Search

Fenestrulina delicia Winston, Hayward & Craig, 2000 (Fig. 28) Fenestrulina delicia Winston, Hayward & Craig, 2000: 417, figs 13–15; De Blauwe 2009: 386, figs 415–417. Wasson & De Blauwe 2014: 2, figs 2, 3; López-Gappa & Liuzzi 2016: 510, fig. 2a-d. Material examined. MACN-In 43879, Storni pier, Puerto Madryn, October 27, 2016, collected by Karen Castro. Description. See Winston et al. (2000) and López-Gappa & Liuzzi (2016). Remarks. The dispersion of F. delicia from Quequén to other Argentine harbours was predicted by LópezGappa & Liuzzi (2016). In Puerto Madryn the species has not yet attained the high frequency that it had in Quequén harbour in 2012–2013. Distribution. Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America (Winston et al. 2000; Dick et al. 2005), Europe (De Blauwe 2009; Wasson & De Blauwe 2014), Quequén harbour (López-Gappa & Liuzzi 2016) and Chubut Province, Argentina (this study)., Published as part of López-Gappa, Juan, Liuzzi, María G., Castro, Karen L., Bobinac, Magalí & Schwindt, Evangelina, 2022, Fouling bryozoans in Argentine harbours (Southwest Atlantic): new records and the description of a new species, pp. 374-400 in Zootaxa 5205 (4) on page 388, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5205.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7307128, {"references":["Winston, J. E., Hayward, P. J. & Craig, S. F. (2000) Marine bryozoans of the northeast coast of the United States: New and problem species. In: Herrera-Cubilla, A. & Jackson, J. B. C. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11 th International Bryozoology Association Conference. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archeology, Balboa, pp. 412 - 420.","De Blauwe, H. (2009) Mosdiertjes van de Zuidelijke bocht van de Noordzee: determinatiewerk voor Belgie en Nederland. Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee, Oostende, 445 pp.","Wasson, B. & De Blauwe, H. (2014) Two new records of cheilostome Bryozoa from British waters. Marine Biodiversity Records, 7, e 123. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267214001213","Lopez-Gappa, J. & Liuzzi, M. G. (2016) High density of the alien bryozoan Fenestrulina delicia in the fouling assemblage of a South American harbour (Argentina). Marine Biodiversity, 46, 509 - 513. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 015 - 0380 - 2","Dick, M. H., Grischenko, A. V. & Mawatari, S. F. (2005) Intertidal Bryozoa (Cheilostomata) of Ketchikan, Alaska. Journal of Natural History, 39, 3687 - 3784. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930500415195"]}

Bryozoans are a moderately diverse, mostly marine phylum with a fossil record extending to the Early Ordovician. Compared to other phyla, little is known about their phylogenetic relationships at both lower and higher taxonomic levels. Hence, an effort is being made to elucidate their phylogenetic relationships. Here, we present newly sequenced nuclear and mitochondrial genes for 21 cheilostome bryozoans. Combining these data with existing orthologous molecular data, we focus on reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships of Fenestrulina and Microporella, two species-rich genera. They are currently placed in Microporellidae, defined by having a semicircular primary orifice and a proximal ascopore. Our six-gene phylogenetic analysis reveals that the genera Fenestrulina and Microporella are each monophyletic, with the sister clade to Microporella comprising non-microporellids. Our result hence supports the reinstatement of the family Fenestrulinidae Jullien, 1888 for Fenestrulina and genera with comparable frontal shield and ooecial morphologies. Our well-supported phylogeny, based on independent molecular data, lends credit to existing phylogenetic hypotheses based on morphological observations but does not conform to the current classification of these bryozoans. This illustrates the general need for a rethink of bryozoan higher level systematics, ideally based on both morphological and molecular data.

