Search

The objective of this study was to determine the best nutritional strategy for weaned calves at dry-to-rainy transition and rainy season and their effects on the growing phase. One hundred sixteen Nellore weaned males (initial BW of 173±23 kg; 10 months) were used in a randomized complete block design (blocked by BW) in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments (divided in 12 lots with 9 or 10 animals/lot). Factor 1 was the strategy in the dry-to-rainy season transition (period I; pasture vs. drylot) and factor 2 was the strategy for the rainy season [period II; mineral salt ad libitum (MS) vs. supplement 3 g/kg BW]; consisting of four treatments: pasture in period I and MS in period II; pasture in period I and protein-energy supplement in period II (PEII); drylot in period I and mineral salt in period II; drylot in period I and PEII. At period I, all animals received a protein-energy supplementation (5 g/kg BW). The experiment lasted 244 days. Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED of SAS. In period I, animals from drylot had highest final BW and ADG (P < 0.01; Table 1). There was no interaction among factors (P ≥ 0.772) in period II. In period II, ADG and carcass gain were highest from pasture animals (P < 0.01). Final BW and HCW were similar (P >0.788) at the end of period II, showing that animals recovery BW. Among strategies at rainy season, animals fed PEII had greater final BW and ADG (P < 0.01). Overall growing phase, HCW and carcass gain were greater for animals fed PEII (P < 0.01). Regardless of the strategy used in the dry-to-rainy season transition, animals were able to equalize final BW at the end of growing phase. In addition, protein-energy supplement at rainy season improves animal performance at the end of growing phase.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:49:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 We hypothesized that the inclusion of calcium salts of fatty acid (CSFA) into the diets and the fatty acid (FA) profile of the supplements would impact performance and meat characteristics of Bos indicus bulls. Hence, the objective was to evaluate the effects of CSFA profiles on intake, body weight (BW), carcass, and meat characteristics of feedlot-finished B indicus bulls. Fifty-three Nellore bulls [initial BW 315 ± 5.9 kg and 20 ± 2 mo] were used. At the beginning, 6 bulls were randomly chosen and slaughtered for determination of their BW composition, and the remaining 47 bulls were evaluated during a 140-d experimental period. The bulls were placed in individual pens, blocked according to initial BW and randomly allocated to 1 of the 3 following treatments: (1) control diet containing sugarcane bagasse, ground corn, citrus pulp, peanut meal, and mineral-vitamin mix (CON), (2) CON with the addition of 3.3% of CSFA from soybean oil (CSO), or (3) CON with the addition of a mixture of 3.3% of CSFA from palm, soybean, and cottonseed oils (CPSCO). Diets were offered ad libitum and formulated to be isonitrogenous. Bulls supplemented with CSFA had a greater (P < 0.01) final BW, dry matter intake, average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), and FA intake vs. CON. Among carcass parameters, CSFA-supplemented bulls had greater (P < 0.01) carcass ether extract concentration vs. CON bulls. When the CSFA profile was evaluated (CSO vs. CPSCO), CPSCO bulls had a better (P ≤ 0.03) FE, carcass ADG, and hot carcass weight (HCW) vs. CSO bulls. The FA intakes differed among CSFA treatments, as the total saturated, palmitic, and oleic FA intakes were greater for CPSCO (P < 0.01), whereas lower intakes of total unsaturated and polyunsaturated FA (P < 0.01) were observed for CPSCO vs. CSO. Samples from the Longissimus muscle contained greater palmitoleic (P = 0.01) and reduced linoleic (P = 0.02) FA concentrations in CSFAsupplemented bulls vs. CON bulls. In agreement with the FA intakes, CPSCO-supplemented bulls had a greater (P ≤ 0.05) unsaturated FA concentration vs. CSO in Longissimus muscle. In summary, CSFA supplementation improved the performance of finishing B. indicus bulls vs. CON. Moreover, the inclusion of CSFA from palm, soybean, and cottonseed oil benefited the FE, carcass ADG, and HCW compared with the inclusion of CSFA from soybean oil, demonstrating the potential of specific FA for improving the performance and meat quality of B. indicus bulls. Animal Science Department Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP/FCAV) Agencia Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegocios (APTA) Empresa Mato-Grossense de Pesquisa Assistencia e Extensao Rural (EMPAER) Texas Tech University Nutricorp Animal Science Department Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP/FCAV)

This study aimed to evaluate the performance, carcass characteristics and meat from feedlot lambs receiving sunflower crushed in the diet on partial replacement of soybean meal. The experimental design was randomized block with four levels of sunflower crushed in the diet (0, 10, 20, 30% DM). There was a linear reduction of 0.02; 0.003; 0.003 and 0.17% for each percentage unit of added sunflower crushed in the diet, respectively, for the intake of dry matter, crude protein, daily weight gain and feed conversion. There was a significant linear decrease of 0.15; 0.11 and 0.12% in slaughter weight, hot carcass and cold carcass, respectively when increased 1% in the inclusion of sunflower crushed in the diet. The use of sunflower crushed did not influence the biological yield and characteristics of marbling, texture and color of the meat. The use of sunflower crushed can be used in supplements for lambs in intensive production systems in partial replacement of soybean meal by up to 10%.

We investigated the effects of different types and doses of inoculants for ensiling rehydrated corn grain. Shelled corn was finely ground and rehydrated to 35% moisture. Treatments were as follows: (1) control (no additives); (2) Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici (LPPA) at a theoretical application rate of 1 × 105 cfu/g; (3) LPPA at 5 × 105 cfu/g; (4) LPPA at 1 × 106 cfu/g; (5) Lactobacillus buchneri (LB) at 1 × 105 cfu/g; (6) LB at 5 × 105 cfu/g; and (7) LB at 1 × 106 cfu/g. We detected no effect of inoculant dose. Gas losses were greater in silages treated with LB compared with control and LPPA silages. Treating silages with LB reduced the concentrations of lactic acid and ethanol and increased silage pH and concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and 1,2-propanediol. At silo opening, silages treated with LB had higher counts of lactic acid bacteria but lower yeast counts than the control silage. Aerobic stability was greater for silages treated with LB and lower for silages treated with LPPA compared with the control. The LB reduced dry matter (DM) losses during aerobic exposure, whereas LPPA increased them. Prolamin content was lower in silages treated with LB compared with the control, resulting in greater ruminal in situ DM degradability. Inoculating LB to a dose of 1 × 105 cfu/g increased aerobic stability and ruminal in situ DM degradability of rehydrated corn grain silage. The addition of LPPA did not alter the fermentation process and worsened the aerobic stability of rehydrated corn grain silage. Further studies are warranted to confirm these conclusions in other corn hybrids, inoculants, and their combinations.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:32:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-14T11:32:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1807-86722016000400425.pdf: 195702 bytes, checksum: c2615a1d58e47e53a9a08e0b2a69d735 (MD5) Este estudo foi realizado para avaliar o desempenho de cordeiros em confinamento recebendo dietas formuladas com fenos de diferentes genótipos de Cynodon spp. Ainda, comparar a digestibilidade da matéria seca das dietas usando diferentes métodos de avaliação (coleta total de fezes e óxido crômico). Foram utilizados 30 cordeiros, machos, não castrados, mestiços Suffolk, com média de idade de 90 dias e peso corporal médio de 21,5 kg ± 1,6. As dietas foram formuladas utilizando um concentrado padrão e feno dos seguintes genótipos de Cynodon dactylon: Jiggs, Vaquero, Tifton 68, Coast-Cross, Tifton 85 e Russel, em uma razão volumoso concentrado de 60:40, constituindo os tratamentos, distribuídos em delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, sendo 5 dietas e 2 métodos de avaliação de digestibilidade. Os animais que receberam feno do Vaquero apresentaram ingestão de matéria seca de 18,3; 16,9; 25,6; 20,7 e 24,2% superior aos animais alimentados com feno de Jiggs, Tifton 68, Coast Cross, Tifton 85 e Russel, respectivamente. Não foi verificada diferença entre as dietas para digestibilidade usando coleta total de fezes e óxido de cromo e peso final dos animais. As dietas a base de feno de Jiggs possibilitaram maior ganho de peso diário e melhor conversão alimentar. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of feedlot lambs fed diets formulated with hay of different genotypes of Cynodon spp. and to compare the dry matter digestibility of diets using different evaluation methods (total fecal collection and chromium oxide). Suffolk crossbred neutered male lambs (n=30), with an average age of 90 days and average body weight of 21.5 kg ± 1.6. Diets were formulated using a standard concentrate and hay of the following genotypes of Cynodon dactylon: Jiggs, Vaquero, Tifton 68, Coast-Cross, Tifton 85 and Russell, in a 60:40 forage concentrate ratio, composing the treatments distributed in a randomized block design in a factorial 5 x 2 arrangement of 5 diets and 2 digestibility evaluation methods. Animals receiving Vaquero hay showed dry matter intake of 18.3; 16.9; 25.6; 20.7 and 24.2% higher than those fed hay of Jiggs, Tifton 68, Coast Cross, Tifton 85 and Russell, respectively. There was no difference between diets for digestibility using total fecal collection, chromium oxide and final weight of animals. Jiggs hay based diets allowed greater daily weight gain and better feed conversion. Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia

The objective was to evaluate the ruminal and blood parameters of grazing Nellore bulls, on Marandu pasture, in the summer season, receiving different sources of true protein and presence or absence of essential oil in the supplement. Twelve rumen-cannulated cattle (590 ± 50 kg) were used in a 4 × 4 triple Latin square design. Factors included: 1) soybean meal or SoyPass(®) (rumen bypass protein supplement), and 2) with or without CinnaGar(®) essential oil. The supplement was provided daily (0900 h) in the amount of 3 g/kg of BW. Ruminal fluid samples were collected, each period, at zero (before supplementation) and 6, 12 and 18 hours after supplementation. Blood samples were collected at zero, 2, 4 and 6 hours after supplementation. There was not triple interaction (P≥0.08) between the factors. The pH of the ruminal liquid was influenced by hour (P

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-18T15:56:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-01-01Bitstream added on 2015-03-18T16:28:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000340334200041.pdf: 635849 bytes, checksum: 4e12d64fa91df8b77894354cbe1f112a (MD5) It was aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of grass silage-mombasa associated with different additives in four times of opening the silo. The experiment was conducted in UFGD. After harvesting the forage, biomass in natura crushed, was taken to the lab, homogenized and enriched on the basis of natural mass, with the following additives: 5% wheat bran, 5% of waste (broken grain and soy ice cream cone) of soybean, 5% urea in natural matter and the witness (without additive). The silos were opened after (unprocessed material), 15, 30 and 45 days, for the analysis of chemical composition. The data obtained were analyzed through the statistical programme SISVAR and averages were compared to 5% of probability, by Skott-Knot. The grass silage-mombasa without additive presented major (P0.05) of grass silage- mombasa associated with 5 of urea in 15 days and 45 of silage. The grass silage-mombasa with 5% urea showed the highest crude protein content at time 0 and differed from other treatments. The silage of mombasa associated with 5% urea provided greater in vitro digestibility of dry matter to 15 days of silage. UFGD, Fac Ciencias Agr, Dourados, MS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho zootecnico e economico de cordeiros mesticos (½ Santa Ines + ½ Sulfolk), em confinamento, recebendo diferentes dietas a base de feno de genotipos de Cynodon dactylon , atraves do uso de indicadores financeiros considerando o periodo de confinamento, sem relaciona-lo com o manejo de ciclo completo. Foram utilizados 30 cordeiros, machos, nao castrados, mesticos Suffolk, identificados com brinco na orelha, com media de idade de 90 dias e peso corporal medio de 21,5 kg. As dietas foram formuladas utilizando um concentrado padrao e feno dos seguintes genotipos de Cynodon dactylon : Jiggs, Vaquero, Tifton 68, Coast-Cross, Tifton 85 e Russel, em uma relacao volumoso concentrado de 60:40, constituindo os tratamentos, distribuidos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados com 5 repeticoes. Houve diferenca significativa entre as dietas para as despesas totais com a alimentacao, sendo os maiores valores para o Jiggs (BRL 48,96/animal). Os animais que receberam dietas a base de feno de Tifton 68 apresentaram maior taxa de retorno (2,16%) e lucratividade (34,63%) em relacao as demais dietas. A utilizacao de dietas a base de feno de Tifton 68 para cordeiros em fase terminacao, em confinamento, permite obter maior rentabilidade economica em relacao as demais dietas.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-02T12:39:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-09-01Bitstream added on 2015-02-02T13:08:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1807-86722014000300015.pdf: 591230 bytes, checksum: 727f35c86f75cab982727d256ab79225 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) O presente experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de suplementações sobre o desempenho produtivo e parâmetros econômicos de novilhos de corte, em fase de recria, manejados em pastagens durante a época da seca. Foram utilizados 24 novilhos castrados, com idade e peso médios de 18 meses e de 269 kg, respectivamente. Foram avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: pastagem sem minerais (P); pastagem e sal mineralizado (PSM) e pastagem e sal mineralizado mais ureia (PSMU). A composição bromatológica caracterizou-se por baixos conteúdos de proteína bruta e altos valores de fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido para forragens amostradas na forma de coleta completa comparada com a técnica de simulação de pastejo. Os animais sob os tratamentos com suplementação mineralizada mais ureia apresentaram ganhos de peso diários médios superiores (p < 0,05) ao daquele submetido apenas à pastagem. No entanto, quando o peso médio foi expresso em peso metabólico apenas o tratamento com ureia apresentou superioridade nos dados (p < 0,05). A suplementação de animais em pastejo mostrou-se uma técnica economicamente rentável, sendo que a utilização de sal mineralizado com ureia no período seco possibilita melhor desempenho a custos viáveis. The present study evaluated the effects of supplements on the productive performance and economical parameters of beef steers on pastures during the dry season. Twenty-four castrated steers with average age and weight of eighteen months and 269 kg, respectively, were evaluated in the following treatments: pasture without minerals (P); pasture and mineral salt (PMS) and pasture and mineral salt plus urea (PMSU). The chemical composition showed low contents of crude protein and high values of neutral and acid detergent fiber for forages sampled in the form of complete collection compared with the grazing simulation technique. The supplementation with mineral salt plus urea led to a higher average daily gain (p < 0.05) than the animals on pasture without mineral. However, when the average daily gain was expressed per metabolic weight, the supplementation with mineral salt plus urea was superior (p < 0.05). The supplementation of animals on pasture proved economically profitable, and the use of mineral salt with urea in the dry season enables a better performance at viable costs. Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias Universidade Federal de Lavras Departamento de Zootecnia Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Mato Grosso Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia