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97 results on '"Fernandez-Martinez, M."'

3. Calculating Hausdorff dimension in higher dimensional spaces

Author

Sánchez-Granero, M. A. and Fernández-Martínez, M.

Subjects
Mathematics - Metric Geometry
Abstract

In this paper, we prove the identity $\dim_{\textrm H}(F)=d\cdot \dim_{\textrm H}(\alpha^{-1}(F))$, where $\dim_{\textrm H}$ denotes Hausdorff dimension, $F\subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$, and $\alpha:[0,1]\to [0,1]^d$ is a function whose constructive definition is addressed from the viewpoint of the powerful concept of a fractal structure. Such a result stands particularly from some other results stated in a more general setting. Thus, Hausdorff dimension of higher dimensional subsets can be calculated from Hausdorff dimension of $1-$dimensional subsets of $[0,1]$. As a consequence, Hausdorff dimension becomes available to deal with the effective calculation of the fractal dimension in applications by applying a procedure contributed by the authors in previous works. It is also worth pointing out that our results generalize both Skubalska-Rafaj\l{}owicz and Garc\'{\i}a-Mora-Redtwitz theorems., Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures

Published
2019

6. Irreducible fractal structures for Moran's type theorems

Author

Sánchez-Granero, M. A. and Fernández-Martínez, M.

Subjects
Mathematics - Metric Geometry, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, 28A80
Abstract

In this paper, we characterize a novel separation property for IFS-attractors on complete metric spaces. Such a separation property is weaker than the strong open set condition (SOSC) and becomes necessary to reach the equality between the similarity and the Hausdorff dimensions of strict self-similar sets. We also investigate the size of the overlaps from the viewpoint of that separation property. In addition, we contribute some equivalent conditions to reach the equality between the similarity dimension and a new Hausdorff type dimension for IFS-attractors introduced by the authors in terms of finite coverings., Comment: 15 pages

Published
2017

7. A comparison among some Hurst exponent approaches to predict nascent bubbles in $500$ company stocks

Author

Fernández-Martínez, M., Sánchez-Granero, M. A, Torrecillas, María José Muñoz, and McKelvey, Bill

Subjects
Quantitative Finance - Statistical Finance, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
Abstract

In this paper, three approaches to calculate the self-similarity exponent of a time series are compared in order to determine which one performs best to identify the transition from random efficient market behavior (EM) to herding behavior (HB) and hence, to find out the beginning of a market bubble. In particular, classical Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA), Generalized Hurst Exponent (GHE) and GM2 (one of Geometric Method-based algorithms) were applied for self-similarity exponent calculation purposes. Traditionally, researchers have been focused on identifying the beginning of a crash. Instead of this, we are pretty interested in identifying the beginning of the transition process from EM to a market bubble onset, what we consider could be more interesting. The relevance of self-similarity index in such a context lies on the fact that it becomes a suitable indicator which allows to identify the raising of HB in financial markets. Overall, we could state that the greater the self-similarity exponent in financial series, the more likely the transition process to HB could start. This fact is illustrated through actual S\&P500 stocks., Comment: 18 pages

Published
2016
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8. Generalizing Moran's Theorem

Author

Fernández-Martínez, M., Guirao, Juan L. G., and Sánchez-Granero, M. A.

Subjects
Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, 28A80, 54E15
Abstract

This work is aimed by the spirit of 1946 Moran's Theorem, which ensures that both the box and the Hausdorff dimensions for any attractor could be calculated as the solution of an equation involving only its similarity factors. To achieve such result, the open set condition (OSC, herein) is required to be satisfied by the pieces of the attractor in order to guarantee that they do not overlap too much. In this paper, we generalize the classical Moran's through a fractal dimension model which allows to obtain the fractal dimension of any IFS-attractor equipped with its natural fractal structure without requiring the OSC to be satisfied., Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1510.03402

Published
2016

10. Optimal sampling patterns for Zernike polynomials

Author

Ramos-Lopez, D., Sanchez-Granero, M. A., Fernandez-Martinez, M., and Martinez-Finkelshtein, A.

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 65D05
Abstract

A pattern of interpolation nodes on the disk is studied, for which the interpolation problem is theoretically unisolvent, and which renders a minimal numerical condition for the collocation matrix when the standard basis of Zernike polynomials is used. It is shown that these nodes have an excellent performance also from several alternative points of view, providing a numerically stable surface reconstruction, starting from both the elevation and the slope data. Sampling at these nodes allows for a more precise recovery of the coefficients in the Zernike expansion of a wavefront or of an optical surface., Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Appl. Math. Comput

Published
2015
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18. Fractal Dimension for Fractal Structures

Author

Fernández-Martínez, M. and Sánchez-Granero, M. A

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Mathematics - General Topology, 28A80 (Primary), 68Q55 (Secondary), 54E35
Abstract

