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Transformation from chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm to acute leukemia is a feature of myeloproliferative neoplasm; however, the rate is not high. Transformation to acute promyelocytic leukemia is rare. Here, we report a case of transformation of polycythemia vera to acute promyelocytic leukemia and describe a process of clonal evolution that has not yet been reported.In this case, a 51-year-old woman was diagnosed with polycythemia vera and concomitant JAK2/V617F mutations in July 2019. She underwent intermittent phlebotomy and oral hydroxyurea irregularly. After 2 years, the patient complained of fatigue and poor sleep quality for 2 months.Further examination revealed marked hypercellularity and grade 1 bone marrow fibrosis with the PML/RARαV variant (23.85% mutation load), WT1-Exon1 (37.8%), WT1-Exon9 (4.1%), JAK3-Exon7 (49.3%), and RELN-Exon55 (45.8%). According to the World Health Organization classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, the patient was ultimately diagnosed with a rare transformation of polycythemia vera to acute promyelocytic leukemia.The patient underwent dual induction therapy with all-trans-retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide.After 28 days of induction therapy, the patient achieved complete remission, was compliant and the treatment was well tolerated.Polycythemia vera can transform into acute promyelocytic leukemia; therefore, it is important to review bone aspiration and other tests to perform a comprehensive assessment and monitor the disease status, to detect disease progression and intervene early when it transforms into acute promyelocytic leukemia.

An improved, concise, and efficient preparation of the telaprevir bicyclic [3.3.0] proline intermediate is presented. The key steps, control points, and the whole process are optimized. The synthesis of racemic intermediate was accomplished in five steps in above 56% overall yield up to 100 g scale with only some simple separations and treatments in the whole process. The new and crucial chiral resolution of the proline intermediate was systematically studied, and the target chiral intermediate was obtained in acceptable yield (30%) and excellent ee value (>99% ee) by a simple washing. The cost of the target chiral intermediate and wastes of the whole process were at least doubly reduced after the effective reuse of the unwanted chiral amino acid by successful decarboxylation.

Major depressive disorder has become one of the most serious neuropsychiatric disorders worldwide. However, currently available antidepressants used in clinical practice are ineffective for a substantial proportion of patients and always have side effects. Besides being a lipid-regulating agent, gemfibrozil is an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α). We investigated the antidepressant effects of gemfibrozil on C57BL/6J mice using the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), as well as the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model of depression. The changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling cascade in the brain after CUMS and gemfibrozil treatment were further assessed. Pharmacological inhibitors and lentivirus-expressed short hairpin RNA (shRNA) were also used to clarify the antidepressant mechanisms of gemfibrozil. Gemfibrozil exhibited significant antidepressant actions in the FST and TST without affecting the locomotor activity of mice. Chronic gemfibrozil administration fully reversed CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors in the FST, TST and sucrose preference test. Gemfibrozil treatment also restored CUMS-induced inhibition of the hippocampal BDNF signaling pathway. Blocking PPAR-α and BDNF but not the serotonergic system abolished the antidepressant effects of gemfibrozil on mice. Gemfibrozil produced antidepressant effects in mice by promoting the hippocampal BDNF system.

Supplemental material, JOP762072_Supplementary_Material for Gemfibrozil has antidepressant effects in mice: Involvement of the hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor system by Yu-Fei Ni, Hao Wang, Qiu-Yan Gu, Fei-Ying Wang, Ying-Jie Wang, Jin-Liang Wang and Bo Jiang in Journal of Psychopharmacology

An improved, practical, economical and efficient process for the production of (2S,4S)-2-amino-4-(4-methoxy-3-(3-methoxypropoxy)benzyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid, a key intermediate of the new potent renin inhibitor of aliskiren, in a total yield over 30% is described. This process avoids expensive reagents and chromatographic purifications, and is easily scaled up in industry.

