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2. DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy

Author

Fenstermacher, M. E., Frassinetti, Lorenzo, Zuin, M., et al., Fenstermacher, M. E., Frassinetti, Lorenzo, Zuin, M., and et al.

Abstract

DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-Ip steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L–H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-Ip beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and, QC 20230207

Published
2022
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3. DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy

Author

Fenstermacher, M. E., primary, Abbate, J., additional, Abe, S., additional, Abrams, T., additional, Adams, M., additional, Adamson, B., additional, Aiba, N., additional, Akiyama, T., additional, Aleynikov, P., additional, Allen, E., additional, Allen, S., additional, Anand, H., additional, Anderson, J., additional, Andrew, Y., additional, Andrews, T., additional, Appelt, D., additional, Arbon, R., additional, Ashikawa, N., additional, Ashourvan, A., additional, Aslin, M., additional, Asnis, Y., additional, Austin, M., additional, Ayala, D., additional, Bak, J., additional, Bandyopadhyay, I., additional, Banerjee, S., additional, Barada, K., additional, Bardoczi, L., additional, Barr, J., additional, Bass, E., additional, Battaglia, D., additional, Battey, A., additional, Baumgartner, W., additional, Baylor, L., additional, Beckers, J., additional, Beidler, M., additional, Belli, E., additional, Berkery, J., additional, Bernard, T., additional, Bertelli, N., additional, Beurskens, M., additional, Bielajew, R., additional, Bilgili, S., additional, Biswas, B., additional, Blondel, S., additional, Boedo, J., additional, Bogatu, I., additional, Boivin, R., additional, Bolzonella, T., additional, Bongard, M., additional, Bonnin, X., additional, Bonoli, P., additional, Bonotto, M., additional, Bortolon, A., additional, Bose, S., additional, Bosviel, N., additional, Bouwmans, S., additional, Boyer, M., additional, Boyes, W., additional, Bradley, L., additional, Brambila, R., additional, Brennan, D., additional, Bringuier, S., additional, Brodsky, L., additional, Brookman, M., additional, Brooks, J., additional, Brower, D., additional, Brown, G., additional, Brown, W., additional, Burke, M., additional, Burrell, K., additional, Butler, K., additional, Buttery, R., additional, Bykov, I., additional, Byrne, P., additional, Cacheris, A., additional, Callahan, K., additional, Callen, J., additional, Campbell, G., additional, Candy, J., additional, Canik, J., additional, Cano-Megias, P., additional, Cao, N., additional, Carayannopoulos, L., additional, Carlstrom, T., additional, Carrig, W., additional, Carter, T., additional, Cary, W., additional, Casali, L., additional, Cengher, M., additional, Cespedes Paz, G., additional, Chaban, R., additional, Chan, V., additional, Chapman, B., additional, Char, I., additional, Chattopadhyay, A., additional, Chen, R., additional, Chen, J., additional, Chen, X., additional, Chen, M., additional, Chen, Z., additional, Choi, M., additional, Choi, W., additional, Choi, G., additional, Chousal, L., additional, Chrobak, C., additional, Chrystal, C., additional, Chung, Y., additional, Churchill, R., additional, Cianciosa, M., additional, Clark, J., additional, Clement, M., additional, Coda, S., additional, Cole, A., additional, Collins, C., additional, Conlin, W., additional, Cooper, A., additional, Cordell, J., additional, Coriton, B., additional, Cote, T., additional, Cothran, J., additional, Creely, A., additional, Crocker, N., additional, Crowe, C., additional, Crowley, B., additional, Crowley, T., additional, Cruz-Zabala, D., additional, Cummings, D., additional, Curie, M., additional, Curreli, D., additional, Dal Molin, A., additional, Dannels, B., additional, Dautt-Silva, A., additional, Davda, K., additional, De Tommasi, G., additional, De Vries, P., additional, Degrandchamp, G., additional, Degrassie, J., additional, Demers, D., additional, Denk, S., additional, Depasquale, S., additional, Deshazer, E., additional, Diallo, A., additional, Diem, S., additional, Dimits, A., additional, Ding, R., additional, Ding, S., additional, Ding, W., additional, Do, T., additional, Doane, J., additional, Dong, G., additional, Donovan, D., additional, Drake, J., additional, Drews, W., additional, Drobny, J., additional, Du, X., additional, Du, H., additional, Duarte, V., additional, Dudt, D., additional, Dunn, C., additional, Duran, J., additional, Dvorak, A., additional, Effenberg, F., additional, Eidietis, N., 