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Thyroidectomy appears to reduce the serotonin content in the rat brain, whereas hyperthyroidism has the opposite effect. As it is not known whether the serotonin-producing cells of the gastrointestinal tract are influenced by these conditions, the effects of thyroparathyroidectomy and induced hyperthyroidism were studied experimentally, particularly as regards the serotonin- and gastrin-immunoreactive cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Immunocytochemical and quantification techniques were used to localize and determine the numbers of serotonin and gastrin cells. In thyroparathyroidectomized rats the intestine was significantly shorter and the mucosa thinner than in sham-operated and untreated controls, whereas the converse was found in the hyperthyroid rats. Following thyroparathyroidectomy, there were fewer gastrin-immunoreactive cells in antrum and the serotonin-immunoreactive cells were significantly less dense throughout the gastrointestinal tract. In hyperthyroid rats, gastrin-immunoreactive cells were more numerous, as were the serotonin-immunoreactive cells in the small intestine, whereas these cells were fewer in antrum and caecum. In conclusion, the thyroid gland exerts a significant influence on the gastrointestinal tract and on the serotonin-and gastrin-immunoreactive cells. The observed alterations may reflect a direct effect of the thyroid hormones, although indirect factors must also be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of bilateral adrenalectomy on the serotonin-, somatostatin-, and gastrin-immunoreactive cells in the rat gastrointestinal tract were studied four weeks after surgery. Body weight was reduced and the small intestine shorter in adrenalectomized animals compared with controls, while no changes were found in the histology of the mucosa. In the adrenalectomized animals the number of serotonin-immunoreactive cells was increased in the cecum and large intestine, while the somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were decreased in number in the antrum and increased in the corpus, cecum, and large intestine. The gastrin-immunoreactive cells in the antrum were not affected in number, but their nuclear size was enlarged, possibly indicating increased cellular activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manajemen anestesi untuk pasien hamil untuk operasi non-obstetrik jarang dilakukan, dan menimbulkan sejumlah tantangan bagi spesialis anestesiologi karena manajemen anestesi harus mempertimbangkan kehidupan ibu dan janin. Pertimbangan anestesi untuk wanita hamil dengan operasi non obstetri meliputi perubahan kardiovaskular dan hematologi, sistem respiratori, sistem gastrointestinal, dan sistem saraf pusat serta perifer serta pada kasus ini adalah posisi yang ekstrim. Seorang wanita berusia 26 tahun dengan sindroma kauda equina e.c. SOL ekstramedula intradural dengan G3P2A0 gravida 25‒26 minggu yang dilakukan tindakan laminektomi pengangkatan tumor dalam anestesi umum dengan posisi miring kekiri. Operasi dapat dilaksanakan tanpa adanya komplikasi, pascaoperasi baik ibu maupun janin dalam keadaan sehat. Keberhasilan manajemen anestesi pada operasi non-obstetrik selama kehamilan tergantung kepada kerjasama multidisiplin, penilaian preoperatif yang komprehensif, perhatian terhadap fisiologi maternal dan fetus, serta perawatan suportif periode postoperatif. Mempertahankan stabilitas maternal, waktu optimal melakukan tindakan, dan pemilihan obat serta teknik anestesi yang tepat merupakan hal yang sangat penting diperhatikan untuk keamanan ibu dan fetus. Anesthesia Management of Pregnant Patient with Cauda Equine Syndrome e.c. Extramedulary Intradural SOL Anesthesia management for non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy is relatively uncommon and challenges the anesthesiologist since anesthesia management must consider both mother and fetal safety. Anesthesia management for non-obstetric pregnant women is considered covering difference in cardiovascular and hematologic changes, respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, and in this case extreme position for operation. For this case, a 26 year old woman with Cauda Equina Syndrome e.c. Extramedullary Intradural SOL with G3P2A0 25‒26 weeks pregnancy underwent Laminectomy for Tumor Removal under general anesthesia. The surgery was preceded without any complication, both mother and fetal recovered uneventfully. The successful of anesthesia management for non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy depends on multidisciplines coordination, comprehensive preoperative management, careful monitoring on maternal and fetal physiology, and supportive postoperative care. Maintaining maternal stability, determination of the optimal time for surgery, and selection of proper medication and anesthesia technique are the most important things to be considered for mother and fetal safety.