The main goal of this paper has a double purpose. On the one hand, we propose a new definition in order to compute the fractal dimension of a subset respect to any fractal structure, which completes the theory of classical box-counting dimension. Indeed, if we select the so called natural fractal structure on each euclidean space, then we will get the box-counting dimension as a particular case. Recall that box-counting dimension could be calculated over any euclidean space, although it can be defined over any metrizable one. Nevertheless, the new definition we present can be computed on an easy way over any space admitting a fractal structure. Thus, since a space is metrizable if and only if it supports a starbase fractal structure, our model allows to classify and distinguish a much larger number of topological spaces than the classical definition. On the other hand, our aim consists also of studying some applications of effective calculation of the fractal dimension over a kind of contexts where the box-counting dimension has no sense, like the domain of words, which appears when modeling the streams of information in Kahn's parallel computation model. In this way, we show how to calculate and understand the fractal dimension value obtained for a language generated by means of a regular expression, and also we pay attention to an empirical and novel application of fractal dimension to natural languages., Comment: 29 pages, 1 figure

Published
2010

24. Capability of CT aortic regurgitant orifice to predict aortic regurgitation severity with cardiovascular magnetic resonance as reference

Author

Martin L Descalzo, M D, primary, David Vilades Medel, M D, additional, Abdier Vizcarra Tellez, M D, additional, Juan Fernandez Martinez, M D, additional, Sandra Pujadas Olano, M D, additional, Abdel Hakim Moustafa, M D, additional, Lidia Bos Real, M D, additional, Jose Alberto Hidalgo Perez, M D, additional, and Ruben Leta Petracca, M D, additional

Published
2022
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27. The three major axes of terrestrial ecosystem function

Author

Migliavacca, M, Musavi, T, Mahecha, M, Nelson, J, Knauer, J, Baldocchi, D, Perez-Priego, O, Christiansen, R, Peters, J, Anderson, K, Bahn, M, Black, T, Blanken, P, Bonal, D, Buchmann, N, Caldararu, S, Carrara, A, Carvalhais, N, Cescatti, A, Chen, J, Cleverly, J, Cremonese, E, Desai, A, El-Madany, T, Farella, M, Fernandez-Martinez, M, Filippa, G, Forkel, M, Galvagno, M, Gomarasca, U, Gough, C, Gockede, M, Ibrom, A, Ikawa, H, Janssens, I, Jung, M, Kattge, J, Keenan, T, Knohl, A, Kobayashi, H, Kraemer, G, Law, B, Liddell, M, Ma, X, Mammarella, I, Martini, D, Macfarlane, C, Matteucci, G, Montagnani, L, Pabon-Moreno, D, Panigada, C, Papale, D, Pendall, E, Penuelas, J, Phillips, R, Reich, P, Rossini, M, Rotenberg, E, Scott, R, Stahl, C, Weber, U, Wohlfahrt, G, Wolf, S, Wright, I, Yakir, D, Zaehle, S, Reichstein, M, Migliavacca M., Musavi T., Mahecha M. D., Nelson J. A., Knauer J., Baldocchi D. D., Perez-Priego O., Christiansen R., Peters J., Anderson K., Bahn M., Black T. A., Blanken P. D., Bonal D., Buchmann N., Caldararu S., Carrara A., Carvalhais N., Cescatti A., Chen J., Cleverly J., Cremonese E., Desai A. R., El-Madany T. S., Farella M. M., Fernandez-Martinez M., Filippa G., Forkel M., Galvagno M., Gomarasca U., Gough C. M., Gockede M., Ibrom A., Ikawa H., Janssens I. A., Jung M., Kattge J., Keenan T. F., Knohl A., Kobayashi H., Kraemer G., Law B. E., Liddell M. J., Ma X., Mammarella I., Martini D., Macfarlane C., Matteucci G., Montagnani L., Pabon-Moreno D. E., Panigada C., Papale D., Pendall E., Penuelas J., Phillips R. P., Reich P. B., Rossini M., Rotenberg E., Scott R. L., Stahl C., Weber U., Wohlfahrt G., Wolf S., Wright I. J., Yakir D., Zaehle S., Reichstein M., Migliavacca, M, Musavi, T, Mahecha, M, Nelson, J, Knauer, J, Baldocchi, D, Perez-Priego, O, Christiansen, R, Peters, J, Anderson, K, Bahn, M, Black, T, Blanken, P, Bonal, D, Buchmann, N, Caldararu, S, Carrara, A, Carvalhais, N, Cescatti, A, Chen, J, Cleverly, J, Cremonese, E, Desai, A, El-Madany, T, Farella, M, Fernandez-Martinez, M, Filippa, G, Forkel, M, Galvagno, M, Gomarasca, U, Gough, C, Gockede, M, Ibrom, A, Ikawa, H, Janssens, I, Jung, M, Kattge, J, Keenan, T, Knohl, A, Kobayashi, H, Kraemer, G, Law, B, Liddell, M, Ma, X, Mammarella, I, Martini, D, Macfarlane, C, Matteucci, G, Montagnani, L, Pabon-Moreno, D, Panigada, C, Papale, D, Pendall, E, Penuelas, J, Phillips, R, Reich, P, Rossini, M, Rotenberg, E, Scott, R, Stahl, C, Weber, U, Wohlfahrt, G, Wolf, S, Wright, I, Yakir, D, Zaehle, S, Reichstein, M, Migliavacca M., Musavi T., Mahecha M. D., Nelson J. A., Knauer J., Baldocchi D. D., Perez-Priego O., Christiansen R., Peters J., Anderson K., Bahn M., Black T. A., Blanken P. D., Bonal D., Buchmann N., Caldararu S., Carrara A., Carvalhais N., Cescatti A., Chen J., Cleverly J., Cremonese E., Desai A. R., El-Madany T. S., Farella M. M., Fernandez-Martinez M., Filippa G., Forkel M., Galvagno M., Gomarasca U., Gough C. M., Gockede M., Ibrom A., Ikawa H., Janssens I. A., Jung M., Kattge J., Keenan T. F., Knohl A., Kobayashi H., Kraemer G., Law B. E., Liddell M. J., Ma X., Mammarella I., Martini D., Macfarlane C., Matteucci G., Montagnani L., Pabon-Moreno D. E., Panigada C., Papale D., Pendall E., Penuelas J., Phillips R. P., Reich P. B., Rossini M., Rotenberg E., Scott R. L., Stahl C., Weber U., Wohlfahrt G., Wolf S., Wright I. J., Yakir D., Zaehle S., and Reichstein M.

