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Backgrround The randomized trials include ACOSOG Z0011 and IBCSG 23 − 01 had found that, the survival rates were not different in patients with cT1/2N0 and 1–2 sentinel lymph node (SLN) positive, macro/micro metastases who underwent breast-conserving therapy and micrometastases who underwent total mastectomy (TM), when axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was omitted. However, for patients with cT1/2N0 and 1–2 SLN macrometastases who underwent TM, there was no published clinical research evidence whether ALND can be exempted. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of non-sentinel lymph node (nSLN) metastasis in breast cancer patients with 1–2 SLN macrometastases undergoing TM. Methods The clinicopathological data of 1491 breast cancer patients underwent TM and SLNB from January 2017 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze the risk factors for nSLN metastasis. Results A total of 273 patients with 1–2 SLN macrometastases underwent TM were enrolled. Postoperative pathological data showed that 35.2% patients had nSLN metastasis. The results of multivariate analysis indicated that tumor size (TS) (P = 0.002; OR: 1.051; 95% CI: 1.019–1.084) and ratio of SLN macrometastases (P = 0.0001; OR: 12.597: 95% CI: 4.302–36.890) were the independent risk factors for nSLN metastasis in breast cancer with 1–2 SLN macrometastases underwent TM. The ROC curve analysis suggested that when TS ≤ 22mm and ratio of SLN macrometastases ≤ 0.33, the incidence of nSLN metastasis could be reduced to 17.1%. Conclusions The breast cancer patients with cT1/2N0 stage, undergoing TM and 1–2 SLN macrometastases, when the TS ≤ 22mm and macrometastatic SLN does not exceed 1/3 of the total number of detected SLN, the incidence of nSLN metastasis is significantly reduced, and whether ALND can be exempted deserves further exploration.

Background: Polymorphism in miR-27a rs895819 has been associated with breast cancer (BC) risk, but studies have reported inconsistent results. This meta-analysis investigated the possible association between miR-27a rs895819 polymorphism and BC risk. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies in English and Chinese. Meta-analyses were performed to examine the association between miR-27a rs895819 and BC susceptibility. Results: A total of 16 case–control studies involving 6118 cases and 7042 controls were included. Analysis using five genetic models suggested no significant association between miR-27a rs895819 polymorphism and BC risk in the total population, or specifically in Asian or Chinese subpopulations. In the Caucasian subpopulation, however, the G-allele and AG genotype at rs895819 were significantly associated with decreased BC risk according to the allelic model (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.84–0.97, P = .004) and heterozygous model (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81–089, P = .02), while the wild-type AA genotype was significantly associated with increased BC risk according to the dominant model (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.24, P = .007). Conclusion: These results indicate that among Caucasians, the wild-type AA genotype at rs895819 may confer increased susceptibility to BC, while the G-allele and AG genotype may be protective factors. These conclusions should be verified in large, well-designed studies.

Modern Intelligent Transportation System ITS uses the wireless communication technologies to increase the traffic safety and the transportation efficiency. However, the Doppler and the multipath fading problems severely attenuate the received signal in the vehicle communication environments. Therefore, channel estimation is a serious issue should be solved properly to improve the Bit Error Rate BER performance at the receiver. Besides, ITS has adopted the IEEE802.11p standard as its protocol and IEEE 802.11p defines the preamble with specific format to conduct the channel estimation. The well-known Least Square LS channel estimation method is commonly used with the help of preamble due to the simple and easy implementation advantages. The LS methods can be conducted either in the Time Domain TD or in the Frequency Domain FD. In this paper, a modified TDLS channel estimation is proposed for the IEEE802.11p channel estimation. The proposed method has the channel length prediction ability to improve the conventional LS channel estimation performance at both the time domain and frequency domain.

To evaluate the types and compositions of oxide films formed during porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) firing on three kinds of dental casting alloys, and to investigate the corrosion property of these alloys in Dulbecco's modification of Eagle's medium (DMEM) cell culture fluid, before and after PFM firing.Specimens of three dental casting alloys (Ni-Cr, Co-Cr and Ni-Ti) before and after PFM firing were prepared, and were immersed in DMEM cell culture fluid. After 30 days, the type and concentration of released metal ions were measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used for analysis of oxide film on the alloys. One way-ANOVA was adopted in data analysis.The total amount of metal ions released from the three dental alloys was found to be highest in Ni-Cr alloy [(2.829 ± 0.694) mg/L], followed by Co-Cr [(2.120 ± 0.418) mg/L] and Ni-Ti alloy [(1.211 ± 0.101) mg/L]. The amount of Ni ions released from Ni-Cr alloys [(1.531 ± 0.392) mg/L] was higher than that from Ni-Ti alloys [(0.830 ± 0.052) mg/L]. The amount of Cr, Mo ions released from Co-Cr alloy [Cr: (0.048 ± 0.011) mg/L, Mo: (1.562 ± 0.333) mg/L] was higher than that from Ni-Cr alloy [Cr: (0.034 ± 0.002) mg/L, Mo: (1.264 ± 0.302) mg/L] and Ni-Ti alloy [Cr: (0.013 ± 0.006) mg/L, Mo: (0.151 ± 0.026) mg/L] (P0.05). After PFM firing, the total amount of metal irons released from the three dental alloys decreased [Ni-Cr: (0.861 ± 0.054) mg/L, Co-Cr: (0.695 ± 0.327) mg/L, Ni-Ti: (0.892 ± 0.115) mg/L] (P0.05). In addition, XPS showed increase of Cr(2)O(3) and Mo-Ni oxide on the surface of all the alloys after PFM firing.The amount of ions released from Ni-Cr alloy was the highest among the three dental casting alloys, this means Ni-Cr alloy is prone to corrode. The PFM firing process changed the alloys' surface composition. Increased Ni, Cr and Mo were found in oxide film, and the increase in Cr(2)O(3) can improve the corrosion-resistance of alloys.