The first metal-free asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N-arylmaleimides to azomethine ylides catalyzed by chiral tertiary amine thiourea to form multiply substituted pyrrolidines in excellent yields (up to 89 %) and enantioselectivities (up to 96 % ee) is presented. This procedure allows a rapid diversity-oriented synthesis of chiral pyrrolidine derivatives with high optical purity.

The first organocatalytic asymmetric sequential allylic alkylation–cyclization of Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates and 3-hydroxyoxindoles has been developed to afford spirooxindoles bearing α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone motifs in 25–85% yield, 60–94% ee and up to >20 : 1 diastereoselectivity.

Symmetric structures of single and dual-band metamaterial in the terahertz region are proposed, which composed of the electrical inductance-capacitance (ELC) resonate and electric field coupling resonate. Simulation results show that it can perform absorption peaks at one resonant frequency 0.716 THz with the absorption more than 95%, and at two distinct resonant frequencies 0.612 THz and 1.086 THz with the absorption above 90%. These models have the advantages of simple structure and strong absorption, due to the well-separating of different resonances in the particle, this metamaterial shows potentially application promises in the design of multiband terahertz devices.

Terahertz filter based on a composite metal-dielectric-metal structure is proposed. Different transmission characteristics of stop-band are shown for different polarizations of the THz radiation. The causes of dual-layer structure with characteristics of filter have been analyzed qualitatively using simple cascading multiplication. The near-field distributions of the planar microstructures are given to further elaborate the mechanisms of filter. Besides, tuning bandwidths and center frequencies can be realized by modulating the main parameters of the structure.

A small-sized compact CPW feed ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with dual-band notched characteristic is proposed. The antenna consists of the radiation pattern, ground plane and the CPW feed on one side of the substrate, which is used to support the antenna and on the other side are two resonators with filter characteristic. By integrating the filters with the antenna, the antenna can suppress the WLAN band (5.15 ~ 5.35 GHz and 5.725 ~ 5.825 GHz) successfully which makes the use of the frequency resource and decreases the electromagnetic interference (EMI). The size of the band-rejected antenna is small, just 24 mm × 30 mm × 0.5 mm.

A new ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with an acceptable band-rejection characteristic utilizing Left-Handed Medium (LHM) is presented. By adding open-ended slot which is etched in the radiating patch created the first notched band in 3.3-3.7 GHz for the WiMAX system. In addition, two pair of LHM elements close to the feed line, band-notch properties in the lower WLAN 5.15-5.35 GHz and higher WLAN 5.725-5.825 GHz bands and downlink of X-band satellite communication systems 7.25-7.75 GHz bands are achieved.

The first metal-free asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N-arylmaleimides to azomethine ylides catalyzed by chiral tertiary amine thiourea to form multiply substituted pyrrolidines in excellent yields (up to 89 %) and enantioselectivities (up to 96 % ee) is presented. This procedure allows a rapid diversity-oriented synthesis of chiral pyrrolidine derivatives with high optical purity.

Under optimized conditions, acetone as well as cyclic ketones give the corresponding chiral tertiary α-hydroxycarboxylic esters with up to 96% e.e.

A series of simple chiral primary amino acids were first successfully applied to promote the enantioselective α-amination of branched aldehydes with azadicarboxylates and the desired adducts bearing quaternary stereogenic centers were obtained in excellent yields (up to 99%) and enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee).

A series of simple chiral primary amino acids were first successfully applied to promote the enantioselective α-amination of branched aldehydes with azadicarboxylates and the desired adducts bearing quaternary stereogenic centers were obtained in excellent yields (up to 99%) and enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee).

The first organocatalytic asymmetric sequential allylic alkylation–cyclization of Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates and 3-hydroxyoxindoles has been developed to afford spirooxindoles bearing α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone motifs in 25–85% yield, 60–94% ee and up to >20 : 1 diastereoselectivity.

A series of primary-tertiary diamine catalysts were successfully applied to promote the enantioselective aldol reaction of acetone with β,γ-unsaturated α-keto esters in excellent yields (up to 99%) and enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee).