pharmacology, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Genotype, Larva drug effects, Phenotype, Saponins analysis, Aesculus chemistry, Aesculus physiology, Moths drug effects, Plant Leaves chemistry, Saponins pharmacology
Abstract

Background: Recently, the leafminer Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic has caused heavy damage to the white-flowering horse chestnut in Europe. Among the Aesculus genus, A. pavia L. HBT genotype, characterised by red flowers, showed an atypical resistance towards this pest. Its leaves, shaken in water, originated a dense foam, indicating the presence of saponins, unlike the common horse chestnut tree. The aim was to isolate and identify these leaf saponins and test their possible defensive role against C. ohridella., Results: Spectroscopic analyses showed that A. pavia HBT genotype leaves contained a mixture of saponins, four of which were based on the same structure as commercial escin saponins, the typical saponin mixture produced by A. hippocastanum and accumulated only within bark and fruit tissues. The mixture showed a repellent effect on C. ohridella moth. The number of mines detected on the leaves of A. hippocastanum plants treated with A. pavia HBT saponins through watering and stem brushing was significantly lower than the control, and in many cases no mines were ever observed., Conclusion: The results showed that the exogenous saponins were translocated from roots/stem to the leaf tissues, and their accumulation seemed to ensure an appreciable degree of protection against the leafminer., (Copyright (c) 2010 Society of Chemical Industry.)

Published
2010
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41. Sequential sampling plan for Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on horse chestnut tree.

Author

Ferracini C and Alma A

Subjects
Animals, Plant Leaves parasitology, Aesculus parasitology, Moths physiology, Plant Diseases parasitology, Research Design
Abstract

A fixed precision sequential sampling plan for estimating the density of the horse chestnut, Aesculus hippocastanum L., leafminer Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) was developed. Data were collected from 2002 to 2004 in Turin, northwestern Italy, with the aim of developing a sampling strategy for estimating populations of C. ohridella mines. Taylor's power law was used as a regression model. Sampling parameters were estimated from 216 data sets, and an additional 110 independent data sets were used to validate the fixed precision sequential sampling plan with resampling software. Covariance analysis indicated that there were not significant differences in the coefficient of Taylor's power law between heights of the foliage, months, and years. Dispersion patterns of C. ohridella were determined to be aggregated. The parameters of the Taylor's power law were used to calculate minimum sample sizes and sampling stop lines for different precision levels. Considering a mean density value of five mines per leaf, an average sample number of only 49 leaves was necessary to achieve a desired precision level of 0.25. As the precision level was increased to 0.10, the average sample size increased to 303 leaves. The sequential sampling plan should provide an effective management of C. ohridella in the urban areas, minimizing sampling time and cost, and at the same should be an effective tool to reduce insecticide applications and prevent the esthetic damage.

Published
2007
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42. Evaluation of the community of native eulophid parasitoids on Cameraria ohridella Deschka and Dimic in urban areas.

Author

Ferracini C and Alma A

Subjects
Animals, Host-Parasite Interactions, Italy, Larva parasitology, Larva physiology, Moths physiology, Time Factors, Urbanization, Aesculus parasitology, Ecosystem, Moths parasitology, Wasps physiology
Abstract

The parasitoid complex associated with the exotic leafminer Cameraria ohridella Deschka and Dimic (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), which attacks horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), was studied in the urban environment of Turin (northern Italy). The studies were carried out over 5 yr after the first detection of the pest in our region in 1999. To evaluate parasitism, 438,029 leaf mines were examined over the 5-yr period, of which 29,033 were found to be parasitized (6.6%). Also, ornamental broadleaf trees attacked by other native gracillariid leafminers and located in the proximity of the target horse chestnut trees were sampled. A total of 11 parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were recorded on C. ohridella, and the most common species were Minotetrastichus frontalis (Nees), Closterocerus trifasciatus Westwood, and Pnigalio agraules (Walker). The first species accounted for >77.5% of all parasitoids collected. Cirrospilus talitzkii Boucek was found for the first time in 2005. The high population level of the pest and the low parasitism rate show that the parasitoid complex is currently inadequate to contain C. ohridella populations effectively. The most frequent parasitoids of the moth were also found on the most common broadleaf trees in the studied area, showing how native leafminer parasitoid species are able to switch to other hosts. These results show that both native and broadleaf plants species may potentially provide an important reservoir of parasitic wasps to help protect a simple biotope, such as the urban environment, from pests.

Published
2007
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43. Echocardiographic evaluation of right heart responses to sublingual nifedipine in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Author

Gullace G, Mancini R, Ravizza P, Locatelli V, Addamiano P, Ferracini C, Gerosa C, Bana G, Savoia MT, and Knippel M

Subjects
Administration, Sublingual, Adult, Blood Pressure drug effects, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated physiopathology, Coronary Circulation drug effects, Female, Heart Ventricles drug effects, Heart Ventricles physiopathology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nifedipine administration & dosage, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated drug therapy, Echocardiography, Nifedipine pharmacology, Pulmonary Circulation drug effects
Abstract

Twelve patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were studied in order to evaluate whether the favourable effect of Nifedipine on the right heart is due to a direct action of the drug on pulmonary resistances or is related to an improvement of left ventricular function. Echocardiographic examination of left and right heart was performed at basic conditions, after Nifedipine treatment--20 mg sublingually--and after 20 minutes of oxygen breathing (FiO2 75%). This was done in order to verify if oxygen vasodilating action could potentiate the Nifedipine effect. Echocardiographic date were obtained in basic conditions, 10, 20 and 30 minutes after Nifedipine and immediately after oxygen breathing. Ten normal subjects were used for comparison for basic data. Peak Nifedipine activity was observed 10 minutes after administration. At this time inferior vena cava emptying index and systolic pulsation were significantly increased, whereas left and right ventricle isometric contraction time, left and right ventricle ejection time, left and right ventricle isovolumetric relaxation time, end-diastolic left ventricular diameter, inferior vena cava diameters and systolic blood pressure had decreased, thus showing the favourable effect of Nifedipine of both heart sides. Heart rate did not significantly change. Oxygen inhalation induced a significant decrease of right ventricular isovolumetric relaxation and an increase of the inferior vena cava indexes, suggesting an improvement in right heart function, without any change in other parameters. No significant difference was found between data after-oxygen and data obtained 10' after Nifedipine, showing that the Nifedipine effect was not potentiated by oxygen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1987

44. [Neurogenic pulmonary edema. Description of a case occurring after an epileptic crisis].

Author

Piatti L, Locatelli V, Ferracini C, and Sozzi G

Subjects
Adult, Female, Humans, Pulmonary Edema diagnostic imaging, Radiography, Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic complications, Pulmonary Edema etiology
Abstract

A 34-year-old woman without heart disease had an acute pulmonary edema after a grand mal seizure. Neurogenic pulmonary edema is characterized by the primary role played by the central nervous system in its pathogenesis, usually in the absence of cardiopulmonary disease. We believe that the initiating mechanism was a marked, although brief, generalized vasoconstriction, followed by a shift of blood from the peripheral vascular bed to the pulmonary vascular bed. We stress the need of treating the underlying neurologic disease as the only regional way of preventing the recurrence of pulmonary edema.

Published
1984

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