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22 results on '"Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL)"'

1. Acute Effects of Legume-enriched Meals Compared to Western Diet Meals on Postprandial Metabolism in Participants With Increased Cardiometabolic Risk (LeguPlan_1)

Author: Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE), and Prof. Dr. Sarah Egert, Sarah Egert, Prof PhD
Published: 2024

2. Tackling the increasing problem of malnutrition in older persons: The Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) Knowledge Hub

Author: Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy (BMWFW, Ecole Sup erieure d’Agricultires (ESA), Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, HRB, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ERC, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), Visser, Marjolein, Volkert, Dorothee, Corish, C., Geisler, C., de Groot, L.C., Cruz-Jentoft, A.J., Lohrmann, C., O'Connor, Eibhlís M., Schindler, K., de van der Schueren, M.A., Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy (BMWFW, Ecole Sup erieure d’Agricultires (ESA), Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, HRB, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ERC, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), Visser, Marjolein, Volkert, Dorothee, Corish, C., Geisler, C., de Groot, L.C., Cruz-Jentoft, A.J., Lohrmann, C., O'Connor, Eibhlís M., Schindler, K., and de van der Schueren, M.A.
Abstract: peer-reviewed, In order to tackle the increasing problem of malnutrition (i.e. protein-energy malnutrition) in the older population, the Joint Action Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) Knowledge Hub has been recently launched as part of the Strategic Research Agenda of the Joint Programming Initiative (JPI) A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life (HDHL). This paper introduces this new European initiative and describes its objectives and design. The MaNuEL consortium consists of 22 research groups from seven countries (Austria, France, Germany, Ireland, Spain, The Netherlands and New Zealand). The Consortium aims to extend scientific knowledge; strengthen evidence-based practice in the management of malnutrition in older persons; build a sustainable, transnational, competent network of malnutrition experts; and harmonise research and clinical practice. MaNuEL is built on five interconnected work packages that focus on (i) defining treatable malnutrition; (ii) screening of malnutrition in different settings; (iii) determinants of malnutrition; (iv) prevention and treatment of malnutrition; and (v) policies and education regarding malnutrition screening and treatment in older persons across Europe. Systematic literature reviews will be performed to assess current research on malnutrition and identify potential knowledge gaps. Secondary data analyses of nutritional intervention trials and observational studies will also be conducted. Using Web-based questionnaires, MaNuEL will provide insight into current clinical practice, policies and health professionals' education on malnutrition and will make recommendations for improvement. MaNuEL is being advised by a stakeholder board of five experts in geriatric nutrition who represent relevant European professional societies., PUBLISHED, peer-reviewed
Published: 2018