Fenestrulina multiflorum n. sp. (FIg. 15; TAbLE 17) Etymology. LATIN ‘ multi- ’, MORE THAN ONE, AND ‘ flΟs ’, FLOWER, ALLUDINg TO THE LARgE FLOWER-LIKE PORES. Material examined. HΟlΟtype: CRBA-58233, STN PAT0209DR05, COLONY C. 10 MM LONg, 2 MM WIDE, ENCRUSTINg CORAL. Description. COLONY FORMINg ENCRUSTINg PATCHES; COLONY SIZE AbOUT 10 MM LONg bY 2 MM WIDE. AUTOZOOIDS ELONgATE-OVAL TO HEXAgONAL, CONVEX, SEPARATED bY DEEP, WIDE gROOVES, WITH THE VERTICAL WALLS OF EACH AUTOZOOID FORMINg A bORDER TO THE FRONTAL WALL; UNCALCIFIED WINDOW IN THE bASAL WALLS. FRONTAL SHIELD WITH NUMEROUS LARgE, CLOSELY SPACED, STELLATE PORES OVER ITS WHOLE SURFACE, AND WITH A SINgLE SERIES bETWEEN THE ORIFICE AND THE ASCOPORE. PRIMARY ORIFICE WIDER THAN LONg. FOUR OR FIVE SLENDER ORAL SPINES. ASCOPORE SEPARATED FROM THE ORIFICE bY A DISTANCE ALMOST EqUIVALENT TO THE ORIFICE LENgTH; NARROWLY OVAL, FINELY DENTICULATE. OVICELL gLObOSE, SURFACE CORRUgATED. Remarks. THIS gENUS IS DIVERSE IN ANTARCTIC AND SUbANTARCTIC SOUTH ATLANTIC WATERS bUT ONLY THE NEW SPECIES HAS AUTOZOOIDS WITH FOUR OR FIVE ORAL SPINES IN THE SAME COLONY. THE ANTARCTIC SPECIES Fenestrulina mariΟni HAYWARD & RYLAND, 1990 HAS STRICTLY FIVE ORAL SPINES, AND SIX ANTARCTIC AND SUbANTARCTIC SPECIES CONSISTENTLY HAVE FOUR ORAL SPINES: F. amplissima HAYWARD, 1980, F. cerνicΟrnis HAYWARD & RYLAND, 1990, F. dictyΟta HAYWARD & RYLAND, 1990, F. dupla HAYWARD & RYLAND, 1990, F. hΟrrida MOYANO, 1985 AND F. specca GORDON, 1989. F. mariΟni HAS A SINgLE MARgINAL SERIES OF STELLATE PORES. F. multiflΟrum n. sp. DIFFERS FROM F. amplissima, F. cerνicΟrnis AND F. dictyΟta MAINLY IN THE PRESENCE OF STOUT SPINES, bIFURCATED IN THE LATTER SPECIES. F. hΟrrida HAS A SMALLER, VERYINCONSPICUOUS ASCOPORE. F. dupla HAS PORES OVER ITS WHOLE SURFACE AND A SINgLE SERIES bETWEEN THE ORIFICE AND THE ASCOPORE INSTEAD OF TWO SERIES; THE PORES ARE ALSO EXCEPTIONALLY LARgE AND PUSTULOSE, WHICH DISTINgUISHES THEM FROM THOSE IN F. ampla CANU AND BASSLER, 1928. HAYWARD & WINSTON (2011) REPORTED THE NEW ZEALAND SPECIES Fenestrulina specca GORDON, 1989 FROM THE SOUTHWEST ATLANTIC; IT HAS THREE OR FOUR SLENDER SPINES bUT IT DIFFERS FROM THE NEW SPECIES IN THE PRESENCE OF A DOUbLE SERIES OF PSEUDOPORES bETWEEN THE ORIFICE AND THE ASCOPORE AND THE CALCIFIED ENDOOECIUM IS FINELY gRANULAR. n, number of measurements made; SD, standard deviation

Fenestrulina curviscutum n. sp. (FIg. 14; TAbLE 16) Etymology. LATIN ��� cur��us ���, CURVED, AND ��� scutum ���, SHIELD, ALLUDINg TO THE CONCAVE RIDgE THAT ENCLOSES THE ASCOPORE; USED AS A NOUN IN APPOSITION. Material examined. H��l��type: CRBA-58232, STN PAT1008BC24, COLONY C. 5 MM LONg, 2 MM WIDE, ENCRUSTINg CORAL. Description. COLONY ENCRUSTINg; COLONY SIZE C. 5 MM LONg, 2 MM WIDE. ZOOIDS LARgE, VERY CONVEX, FRONTAL SHIELD IMPERFORATE CENTRALLY, SMOOTH, RISINg TO A SUbORIFICIAL RIDgE THAT ENCLOSES THE ASCOPORE AND 2���4 PSEUDOPORES; AbOUT 9 SMALL AREOLAR PORES ALONg EACH LATERAL MARgIN; ASCOPORE SUbORAL, NON-DENTICULATE, SEPARATED FROM THE PROXIMAL ORIFICIAL RIM bY A SMOOTH NARROW AREA. A bOUNDARY bETWEEN THE CRYPTOCYSTAL CALCIFICATION OF THE FRONTAL SHIELD AND THE gYMNOCYSTAL CALCIFICATION OF THE VERTICAL WALLS. PRIMARY ORIFICE TRANSVERSELY D-SHAPED, WIDER THAN LONg. SIX ORAL SPINES. OVICELL PROMINENT, SMOOTH, DISTAL MARgIN PERFORATED bY PORES THAT COMMUNICATE WITH OOECIAL COELOM. Remarks. Fenestrulina cur��iscutum n. sp. IS EXCEPTIONAL IN THE gENUS FOR THE EXTREME REDUCTION OF THE SUbORAL AREA THAT ENCLOSES THE ASCOPORE AND A FEW ADjACENT PSEUDOPORES; NONE OCCURS bETWEEN THE ASCOPORE AND ORIFICIAL RIM. IN MANY SPECIES OF Fenestrulina THE MARgINAL AREOLAR PSEUDOPORES HAVE COMPLEX RADII, LIKE THE PORES THAT OCCUR PROXIMAL TO THE ORIFICE AND OFTEN ELSEWHERE IN THE FRONTAL SHIELD. IN F. cur��iscutum n. sp. ALL PORES ARE SIMPLE, LACKINg RADII. THE RIDgE THAT ENCLOSES THE ASCOPORE IS UNUSUAL IN EXTENDINg AROUND THE PROXIMAL PART OF THE ORIFICE. HOWEVER, THE ANTARCTIC SPECIES F. asperula HAYWARD & WINSTON, 2011 HAS A RIDgED bORDER ENCIRCLINg THE ASCOPORE. n, number of measurements made; SD, standard deviation, Published as part of Figuerola, Blanca, Gordon, Dennis P. & Cristobo, Javier, 2018, New deep Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) species from the Southwestern Atlantic: shedding light in the dark, pp. 211-249 in Zootaxa 4375 (2) on page 233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4375.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1298290