Abstract

The leaf economics spectrum and the global spectrum of plant forms and functions3 revealed fundamental axes of variation in plant traits, which represent different ecological strategies that are shaped by the evolutionary development of plant species. Ecosystem functions depend on environmental conditions and the traits of species that comprise the ecological communities. However, the axes of variation of ecosystem functions are largely unknown, which limits our understanding of how ecosystems respond as a whole to anthropogenic drivers, climate and environmental variability. Here we derive a set of ecosystem functions from a dataset of surface gas exchange measurements across major terrestrial biomes. We find that most of the variability within ecosystem functions (71.8%) is captured by three key axes. The first axis reflects maximum ecosystem productivity and is mostly explained by vegetation structure. The second axis reflects ecosystem water-use strategies and is jointly explained by variation in vegetation height and climate. The third axis, which represents ecosystem carbon-use efficiency, features a gradient related to aridity, and is explained primarily by variation in vegetation structure. We show that two state-of-the-art land surface models reproduce the first and most important axis of ecosystem functions. However, the models tend to simulate more strongly correlated functions than those observed, which limits their ability to accurately predict the full range of responses to environmental changes in carbon, water and energy cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.

Published
2021

35. Predictors of mortality in solid organ transplant recipients with bloodstream infections due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales: The impact of cytomegalovirus disease and lymphopenia

Author

Perez-Nadales, E., Gutierrez-Gutierrez, B., Natera, A. M., Abdala, E., Reina Magalhaes, M., Mularoni, A., Monaco, F., Camera Pierrotti, L., Pinheiro Freire, M., Iyer, R. N., Mehta Steinke, S., Grazia Calvi, E., Tumbarello, M., Falcone, M., Fernandez-Ruiz, M., Costa-Mateo, J. M., Rana, M. M., Mara Varejao Strabelli, T., Paul, M., Carmen Farinas, M., Clemente, W. T., Roilides, E., Munoz, P., Dewispelaere, L., Loeches, B., Lowman, W., Hock Tan, B., Escudero-Sanchez, R., Bodro, M., Antonio Grossi, P., Soldani, F., Gunseren, F., Nestorova, N., Pascual, A., Martinez-Martinez, L., Aguado, J., Rodriguez-Bano, J., Torre-Cisneros, J., Wan Song, A. T., Andraus, W., Carneiro D'Albuquerque, L. A., David-Neto, E., Jota de Paula, F., Rossi, F., Ostrander, D., Avery, R., Rizzi, M., Losito, A. R., Raffaelli, F., Del Giacomo, P., Tiseo, G., Lora-Tamayo, J., San-Juan, R., Gracia-Ahufinger, I., Caston, J., Ruiz, Y. A., Altman, D. R., Campos, S. V., Bar-Sinai, N., Koppel, F., Arnaiz de las Revillas Almajano, F., Gonzalez Rico, C., Fernandez Martinez, M., Mourao, P. H. O., Neves, F. A., Ferreira, J., Pyrpasopoulou, A., Iosifidis, E., Romiopoulos, I., Minero, M. V., Sanchez-Carrillo, C., Lardo, S., Coussement, J., Dodemont, M., Jiayun, K., Martin-Davila, P., Fortun, J., Almela, M., Moreno, A., Linares, L., Gasperina, D. D., Balsamo, M. L., Rovelli, C., Concia, E., Chiesi, S., Salerno, D. N., Ogunc, D., Pilmis, B., Seminari, E. M., Carratala, J., Dominguez, A., Cordero, E., Lepe, J. A., Montejo, M., Merino de Lucas, E., Eriksson, B. M., van Delden, C., Manuel, O., Arslan, H., Kocak Tufan, Z., Kazak, E., David, M., Lease, E., Cornaglia, G., Akova, M., European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Universidad de Cantabria