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Glibert, D., additional, Gohil, P., additional, Gomez, R., additional, Gomez, S., additional, Gong, X., additional, Gonzales, E., additional, Goodman, A., additional, Gorelov, Y., additional, Graber, V., additional, Granetz, R., additional, Gray, T., additional, Green, D., additional, Greenfield, C., additional, Greenwald, M., additional, Grierson, B., additional, Groebner, R., additional, Grosnickle, W., additional, Groth, M., additional, Grunloh, H., additional, Gu, S., additional, Guo, W., additional, Guo, H., additional, Gupta, P., additional, Guterl, J., additional, Guttenfelder, W., additional, Guzman, T., additional, Haar, S., additional, Hager, R., additional, Hahn, S., additional, Halfmoon, M., additional, Hall, T., additional, Hallatschek, K., additional, Halpern, F., additional, Hammett, G., additional, Han, H., additional, Hansen, E., additional, Hansen, C., additional, Hansink, M., additional, Hanson, J., additional, Hanson, M., additional, Hao, G., additional, Harris, A., additional, Harvey, R., additional, Haskey, S., additional, Hassan, E., additional, Hassanein, A., additional, Hatch, D., additional, Hawryluk, R., additional, Hayashi, W., additional, Heidbrink, W., additional, Herfindal, J., additional, Hicok, J., additional, Hill, D., additional, Hinson, E., additional, Holcomb, C., additional, Holland, L., additional, Holland, C., additional, Hollmann, E., additional, Hollocombe, J., additional, Holm, A., additional, Holmes, I., additional, Holtrop, K., additional, Honda, M., additional, Hong, R., additional, Hood, R., additional, Horton, A., additional, Horvath, L., additional, Hosokawa, M., additional, Houshmandyar, S., additional, Howard, N., additional, Howell, E., additional, Hoyt, D., additional, Hu, W., additional, Hu, Y., additional, Hu, Q., additional, Huang, J., additional, Huang, Y., additional, Hughes, J., additional, Human, T., additional, Humphreys, D., additional, Huynh, P., additional, Hyatt, A., additional, Ibanez, C., additional, Ibarra, L., additional, Icasas, R., additional, Ida, K., additional, Igochine, V., additional, In, Y., additional, Inoue, S., additional, Isayama, A., additional, Izacard, O., additional, Izzo, V., additional, Jackson, A., additional, Jacobsen, G., additional, Jaervinen, A., additional, Jalalvand, A., additional, Janhunen, J., additional, Jardin, S., additional, Jarleblad, H., additional, Jeon, Y., additional, Ji, H., additional, Jian, X., additional, Joffrin, E., additional, Johansen, A., additional, Johnson, C., additional, Johnson, T., additional, Jones, C., additional, Joseph, I., additional, Jubas, D., additional, Junge, B., additional, Kalb, W., additional, Kalling, R., additional, Kamath, C., additional, Kang, J., additional, Kaplan, D., additional, Kaptanoglu, A., additional, Kasdorf, S., additional, Kates-Harbeck, J., additional, Kazantzidis, P., additional, Kellman, A., additional, Kellman, D., additional, Kessel, C., additional, Khumthong, K., additional, Kim, E., 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Misleh, A., additional, Mitrishkin, Y., additional, Moeller, C., additional, Montes, K., additional, Morales, M., additional, Mordijck, S., additional, Moreau, D., additional, Morosohk, S., additional, Morris, P., additional, Morton, L., additional, Moser, A., additional, Moyer, R., additional, Moynihan, C., additional, Mrazkova, T., additional, Mueller, D., additional, Munaretto, S., additional, Munoz Burgos, J., additional, Murphy, C., additional, Murphy, K., additional, Muscatello, C., additional, Myers, C., additional, Nagy, A., additional, Nandipati, G., additional, Navarro, M., additional, Nave, F., additional, Navratil, G., additional, Nazikian, R., additional, Neff, A., additional, Neilson, G., additional, Neiser, T., additional, Neiswanger, W., additional, Nelson, D., additional, Nelson, A., additional, Nespoli, F., additional, Nguyen, R., additional, Nguyen, L., additional, Nguyen, X., additional, Nichols, J., additional, Nocente, M., additional, Nogami, S., additional, Noraky, S., additional, Norausky, N., additional, Nornberg, M., additional, Nygren, R., additional, Odstrcil, T., additional, Ogas, D., additional, Ogorman, T., additional, Ohdachi, S., additional, Ohtani, Y., additional, Okabayashi, M., additional, Okamoto, M., additional, Olavson, L., additional, Olofsson, E., additional, Omullane, M., additional, Oneill, R., additional, Orlov, D., additional, Orvis, W., additional, Osborne, T., additional, Pace, D., additional, Paganini Canal, G., additional, Pajares Martinez, A., additional, Palacios, L., additional, Pan, C., additional, Pan, Q., additional, Pandit, R., additional, Pandya, M., additional, Pankin, A., additional, Park, Y., additional, Park, J., additional, Parker, S., additional, Parks, P., additional, Parsons, M., additional, Patel, B., additional, Pawley, C., additional, Paz-Soldan, C., additional, Peebles, W., additional, Pelton, S., additional, Perillo, R., additional, Petty, C., additional, Peysson, Y., additional, Pierce, D., 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additional, Rhodes, T., additional, Rice, J., additional, Roberts, R., additional, Robinson, J., additional, Rodriguez Fernandez, P., additional, Rognlien, T., additional, Rosenthal, A., additional, Rosiello, S., additional, Rost, J., additional, Roveto, J., additional, Rowan, W., additional, Rozenblat, R., additional, Ruane, J., additional, Rudakov, D., additional, Ruiz