The Bryozoa of subantarctic Marion and Prince Edward Islands were sampled over the period 1982–1989 by dredging, SCUBA-diving and intertidal surveys. This paper comprises illustrated keys to all 82 species of Bryozoa collected during these and previous surveys, including 15 new species, 17 new records and 8 species identified to generic level. Summaries are provided of the depth distributions, abundances and habitats of the species. In all, 15 species were recorded in the shallow subtidal SCUBA surveys with Bicrisia edwardsiana in 70% of these samples, Celleporella bougainvillei and Celleporella alia in 58%, Figularia philomela in 47% and Fenestrulina majuscula in 44%. A total of 78 species was recorded from the dredged survey.

Fenestrulina commensalis n. sp. (Figures 2 A���C, 3 A���F; Table 1) Type material. Holotype. MZUSP 856, from Guaibura Beach (20 �� 43 ' 39.2 " S, 40 �� 31 ' 17.7 " W), Guarapari, Esp��rito Santo state, Brazil, on tubes of Pachycerianthus sp., 5���10 m, coll. S.N. Stampar, 10 / 12 / 2008 (part of specimen without organic tissues). Etymology. The specific name alludes to the association of the species with the tube-dwelling anemone host. Diagnosis. Unilaminar colonies anchored to substratum by chitinous rhizoids; hexagonal autozooids weakly connected to adjacent zooids; frontal shield with 50���70 reticulate pseudopores. Orifice transversely D-shaped with small proximal angular condyles and a single distal spine; orifice of ovicelled zooids wider than in non-ovicelled zooids; ascopore with median distal process and several short denticles on proximal edge of lumen; no avicularia; ooecia subglobular, longer than wide, with peripheral pores. Abfrontal surface of zooid often with 1���2 pore chambers. Description. Colony unilaminar (Fig. 2 A���B), loosely attached to substratum by chitinous rhizoids from abfrontal pore chambers (Fig. 2 C). Autozooids hexagonal, longer than wide (Table 1), separated by distinct grooves and slightly raised walls, with adjacent zooids weakly contiguous (Fig. 3 A���B). Frontal shield almost flat; 50���70 reticulate pseudopores on frontal surface, these more densely spaced around orifice (Fig. 3 C) and between orifice and ascopore (Fig. 3 D); each pseudopore with 3���6 radial partitions subdividing the pore into deltoidpetaloid areas, each of which may also have a short radial denticle (Fig. 3 C,D). Primary orifice dimorphic, wider than long (Table 1), transversely D-shaped, with a pair of small angular condyles; ovicelled zooids with wider orifice than in non-ovicelled zooids. A single thin mid-distal spine in non-ovicelled zooids (Fig. 3 C). Ascopore placed on frontal wall at c. three-fifths of zooid length, transversely ���-shaped, wider than long (Table 1), with median distal process and 10���15 short denticles on proximal edge of lumen (Fig. 3 D). Avicularium absent. Ooecia subglobular, smooth, slightly longer than wide (Table 1), with a peripheral row of basal pores (Fig. 3 B). Ancestrula not seen. Abfrontal surface of zooid often with 1���2 pore chambers (Fig. 3 E���F). Geographical distribution. The species occurs on tubes of Pachycerianthus sp. on the coast of Esp��rito Santo, Brazil, at 5���10 meters depth. Remarks. More than 60 species of Fenestrulina have been described worldwide (Bock 2013). Fenestrulina commensalis n. sp. is only the third species of the genus reported in Brazilian waters (Vieira et al. 2008) and the first species in the Atlantic with only a single oral spine in infertile zooids (Vieira et al. 2010 a; see also below). Among the species reported in Brazil, Fenestrulina ampla Canu & Bassler, 1928 is known from Rio de Janeiro and S��o Paulo from 99���147 meters (Vieira et al. 2010 a) and Fenestrulina malusii (Audouin, 1826) is reported from Esp��rito Santo (Marcus 1955). Both are distinguished from F. commensalis in having more numerous oral spines (3 in F. ampla and 3���4 in F. malusii) in non-ovicelled zooids and a less-porous frontal wall. The characteristic rootlets of the basal wall in F. commensalis are apparently lacking in F. ampla and F. malusii. Two other species of Fenestrulina may have only a single oral spine��� Fenestrulina harmeri Winston & Heimberg, 1986 from Indonesia and Fenestrulina delicia Winston, Hayward & Craig, 2000 from the NW Atlantic, Europe (De Blauwe 2009) and the Gulf of Alaska to California (Dick et al. 2005)���but basal rootlets have not been described in these species. Fenestrulina harmeri differs from F. commensalis in having shorter zooids (0.450��� 