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Combination therapy, infectious disease, 030230 surgery, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Logistic regression, clinical research/practice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, infection and infectious agents - bacterial, Internal medicine, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Pharmacology (medical), organ transplantation in general, Infection and infectious agents - bacterial, Transplantation, Infectious disease, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Confidence interval, Organ transplantation in general, antibiotic drug resistance, Cohort, Clinical research/practice, Antibiotic drug resistance, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Treatment of carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales bloodstream infections in solid organ transplant recipients is challenging. The objective of this study was to develop a specific score to predict mortality in solid organ transplant recipients with carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales bloodstream infections. A multinational, retrospective (2004‐2016) cohort study (INCREMENT‐SOT, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02852902) was performed. The main outcome variable was 30‐day all‐cause mortality. The INCREMENT‐SOT‐CPE score was developed using logistic regression. The global cohort included 216 patients. The final logistic regression model included the following variables: INCREMENT‐CPE mortality score ≥8 (8 points), no source control (3 points), inappropriate empirical therapy (2 points), cytomegalovirus disease (7 points), lymphopenia (4 points), and the interaction between INCREMENT‐CPE score ≥8 and CMV disease (minus 7 points). This score showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76‐0.88) and classified patients into 3 strata: 0‐7 (low mortality), 8‐11 (high mortality), and 12‐17 (very‐high mortality). We performed a stratified analysis of the effect of monotherapy vs combination therapy among 165 patients who received appropriate therapy. Monotherapy was associated with higher mortality only in the very‐high (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.82, 95% CI 1.13‐7.06, P = .03) and high (HR 9.93, 95% CI 2.08‐47.40, P = .004) mortality risk strata. A score‐based algorithm is provided for therapy guidance., This work was supported by Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013‐2016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases [REIPI RD16/0016/0008; RD16/0016/0001, RD16/0016/0002, RD16/0016/00010] ‐ co‐financed by European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe”, Operative program Intelligent Growth 2014‐2020; ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Compromised Hosts [ESGICH grant to JMA]; Sociedad Andaluza de Trasplante de Órgano Sólido [SATOT grant to LMM]; ESCMID Study Group for Bloodstream Infections and Sepsis (ESGBIS); and ESCMID Study Group for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (ESGARS).

Published
2020

36. Predictors of mortality in solid organ transplant recipients with bloodstream infections due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales : The impact of cytomegalovirus disease and lymphopenia

Author

Perez-Nadales, Elena, Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Belen, Natera, Alejandra M., Abdala, Edson, Magalhaes, Maira Reina, Mularoni, Alessandra, Monaco, Francesco, Pierrotti, Ligia Camera, Freire, Maristela Pinheiro, Iyer, Ranganathan N., Steinke, Seema Mehta, Calvi, Elisa Grazia, Tumbarello, Mario, Falcone, Marco, Fernandez-Ruiz, Mario, Maria Costa-Mateo, Jose, Rana, Meenakshi M., Varejao Strabelli, Tania Mara, Paul, Mical, Carmen Farinas, Maria, Clemente, Wanessa Trindade, Roilides, Emmanuel, Munoz, Patricia, Dewispelaere, Laurent, Loeches, Belen, Lowman, Warren, Tan, Ban Hock, Escudero-Sanchez, Rosa, Bodro, Marta, Grossi, Paolo Antonio, Soldani, Fabio, Gunseren, Filiz, Nestorova, Nina, Pascual, Alvaro, Martinez-Martinez, Luis, Maria Aguado, Jose, Rodriguez-Bano, Jesus, Torre-Cisneros, Julian, Song, A. T. Wan, Andraus, W., Carneiro D'Albuquerque, L. A., David-Neto, E., de Paula, F. Jota, Rossi, F., Ostrander, D., Avery, R., Rizzi, M., Losito, A. R., Raffaelli, F., Del Giacomo, P., Tiseo, G., Lora-Tamayo, J., San-Juan, R., Gracia-Ahufinger, I, Caston, J., Ruiz, Y. A., Altman, D. R., Campos, S. , V, Bar-Sinai, N., Koppel, F., de las Revillas Almajano, F. Arnaiz, Gonzalez Rico, C., Fernandez Martinez, M., Mourao, P. H. O., Neves, F. A., Ferreira, J., Pyrpasopoulou, A., Iosifidis, E., Romiopoulos, I, Minero, M. , V, Sanchez-Carrillo, C., Lardo, S., Coussement, J., Dodemont, M., Jiayun, K., Martin-Davila, P., Fortun, J., Almela, M., Moreno, A., Linares, L., Gasperina, D. D., Balsamo, M. L., Rovelli, C., Concia, E., Chiesi, S., Salerno, D. N., Ogunc, D., Pilmis, B., Seminari, E. M., Carratala, J., Dominguez, A., Cordero, E., Lepe, J. A., Montejo, M., Merino de Lucas, E., Eriksson, Britt-Marie, van Delden, C., Manuel, O., Arslan, H., Tufan, Z. Kocak, Kazak, E., David, M., Lease, E., Cornaglia, G., Akova, M., Perez-Nadales, Elena, Gutierrez-Gutierrez, Belen, Natera, Alejandra M., Abdala, Edson, Magalhaes, Maira Reina, Mularoni, Alessandra, Monaco, Francesco, Pierrotti, Ligia Camera, Freire, Maristela Pinheiro, Iyer, Ranganathan N., Steinke, Seema Mehta, Calvi, Elisa Grazia, Tumbarello, Mario, Falcone, Marco, Fernandez-Ruiz, Mario, Maria Costa-Mateo, Jose, Rana, Meenakshi M., Varejao Strabelli, Tania Mara, Paul, Mical, Carmen Farinas, Maria, Clemente, Wanessa Trindade, Roilides, Emmanuel, Munoz, Patricia, Dewispelaere, Laurent, Loeches, Belen, Lowman, Warren, Tan, Ban Hock, Escudero-Sanchez, Rosa, Bodro, Marta, Grossi, Paolo Antonio, Soldani, Fabio, Gunseren, Filiz, Nestorova, Nina, Pascual, Alvaro, Martinez-Martinez, Luis, Maria Aguado, Jose, Rodriguez-Bano, Jesus, Torre-Cisneros, Julian, Song, A. T. Wan, Andraus, W., Carneiro D'Albuquerque, L. A., David-Neto, E., de Paula, F. Jota, Rossi, F., Ostrander, D., Avery, R., Rizzi, M., Losito, A. R., Raffaelli, F., Del Giacomo, P., Tiseo, G., Lora-Tamayo, J., San-Juan, R., Gracia-Ahufinger, I, Caston, J., Ruiz, Y. A., Altman, D. R., Campos, S. , V, Bar-Sinai, N., Koppel, F., de las Revillas Almajano, F. Arnaiz, Gonzalez Rico, C., Fernandez Martinez, M., Mourao, P. H. O., Neves, F. A., Ferreira, J., Pyrpasopoulou, A., Iosifidis, E., Romiopoulos, I, Minero, M. , V, Sanchez-Carrillo, C., Lardo, S., Coussement, J., Dodemont, M., Jiayun, K., Martin-Davila, P., Fortun, J., Almela, M., Moreno, A., Linares, L., Gasperina, D. D., Balsamo, M. L., Rovelli, C., Concia, E., Chiesi, S., Salerno, D. N., Ogunc, D., Pilmis, B., Seminari, E. M., Carratala, J., Dominguez, A., Cordero, E., Lepe, J. A., Montejo, M., Merino de Lucas, E., Eriksson, Britt-Marie, van Delden, C., Manuel, O., Arslan, H., Tufan, Z. Kocak, Kazak, E., David, M., Lease, E., Cornaglia, G., and Akova, M.

