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Copyright of Czech Radiology / Ceska Radiologie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Brain tissue morphometry further improves the radiologist’s assessment of brain atrophy. Conventional programs using this method are of limited use in normal practice due to their relatively long calculation time. Artificial intelligence, thanks to its speed, enables the routine use of morphometrics. Because the technology is relatively new, its contribution in day-to-day diagnostics has not yet been clearly determined. This text summarizes our initial experience with this method on a pilot cohort of patients with neurodegenerative diseases and describes those advantages and limitations which became apparent during our usage of the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

18F-FDG-PET imaging in patients with neurodegenertive diseases is the oiptimal method to distinguish several types of the neurodegenerations including coexisting pathologies. Individual types of diseases or groups of diseases exhibit specific patterns of hypometabolism distribution – in particular, frontotemporal degeneration can be distinguished from dementia with Léwy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as diseases characterized by speech disorders from the group of primary progressive aphasia or diseases with movement disorders such as corticobasal degeneration. Additional amyloid-beta imaging serves to confirm the amyloid beta presence within gray cortical matter in Alzheimer disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Czech Radiology / Ceska Radiologie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Czech Urology / Ceska Urologie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Text is containing the content of the oficial document: Program of the early detection of the prostatic carcinoma, imaging standards and conditions of the accreditation of magnetic resonance imaging issued by the Czech Ministry of Health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the experience with the evaluation of ProStay magnetic resonance imaging using a commercially available deep-learning AI tool. Methods: A group of 100 prostate examinations was evaluated, where the findings were verified either by surgery or by long-term follow-up, the results originally described by a radiologist in 2018 were compared, then in 2023 the results were evaluated by the artificial intelligence tool Prostate AI (Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany). Results: The AI achieved the following results: sensitivity 0.98, specificity 0.70, negative predictive value 0.88, positive predictive value 0.93, and accuracy 0.92 In contrast, the results of a radiologist with 12 years of experience in evaluating prostate magnetic resonance imaging were: sensitivity 0.99, specificity 0.95, negative predictive value 0.95, positive predictive value 0.99, and accuracy 0.98. Conclusion: The AI tool achieves reliable results, but compared to an experienced radiolg, its results have lagged behind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the experience with imaging children using photon-counting CT and to point out the basic procedures how to use the method in diagnosing diseases in childhood. Method: Over a period of 22 months, we performed a total of 209 examinations of children using a CT system with a photon-counting detector (Naeotom Alpha, Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany). Results: The most frequent indication in imaging was examination of the skeleton of the limbs in 64 cases, chest with a focus on pulmonary parenchyma in 56 cases, examination of the abdomen in 32 cases. Examinations of children over 6 years of age (144 times) were indicated more often than in younger children (65 times). Up to six years of age, children's protocols adjusted to the given age and weight category were also used almost exclusively, while in children over 6 years of age, imaging by modified protocols began to predominate. In addition to skeletal imaging, children are dominated by the use of 70 kV protocols, which allowed for effective dose reduction and also have the highest effect of iodine attenuation when contrast medium was administered. The spectral method of imaging was used mainly in skeletal imaging. Conclusion: Photon-counting CT is an imaging method that can take advantage of the advantages of high resolution and increased detection capabilities to increase image quality while reducing the dose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the variability of branching of the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery using CT angiography and to compare the evaluation performed by a 1st year student of General Medicine and an experienced radiologist. Methodology: Three-dimensional imaging of CT angiography using volume rendering technique (VRT) was performed based on the arterial phase data of biphasic abdominal CT performed on a dual-source CT machine. CT angiography in 1000 consecutive examinations was first evaluated by a 1st year student of General Medicine, who recorded the examination in the form of three projections at least. The student recorded a variant of branching. The results were compared with those findings, which were evaluated independently of the student's results by an experienced radiologist with 23 years of experience in computed tomography. Results: A total of 17 branching patterns were recorded. Celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery divide the most frequent in 80.3% in the classical variant of branching, in 9% left hepatic artery from left gastric artery. All other segmentation variants were below 5% in frequency. The agreement between the evaluation of the student and the radiologist was in 89.3%, in the remaining 10.7% there was only in the differences in the evaluation of segmentation beyond the level distant from the gastroduodenal artery origin. Conclusion: Classic variants of celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery are present in most cases; correct evaluation of CT angiography is possible even by a less experienced evaluator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of the neocortex is the action of the successive migration of the individual neuronal populations in pattern, that the deepest lamina is created at first, the others are developer one by one migrating through the previously formed, all six laminae are developed at the end of migration. Migration disorders are covered cortical heterotopias (nodular, laminar, subcortical), lissencephaly and also polymicrogyria. The article gives the review of the cortical morphology and individual migration disorders and their magnetic resonance imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Neurologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Manuscript reviews general information about use of hybrid imaging using positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric patients. The basic technical aspects, logistic and specific aspects in children are explained. There are summarized the mot serious indications of PET/MRI in children, when this kind of imaging might play the important role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Czech Radiology / Ceska Radiologie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pictorial review presents the sample of the most frequent forms of tuberculous manifestation, and their appearances on plain radiograph, computed tomography and hybrid imaging with PET/CT. There are described typical forms of secondary tuberculosis, including the clinically severe forms, like pulmonary miliary tuberculosis, infiltrative tuberculosis, tuberculosis with the cavitation including fibrocavernous tuberculosis, tuberculous pleuritis, tuberculous pericarditis. The rarer forms are displayed like systemic miliary tuberculosis, tuberculous lymphadenitis, intestinal tuberculosis, and forms of isolated tuberculosis of kidneys and vertebral column. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Czech Radiology / Ceska Radiologie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Czech Urology / Ceska Urologie is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)