Ruiz, J., additional, Rupani, R., additional, Saarelma, S., additional, Sabbagh, S., additional, Sachdev, J., additional, Saenz, J., additional, Saib, S., additional, Salewski, M., additional, Salmi, A., additional, Sammuli, B., additional, Samuell, C., additional, Sandorfi, A., additional, Sang, C., additional, Sarff, J., additional, Sauter, O., additional, Schaubel, K., additional, Schmitz, L., additional, Schmitz, O., additional, Schneider, J., additional, Schroeder, P., additional, Schultz, K., additional, Schuster, E., additional, Schwartz, J., additional, Sciortino, F., additional, Scotti, F., additional, Scoville, J., additional, Seltzman, A., additional, Seol, S., additional, Sfiligoi, I., additional, Shafer, M., additional, Sharapov, S., additional, Shen, H., additional, Sheng, Z., additional, Shepard, T., additional, Shi, S., additional, Shibata, Y., additional, Shin, G., additional, Shiraki, D., additional, Shousha, R., additional, Si, H., additional, Simmerling, P., additional, Sinclair, G., additional, Sinha, J., additional, Sinha, P., additional, Sips, G., additional, Sizyuk, T., additional, Skinner, C., additional, Sladkomedova, A., additional, Slendebroek, T., additional, Slief, J., additional, Smirnov, R., additional, Smith, J., additional, Smith, S., additional, Smith, D., additional, Snipes, J., additional, Snoep, G., additional, Snyder, A., additional, Snyder, P., additional, Solano, E., additional, Solomon, W., additional, Song, J., additional, Sontag, A., additional, Soukhanovskii, V., additional, Spendlove, J., additional, Spong, D., additional, Squire, J., additional, Srinivasan, C., additional, Stacey, W., additional, Staebler, G., additional, Stagner, L., additional, Stange, T., additional, Stangeby, P., additional, Stefan, R., additional, Stemprok, R., additional, Stephan, D., additional, Stillerman, J., additional, Stoltzfus-Dueck, T., additional, Stonecipher, W., additional, Storment, S., additional, Strait, E., additional, Su, D., additional, Sugiyama, L., additional, Sun, Y., additional, Sun, P., additional, Sun, Z., additional, Sun, A., additional, Sundstrom, D., additional, Sung, C., additional, Sungcoco, J., additional, Suttrop, W., additional, Suzuki, Y., additional, Suzuki, T., additional, Svyatkovskiy, A., additional, Swee, C., additional, Sweeney, R., additional, Sweetnam, C., additional, Szepesi, G., additional, Takechi, M., additional, Tala, T., additional, Tanaka, K., additional, Tang, X., additional, Tang, S., additional, Tao, Y., additional, Tao, R., additional, Taussig, D., additional, Taylor, T., additional, Teixeira, K., additional, Teo, K., additional, Theodorsen, A., additional, Thomas, D., additional, Thome, K., additional, Thorman, A., additional, Thornton, A., additional, Ti, A., additional, Tillack, M., additional, Timchenko, N., additional, Tinguely, R., additional, Tompkins, R., additional, Tooker, J., additional, Torrezan De Sousa, A., additional, Trevisan, G., additional, Tripathi, S., additional, Trujillo Ochoa, A., additional, Truong, D., additional, Tsui, C., additional, Turco, F., additional, Turnbull, A., additional, Umansky, M., additional, Unterberg, E., additional, Vaezi, P., additional, Vail, P., additional, Valdez, J., additional, Valkis, W., additional, Van Compernolle, B., additional, Van Galen, J., additional, Van Kampen, R., additional, Van Zeeland, M., additional, Verdoolaege, G., additional, Vianello, N., additional, Victor, B., additional, Viezzer, E., additional, Vincena, S., additional, Wade, M., additional, Waelbroeck, F., additional, Wai, J., additional, Wakatsuki, T., additional, Walker, M., additional, Wallace, G., additional, Waltz, R., additional, Wampler, W., additional, Wang, L., additional, Wang, H., additional, Wang, Y., additional, Wang, Z., additional, Wang, G., additional, Ward, S., additional, Watkins, M., additional, Watkins, J., additional, Wehner, W., additional, Wei, Y., additional, Weiland, M., additional, Weisberg, D., additional, Welander, A., additional, White, A., additional, White, R., additional, Wiesen, S., additional, Wilcox, R., additional, Wilks, T., additional, Willensdorfer, M., additional, Wilson, H., additional, Wingen, A., additional, Wolde, M., additional, Wolff, M., additional, Woller, K., additional, Wolz, A., additional, Wong, H., additional, Woodruff, S., additional, Wu, M., additional, Wu, Y., additional, Wukitch, S., additional, Wurden, G., additional, Xiao, W., additional, Xie, R., additional, Xing, Z., additional, Xu, X., additional, Xu, C., additional, Xu, G., additional, Yan, Z., additional, Yang, X., additional, Yang, S., additional, Yokoyama, T., additional, Yoneda, R., additional, Yoshida, M., additional, You, K., additional, Younkin, T., additional, Yu, J., additional, Yu, M., additional, Yu, G., additional, Yuan, Q., additional, Zaidenberg, L., additional, Zakharov, L., additional, Zamengo, A., additional, Zamperini, S., additional, Zarnstorff, M., additional, Zeger, E., additional, Zeller, K., additional, Zeng, L., additional, Zerbini, M., additional, Zhang, L., additional, Zhang, X., additional, Zhang, R., additional, Zhang, B., additional, Zhang, J., additional, Zhao, L., additional, Zhao, B., additional, Zheng, Y., additional, Zheng, L., additional, Zhu, B., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Zhu, Y., additional, Zsutty, M., additional, and Zuin, M., additional