Abstract

Treatment of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales bloodstream infections in solid organ transplant recipients is challenging. The objective of this study was to develop a specific score to predict mortality in solid organ transplant recipients with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales bloodstream infections. A multinational, retrospective (2004-2016) cohort study (INCREMENT-SOT, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02852902) was performed. The main outcome variable was 30-day all-cause mortality. The INCREMENT-SOT-CPE score was developed using logistic regression. The global cohort included 216 patients. The final logistic regression model included the following variables: INCREMENT-CPE mortality score >= 8 (8 points), no source control (3 points), inappropriate empirical therapy (2 points), cytomegalovirus disease (7 points), lymphopenia (4 points), and the interaction between INCREMENT-CPE score >= 8 and CMV disease (minus 7 points). This score showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.88) and classified patients into 3 strata: 0-7 (low mortality), 8-11 (high mortality), and 12-17 (very-high mortality). We performed a stratified analysis of the effect of monotherapy vs combination therapy among 165 patients who received appropriate therapy. Monotherapy was associated with higher mortality only in the very-high (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.82, 95% CI 1.13-7.06, P = .03) and high (HR 9.93, 95% CI 2.08-47.40, P = .004) mortality risk strata. A score-based algorithm is provided for therapy guidance.

Published
2020
Full Text
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37. Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative sars-cov-2 infection: An international cohort study

Author

Almaadany, F. S., Samadov, E., Namazov, I., Jafarova, S., Ramshorst, G. H. V., Pattyn, P., Desender, L., Gheldere, C. A. D., Duchateau, N., Mihanovic, J., Sulen, N., Andabaka, T., Rakvin, I., Bakmaz, B., Smith, H. G., Jonsson, M. L., Kassas, M. E., Tawheed, A., Shehata, S., Ashoush, F. M., Abdelaal, A. S., Elfiky, M. M. A., Emile, S. H., Elfallal, A. H., Elfeki, H., Shalaby, M., Alrahawy, M. M., Sallam, I., Amira, G., Sherief, A., Sherief, M., Lakkis, Z., Doussot, A., Turco, C., Heyd, B., Mathieu, P., Chebaro, A., Lecolle, K., Zerbib, P., Truant, S., Saudemont, A., Pruvot, F. -R., Arnaud, A. P., Bergeat, D., Merdrignac, A., Scalabre, A., Roy, B. L., Perotto, O., Tzedakis, S., Gaujoux, S., Dousset, B., Moszkowicz, D., Bretagnol, F., Hervieux, E., Maisonneuve, E., Clermidi, P., Aubry, E., Thomin, A., Seguin-Givelet, A., Zadegan, F., Conso, C., Ollat, D., Kamphues, C., Lauscher, J. C., Schineis, C., Schnitzbauer, A. A., Thoenissen, P., Youzouri, H. E., Schreckenbach, T., Nguyen, T. A., Modabber, A., Holzle, F., Winnand, P., Konigsrainer, A., Quante, M., Yurttas, C., Loffler, M. W., Klimopoulos, S., Tzovaras, G., Baloyiannis, I., Perivoliotis, K., Lostoridis, E., Tourountzi, P., Marchi, J. A. D., Farrell, T., Davis, N. F., Kearney, D., Larkin, J. O., Mohan, H. M., Mehigan, B. J., Fahey, B. A., Barry, C. P., Elliott, J. A., Bass, G. A., Connelly, T. M., Kavanagh, D. O., Elkady, R., Neary, P. C., Ridgway, P. F., Joyce, D. P., Tierney, S., Boyle, E., Egan, B., Lowery, A. J., Collins, C. G., Hogan, A., Mckevitt, K. L., Ryan, E. J., Fowler, A. L., Aherne, T. M., Nizami, K., Walsh, S., Zmora, O., Kugler, N., Falco, G., Ruiz, C. C., Mele, S., Annessi, V., Ferrari, G., Montella, M. T., Mariani, N. M., Ceretti, A. P., Lomiento, D., Taglietti, L., Giudice, R. D., Compagnoni, B., Dester, S., Granieri, S., Cotsoglou, C., Campagnaro, T., Turri, G., Guglielmi, A., Ruzzenente, A., Pedrazzani, C., Salvia, R., Paiella, S., Nobile, S., Marino, M. 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C., Chang, G., Dehart, D., Ourieff, J., Merola, S., Volpe, A., Podolsky, D., Coleman, N. L., Callahan, M., Brathwaite, C. E. M., Liu, H. H., Petrone, P., Baltazar, G., Hakmi, H., Sohail, A. H., Hazelton, J. P., Ssentongo, A. E., Ssentongo, P., Jamil, T., Al-Embideen, S., Seegert, S., Torquati, A., Bhama, A. R., Biffl, W. L., Schaffer, K. B., Marsh, C. L., Philp, M. M., Ross, H., Santora, T., Pathak, A., Sewards, J. M., Pontari, M., Engel, J. L., Giorgakis, E., Bhavaraju, A. V., Kalkwarf, K. J., Roberts, M., Robertson, R., Callcut, R. A., Canova, M. E., Suri, A., Velopulos, C. G., Carmichael, H., Mcintyre, R. C., Wright, F. L., Urban, S., Martin, R. C. G., Bhutiani, N., Diaz, J. J., Abdou, H., O'Meara, L. B., Richmond, M., Almasri, M., Marwan, H., Mehdi, M. Q., Kulkarni, G., Ban, V. S., Aoun, S. G., Batjer, H. H., Bhangu, A., Migliore, M., Lombardi C. P. (ORCID:0000-0001-8910-6693), Almaadany, F. S., Samadov, E., Namazov, I., Jafarova, S., Ramshorst, G. H. 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P., Aftab, R., Warwick, D., Khalefa, M. A., Hossain, F. S., Osman, K., Andreani, S. M., Bath, M. F., Sahni, A., Judkins, N., Springford, L. R., Wadley, M. S., Tyler, J., Wild, L., Wall, R., Jenner, E., Chamberlain, S., Thrush, J., Brain, J., Townsend, C., Stringer, S., Breckles, L., Flindall, I., Phenix, G., Thomas, K., Young, R., Macdonald, L., Green, S., Miu, V., Sheridan, K., Onos, L., Monson, J. R. T., Drake, F. T., Haqqani, M. H., Cooper, Z., Salim, A., Hirji, S. A., Brown, A. K., Chung, C., Hansen, L., Okafor, B. U., Roxo, V. I., Rice, H. E., Hwang, E. S., Blazer, D. G., Hall, B. J., Olson, S. A., Nehra, D., Cuschieri, J., Davidson, G. H., Walters, A. M., Nygaard, R. M., Colonna, E. T., Endorf, F. W., Meagher, A. D., Kinnaman, G., Mckenzie, K., Fretwell, K. R., Chan, J., Nugent, W. C., Chen, D., Stevens, K. A., Etchill, E. W., Jenny, H. E., Dehal, A., Kaafarani, H. M., Breen, K. A., Bankhead-Kendall, B. K., Alser, O., Mashbari, H. N., Velmahos, G. C., Chang, G., Dehart, D., Ourieff, J., Merola, S., Volpe, A., Podolsky, D., Coleman, N. L., Callahan, M., Brathwaite, C. E. M., Liu, H. H., Petrone, P., Baltazar, G., Hakmi, H., Sohail, A. H., Hazelton, J. P., Ssentongo, A. E., Ssentongo, P., Jamil, T., Al-Embideen, S., Seegert, S., Torquati, A., Bhama, A. R., Biffl, W. L., Schaffer, K. B., Marsh, C. L., Philp, M. M., Ross, H., Santora, T., Pathak, A., Sewards, J. M., Pontari, M., Engel, J. L., Giorgakis, E., Bhavaraju, A. V., Kalkwarf, K. J., Roberts, M., Robertson, R., Callcut, R. A., Canova, M. E., Suri, A., Velopulos, C. G., Carmichael, H., Mcintyre, R. C., Wright, F. L., Urban, S., Martin, R. C. G., Bhutiani, N., Diaz, J. J., Abdou, H., O'Meara, L. B., Richmond, M., Almasri, M., Marwan, H., Mehdi, M. Q., Kulkarni, G., Ban, V. S., Aoun, S. G., Batjer, H. H., Bhangu, A., Migliore, M., and Lombardi C. P. (ORCID:0000-0001-8910-6693)

Abstract

Background The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (740%) had emergency surgery and 280 (248%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (261%) patients. 30-day mortality was 238% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (512%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 380% (219 of 577), accounting for 817% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 175 [95% CI 128-240], p<00001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (230 [165-322], p<00001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3-5 versus grades 1-2 (235 [157-353], p<00001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (155 [101-239], p=0046), emergency versus elective surgery (167 [106-263], p=0026), and major versus minor surgery (152 [101-231], p=0047). Interpretation Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal

Published
2020

39. Phenotypic variability in familial prion diseases due to the D178N mutation

Author

Zarranz, J.J., Digon, A., Atares, B., Rodriguez-Martinez, A.B., Arce, A., Carrera, N., Fernandez-Manchola, I., Fernandez-Martinez, M., Fernandez-Maiztegui, C., Forcadas, I., Galdos, L., Gomez-Esteban, J.C., Ibanez, A., Lezcano, E., Lopez de Munain, A., Marti-Masso, J.F., Mendibe, M.M., Urtasun, M., Uterga, J.M., Saracibar, N., Velasco, F., and de Pancorbo, M.M.

Subjects
Epidemiology -- Genetic aspects, Epidemiology -- Research, Gene mutations -- Analysis, Phenotype -- Analysis, Prion diseases -- Genetic aspects, Prion diseases -- Diagnosis, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2005

41. Comprehensive clinical and epidemiological assessment of colonisation and infection due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Spain

Author

Palacios-Baena, ZR, Oteo, J, Conejo, C, Larrosa, MN, Bou, G, Fernandez-Martinez, M, Gonzalez-Lopez, JJ, Pintado, V, Martinez-Martinez, L, Merino, M, Pomar, V, Mora-Rillo, M, Rivera, MA, Oliver, A, Ruiz-Carrascoso, G, Ruiz-Garbajosa, P, Zamorano, L, Bautista, V, Ortega, A, Morales, I, Pascual, A, Campos, J, and Rodriguez-Bano, J

Subjects
Risk factors, Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Clinical features, Geographic distribution
Abstract

Background: Most available information on carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) is usually associated with specific types of infection or patient or with descriptions of outbreaks. The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyse the clinical epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes of colonisation and infections due to CPE in Spain. Methods: A multicentre prospective cohort study was carried out in 34 Spanish hospitals from February to May 2013. All new patients testing positive for CPE in clinical samples were included. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of mortality. Results: Overall, 245 cases were included. The most frequent organism was Klebsiella pneumoniae (74%) and the carbapenemases belonged to the OXA-48 (74%), metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) (24%) and KPC (2%) groups. Acquisition was nosocomial in 145 cases (60%) and healthcare- associated (HCA) in 91 (37%); 42% of the latter were nursing home residents, in whom OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae ST405 predominated. MBLs and OXA-48 predominated in ICU and medical patients, respectively. Overall, 67% of patients had infections. The most frequent infections identified in this study were urinary tract (43%) and skin structure (21%) infections, and 10% of infections were bacteraemic. Crude mortality was 20%. Inappropriate antibiotic therapy was independently associated with an increased risk of death (OR = 3.30; 95% CI: 1.34-8.11). Conclusions: We found some differences in the epidemiology of CPE depending on the type of carbapenemase produced. Although a low proportion of CPE infections were bacteraemic, active antibiotic therapy was a protective factor for reducing mortality. (C) 2015 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2016

42. One-Year Reference Norms of Cognitive Change in Spanish Old Adults: Data from the NEURONORMA Sample

Author

Sanchez-Benavides, G, Pena-Casanova, J, Casals-Coll, M, Gramunt, N, Manero, RM, Puig-Pijoan, A, Aguilar, M, Robles, A, Antunez, C, Frank-Garcia, A, Fernandez-Martinez, M, and Blesa, R

Subjects
Geriatrics, Reliable change, Practice effects, Assessment, Reference values
Abstract

Objective. Serial cognitive assessments are useful for many purposes, such as monitoring cognitive decline or evaluating the result of an intervention. In order to determine if an observed change is reliable and meaningful, longitudinal reference data from non-clinical samples are needed. Since neuropsychological outcomes are affected by language and cultural background, cognitive tests should be adapted, and country-based norms collected. The lack of cross-sectional normative data for Spanish population has been partially remediated, but there is still a need of reliable change norms. This paper aims to give an initial response to this need by providing several reliable change indices (RCI) for 1-year follow-up in a Spanish sample. Method. A longitudinal observational study was designed. A total of 122 healthy subjects over age 50 were evaluated twice (M = 369.5, SD= 10.7 days) with the NEURONORMA battery. Scores changes were analyzed, and simple discrepancy scores, standard deviation indices, RCI, and standardized regression-based scores were calculated. Results. Significant improvements were observed in variables related to memory, both verbal and visual, visuospatial function, and the completion time of complex problems. Reference tables for several RCI are provided for their use in clinical settings. Conclusions. Our results confirm the existence of heterogeneous practice effects after 1 year, and support the recommendation of using reliable change norms to avoid misdiagnosis in repeated assessments. This study provides with initial, preliminary norms of cognitive change for its use in Spanish elders. Further studies on larger samples and different inter-visit intervals are still needed.

