Search

[Objective] To investigate the spatial variability of trail soils under the influence of anthropogenic trampling in the understory social activities in karst areas. [Methods] To investigate the spatial and temporal variability of soil properties in the 0—20 cm soil layer under drought and precipitation conditions, we took the karst forest trail area as the research object, regularly sampled the soil at a fixed piont on a monthly scale. Geostatistical analyses were performed to assess the spatial and temporal variability of soil properties and their distribution patterns under both drought and precipitation conditions. [Results] Anthropogenic trampling can alter the structure of the soil surface (0—15 cm) and subsurface by increasing soil consolidation and the aggregation capacity of soil particles. The spatial distribution of soil water content in karst forests trails showed moderate variability, with higher values observed in the center of the trails (32.68%) compared to the trail edges (28.46%) and the forest interior (26.99%). Soil compactness and shear strength followed a similar pattern, being highest at the center of the trail, followed by the trail edge, and lowest in the forest interior. Vegetation cover was weakened by anthropogenic trampling, resulting in an increased response time of soil water content to rainfall events. Stochastic factors had a relatively greater influence on soil surface water content but overall showed strong spatial autocorrelation (0.97). Kriging contour plots revealed patchy distribution patterns for soil moisture along forest trails, which exhibited better spatial continuity under precipitation conditions. [Conclusion] Substantial guidance for the implementation of woodland ecological restoration strategies and the development of more accurate soil sampling density programmers in karst areas.

Urinary incontinence is the major sign of menopause genitourinary syndrome and is usually related to the sexual dysfunctions. Fifty percent of menopausal women have menopausal urinary tract. Menopause genitourinary syndrome is a hypoestrogenic condition with external sexual, urological, and genital implications. The production of estrogen decline after menopause is an important parameter for urinary incontinence. Recently, nanotechnology has been applied as a remedial option for the genitourinary disease treatment. Silver nanoparticles were mediated by the Silybum marianum aqueous extract for the menopausal urinary incontinence treatment in ovariectomized rats in the current experiment. The green-formulated AgNPs@Silybum marianum were characterized by FT-IR, TEM, SEM, and UV–Vis. The SEM findings prove the spherical morphology with size of 15–60 nm. The ovariectomized rats were treated by AgNPs@Silybum marianum (5 and 20 µg/kg/day) for 56 days. According to the results, AgNPs@Silybum marianum increased the urinary bladder weight and reduced the body weights in comparison with the untreated rats. AgNPs@Silybum marianum rats indicated a dose-dependent amelioration for the acetylcholine contraction index. AgNPs@Silybum marianum also ameliorated the levels of serum 17β-estradiol, urinary bladder hydroxyproline, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, ALP, AST, and ALT in the ovariectomized rats. Based on the experiment results, the recent formulation may be applied for the menopausal urinary incontinence treatment in humans after performing the clinical research.

The safety and health of food have been persistent concerns, particularly about meat products. Low-temperature meat products refer to those that are processed at lower temperatures. Meat, rich in proteins and other nutrients, is highly susceptible to microbial contamination, leading to spoilage, particularly when processed at lower temperatures that increase storage and transportation requirements. In response to the limitations of conventional preservation methods, such as heat treatment and chemical bacteriostats, emerging preservation technologies are increasingly being adopted. These technologies aim to mitigate the negative effects of microorganisms on meat products. Non-thermal technologies and biotechnological approaches, which are low in energy consumption and energy efficiency, are becoming more prevalent. Non-thermal sterilization technology is widely applied in various food products. It maintains the original quality of food, enhances food safety, reduces energy consumption, and improves production efficiency. Biocides are extensively used in the antibacterial field owing to their high efficiency, low toxicity, and long-lasting properties. Both non-thermal sterilization technology and biocides can ensure food safety, extend the shelf life of food products, improve food quality, meet consumers’ demand for natural and healthy food, enhance market competitiveness, and play a positive role in promoting the sustainable development of the food industry. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the specific applications of biocides and non-thermal sterilization methods in food, highlighting the control parameters and their effects on microbes during low-temperature meat processing, to supply pertinent researchers with theoretical references.

Objective To investigate whether puerarin (PUE) can alleviate lipopolysarccharide(LPS)-induced renal inflammatory response in mice. Methods Thirty health control, 45 severe infection with no renal injury(N-SI group), 30 severe infection with renal injury(SI group) were enrolled in this study, Serum samples were collected. 50 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, including control(Ctrl) group, LPS group, and LPS+PUE(10, 25, 50 mg/kg·d, IP) groups. PUE was applied 1 h after LPS administration. And mice were sacrificed after 24 h and blood sample was collected. MDA, SOD, IL-33 and IL-6 expression were detected by ELISA. Results BUN, Scr, IL-6 and IL-33 in SI group were significantly increased compared with control group and N-SI group (P＜0.05). BUN and Scr of LPS group were significantly increased compared with control group. PUE decreased BUN, Scr, MDA, IL-33 and IL-6 expression and increased activity of SOD as compared with LPS group(P＜0.05). Conclusions PUE can alleviate LPS-induced renal inflammatory response in mice.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of injury time, postmortem interval （PMI） and postmortem storage temperature on mRNA expression of glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B （Gpnmb）, and to establish a linear regression model between Gpnmb mRNA expression and injury time, to provide aimed at providing potential indexes for injury time estimation.MethodsTest group SD rats were anesthetized and subjected to blunt contusion and randomly divided into 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 16 h, 20 h and 24 h groups after injury, with 18 rats in each group. After cervical dislocation, 6 rats in each group were collected and stored at 0 ℃, 16 ℃ and 26 ℃, respectively. The muscle tissue samples of quadriceps femoris injury were collected at 0 h, 12 h and 24 h postmortem at the same temperature. The grouping method and treatment method of the rats in the validation group were the same as above. The expression of Gpnmb mRNA in rat skeletal muscle was detected by RT-qPCR. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between Gpnmb mRNA expression and injury time, PMI, and postmortem storage temperature. SPSS 25.0 software was used to construct a linear regression model, and the validation group data was used for the back-substitution test.ResultsThe expression of Gpnmb mRNA continued to increase with the prolongation of injury time, and the expression level was highly correlated with injury time （P0.05）. The linear regression equation between injury time （y） and Gpnmb mRNA relative expression （x） was y=0.611 x+4.489. The back-substitution test proved that the prediction of the model was accurate.ConclusionThe expression of Gpnmb mRNA is almost not affected by the PMI and postmortem storage temperature, but is mainly related to the time of injury. Therefore, a linear regression model can be established to infer the time of injury.

Abstract Background Rabies virus (RABV) causes a fatal infection of the central nervous systems (CNS) of warm-blooded animals. Once the clinical symptoms develop, rabies is almost invariably fatal. The mechanism of RABV pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of viral infections. Our recent findings have revealed that infection with laboratory-fixed rabies virus strain can induce modulation of the microRNA profile of mouse brains. However, no previous report has evaluated the miRNA expression profile of mouse brains infected with RABV street strain. Results The results of microarray analysis show that miRNA expression becomes modulated in the brains of mice infected with street RABV. Quantitative real-time PCR assay of the differentially expressed miRNAs confirmed the results of microarray assay. Functional analysis showed the differentially expressed miRNAs to be involved in many immune-related signaling pathways, such as the Jak-STAT signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, and Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis. The predicted expression levels of the target genes of these modulated miRNAs were found to be correlated with gene expression as measured by DNA microarray and qRT-PCR. Conclusion RABV causes significant changes in the miRNA expression profiles of infected mouse brains. Predicted target genes of the differentially expression miRNAs are associated with host immune response, which may provide important information for investigation of RABV pathogenesis and therapeutic method.