Emotional intelligence (EI) and stress are constructs that often characterize the teaching profession and are inversely related. There is evidence in the literature that suggests the importance of teachers working on EI in order to learn coping strategies and improve their teaching practices. This descriptive and correlational study had the purpose of examining the social-emotional profile of future teachers based on their EI and academic stress levels in order to provide guidance for future stressful situations that will affect their future professional development. For this purpose, we used a random sampling for convenience in a university population enrolled in degrees of education at Andalusian universities (Spain), getting a sample of 1020 pre-service teachers. The results pointed to a superiority in EI, academic stress, and academic achievement in favor of females compared to males. The relationship among EI, academic stress, and student teachers' achievement was demonstrated. Furthermore, some components of EI were positioned as important factors to improve student achievement and reduce academic stress. Once the high incidence of these constructs on academic achievement was confirmed, the importance of developing EI and coping and stress skills training programs, aimed at improving academic success and their subsequent professional development, was demonstrated.

Background: Graft thrombosis due to fabric delamination is a rare cause of delayed failure of arteriovenous grafts. Graft delamination is primarily an imaging diagnosis and is confirmed with the help of ultrasound which shows the separation of graft fabric layers. Only two such cases have been described in the literature so far., Case Presentation: We present a case of upper extremity arteriovenous graft thrombosis in a 79 year old COVID-19 positive patient with end-stage renal disease. The diagnosis was established on ultrasonography which revealed separation of the graft fabric layers with thrombosis within the "false" and "true" lumen of the graft. The patient was managed with angioplasty and embolectomy of the clot material followed by stent-graft placement across the delaminated portion of the graft. Post-procedural angiography confirmed brisk flow across the graft and patient could successfully have subsequent hemodialysis sessions., Conclusions: Identification of graft delamination as a cause of graft failure is important as its management differs from other conventional causes since it requires stent-grafts to cover the area of delamination to re-establish flow and salvage the AV graft. The recognition of this phenomenon is essential to provide quality care and successful reuse of the AV graft., Level of Evidence: Level 4, Case Report.

Background: Radiofrequency (RF) wire recanalization of short segments of central venous obstruction has been considered safe; however its use for recanalization of long segments of inferior vena cava (IVC) has not been reported., Case Presentation: A 55-year-old female with recurrent massive hematemesis was found to have systemic venous upper esophageal varices on endoscopy and an extensive chronic IVC occlusion on CT. Using both a percutaneous transhepatic and transfemoral approach IVC recanalization was performed. A snare was advanced to the cavo-atrial junction via transhepatic venous access. From the groin utilizing RF wire steerable guide sheaths, endovascular reconstruction of the IVC was performed. Post recanalization venography demonstrated patent stented IVC and marked decrease in the intraabdominal-pelvic collaterals. No recurrence of hematemesis was noted. After 6 months, patient remained asymptomatic and had functioning right femoral arteriovenous hemodialysis graft., Conclusions: Using appropriate techniques, Power wire recanalization of long occlusive segments of IVC can be safe and effective., Competing Interests: IRB approval is not needed for this type of submission at our institution.IRB approval not needed for this type of submission at our institution.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Background: The utilization of imaging procedures is under scrutiny due to high costs and radiation exposure to patients and staff associated with some radiologic procedures. Within our institution's intensive care unit (ICU), it is common for patients to undergo chest radiography (CR) not only immediately following tracheostomy tube placement but also on a daily basis, irrespective of the patient's clinical status. We hypothesize that the clinical utility of performing routine daily CR on patients with tracheostomy tubes is low and leads to unnecessary financial cost., Methods: A retrospective medical chart review was done on 761 CRs performed on 79 ICU patients with tracheostomy from April 2010 to July 2011. We searched the radiology reports of the 761 CRs for the presence of new radiographically detected complications and reviewed medical records to determine which complications were clinically suspected and which radiology reports led to changes in patient management., Results: Of the 761 CRs, only 18 (2.3%) radiographs revealed new complications. All complications were clinically suspected prior to imaging. Only 5 (0.7%) complications resulted in a management change. The most common management changes were a change in antibiotic regimen (0.3%) and ordering of diuretics (0.3%)., Conclusions: Routine daily imaging of patients with tracheostomy in an ICU provides little clinical utility, and CR in this population should be performed selectively based on the patient's clinical status., (© The Author(s) 2014.)