Published
2016

45. Cognitive and Neuroimaging Profiles in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: Data from the Spanish Multicenter Normative Studies (NEURONORMA Project)

Author

Sanchez-Benavides, G, Pena-Casanova, J, Casals-Coll, M, Gramunt, N, Molinuevo, JL, Gomez-Anson, B, Aguilar, M, Robles, A, Antunez, C, Martinez-Parra, C, Frank-Garcia, A, Fernandez-Martinez, M, and Blesa, R

Subjects
neuropsychological tests, mild cognitive impairment, neuropsychology, magnetic resonance imaging, Alzheimer's disease
Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize the neuropsychological and neuroimaging profiles of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and to study the magnitude of the differences by comparing both outcomes with healthy subjects in a cross-sectional manner. Five hundred and thirty-five subjects (356 cognitively normal adults (CONT), 79 MCI, and 100 AD) were assessed with the NEURONORMA neuropsychological battery. Thirty CONT, 23 MCI, and 23 AD subjects from this sample were included in the neuroimaging substudy. Patients' raw cognitive scores were converted to age and education-adjusted scaled ones (range 2-18) using co-normed reference values. Medians were plotted to examine the cognitive profile. MRIs were processed by means of FreeSurfer. Effect size indices (Cohen's d) were calculated in order to compare the standardized differences between patients and healthy subjects. Graphically, the observed cognitive profiles for MCI and AD groups produced near to parallel lines. Verbal and visual memories were the most impaired domains in both groups, followed by executive functions and linguistic/semantic ones. The largest effect size between AD and cognitively normal subjects was found for the FCSRT (d = 4.05, AD versus CONT), which doubled the value obtained by the best MRI measure, the right hippocampus (d = 1.65, AD versus CONT). Our results support the notion of a continuum in cognitive profile between MCI and AD. Neuropsychological outcomes, in particular the FCSRT, are better than neuroimaging ones at detecting differences among subjects.

Published
2014

48. Estudio con tomografía por emisión de positrones de un caso de demencia vascular por hematoma talámico izquierdo, ejemplo del fenómeno de diasquisis

Author

Fernandez-Martinez M, Llorens-Abando, Blanco-Martin E, Molano-Salazar A, Bereincua-Gandarias R, and Del Mazo-Sanchez S

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine, Neurology (clinical), General Medicine, Radiology, Vascular dementia, medicine.disease, business, Nuclear medicine, Diaschisis
Abstract

Introduccion. Las lesiones vasculares talamicas que se comportan como ictus estrategicos pueden causar amnesia, disfunciones ejecutivas o disfasia, asi como sintomas comportamentales o psicologicos, y causar una demencia vascular. Caso clinico. Mujer de 58 anos, hipertensa y dislipidemica que, tras una hemorragia talamica izquierda que evoluciono radiologicamente de manera favorable, presento un sindrome amnesico grave y otras alteraciones sutiles en la orientacion y el lenguaje, dificultades en el manejo del dinero y sintomas depresivos que precisaron tratamiento ansiolitico y antidepresivo, todo lo cual fue causa de limitaciones para el normal desempeno de su trabajo. Seguida en la consulta de neurologia, se le practico una tomografia por emision de positrones/tomografia axial computarizada con 18F-2-fluoro-2-desoxi-D-glucosa, donde se aprecio un hipometabolismo en el talamo izquierdo y, ademas, en la region frontal inferior ipsilateral, que se explicaria mediante el fenomeno de diasquisis. Conclusiones. El fenomeno de diasquisis es un hallazgo de neuroimagen y fisiopatologico por el cual los ictus talamicos o de los ganglios basales causan hipoperfusion/hipometabolismo en la corteza ipsilateral o contralateral, y que puede explicar sintomas a distancia corticales. El presente caso evidencia la presencia de conexiones talamocorticales, lo cual ayuda a comprender los circuitos de la memoria y a explicar la asociacion en el de otros sintomas corticales, como la disfasia o las alteraciones ejecutivas.

Published
2016

50. Nutrient availability as the key regulator of global forest carbon balance

Author

Fernandez-Martinez, M., Vicca, S., Janssens, I.A., Sardans, J., Luyssaert, S., Campioli, M., Chapin III, F.S., Ciais, P., Obersteiner, M., Fernandez-Martinez, M., Vicca, S., Janssens, I.A., Sardans, J., Luyssaert, S., Campioli, M., Chapin III, F.S., Ciais, P., and Obersteiner, M.

Abstract

Forests strongly affect climate through the exchange of large amounts of atmospheric CO2. The main drivers of spatial variability in net ecosystem production (NEP) on a global scale are, however, poorly known. As increasing nutrient availability increases the production of biomass per unit of photosynthesis and reduces heterotrophic respiration in forests, we expected nutrients to determine carbon sequestration in forests. Our synthesis study of 92 forests in different climate zones revealed that nutrient availability indeed plays a crucial role in determining NEP and ecosystem carbon-use efficiency (CUEe; that is, the ratio of NEP to gross primary production (GPP)). Forests with high GPP exhibited high NEP only in nutrient-rich forests (CUEe = 33 +/- 4%; mean +/- s.e.m.). In nutrient-poor forests, a much larger proportion of GPP was released through ecosystem respiration, resulting in lower CUEe (6 +/- 4%). Our finding that nutrient availability exerts a stronger control on NEP than on carbon input (GPP) conflicts with assumptions of nearly all global coupled carbon cycle-climate models, which assume that carbon inputs through photosynthesis drive biomass production and carbon sequestration. An improved global understanding of nutrient availability would therefore greatly improve carbon cycle modelling and should become a critical focus for future research.

Published
2014

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