0.540 mm long in F. h a r m e r i versus 0.635���0.790 mm long in F. commensalis) and a narrow ascopore (0.036���0.054 mm wide in F. h a r m e r i versus 0.057���0.071 mm wide in F. commensalis). Fenestrulina delicia has large zooids like those of F. commensalis, but it is distinguished by its ovicelled zooids with two oral spines (non-ovicelled zooids may also have 1���4 spines), shape of frontal pores (large and closely spaced in F. delicia) and ascopore with irreguarly branched processes terminating in tiny projections. Fenestrulina commensalis is most similar to Fenestrulina mutabilis (Hastings, 1932), described from Australia, in having rootlet-chambera in the basal wall and in the shape of frontal pores. Fenestrulina mutabilis has erect or slightly encrusting colonies anchored by chitinous rhizoids developing from 1���3 basal chambers (see Hastings 1932; Harmer 1957). Erect colonies were not observed in F. commensalis n. sp. Fenestrulina mutabilis is particularly distinguished from F. commensalis in having an oval uncalcified area in the distal part of basal wall and in the number of oral spines (one spine in F. commensalis n. sp. versus 2���4 spines in F. mutabilis). Gordon (1984) also described a Fenestrulina from New Zealand with three large basal pores, Fenestrulina malusii pulchra (= Fenestrulina thyreophora (Busk, 1857)); it is distinguished from F. commensalis in having large and finely punctured frontal pores and no oral spines., Published as part of Vieira, Leandro M. & Stampar, Sergio N., 2014, A new Fenestrulina (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) commensal with tube-dwelling anemones (Cnidaria, Ceriantharia) in the tropical southwestern Atlantic, pp. 365-374 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 367-368, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/230085, {"references":["Bock, P. (2013) Recent and Fossil Bryozoa: Fenestrulina Jullien, 1888. Available from: http: // bryozoa. net / cheilostomata / microporellidae / fenestrulina. html (accessed 19 November 2013)","Vieira, L. M., Migotto, A. E. & Winston, J. E. (2008) Synopsis and annotated checklist of Recent marine Bryozoa from Brazil. Zootaxa, 1810, 1 - 39.","Vieira, L. M., Gordon, D. P., Souza, F. B. C. & Haddad, M. A. (2010 a) New and little-known cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the south and southeastern Brazilian continental shelf and slope. Zootaxa, 2722, 1 - 53.","Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1928) Bryozoaires du Bresil. Bulletin de la Societe des Seine-et-Oise, 9 (5), 58 - 100, 9 pls.","Audouin, J. V. (1826) Explication sommaire des planches de Polypes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, publiees par Jules-Cesar Savigny. In: Panckoucke, C. L. F. (Org.), Description de l'Egypte ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont ete faites en Egyptes pendant l'Expedition de l'Armee francaise … Histoire naturelle. Tome 1 (4). Imprimerie Imperiale, Paris, pp. 225 - 244.","Marcus, E. (1955) Notas sobre briozoos marinhos Brasileiros. Arquivos do Museu Nacional, 42 (1), 273 - 341.","Winston, J. E. & Heimberg, B. F. (1986) Bryozoans from Bali, Lombok, and Komodo. American Museum Novitates, 2847, 1 - 49.","Winston, J. E., Hayward, P. J. & Craig, S. F. (2000) Marine bryozoans of the northeast coast of United States: new and problem species. In: Herrera-Cubilla, A. & Jackson, J. B. C. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11 th International Bryozoology Association. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, R. P., pp. 412 - 420.","De Blauwe, H. (2009) Mosdertjes van de Zuidelijke bocht van de Noordzee: Determinatiewerk voor Belgie en Nederland. Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee (VLIZ), Oostende, 445 pp.","Dick, M. H., Grischenko, A. V. & Mawatari, J. F. (2005) Intertidal Bryozoa (Cheilostomata) of Ketchikan, Alaska. Journal of Natural History, 39 (43), 3687 - 3784. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930500415195","Hastings, A. B. (1932) The Polyzoa, with a note on an associated hydroid. Great Barrier Reef Expedition, Scientific Report, 12, 399 - 458.","Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora. II. Siboga-Expeditie, 28 d, xv 641 - 1147, pls. 42 - 74.","Gordon, D. P. (1984) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec Ridge. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 91, 1 - 198.","Busk, G. (1857) Zoophytology. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 5, 172 - 174, pls 15, 16."]}

Fifteen new species of cheilostomatous Bryozoa are described from the subantarctic Marion and Prince Edward Islands: Pyriporoides judyae, Valdemunitella dianae, Cornucopina elongata, Cornucopina bryonyae, Cornucopina antlera, Paracellaria elizabethae, Filaguria lithocrustata, Celleporella marionensis, Catenicella glabrosa, Ipsibuffonella hyalina, Parkermavella corrugata, Calloporina spinosa, Fenestrulina pumicosa, Microporella mandibulata, and Reteporellina berylae. Two species originally described from the region, Sclerodomus myriozoides and Reteporella gigantea, are here reported for only the second time, while three others, Celleporella alia, Celleporella bougainvillei, and Talivittaticella frigida, represent new records for Marion Island. Phonicosia jousseaumei was previously recorded from Marion Island as P. circinata.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T07:14:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-03-21 A new species of cheilostome bryozoan, Fenestrulina commensalis n. sp., was collected in December 2008 by scuba at 5-10 meters depth at Guaibura Beach, Guarapari, Espírito Santo state, southeastern Brazil. The specimen was found associated with tubes of the cerianthid Pachycerianthus sp., representing the first commensal association between a bryozoan and a tube-dwelling anemone. Fenestrulina commensalis n. sp. is the third species of the genus found in Brazilian waters; it is distinguished from other Atlantic species of Fenestrulina by its small angular orificial condyles, a single oral spine and basal anchoring rhizoids arising from abfrontal pore chambers. Morphological adaptations to encrust the tubes of cerianthids include anchoring rootlets and weakly contiguous zooids. These morphological features allow the colony the flexibility to grow around the tube and feed relatively undisturbed by silt and detritus, being raised well above the softsediment substratum in which the tube-anemone grows. Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press. Centro de Biologia Marinha Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião, SP 11600-000 Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio De Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Dom Antonio, 2100, Assis, SP 19806-900 Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio De Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Dom Antonio, 2100, Assis, SP 19806-900

The recently described Escharoides bishopi and the non-native Fenestrulina delicia are recorded for the first time from British waters.

Since 1980 many papers dealing wholly or partly with the genus Fenestrulina have been published, mainly by Anglo-Saxon and South American authors: e.g. Gordon (1984, 1989), Hayward (1980), Hayward & Ryland (1990), Hayward & Taylor (1984), Moyano (1985). These studies have increased the number of species of the genus known around the world. However, few authors have worked on the genus Fenestrulina in European seas, probably because it was assumed that this taxon was well known in these regions.

