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The lack of reliable measures of alcohol intake is a major obstacle to the diagnosis and treatment of alcohol-related diseases. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation may provide novel biomarkers of alcohol use. To examine this possibility, we performed an epigenome-wide association study of methylation of cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in relation to alcohol intake in 13 population-based cohorts (ntotal=13 317; 54% women; mean age across cohorts 42-76 years) using whole blood (9643 European and 2423 African ancestries) or monocyte-derived DNA (588 European, 263 African and 400 Hispanic ancestry) samples. We performed meta-analysis and variable selection in whole-blood samples of people of European ancestry (n=6926) and identified 144 CpGs that provided substantial discrimination (area under the curve=0.90-0.99) for current heavy alcohol intake (⩾42 g per day in men and ⩾28 g per day in women) in four replication cohorts. The ancestry-stratified meta-analysis in whole blood identified 328 (9643 European ancestry samples) and 165 (2423 African ancestry samples) alcohol-related CpGs at Bonferroni-adjusted PDe tio första författarna delar på förstaförfattarskapet. De sex sista författarna delar på sistaförfattarskapet.

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International Symposium on Olive Irrigation and Oil Quality Dec 06-10, 2009 Nazareth, ISRAEL Int Soc Hort Sci (ISHS); International audience; The aim of this work was to analyse the influence of soil water content and distribution on fruit quality in 5-year-old 'Manzanilla de Sevilla' olive trees in pots subjected to different irrigation treatments for 3 years (2007-2009). The experiment was carried out near Seville, in southwest Spain. Four water treatments were considered: 1) T0, trees were under dry farming conditions except for small amounts of water supplied to ensure their survival; 2) T1, irrigation dose was about 50% of the crop's water needs (ETc); 3) T2, irrigated at 100% of ETc. Some of the roots of the T1 and T2 trees were left in drying soil during the irrigation season; 4) T3, irrigated to non-limiting soil water conditions in the whole rhizosphere throughout the irrigation season. All treatments were fertilized under non-limiting conditions. Results from the 2009 season showed no differences between treatments in either fruit or endocarp shapes. In all cases, the longitudinal diameters of both fruits and endocarps increased with the amount of water applied, as did equatorial diameters, except without significant differences between irrigation treatments. Fruit weight, volume and the mesocarp/endocarp ratio also increased with the amount of water applied. Those increments were mainly related to those of fresh and dry mesocarp weights. The endocarp weight, both fresh and dry, was lower in T0 than in the irrigation treatments, with no differences between irrigation treatments. Oil content on a fresh weight basis decreased significantly with the amount of irrigation and no differences between T2 and T3 were found. These results show both a positive response of fruit quality to regulated deficit irrigation and the fact that wetting the whole rhizosphere to around field capacity influences little, if any, the fruit quality.

The smallest variability was found in heat capacity, while the greatest one in thermal conductivity of soil. Differentiation of moisture of soil in the field showed greater influence on the variability of thermal conductivity and diffusivity than the differentiation of the density of soil. In the case of heat capacity, moisture had the major influence on capacity values, however, the density variation on the field had greater influence on variability of heat capacity of soil. The lack of real spatial relationship of different physical properties of compacted soil was observed.

We produced and characterized a specific monoclonal antibody (mAB) designated GR-ICOR-2. This mAb recognizes sarcomeric actin molecules (43 kDa) and was used in an immunohistochemical analysis of staining pattems in Harnburger and Hamilton's stages 18, 22 and 25 (HH 18, 22 and 25) embryonic chick hearts. Staining showed a mainly cytoplasmic distrubition in three regions: the atrioventricular (AV) canal cushion tissue, the primitive ventricle, and conal crests. In addition, this mAb-cross-reacted with rabbit and human cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue; but not with smooth muscle tissue.