Published
2022
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4. Observation of fully detached divertor integrated with improved core confinement for tokamak fusion plasmas

Author

Wang, H. Q., primary, Wang, L., additional, Ding, S., additional, Garofalo, A. M., additional, Gong, X. Z., additional, Eldon, D., additional, Guo, H. Y., additional, Leonard, A. W., additional, Hyatt, A. W., additional, Qian, J. P., additional, Weisberg, D. B., additional, McClenaghan, J., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Osborne, T. H., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, Watkins, J. G., additional, Shafer, M. W., additional, Grierson, B. A., additional, Xu, G. S., additional, Yan, Z., additional, Mckee, G. R., additional, Huang, J., additional, Ren, J., additional, Buttery, R. J., additional, Humphreys, D. A., additional, Thomas, D. M., additional, Zhang, B., additional, and Liu, J. B., additional

Published
2021
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5. The design of the Tokamak Physics Experiment (TPX)

Author

Schmidt, J. A., Thomassen, K. I., Goldston, R. J., Neilson, G. H., Nevins, W. M., Sinnis, J. C., Andersen, P., Bair, W., Barr, W. L., Batchelor, D. B., Baxi, C., Berg, G., Bernabei, S., Bialek, J. M., Bonoli, P. T., Boozer, A., Bowers, D., Bronner, G., Brooks, J. N., Brown, T. G., Bulmer, R., Butner, D., Campbell, R., Casper, T., Chaniotakis, E., Chaplin, M., Chen, S. J., Chin, E., Chrzanowski, J., Citrolo, J., Cole, M. J., Dahlgren, F., Davis, F. C., Davis, J., Davis, S., Diatchenko, N., Dinkevich, S., Feldshteyn, Y., Felker, B., Feng, T., Fenstermacher, M. E., Fleming, R., Fogarty, P. J., Fragetta, W., Fredd, E., Gabler, M., Galambos, J., Gohar, Y., Goranson, P. L., Greenough, N., Grisham, L. R., Haines, J., Haney, S., Hassenzahl, W., Heim, J., Heitzenroeder, P. J., Hill, D. N., Hodapp, T., Houlberg, W. A., Hubbard, A., Hyatt, A., Jackson, M., Jaeger, E. F., Jardin, S. C., Johnson, J., Jones, G. H., Juliano, D. R., Junge, R., Kalish, M., Kessel, C. E., Knutson, D., LaHaye, R. J., Lang, D. D., Langley, R. A., Liew, S. -L., Lu, E., Mantz, H., Manickam, J., Mau, T. K., Medley, S., Mikkelsen, D. R., Miller, R., Monticello, D., Morgan, D., Moroz, P., Motloch, C., Mueller, J., Myatt, L., Nelson, B. E., Neumeyer, C. L., Nilson, D., O'Conner, T., Pearlstein, L. D., Peebles, W. A., Pelovitz, M., Perkins, F. W., Perkins, L. J., Petersen, D., Pillsbury, R., Politzer, P. A., Pomphrey, N., Porkolab, M., Posey, A., Radovinsky, A., Raftopoulis, S., Ramakrishnan, S., Ramos, J., Rauch, W., Ravenscroft, D., Redler, K., Reiersen, W. T., Reiman, A., Reis, E., Rewoldt, G., Richards, D. J., Rocco, R., Rognlien, T. D., Ruzic, D., Sabbagh, S., Sapp, J., Sayer, R. O., Scharer, J. E., Schmitz, L., Schnitz, J., Sevier, L., Shipley, S. E., Simmons, R. T., Slack, D., Smith, G. R., Stambaugh, R., Steill, G., Stevenson, T., Stoenescu, S., Onge, K. T. St., Stotler, D. P., Strait, T., Strickler, D. J., Swain, D. W., Tang, W., Tuszewski, M., Ulrickson, M. A., VonHalle, A., Walker, M. S., Wang, C., Wang, P., Warren, J., Werley, K. A., West, W. P., Williams, F., Wong, R., Wright, K., Wurden, G. A., Yugo, J. J., Zakharov, L., and Zbasnik, J.

Published
1993
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10. E×B Flux Driven Detachment Bifurcation in the DIII-D Tokamak

Author

Jaervinen, A. E., primary, Allen, S. L., additional, Eldon, D., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Groth, M., additional, Hill, D. N., additional, Leonard, A. W., additional, McLean, A. G., additional, Porter, G. D., additional, Rognlien, T. D., additional, Samuell, C. M., additional, and Wang, H. Q., additional

Published
2018
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12. Snowflake Divertor Experiments in the DIII-D, NSTX, and NSTX-U Tokamaks Aimed at the Development of the Divertor Power Exhaust Solution

Author

Soukhanovskii, V. A., primary, Allen, S. L., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, Makowski, M. A., additional, McLean, A. G., additional, Meier, E. T., additional, Meyer, W. H., additional, Rognlien, T. D., additional, Ryutov, D. D., additional, Scotti, F., additional, Kolemen, E., additional, Bell, R. E., additional, Diallo, A., additional, Gerhardt, S., additional, Kaita, R., additional, Kaye, S., additional, LeBlanc, B. P., additional, Maingi, R., additional, Menard, J. E., additional, Podesta, M., additional, Roquemore, A. L., additional, Groebner, R. J., additional, Hyatt, A. W., additional, Leonard, A. W., additional, Osborne, T. H., additional, Petrie, T. W., additional, Ahn, J.-W., additional, Raman, R., additional, and Watkins, J. G., additional

Published
2016
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13. Exposures of tungsten nanostructures to divertor plasmas in DIII-D

Author

Rudakov, D L, primary, Wong, C P C, additional, Doerner, R P, additional, Wright, G M, additional, Abrams, T, additional, Baldwin, M J, additional, Boedo, J A, additional, Briesemeister, A R, additional, Chrobak, C P, additional, Guo, H Y, additional, Hollmann, E M, additional, McLean, A G, additional, Fenstermacher, M E, additional, Lasnier, C J, additional, Leonard, A W, additional, Moyer, R A, additional, Pace, D C, additional, Thomas, D M, additional, and Watkins, J G, additional

Published
2016
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14. Three-dimensional equilibria and island energy transport due to resonant magnetic perturbation edge localized mode suppression on DIII-D

Author

King, J. D., primary, Strait, E. J., additional, Nazikian, R., additional, Paz-Soldan, C., additional, Eldon, D., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Ferraro, N. M., additional, Hanson, J. M., additional, Haskey, S. R., additional, La Haye, R. J., additional, Lanctot, M. J., additional, Lazerson, S. A., additional, Logan, N. C., additional, Liu, Y. Q., additional, Okabayashi, M., additional, Park, J.-K., additional, Shiraki, D., additional, and Turnbull, A. D., additional

Published
2015
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16. Resonant pedestal pressure reduction induced by a thermal transport enhancement due to stochastic magnetic boundary layers in high temperature plasmas

Author

Schmitz, O., Evans, T. E., Fenstermacher, M. E., Unterberg, E. A., Austin, M. E., Bray, B. D., Brooks, N. H., Frerichs, H., Groth, M., Jakubowski, M. W., Lasnier, C. J., Lehnen, M., Leonard, A. W., Mordijck, S., Moyer, R. A., Osborne, T. H., Reiter, D., Samm, U., Schaffer, M. J., Unterberg, B., West, W. P., DIII-D Team, TEXTOR Research Team, DIII-D Team, and TEXTOR Research Team

Subjects
Physics, Tokamak, Field line, General Physics and Astronomy, Resonance, Plasma, Fusion power, law.invention, Magnetic field, law, Physics::Plasma Physics, ddc:550, Pitch angle, Atomic physics, Edge-localized mode
Abstract

Good alignment of the magnetic field line pitch angle with the mode structure of an external resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) field is shown to induce modulation of the pedestal electron pressure ${p}_{e}$ in high confinement high rotation plasmas at the DIII-D tokamak with a shape similar to ITER, the next step tokamak experiment. This is caused by an edge safety factor ${q}_{95}$ resonant enhancement of the thermal transport, while in contrast, the RMP induced particle pump out does not show a significant resonance. The measured ${p}_{e}$ reduction correlates to an increase in the modeled stochastic layer width during pitch angle variations matching results from resistive low rotation plasmas at the TEXTOR tokamak. These findings suggest a field line pitch angle resonant formation of a stochastic magnetic edge layer as an explanation for the ${q}_{95}$ resonant character of type-I edge localized mode suppression by RMPs.