Fenestrulina juani n. sp. (Figs 13���19; Table 4) Material examined. Holotype: MNCN- 25.03 / 3822: Stn P 2, 39.77571 �� N, 3.49746 �� E, 01/03/ 2009, 57.4 m. Paratypes: MNCN- 25.03 /3821, 3823, 3824: Stn P 2, 39.77571 �� N, 3.49746 �� E, 01/03/ 2009, 57.4 m (4 colonies). MNHN- 10382: Gautier Collection: Stn B 10, ���Prof Lac Duth���, June 1952, ��les Bal��ares, 2 ancestrulae and first autozooid, with the holotype of Cribellopora simplex (Gautier, 1957). Diagnosis. Colony encrusting. Zooids with pseudostellate pores in one marginal row and about 20 in a triangular area between orifice and ascopore. Articulated oral spines present, the proximolateral pair bifurcate. Ascopore with a proximal well-developed ligula. Ovicell covered with thick, rounded nodules. Etymology. This species is dedicated to Mr Juan Fern��ndez Taboada, son of E.F.-P. Description. Colony encrusting, unilaminar, forming irregular crusts, whitish-grey in preserved material. Autozooids hexagonal to rounded-rhomboidal, in alternating series separated by distinct grooves. Frontal shield convex, rough, covered by fine ridges, giving the aspect of ���hammered metal���. Primary orifice Dshaped, wider than long. Articulated oral spines 3 in the zone of astogenetic repetition, the middle one simple, the proximolateral pair bifurcate, the distal tine slightly longer than the proximal one; post-ancestrula zooid with 6 oral spines, the proximal pair bifurcate. Ascopore in centre of zooid, surrounded by a rim with raised edge, especially proximally; opening crescentic, with delicate denticulations. Pseudopores pseudostellate, with 3���5 (often 4) radii, these not joined in the centre; deeply immersed, comprising 1 marginal row and 2 rows in the distal half, these sometimes occluded by secondary calcification; about 20 pores in a triangular area between the orifice and the ascopore. Two distolateral depressions separated by a mid-distal spine, each one with 2���3 pores; the depressions more separated in ovicellate zooids. Large basal pore-chambers present. Ovicell globular, prominent, surrounded by a single series of marginal pores; initially smooth, but soon covered by thick, rounded nodules, irregularly arranged. Ancestrula tatiform, with 9 peripheral spines. Daughter zooid budded mid-distally, small. Mean SD Minimum Maximum N Autozooid length 0.589 0.0686 0.469 0.765 20 Autozooid width 0.360 0.0403 0.306 0.439 20 Primary orifice height 0.087 0.0116 0.071 0.112 20 Primary orifice width 0.137 0.0112 0.122 0.163 20 Distance Asc���Orif 0.167 0.0141 0.143 0.194 20 Ovicell length 0.285 0.0234 0.255 0.316 6 Ovicell width 0.303 0.0187 0.286 0.337 6 SD, Standard deviation; N, number of measurements. Remarks. No ancestrula was found in the material collected; however, in the lectotype of Cribellopora simplex Gautier, also from the Balearic Islands (see below), we found two ancestrulae with one zooid of F. juani (Figs 18, 19). Fenestrulina is a speciose genus with 60 named taxa (Bock 2010). The majority exhibit a relatively uniform morphology, with relatively few having extremes of variability. Fenestrulina juani, however, exhibits a combination of distinctive features that are not widely distributed in the genus. For example, whereas many species have pseudopores that are either simple or stellate, those in F. juani are ���pseudostellate��� in that they have radii that fail to joint in the centre. Bifurcate spines are also distinctive, though not uncommon in the genus, being found in species such as Fenestrulina cervicornis Hayward & Ryland, 1990 and F. d i c t y o t a Hayward & Ryland, 1990 from the Antarctic and F. disjuncta (Hincks, 1885) and F. littoralis Gordon, 2009 from New Zealand. A South Atlantic species attributed to F. m a l u s i i (Audouin, 1826) by Hayward (1980) also has bifurcated proximolateral spines. On the other hand, the ovicell of F. juani is exceptional in its verrucosity. Generally, the ovicell in Fenestrulina species globular and smooth; in some cases there are ridges, as in F. reticulata Powell, 1967 from New Zealand and especially F. rugula Hayward & Ryland, 1990 from Antarctica. The ovicell of F. juani, however, is exceptionally rugose. Finally, Fenestrulina malusii, the type species of the genus, has subcleithral ovicells (Ostrovsky 2008). In F. juani, however, it appears that ovicells may not be closed by the operculum, unless this is an artefact of preservation (cf. Figs 15, 16). At present, six Recent and one fossil species of Fenestrulina are known in Europe, but there seems to be no obvious relationship between F. juani and any of the other species., Published as part of Souto, Javier, Reverter-Gil, Oscar & Fern��ndez-Pulpeiro, Eugenio, 2010, Bryozoa from detritic bottoms in the Menorca Channel (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean), with notes on the genus Cribellopora, pp. 36-52 in Zootaxa 2536 on pages 43-45, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196619, {"references":["Gautier, Y. - V. (1957) Bryozoaires des Iles Baleares. Resultats des Campagnes \" Prof. Lacaze-Duthiers \". Vie et Milieu, 2, 205 - 222.","Bock, P. (2010) Recent and fossil Bryozoa: Fenestrulina Jullien, 1888. Available from: http: // www. bryozoa. net / cheilostomata / microporellidae / fenestrulina. html. (Accessed January 2010).","Hayward, P. J. & Ryland, J. S. (1990) Some Antarctic and subantarctic species of Microporellidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Journal of Natural History 24, 1263 - 1287.","Hincks, T. (1885) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. Part XIV. Polyzoa from New Zealand and Australia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 5, 15, 244 - 254.","Gordon, D. P. (2009) New bryozoan taxa from a new marine conservation area in New Zealand, with a checklist of Bryozoa from Greater Cook Strait. Zootaxa 1987, 39 - 60.","Audouin, J. V. (1826) Explication sommaire des planches de polypes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, publiees par Jules-Cesar Savigny. In: Audouin, J. V. (ed.), Description de l'Egypte, ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont etait faites en Egypte pendant l'expedition de l'armee francaise. Histoire Naturelle Vol. Tome 1, 4 partie. Imprimerie Imperiale, Paris.","Hayward, P. J. (1980) Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from the South Atlantic. Journal of Natural History, 14, 701 - 722.","Powell, N. A. (1967) Polyzoa (Bryozoa) - Ascophora - from north New Zealand. Discovery Reports 34, 199 - 393.","Ostrovsky, A. N. (2008) Brood chambers in cheilostome Bryozoa: diversity and revised terminology. In: Hageman, S. J., Key, M. M. J. Jr & Winston, J. E. (Eds), Proceedings of the 14 th International Bryozoology Association Conference, Boone, North Carolina, July 1 - 8, 2007. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication No. 15, 193 - 205."]}

Fenestrulina ampla Canu & Bassler, 1928 a (Figures 58���63, Table 12) Fenestrulina ampla Canu & Bassler, 1928 a: 84, pl. 6, figs. 5���6; Vieira et al., 2008: 30 (checklist). Material examined. MZUSP 0 308, Brazil, project REVIZEE South SCORE, RV ���Prof. Wladimir Besnard���, station 6661. MZUSP 0 309, station 6661. MZUSP 0310��� 311, station 6678. Comparative material. Fenestrulina ampla Canu & Bassler, USNM 8560 (holotype specimen, figs 58���60), 21 �� 48 ���S 40 �� 3 ��� W, off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 128 m. Redescription. Colony encrusting, calcified, unilaminar, flat in later ontogeny. Autozooids hexagonal to oblong, convex, separated by distinct grooves. Frontal shield smooth, convex, with irregularly distributed stellate pores, absent below ascopore; pores mostly present between orifice and ascopore and at the border of the zoecium; ascopore small, crescentic, denticulate, slightly raised and situated slightly distal to middle point of zooid. Primary orifice large, D-shaped, wider than long; 3 small oral spines in non-ovicelled zooids; ovicelled zooids with 2 oral spines. Ovicell subglobular, large, closed by maternal operculum; frontal surface flat with some frontal ridges, conspicuous at midpoint in later ontogeny; inconspicuous basal pores. n min���max mean SD Autozooid length 10 0.596���0.739 0.687 0.051 Autozooid width 10 0.457 ���0.700 0.491 0.092 Orifice length 10 0.135���0.170 0.149 0.012 Orifice width 10 0.188���0.243 0.202 0.019 Ovicell length 4 0.370���0.416 0.397 0.022 Ovicell width 4 0.374���0.415 0.402 0.018 Remarks. Fenestrulina ampla was originally described from off Rio de Janeiro by Canu & Bassler (1928 a) (holotype USNM 8560, 21�� 48 ���S 40 �� 3 ��� W, 128 m), and was characterized by large zooids and a frontal shield with some large stellate pores. Some colonies from REVIZEE samples were found on Aulopocella americana n. sp. (MZUSP 0308) with other bryozoans, such as Smittina migottoi n. sp. and Arachnopusia spp. Fenestrulina majuscula Hayward, 1980 from the Falkland Islands is also characterized by large zooids with several large frontal pores, but the pores in this species are closer together than those found in F. ampla. Hayward and Ryland (1990) also described a distinct elongate mural pore chamber with multiporous septula in each lateral wall of F. m a j u s c u l a, which is not the case in F. a m p l a. Fenestrulina majuscula also differs from F. ampla in having two distal spines. Hayward and Ryland (1990) recorded and desribed some new and little-known species of Fenestrulina Jullien, 1888 from Antarctic and subantarctic South Atlantic waters. These species are distinguished from Brazilian F. ampla by presence/absence and number of oral spines. Fenestrulina amplissima Hayward, 1980, F. cervicornis Hayward & Ryland, 1990, F. d i c t y o t a Hayward & Ryland, 1990, F. dupla Hayward & Ryland, 1990 and F. horrida Moyano, 1985 have four oral spines. Two species, F. exigua (Waters, 1904) and F. proxima (Waters, 1904), have six oral spines, and only F. marioni Hayward & Ryland, 1990 has five. Four species have zooids without oral spines, viz. F. fritilla Hayward & Ryland, 1990, F. crystallina Hayward & Ryland, 1990, F. i n c u s a Hayward & Ryland, 1990 and F. jucunda Hayward & Ryland, 1990; only two, F. rugula Hayward & Ryland, 1990 and F. m a j u s c u l a, have a single pair. Fenestrulina ampla is characterized by the presence of three oral spines in non-ovicelled zooids and two in ovicelled zooids. Distribution. Brazil: off Rio de Janeiro (Canu & Bassler 1928 a) and S��o Paulo states (present study), 99��� 147 m., Published as part of Vieira, Leandro M., Gordon, Dennis P., Souza, Facelucia B. C. & Haddad, Maria Ang��lica, 2010, New and little-known cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the south and southeastern Brazilian continental shelf and slope, pp. 1-53 in Zootaxa 2722 on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276516, {"references":["Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1928 a) Bryozoaires du Bresil. Bulletin de la Societe des Seine-et-Oise, 9 (5), 58 - 100, 9 pls.","Vieira, L. M., Migotto, A. E. & Winston, J. E. (2008) Synopsis and annotated checklist of Recent marine Bryozoa from Brazil. Zootaxa, 1810, 1 - 39.","Hayward, P. J. (1980) Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from the South Atlantic. Journal of Natural History, 14, 701 - 722.","Hayward, P. J. & Ryland, J. S. (1990) Some Antarctic and Subantarctic species of Microporellidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Journal of Natural History, 24, 1263 - 1287.","Jullien, J. (1888) Bryozoaires. Mission Scientifique du Cap Horn 1882 - 1883, 6, Zoologie, 3, 1 - 92, 15 pls.","Waters, A. W. (1904) Bryozoa, Resultats du Voyage du S. V. ' Belgica', Zoologie. Expedition Antarctique Belge, 4, 1 - 114."]}

A new species of Fenestrulina Jullien, 1888, F. asturiasensis sp. nov., is described from the northern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. The main diagnostic features of this species are: four to five oral spines, a completely porous frontal wall and non-stellate frontal pores. These features have allowed the author to differentiate it from F. malusii (Audouin), another species of the genus Fenestrulina Jullien recorded in the same region.

Eighteen species of Cheilostome Bryozoa, in the family Microporellidae, are described from Antarctic, Subantarctic and South Atlantic localities. Nine new species are described in the genus Fenestrulina, and a single new species in the genus Calloporina.

Nine new species of ascophoran cheilostome Bryozoa are described from Antarctic localities. Five species are considered to be new to science (Smittina favulosa, Smittina diffidentia, Smittoidea pugiuncula, Escharella mamillata, Fenestrulina antarctica), while four others have been previously recorded under other names (Smittoidea malleata, Escharella watersi, Lacerna watersi, Hippothoa belgica). Escharella crozetensis Waters, formerly recorded from Antarctica, is considered to be limited to the Kerguelen region of the South Indian Ocean.

The early stages of colony formation of Fenestrulina malusii var. thyreophora are described, and notes on two other species are included for comparison. In Fenestrulina, early budding patterns are very variable, although some patterns are commoner than others. At the 3‐zooid stage of colony formation there is usually temporary suppression of budding on one side, with the result that the three first‐generation zooids produced from the ancestrula arise 1, 2, 4 in the commonest budding sequence rather than 1, 2, 3; budding patterns may be considerably modified when colonies are obstructed. In Fenestrulina and Eurystomella foraminigera the first zooid budded from the ancestrula lies in the distal midline whereas the second zooid occupies this position in Crassimarginatella papulifera. In all three species the proximal periancestrular zooids are not budded directly from the ancestrula but belong to the third zooidal generation.

Summary Zooidal budding in Fenestrulina malusii var. thyreophora is described and notes on the budding of Micropora mortenscni are included for comparison. In both, an autozooidal bud arises from a membranous window in the exterior wall of a dietella. Dietellae themselves arise by being delimited as dichotomies of the developing lateral walls of autozooids. Because of the structural discreteness of dietellae of Fenestrulina and Micropora, and Hastings’ (1963) observation that some dietellae of Microporella occur as avicularia, dietellae in the Microporellidae and Micropora are regarded as fully formed heterozooids and not merely as incipient zooid buds, as lateral septulae are. The formation of dietellae in Fenestrulina and Micropora is a continuous process, and comparable with the con‐strictive budding of distal autozooids of Membranipora and Metrarabdotos.

Samples of Bryozoa were collected during an epibenthic sledge survey (Canal0209) of the Menorca Channel between Menorca and Mallorca in the Balearic Islands in 2009. Twenty-nine species were identified, including a new genus of Calloporidae (Barrosia) and a new species of Fenestrulina, described herein. A lectotype is designated for Coronellina fagei (Calescharidae). Cribellopora simplex, a species of Lacernidae generally considered to be a junior synonym of Cribellopora trichotoma, is redescribed on the basis of the holotype and newly collected material.

Although the bryozoological fauna of Galicia (NW Spain) is probably the best known of the whole Iberian Peninsula, and perhaps one of the better known in Europe, new studies continue to provide new knowledge. A new species, Schizotheca galaica sp. nov., is described. Eleven species are newly recorded in Galicia: Aetea longicollis, Parellisina curvirostris, Copidozoum planum, Glabrilaria corbula, Haplopoma sciaphilum, Schizomavella (Schizomavella) mamillata, Fenestrulina asturiasensis, Fenestrulina barrosoi, Buffonellaria muriella, Schizotheca divisa and Dentiporella saldanhai; two of them (B. muriella and S. divisa) are also reported for the first time in Iberian waters; four others (Antarctothoa galaica, F. asturiasensis, F. barrosoi and D. saldanhai) are reported for the first time since their original descriptions, and SEM images of A. longicollis and F. asturiasensis are provided for the first time. Moreover, the range of geographical distribution of some species is expanded: the record of S. divisa is the southernmost to date, while the records of S. mamillata, F. barrosoi and D. saldanhai are the most northerly to date. The presence of other four species in Galician waters is confirmed and we document the permanence and range extension of two species recently introduced into our waters (Tricellaria inopinata and A. galaica). urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F8D0ABEF-026E-4FC8-A947-6484249519FA.