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Problem Like most low- and middle-income countries, Viet Nam has a scarcity of rehabilitation professionals and lacks training programmes that meet international standards. Approach In 2018, four Vietnamese medical universities, the Universite Catholique de Louvain, the Universite Libre de Bruxelles, the Humanity & Inclusion charity and World Physiotherapy agreed to collaborate on strengthening pre-service education for physiotherapists in the country. Local setting Viet Nam has a favourable environment for nurturing rehabilitation services and education: development funds have been available; government investment is increasing; and rehabilitation education has existed for many decades. Relevant changes The collaboration resulted in the establishment of: (i) a 4-year, competency-based, entry-level curriculum for physiotherapists (bachelor's degree); (ii) opportunities for continuing professional development; (iii) a 2-year master's programme for physiotherapy lecturers and clinical supervisors; and (iv) a national physiotherapy association. In addition, four students were supported in studying for PhD degrees. Strong collaboration and comprehensive and complementary interventions have laid the foundations for sustainable, high-quality, educational programmes for physiotherapists, which will improve access to, and the standard of, rehabilitation services in Viet Nam, thereby leading to better patient outcomes. Lessons learnt Curricula for entry-level physiotherapy programmes should be competency-based, be actively managed by national educators and meet international standards while being responsive to local priorities. To strengthen the rehabilitation workforce, educators involved in teaching and supervising training programmes should have the skills and knowledge required. A national professional physiotherapy association should be established to provide continuing professional development for physiotherapists and to take part in international collaborations. Probleme A l'instar de la plupart des pays a revenu faible et intermediaire, le Vietnam est confronte a une penurie de professionnels de la readaptation et manque de programmes d'enseignement conformes aux normes internationales. Approche En 2018, quatre facultes de medecine vietnamiennes ainsi que l'Universite Catholique de Louvain, l'Universite Libre de Bruxelles, l'association caritative Humanity & Inclusion et l'organisation World Physiotherapy ont decide de collaborer afin de renforcer la formation initiale des kinesitherapeutes dans le pays. Environnement local Le Vietnam presente des conditions propices au developpement de formations et services de readaptation: des fonds ont ete debloques; le gouvernement accroit ses investissements; et la readaptation est enseignee depuis des decennies. Changements significatifs La collaboration mise en place a permis de creer: (i) des etudes de kinesitherapie en quatre ans, fondees sur les competences et accessibles aux debutants (diplome de baccalaureat/ licence); (ii) des opportunites d'evolution professionnelle continue; (iii) un programme de master en deux ans pour les professeurs de kinesitherapie et les superviseurs cliniques; et enfin, (iv) une association nationale de kinesitherapie. En outre, quatre etudiants ont beneficie d'une aide pour poursuivre un doctorat. Cette etroite collaboration, accompagnee d'interventions globales et complementaires, a jete les bases d'un programme d'enseignement durable et de haut niveau pour les futurs kinesitherapeutes, ameliorant par la meme occasion la qualite et l'acces aux services de readaptation au Vietnam et, par consequent, les resultats observes chez les patients. Lecons tirees Les etudes de kinesitherapie destinees aux debutants doivent reposer sur l'acquisition de competences, etre activement gerees par des professeurs nationaux et repondre aux normes internationales tout en tenant compte des priorites locales. Les enseignants impliques charges des cours et de la supervision des programmes de formation doivent posseder les connaissances et aptitudes requises pour Situacion Al igual que la mayoria de los paises de ingresos bajos y medios, Vietnam tiene un deficit de profesionales de la rehabilitacion y carece de programas de formacion que cumplan los estandares internacionales. Enfoque En 2018, cuatro universidades de medicina vietnamitas, la Universite Catholique de Louvain, la Universite Libre de Bruxelles, la organizacion benefica Humanity & Inclusion y World Physiotherapy acordaron colaborar en el fortalecimiento de la educacion previa al servicio de los fisioterapeutas en el pais. Marco regional Vietnam cuenta con un entorno favorable para fomentar los servicios y la educacion en materia de rehabilitacion: se ha dispuesto de fondos para el desarrollo; la inversion del gobierno esta aumentando; y la educacion en materia de rehabilitacion existe desde hace muchas decadas. Cambios importantes La colaboracion dio lugar a la creacion de: (i) un plan de estudios inicial de 4 anos, basado en competencias, para fisioterapeutas (licenciatura); (ii) oportunidades de desarrollo profesional continuo; (iii) un programa de master de 2 anos para profesores de fisioterapia y supervisores clinicos; y (iv) una asociacion nacional de fisioterapia. Ademas, se apoyo a cuatro estudiantes para que cursaran un doctorado. La fuerte colaboracion y las intervenciones integrales y complementarias han sentado las bases de unos programas educativos sostenibles y de alta calidad para fisioterapeutas, que mejoraran el acceso a los servicios de rehabilitacion en Vietnam y el nivel de estos, lo que redundara en mejores resultados para los pacientes. Lecciones aprendidas Los planes de estudio de los programas de fisioterapia de nivel inicial deben centrarse en las competencias, ser gestionados activamente por los educadores nacionales y cumplir los estandares internacionales, al tiempo que responden a las prioridades locales. Para reforzar el personal de rehabilitacion, los educadores que participan en la ensenanza y la supervision de los programas de formacion deben tener las competencias y los conocimientos pertinentes. Se deberia crear una asociacion nacional de fisioterapia profesional para ofrecer un desarrollo profesional continuo a los fisioterapeutas y participar en colaboraciones internacionales., Introduction Around 7% of the Vietnamese population has a disability, (1) which corresponds to more than 6 million individuals. In addition, the number of people with noncommunicable diseases in the [...]

An in vivo method for joint kinematics visualization and analysis is described. Low-dose computed tomography allowed three-dimensional joint modeling, and electrogoniometry collected joint kinematic data. Data registration occurred using palpated anatomical landmarks to obtain interactive computer joint simulation. The method was applied on one volunteer's ankle, and reproducibility was tested (maximal discrepancy: 3.6 deg and 5.5 mm for rotation and translation respectively). Index Terms--Ankle joint complex, electrogoniometry, joint kinematics, medical imaging.

Background: Substantial deficits in the performance of the hip abductor muscles are reported in females with common lower extremity conditions. In this context, the hip abductor isometric test (HAIE) test has been developed to assess the endurance of the hip abductors. Purposes: The aims of the study were: 1) to assess the test-retest reliability of the HAIE test and 2) to determine if the HAIE test is valid for the measuring hip abductor muscle fatigue. Design: Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests; test retest reliability and validity Methods: Fifty-two healthy females, aged 18-30 years, were recruited. In two identical sessions, spaced by seven days, the participants performed the HAIE test and the test-retest reliability (ICC, SEM and MDC) was calculated. In ten subjects, surface EMG was used during the test in order to observe the change in the median frequency of EMG output of the gluteus medius and to determine if decrease of the median frequency is correlated with performance on the test, in order to discern validity. Results: The HAIE test demonstrated good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.84, SEM = 11.5 seconds and MDC = 32.8 seconds]. Significant differences were noted between the average median frequency of participants for the last four fifteen second intervals (p= 0.02). Moderate correlation between MFslope and endurance time (r = 0.56, p = 0.008) and strong correlation between MFslope75s and endurance time (r = 0.71, p = 0.001) were found. Conclusion: The results from this study support that the HAIE test is a reliable test for evaluating the endurance of the hip abductors. Further investigations should continue to explore the validity of the test, especially to determine which muscles limit the endurance time in healthy and unhealthy subjects. Level of evidence: 2b [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]