Published
2009

18. Effect of Divertor Geometry on Fueling Profile of the Core Plasma in Low-Density, Ohmic Plasmas in ASDEX Upgrade and DIII-D

Author

Brooks, N. H., David Coster, Dux, R., Fenstermacher, M. E., Groebner, R. J., Groth, M., Harhausen, J., Kallenbach, A., Lasnier, C. J., Leonard, A. W., Meyer, W. H., Müller, H. W., Osborne, T. H., Porter, G. D., Pugno, R., Reich, M., Rensink, M. E., Rudakov, D. L., Tsalas, M., Watkins, J. G., Wischmeier, M., Wolfrum, E., ASDEX Upgrade Team, and DIII-D Team

Published
2007

19. Edge localized mode control in DIII-D using magnetic perturbation-induced pedestal transport changes

Author

Moyer, R. A., Burrell, K. H., Baylor, L. R., Bécoulet, M., Boedo, J. A., Brooks, N. H., Doyle, E. J., Finken, K. H., Garbet, P., Groth, M., Harris, J., Hollmann, E. M., Evans, T. E., Jackson, G. L., Jakubowski, M. W., Hernigan, T. C., Kasilov, S., Lasnier, C. J., Leonard, A. W., Lehnen, M., Lönnroth, J., Nardon, E., Parail, V., Fenstermacher, M. E., Porter, G. D., Rhodes, T. L., Rudakov, D. L., Runov, A., Schmitz, O., Schneider, R., Thomas, D. M., Thomas, P., Wang, G., West, W. P., Gohil, P., Yan, L., Yu, J. H., Zeng, L., Joseph, I, Osborne, T. H., Schaffer, M. J., Synder, P. B., and Watkins, J. G.

Published
2006

20. Validation of the model for ELM suppression with 3D magnetic fields using low torque ITER baseline scenario discharges in DIII-D.

Author

Moyer, R. A., Paz-Soldan, C., Nazikian, R., Orlov, D. M., Ferraro, N. M., Grierson, B. A., Knölker, M., Lyons, B. C., McKee, G. R., Osborne, T. H., Rhodes, T. L., Meneghini, O., Smith, S., Evans, T. E., Fenstermacher, M. E., Groebner, R. J., Hanson, J. M., La Haye, R. J., Luce, T. C., and Mordijck, S.

Subjects
TOKAMAKS, PERTURBATION theory, NEUTRAL beams, MAGNETIC fields, PLASMA gases
Abstract

Experiments have been executed in the DIII-D tokamak to extend suppression of Edge Localized Modes (ELMs) with Resonant Magnetic Perturbations (RMPs) to ITER-relevant levels of beam torque. The results support the hypothesis for RMP ELM suppression based on transition from an ideal screened response to a tearing response at a resonant surface that prevents expansion of the pedestal to an unstable width [Snyder et al., Nucl. Fusion 51, 103016 (2011) and Wade et al., Nucl. Fusion 55, 023002 (2015)]. In ITER baseline plasmas with I/aB = 1.4 and pedestal ν* ~ 0.15, ELMs are readily suppressed with co-Ip neutral beam injection. However, reducing the beam torque from 5 Nm to ≤ 3.5 Nm results in loss of ELM suppression and a shift in the zero-crossing of the electron perpendicular rotation ω⊥e ~ 0 deeper into the plasma. The change in radius of ω⊥e ~ 0 is due primarily to changes to the electron diamagnetic rotation frequency ωe*. Linear plasma response modeling with the resistive MHD code m3d-c1 indicates that the tearing response location tracks the inward shift in ω⊥e ~ 0. At pedestal ν* ~ 1, ELM suppression is also lost when the beam torque is reduced, but the ω⊥e change is dominated by collapse of the toroidal rotation vT. The hypothesis predicts that it should be possible to obtain ELM suppression at reduced beam torque by also reducing the height and width of the ωe* profile. This prediction has been confirmed experimentally with RMP ELM suppression at 0 Nm of beam torque and plasma normalized pressure βN ~ 0.7. This opens the possibility of accessing ELM suppression in low torque ITER baseline plasmas by establishing suppression at low beta and then increasing beta while relying on the strong RMP-island coupling to maintain suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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23. Coherence Imaging of Flows in the DIII-D Divertor

Author

Howard, John, Diallo, Ahmed, Creese, Matthew, Allen, S L, Ellis, R. M., Meyer, W, Fenstermacher, M E, Porter, G. D., Brooks, N H, Van Zeeland, M. E., Boivin, Rejean, Howard, John, Diallo, Ahmed, Creese, Matthew, Allen, S L, Ellis, R. M., Meyer, W, Fenstermacher, M E, Porter, G. D., Brooks, N H, Van Zeeland, M. E., and Boivin, Rejean

Abstract

Various spatial heterodyne polarization interferometers for spectrally-resolved optical imaging of edge and core parameters in high temperature magnetized plasmas are described. Applications for such "coherence imaging" (CI) systems include imaging motional Stark effect and Zeeman effect polarimetry for determination of the magnetic field pitch angle, and passive and active (charge exchange recombination spectroscopy - CXRS) Doppler imaging of plasma temperature and flow. In this paper we describe spatial heterodyne coherence imaging systems and present first results of Doppler flow imaging in the DIII-D divertor. Instruments have been installed for imaging flows in the divertor and scrape-off-layer in the DIII-D tokamak and also for Doppler imaging on the H-1 heliac [1]. In the former case, single snapshot interferometric images of the plasma in CII 514nm, and CIII 465nm emission have been demodulated to obtain flow and ion temperature projections in both the scrape-off-layer and divertor. Flow field amplitudes in the divertor are found to be broad agreement with UEDGE modeling [2], and point the way towards experiments that address important divertor transport issues in future.

Published
2011

24. Doppler coherence imaging and tomography of flows in tokamak plasmas

Author

Howard, J., Diallo, A., Creese, M., Blackwell, B. D., Allen, S. L., Ellis, R. M., Porter, G. D., Meyer, W., Fenstermacher, M. E., Brooks, N. H., Van Zeeland, M. E., Boivin, R. L., Howard, J., Diallo, A., Creese, M., Blackwell, B. D., Allen, S. L., Ellis, R. M., Porter, G. D., Meyer, W., Fenstermacher, M. E., Brooks, N. H., Van Zeeland, M. E., and Boivin, R. L.

Abstract

This article describes the results of spatial heterodyne Doppler "coherence imaging" of carbon ion flows in the divertor region of the DIII-D tokamak. Spatially encoded interferometric projections of doubly ionized carbon emission at 465 nm have been demodulated and tomographically inverted to obtain the spatial distribution of the carbon ion parallel flow and emissivity. The operating principles of the new instruments are described, and the link between measured properties and line integrals of the flow field are established. An iterative simultaneous arithmetic reconstruction procedure is applied to invert the interferometric phase shift projections, and the reconstructed parallel flow field amplitudes are found to be in reasonable agreement with UEDGE modeling.

Published
2010

25. Dust measurements in tokamaks (invited)

Author

Rudakov, D. L., Yu, J. H., Boedo, J. A., Hollmann, E. M., Krasheninnikov, S. I., Moyer, R. A., Muller, S. H., Pigarov, A. Yu., Rosenberg, M., Smirnov, R. D., West, W. P., Boivin, R. L., Bray, B. D., Brooks, N. H., Hyatt, A. W., Wong, C. P. C., Roquemore, A. L., Skinner, C. H., Solomon, W. M., Ratynskaia, Svetlana V., Fenstermacher, M. E., Groth, M., Lasnier, C. J., McLean, A. G., Stangeby, P. C., Rudakov, D. L., Yu, J. H., Boedo, J. A., Hollmann, E. M., Krasheninnikov, S. I., Moyer, R. A., Muller, S. H., Pigarov, A. Yu., Rosenberg, M., Smirnov, R. D., West, W. P., Boivin, R. L., Bray, B. D., Brooks, N. H., Hyatt, A. W., Wong, C. P. C., Roquemore, A. L., Skinner, C. H., Solomon, W. M., Ratynskaia, Svetlana V., Fenstermacher, M. E., Groth, M., Lasnier, C. J., McLean, A. G., and Stangeby, P. C.

Abstract

Dust production and accumulation present potential safety and operational issues for the ITER. Dust diagnostics can be divided into two groups: diagnostics of dust on surfaces and diagnostics of dust in plasma. Diagnostics from both groups are employed in contemporary tokamaks; new diagnostics suitable for ITER are also being developed and tested. Dust accumulation in ITER is likely to occur in hidden areas, e.g., between tiles and under divertor baffles. A novel electrostatic dust detector for monitoring dust in these regions has been developed and tested at PPPL. In the DIII-D tokamak dust diagnostics include Mie scattering from Nd:YAG lasers, visible imaging, and spectroscopy. Laser scattering is able to resolve particles between 0.16 and 1.6 mu m in diameter; using these data the total dust content in the edge plasmas and trends in the dust production rates within this size range have been established. Individual dust particles are observed by visible imaging using fast framing cameras, detecting dust particles of a few microns in diameter and larger. Dust velocities and trajectories can be determined in two-dimension with a single camera or three-dimension using multiple cameras, but determination of particle size is challenging. In order to calibrate diagnostics and benchmark dust dynamics modeling, precharacterized carbon dust has been injected into the lower divertor of DIII-D. Injected dust is seen by cameras, and spectroscopic diagnostics observe an increase in carbon line (CI, CII, C(2) dimer) and thermal continuum emissions from the injected dust. The latter observation can be used in the design of novel dust survey diagnostics., 17th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics Location: Albuquerque, NM Date: 2008

Published
2008
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26. Reduction of edge localized mode intensity on DIII-D by on-demand triggering with high frequency pellet injection and implications for ITER

Author

Baylor, L. R., primary, Commaux, N., additional, Jernigan, T. C., additional, Meitner, S. J., additional, Combs, S. K., additional, Isler, R. C., additional, Unterberg, E. A., additional, Brooks, N. H., additional, Evans, T. E., additional, Leonard, A. W., additional, Osborne, T. H., additional, Parks, P. B., additional, Snyder, P. B., additional, Strait, E. J., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Loarte, A., additional, Huijsmans, G. T. A., additional, and Futatani, S., additional

Published
2013
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27. Reduction of Edge-Localized Mode Intensity Using High-Repetition-Rate Pellet Injection in TokamakH-Mode Plasmas

Author

Baylor, L. R., primary, Commaux, N., additional, Jernigan, T. C., additional, Brooks, N. H., additional, Combs, S. K., additional, Evans, T. E., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Isler, R. C., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, Meitner, S. J., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Osborne, T. H., additional, Parks, P. B., additional, Snyder, P. B., additional, Strait, E. J., additional, Unterberg, E. A., additional, and Loarte, A., additional

Published
2013
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28. Suppression of large edge localized modes in high confinement DIII-D plasmas with a stochastic magnetic boundary

Author

Evans, T E, Moyer, R, Watkins, J G, Thomas, P. R, Osborne, T. H, Boedo, J, Groebner, R. J, Groth, M, Harris, Jeffrey, Jackson, Gregory, La Haye, R. J, Lasnier, C. J, Schaffer, M. J, Wang, G, Zeng, L, Fenstermacher, M. E, Finken, K H, Evans, T E, Moyer, R, Watkins, J G, Thomas, P. R, Osborne, T. H, Boedo, J, Groebner, R. J, Groth, M, Harris, Jeffrey, Jackson, Gregory, La Haye, R. J, Lasnier, C. J, Schaffer, M. J, Wang, G, Zeng, L, Fenstermacher, M. E, and Finken, K H

Abstract

Large 70 Hz Type-I edge localized modes (ELMs) are converted into small 130 Hz oscillations using edge resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) from a coil with currents ≤0.4% Ip in double null DIII-D plasmas. When the RMP is properly phased with respect

Published
2005

30. Publisher’s Note: “Changes in particle transport as a result of resonant magnetic perturbations in DIII-D” [Phys. Plasmas 19, 056503 (2012)]

Author

Mordijck, S., primary, Doyle, E. J., additional, McKee, G. R., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Rhodes, T. L., additional, Zeng, L., additional, Commaux, N., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Gentle, K. W., additional, Reimerdes, H., additional, Schmitz, O., additional, Solomon, W. M., additional, Staebler, G. M., additional, and Wang, G., additional

Published
2012
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31. Changes in particle transport as a result of resonant magnetic perturbations in DIII-D

Author

Mordijck, S., primary, Doyle, E. J., additional, McKee, G. R., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Rhodes, T. L., additional, Zeng, L., additional, Commaux, N., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Gentle, K. W., additional, Reimerdes, H., additional, Schmitz, O., additional, Solomon, W. M., additional, Staebler, G. M., additional, and Wang, G., additional

Published
2012
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33. Suppression of large edge-localized modes in high-confinement DIII-D plasmas with a stochastic magnetic boundary

Author

Evans, T, Moyer, R, Thomas, P. R, Watkins, J. G, Osborne, T. H, Boedo, J, Doyle, Edward Dermot, Fenstermacher, M. E, Flux, I. A, Groebner, R. J, Groth, M, Harris, Jeffrey, La Haye, R. J, Lasnier, C. J, Masuzaki, S, Ohyabu, N, Pretty, David, Rhodes, T. L, Reimerdes, H, Rudakov, D, Schaffer, M. J, Wang, G, Zeng, Z, Evans, T, Moyer, R, Thomas, P. R, Watkins, J. G, Osborne, T. H, Boedo, J, Doyle, Edward Dermot, Fenstermacher, M. E, Flux, I. A, Groebner, R. J, Groth, M, Harris, Jeffrey, La Haye, R. J, Lasnier, C. J, Masuzaki, S, Ohyabu, N, Pretty, David, Rhodes, T. L, Reimerdes, H, Rudakov, D, Schaffer, M. J, Wang, G, and Zeng, Z

Abstract

The large edge-localized modes (ELM) in high confinement (H-mode) plasmas were suppressed using a magnetic boundary, produced by an applied edge resonant magnetic perturbation. The magnetic perturbations were produced by a set of control coils, referred to as I coil, located inside the vacuum vessel. The plasmas used in the experiment were double null diverted discharges with a 2 cm downward shift. The results demonstrate that stochastic boundary layers are compatible with H-mode plasmas and that a stochastic layer can suppress ELMs without degrading the global particle and energy confinement.

Published
2004

35. Overview of the recent DiMES and MiMES experiments in DIII-D

Author

Rudakov, D L, primary, Wong, C P C, additional, Litnovsky, A, additional, Wampler, W R, additional, Boedo, J A, additional, Brooks, N H, additional, Fenstermacher, M E, additional, Groth, M, additional, Hollmann, E M, additional, Jacob, W, additional, Krasheninnikov, S I, additional, Krieger, K, additional, Lasnier, C J, additional, Leonard, A W, additional, McLean, A G, additional, Marot, M, additional, Moyer, R A, additional, Petrie, T W, additional, Philipps, V, additional, Smirnov, R D, additional, Stangeby, P C, additional, Watkins, J G, additional, West, W P, additional, and Yu, J H, additional

Published
2009
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38. Dust measurements in tokamaks (invited)

Author

Rudakov, D. L., primary, Yu, J. H., additional, Boedo, J. A., additional, Hollmann, E. M., additional, Krasheninnikov, S. I., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Muller, S. H., additional, Pigarov, A. Yu., additional, Rosenberg, M., additional, Smirnov, R. D., additional, West, W. P., additional, Boivin, R. L., additional, Bray, B. D., additional, Brooks, N. H., additional, Hyatt, A. W., additional, Wong, C. P. C., additional, Roquemore, A. L., additional, Skinner, C. H., additional, Solomon, W. M., additional, Ratynskaia, S., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Groth, M., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, McLean, A. G., additional, and Stangeby, P. C., additional

Published
2008
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40. Dust Studies in DIII-D Tokamak

Author

Rudakov, D. L., primary, West, W. P., additional, Groth, M., additional, Yu, J. H., additional, Boedo, J. A., additional, Bray, B. D., additional, Brooks, N. H., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Hollmann, E. M., additional, Hyatt, A. W., additional, Krasheninnikov, S. I., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Pigarov, A. Yu., additional, Smirnov, R., additional, Solomon, W. M., additional, Wong, C. P. C., additional, Mendonça, José Tito, additional, Resendes, David P., additional, and Shukla, Padma K., additional

Published
2008
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41. Scrape-off layer transport and deposition studies in DIII-D

Author

Groth, M., primary, Allen, S. L., additional, Boedo, J. A., additional, Brooks, N. H., additional, Elder, J. D., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Groebner, R. J., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, McLean, A. G., additional, Leonard, A. W., additional, Lisgo, S., additional, Porter, G. D., additional, Rensink, M. E., additional, Rognlien, T. D., additional, Rudakov, D. L., additional, Stangeby, P. C., additional, Wampler, W. R., additional, Watkins, J. G., additional, West, W. P., additional, and Whyte, D. G., additional

Published
2007
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42. DiMES studies of temperature dependence of carbon erosion and re-deposition in the lower divertor of DIII-D under detachment

Author

Rudakov, D L, primary, Jacob, W, additional, Krieger, K, additional, Litnovsky, A, additional, Philipps, V, additional, West, W P, additional, Wong, C P C, additional, Allen, S L, additional, Bastasz, R J, additional, Boedo, J A, additional, Brooks, N H, additional, Boivin, R L, additional, Temmerman, G De, additional, Fenstermacher, M E, additional, Groth, M, additional, Hollmann, E M, additional, Lasnier, C J, additional, McLean, A G, additional, Moyer, R A, additional, Stangeby, P C, additional, Wampler, W R, additional, Watkins, J G, additional, Wienhold, P, additional, and Whaley, J, additional

Published
2007
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44. Impurity confinement and transport in high confinement regimes without edge localized modes on DIII-D.

Author

Grierson, B. A., Burrell, K. H., Nazikian, R. M., Solomon, W. M., Garofalo, A. M., Belli, E. A., Staebler, G. M., Fenstermacher, M. E., McKee, G. R., Evans, T. E., Orlov, D. M., Smith, S. P., Chrobak, C., and Chrystal, C.

Subjects
PLASMA confinement, TOKAMAKS, PERTURBATION theory, PLASMA oscillations, PLASMA fluctuations, PLASMA impurities
Abstract

Impurity transport in the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon, Nucl. Fusion 42, 614 (2002)] is investigated in stationary high confinement (H-mode) regimes without edge localized modes (ELMs). In plasmas maintained by resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP), ELM-suppression, and QH-mode, the confinement time of fluorine (Z = 9) is equivalent to that in ELMing discharges with 40 Hz ELMs. For selected discharges with impurity injection, the impurity particle confinement time compared to the energy confinement time is in the range of τp/τe≈2-3. In QH-mode operation, the impurity confinement time is shown to be smaller for intense, coherent magnetic, and density fluctuations of the edge harmonic oscillation than weaker fluctuations. Transport coefficients are derived from the time evolution of the impurity density profile and compared to neoclassical and turbulent transport models NEO and TGLF. Neoclassical transport of fluorine is found to be small compared to the experimental values. In the ELMing and RMP ELM-suppressed plasma, the impurity transport is affected by the presence of tearing modes. For radii larger than the mode radius, the TGLF diffusion coefficient is smaller than the experimental value by a factor of 2-3, while the convective velocity is within error estimates. Low levels of diffusion are observed for radii smaller than the tearing mode radius. In the QH-mode plasma investigated, the TGLF diffusion coefficient is higher inside of ρ=0.4 and lower outside of 0.4 than the experiment, and the TGLF convective velocity is more negative by a factor of approximately 1.7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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45. First tests of molybdenum mirrors for ITER diagnostics in DIII-D divertor

Author

Rudakov, D. L., primary, Boedo, J. A., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Litnovsky, A., additional, Philipps, V., additional, Wienhold, P., additional, Allen, S. L., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Groth, M., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, Boivin, R. L., additional, Brooks, N. H., additional, Leonard, A. W., additional, West, W. P., additional, Wong, C. P. C., additional, McLean, A. G., additional, Stangeby, P. C., additional, De Temmerman, G., additional, Wampler, W. R., additional, and Watkins, J. G., additional

Published
2006
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46. The physics of edge resonant magnetic perturbations in hot tokamak plasmas

Author

Evans, T. E., primary, Burrell, K. H., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Osborne, T. H., additional, Schaffer, M. J., additional, West, W. P., additional, Yan, L. W., additional, Boedo, J. A., additional, Doyle, E. J., additional, Jackson, G. L., additional, Joseph, I., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, Leonard, A. W., additional, Rhodes, T. L., additional, Thomas, P. R., additional, Watkins, J. G., additional, and Zeng, L., additional

Published
2006
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47. ELM suppression in low edge collisionality H-mode discharges usingn= 3 magnetic perturbations

Author

Burrell, K H, primary, Evans, T E, additional, Doyle, E J, additional, Fenstermacher, M E, additional, Groebner, R J, additional, Leonard, A W, additional, Moyer, R A, additional, Osborne, T H, additional, Schaffer, M J, additional, Snyder, P B, additional, Thomas, P R, additional, West, W P, additional, Boedo, J A, additional, Garofalo, A M, additional, Gohil, P, additional, Jackson, G L, additional, Haye, R J La, additional, Lasnier, C J, additional, Reimerdes, H, additional, Rhodes, T L, additional, Scoville, J T, additional, Solomon, W M, additional, Thomas, D M, additional, Wang, G, additional, Watkins, J G, additional, and Zeng, L, additional

Published
2005
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49. DIII-D Diagnostic Systems

Author

Boivin, R. L., primary, Luxon, J. L., additional, Austin, M. E., additional, Brooks, N. H., additional, Burrell, K. H., additional, Doyle, E. J., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Gray, D. S., additional, Groth, M., additional, Hsieh, C.-L., additional, Jayakumar, R. J., additional, Lasnier, C. J., additional, Leonard, A. W., additional, McKee, G. R., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Rhodes, T. L., additional, Rost, J. C., additional, Rudakov, D. L., additional, Schaffer, M. J., additional, Strait, E. J., additional, Thomas, D. M., additional, Van Zeeland, M., additional, Watkins, J. G., additional, Watson, G. W., additional, and Wong, C. P. C., additional

Published
2005
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50. Pedestal Studies in DIII-D

Author

Groebner, R. J., primary, Osborne, T. H., additional, Fenstermacher, M. E., additional, Leonard, A. W., additional, Mahdavi, M. A., additional, Moyer, R. A., additional, Owen, L. W., additional, Porter, G. D., additional, Snyder, P. B., additional, Stangeby, P. C., additional, Rhodes, T. L., additional, and Wolf, N. S., additional

Published
2005
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