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Objective: To investigate the mortality, clinical characteristics and related risk factors of death in the AIDS patient co-infected with Talaromycosis. Methods: A total of 133 AIDS patients co-infected with Talaromycosis who died from 2013 to 2021 in Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were enrolled and the information was analyzed retrospectively. The patients admitted in hospital were divided into two groups to compare the clinical data, which were 93 patients receiving antifungal therapy within 14 days after admission(Group A) and 40 patients died after 14 days (Group B). Results: From 2013 to 2021, a total of 18722 AIDS patients were admitted,and 1947 AIDS patients(10.4%) were co-infected with Talaromycosis. It revealed that 133 out of 1947 patients died, and the total mortality was 6.83%. The incidence of septic shock in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B (93.5% vs 57.5%)(P

Cd0.8Mn0.2S is a ternary particulate chemical substance that faces significant challenges with carrier recombination in the field of photocatalysis. To address this issue, we formed an internal electric field and constructed S-scheme heterojunctions using Cu2O and Cd0.8Mn0.2S nanoparticles, thereby reducing the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers. We synthesized Cd0.8Mn0.2S using a hydrothermal method, followed by employing ultrasonic self-assembly to closely couple Cd0.8Mn0.2S with Cu2O. In this configuration, Cd0.8Mn0.2S acts as the electron acceptor and Cu2O acts as the electron donor. The Cd0.8Mn0.2S/Cu2O structure forms a tight interface, providing the shortest transfer distance for electron migration. The S-scheme heterojunction strategy effectively lowers the chemical reaction barriers and facilitates vectorial separation of photogenerated carriers. Under 10 W white light illumination, the Cd0.8Mn0.2S/Cu2O composite photocatalyst demonstrates remarkable hydrogen evolution activity, achieving a hydrogen production rate of 40.06 mmol·g–1·h–1. This S-scheme interface strategy paves the way for the structural design and large-scale application of highly active visible light photocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new type of recycled polyurethane material is used as a new type of wall insulation material, and the new building insulation wall made of this paper has high efficiency thermal insulation and energy-saving characteristics and also has certain environmental significance. The thermal conductivity of the new building cold insulation recycled polyurethane material is 0.023 W/(m·K), and the thermal conductivity of the new building insulation wall prepared is 0.297 W/(m·K). Compared with traditional double-sided plastered porous wall tiles, it can save 85.4% of energy consumption per square meter, with higher thermal insulation characteristics and economic benefits. The preparation of a new type of building insulation wall proposed in this paper provides a new and green way for wall insulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The selective catalytic reduction technology that uses CO as a reductant (CO-SCR) has great potential in addressing nitrogen oxides (NOx) pollution in industry. Herein, we reported the in situ growth of highly efficient CuMnO2 nanosheet catalysts on low-cost stainless steel mesh (SSM) by a hydrothermal method, which exhibited excellent CO-SCR performance. It has been demonstrated that the prepared CuMnO2 nanosheet catalysts with high crystallinity and an exposed (001) plane could realize 100% NO conversion and N2 selectivity at 310 °C, which is comparable to other reported Cu–Mn–O catalysts. Moreover, the reaction mechanism driven by the surface synergetic oxygen vacancy of Cu–□–Mn is also proposed for enhancement of the CO-SCR performance. The good mechanical strength, easy shape processability, and high temperature stability of the inexpensive SSM support, together with the good catalytic performance of the active CuMnO2 component, could make the CuMnO2/SSM monolithic catalyst more favorable for large-scale industry application in de-NOx. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we demonstrated the controllable synthesis of a centimeter-scale two-dimensional (2D) ZnO-doped Ga2O3 nanostructure layer by a liquid Ga–Zn alloy printing strategy at near room temperature. Different from the liquid Ga–In and Ga–In–Sn alloys, the surface oxidation behavior of a liquid Ga–Zn alloy follows an obvious competition and cooxidation characteristics instead of the dominant oxidation characteristic of Ga, which could be effectively used to precisely tailor the Zn content of 2D Ga2O3 films. With an increase of the nominal Zn content in the Ga–Zn alloy from 0 to 8 atom %, the real Zn content of 2D ZnO-doped Ga2O3 films gradually increases and finally reaches a maximum saturated value of 16–18 atom % at the eutectic component of 3.87 atom %. Correspondingly, the transmittance and band gap of 2D ZnO-doped Ga2O3 films could also be tuned by changes of the Zn content and crystallinity. The method proposed in this work provides a general route toward the doping synthesis of a diverse nonlayered 2D structure, which will shed light on the applications of various displays and deep-ultraviolet optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complex quantitative traits of plants as measured on collections of genotypes across multiple environments are the outcome of processes that depend in intricate ways on genotype and environment simultaneously. For a better understanding of the genetic architecture of such traits as observed across environments, genotype-by-environment interaction should be modeled with statistical models that use explicit information on genotypes and environments. The modeling approach we propose explains genotype-by-environment interaction by differential quantitative trait locus (QTL) expression in relation to environmental variables. We analyzed grain yield and grain moisture for an experimental data set composed of 976 [F.sub.5] maize testcross progenies evaluated across 12 environments in the U.S.com belt during 1994 and 1995. The strategy we used was based on mixed models and started with a phenotypic analysis of multi-environment data, modeling genotype-by-environment interactions and associated genetic correlations between environments, while taking into account intraenvironmental error structures. The phenotypic mixed models were then extended to QTL models via the incorporation of marker information as genotypic covariables. A majority of the detected QTL showed significant QTL-by-environment interactions (QEI). The QEI were further analyzed by including environmental covariates into the mixed model. Most QEI could be understood as differential QTL expression conditional on longitude or year, both consequences of temperature differences during critical stages of the growth.

Surveys of pedigree usage indicate that breeding programs can generate genetic diversity in time. There are also concerns that genetic diversity is being lost. Previous studies of pedigree usage in U.S. maize (Zea mays L.) production have reviewed usage of publicly bred inbred lines. However, proprietary inbred lines were already contributing over 90% of U.S. maize production by 1985. This chronological study of germplasm usage compliments previous studies of genetic diversity in U.S. maize production by reporting the pedigree backgrounds of 68 proprietary, widely used maize hybrids released by Pioneer Hi-Bred International during the period 1930 to 1999. Objectives are to identify founder sources for the hybrids and to reveal changes in founder contributions through time. We also compare founder usage with pedigrees of widely used U.S. public inbred lines to measure the extent of their reliance on common germplasm backgrounds. Pedigrees of the hybrids collectively traced to at least 61 founders. Several founders of the hybrids had complex pedigrees. Founder backgrounds of the hybrids could be traced to at least 22 landraces with additional contributions from other populations or landraces. Public lines used for comparison traced to 14 founders. Nine founders of the public lines were common in the era hybrids; five were unique to the public lines. Differences in founder contributions were evident for the era hybrids and the public lines. Significant contributions from both the private and public sectors were evident in the pedigrees of the era hybrids. Diversity in time was evident. Hybrids tended to associate by decade of initial release. Most new founder contributions occurred in the 1940s (35%), 1960s (36%), and 1980s (20%). Breeding networks have allowed germplasm that was once exotic to the central Corn Belt to contribute improved productivity in that region., INCREASED GRAIN YIELD POTENTIAL of maize is due to the successive development of better adapted varieties (Duvick, 1977, 1984a, 1984b, 1992; Castleberry et al., 1984; Derieux et al., 1987; Russell, [...]

Legacy of Phenotype-Based Pedigree Selection PEDIGREE BREEDING STRATEGIES have been the basis for genetic improvement of corn (Zea mays L.) in Pioneer Hi-Bred from the foundation of the company in [...]

Introduction: Immune imbalance is a fundamental immunological feature of allergic rhinitis (AR). The autophagy in CD11c + dendritic cells (DCs), the strongest antigen-presenting cells, was reported to induce the occurrence of AR by facilitating CD4+ T cell immune imbalance and subsequent inflammation. Our study was designed to confirm that inhibition of DC autophagy can alleviate the progression of AR by inhibiting the T cell immune imbalance., Methods: The AR mouse model was established by using ovalbumin (OVA). OVA-induced mouse models were then injected intraperitoneally with the autophagy inhibitor Baf-A1. Levels of OVA-specific IgE, PGD2, ECP, LTC4, and Th1/Th2/Th17 cell-related cytokines in serum or nasal lavage fluid (NLF) were examined using the corresponding commercial ELISA kits. Morphological changes in the nasal mucosa were observed by HE staining. Nasal mucosa tissues were collected for western blotting to assess the expression of autophagy markers (LC3, P62, and Beclin 1) in each group of mice., Results: Baf-A1 treatment alleviated the allergic symptoms, mitigated inflammatory immune cell infiltration in the nasal mucosa, decreased IgE, LTC4, ECP, and PGD2 levels in both serum and NLF, impaired CD11c + DC autophagy, and restored Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine imbalance in OVA-induced AR mice. Furthermore, Baf-A1 treatment also reversed the immune imbalance of CD4+ T cell subtypes and attenuated Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine imbalance in vitro., Conclusion: Inhibition of CD11c + DC autophagy suppressed the immune imbalance of CD4+ T cell subsets and attenuated the subsequent inflammatory response, thereby ameliorating the progression of AR., (©The Author(s) 2024. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY International License.)