3. Prevalence of malnutrition using harmonized definitions in older adults from different settings – A MaNuEL study

Author: Agence Nationale de la Recherche, German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, HRB, Wolters, Maike, Volkert, Dorothee, Streicher, Melanie, Kiesswetter, Eva, Torbahn, Gabriel, O'Connor, Eibhlís M., O'Keeffe, Mary, Kelly, Mary, O'Herlihy, Eileen A., O'Toole, Paul W., Timmons, Suzanne, O'Shea, Emma, Kearney, Patricia M., van Zwienen-Pot, Judith, Visser, Marjolein, Maitre, Isabelle, Van Wymelbeke, Virginie, Sulmont-Rossé, Claire, Nagel, Gabriele, Flechtner-Mors, Marion, Goisser, Sabine, Teh, Ruth, Hebestreit, Antje, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, HRB, Wolters, Maike, Volkert, Dorothee, Streicher, Melanie, Kiesswetter, Eva, Torbahn, Gabriel, O'Connor, Eibhlís M., O'Keeffe, Mary, Kelly, Mary, O'Herlihy, Eileen A., O'Toole, Paul W., Timmons, Suzanne, O'Shea, Emma, Kearney, Patricia M., van Zwienen-Pot, Judith, Visser, Marjolein, Maitre, Isabelle, Van Wymelbeke, Virginie, Sulmont-Rossé, Claire, Nagel, Gabriele, Flechtner-Mors, Marion, Goisser, Sabine, Teh, Ruth, and Hebestreit, Antje
Abstract: peer-reviewed, Background & aims: Malnutrition is widespread among older people and related to poor outcome. Reported prevalences vary widely, also because of different diagnostic criteria used. This study aimed to describe prevalences in several populations of older persons in different settings using harmonized definitions. Methods: Available studies within the Joint Programming Initiative (JPI) Knowledge Hub ‘Malnutrition in the Elderly’ (MaNuEL) were used to calculate and compare prevalences of malnutrition indicators: low BMI (<20 kg/m2; age-specific BMI <20 if age 65e<70 and <22 kg/m2 if age 70 years), previous weight loss (WL), moderate and severe decrease in food intake, and combined BMI <20 kg/m2 and/or WL in participants aged 65 years. Results: Fifteen samples with in total 5956 participants (59.3% women) were included: 7 consisting of community-dwelling persons, 2 studies in geriatric day hospitals, 3 studies in hospitalized patients and 3 in nursing homes. Mean age of participants ranged between 67 and 87 years. Up to 4.2% of communitydwelling persons had a BMI <20 kg/m2, 1.6 and 9% of geriatric day hospital patients, 4.5e9.4% of hospital patients and 3.8e18.2% of nursing home residents. Using age-specific cut-offs doubled these prevalences. WL was reported in 2.3e10.5% of community-dwelling persons, 6% and 12.6% of geriatric day hospital patients, 5e14% of hospitalized patients and 4.5e7.7% of nursing home residents. Severe decrease in food intake was recorded in up to 9.6% of community-dwelling persons, 1.5% and 12% of geriatric day hospital patients, 3.4e34.2% of hospitalized patients and 1.5e8.2% of nursing home residents. The criteria age-specific BMI and WL showed opposing prevalences across all settings. Compared to women, low BMI and moderate decrease in food intake showed low prevalences in men but similar prevalences were observed for weight loss and severe decrease in food intake. In half of the study samples, participants in a younger age group had a higher

4. Potentially modifiable determinants of malnutrition in older adults:A systematic review

Author: E. O'Herlihy, Paul W. O'Toole, Isabelle Maître, M. Streicher, Isabelle Papet, Emma O'Shea, Mary Hickson, Karin Schindler, O. van de Rest, Gabriel Torbahn, Dominique Dardevet, Sulmont Rosse, Suzanne Timmons, Mary O'Keeffe, Antje Hebestreit, Marjolein Visser, Eva Kiesswetter, Marie-Agnès Peyron, Catherine Stanton, Maike Wolters, Mary Kelly, Ruth Teh, Sylvie Issanchou, Eibhlís M. O'Connor, Patricia M. Kearney, Marion Flechtner-Mors, Gabriele Nagel, Marta Stelmach-Mardas, L. C. P. G. M. De Groot, Dorothee Volkert, Yves Rolland, Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College [Hanover], University College Cork (UCC), Teagasc Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Teagasc), University of Plymouth, Gérontopôle, Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA d'Angers), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Leibniz Association, Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), University of Auckland [Auckland], Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), University of Limerick (UL), Austria, Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy (BMWFW), France, Ecole Supérieure d’Agricultires (ESA), Germany, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) represented by Federal Office forAgriculture and Food (BLE), Ireland, Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (DAFM) and the Health Research Board (HRB), Spain, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and the SENATOR trial (FP7-HEALTH-2012-305930), The Netherlands, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw)., Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research, Ecole Supérieure d’Agricultires, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Health Research Board, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, MaNuEL Knowledge Hub, BMWFW-10.420/0003-WF/V/3C/2016, FAU: 2815ERA10E, BIPS: 815ERA09E, 15HDHL2, Nutrition and Health, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Societal Participation & Health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, O’connor, Eibhlís M., HRB, Plymouth University, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), ProdInra, Migration, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), and VU University Amsterdam
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, prospective cohort studies, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, systematic review, Risk Factors, déterminant, Medicine, Prospective cohort study, older adults, Determinants, Aged, 80 and over, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, determinants, Nutritional Biology, 3. Good health, Hospitalization, Systematic review, Meta-analysis, Older adults, Alimentation et Nutrition, Female, étude de cohorte, Psychosocial, Cohort study, Environmental Risk Assessment, Population, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, malnutrition, personne âgée, Prospective cohort studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Malnutrition, BU Authenticity & Bioassays, Environmental health, Humans, Food and Nutrition, education, SDG 2 - Zero Hunger, Exercise, Aged, VLAG, Polypharmacy, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, étude prospective, medicine.disease, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, BU Authenticiteit & Bioassays, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: open access article; International audience; [u]Background & Aims[/u] Malnutrition in older adults results in significant personal, social, and economic burden. To combat this complex, multifactorial issue, evidence-based knowledge is needed on the modifiable determinants of malnutrition. Systematic reviews of prospective studies are lacking in this area; therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to investigate the modifiable determinants of malnutrition in older adults. [u]Methods[/u] A systematic approach was taken to conduct this review. Eight databases were searched. Prospective cohort studies with participants of a mean age of 65 years or over were included. Studies were required to measure at least one determinant at baseline and malnutrition as outcome at follow-up. Study quality was assessed using a modified version of the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. Pooling of data in a meta-analysis was not possible therefore the findings of each study were synthesized narratively. A descriptive synthesis of studies was used to present results due the heterogeneity of population source and setting, definitions of determinants and outcomes. Consistency of findings was assessed using the schema: strong evidence, moderate evidence, low evidence, and conflicting evidence. [u]Results[/u] Twenty-three studies were included in the final review. Thirty potentially modifiable determinants across seven domains (oral, psychosocial, medication and care, health, physical function, lifestyle, eating) were included. The majority of studies had a high risk of bias and were of a low quality. There is moderate evidence that hospitalisation, eating dependency, poor self-perceived health, poor physical function and poor appetite are determinants of malnutrition. Moderate evidence suggests that chewing difficulties, mouth pain, gum issues co-morbidity, visual and hearing impairments, smoking status, alcohol consumption and physical activity levels, complaints about taste of food and specific nutrient intake are not determinants of malnutrition. There is low evidence that loss of interest in life, access to meals and wheels, and modified texture diets are determinants of malnutrition. Furthermore, there is low evidence that psychological distress, anxiety, loneliness, access to transport and wellbeing, hunger and thirst are not determinants of malnutrition. There appears to be conflicting evidence that dental status, swallowing, cognitive function, depression, residential status, medication intake and/or polypharmacy, constipation, periodontal disease are determinants of malnutrition. [u]Conclusion[/u] There are multiple potentially modifiable determinants of malnutrition however strong robust evidence is lacking for the majority of determinants. Better prospective cohort studies are required. With an increasingly aging population, targeting modifiable factors will be crucial to the effective treatment and prevention of malnutrition.
Published: 2019

5. Altered energy partitioning across terrestrial ecosystems in the European drought year 2018

Author: Christian Brümmer, Bart Kruijt, Arne Poyda, Bert Gielen, Giovanni Manca, Marilyn Roland, Janina Klatt, Michal Heliasz, Jan Holst, Caroline Vincke, Corinna Rebmann, Meelis Mölder, Natalia Kowalska, Nadia Vendrame, Jinshu Chi, Nina Buchmann, Andreas Ibrom, Jiří Dušek, Stephan Weber, Lenka Foltýnová, Tarek S. El-Madany, Ladislav Šigut, Joachim Ingwersen, Alexander Graf, Mika Korkiakoski, Franziska Koebsch, Frédéric Bornet, Anne De Ligne, Denis Loustau, Eugénie Paul-Limoges, Mats Nilsson, Christophe Chipeaux, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Christian Wille, Torsten Sachs, Pascal Kremer, Shiva Ghiasi, Matthias Peichl, Gerald Jurasinski, Harry Vereecken, Matthias Mauder, Mana Gharun, Patrizia Ney, Thomas Grünwald, Hans-Dieter Wizemann, Pia Gottschalk, Marius Schmidt, Vincenzo Magliulo, Edoardo Cremonese, Joël Léonard, Ivan Mammarella, Anne Klosterhalfen, Mirco Migliavacca, Nicola Arriga, Silvano Fares, Milan Fischer, Matthias Cuntz, Andrej Varlagin, Alexander Knohl, Christian Bernhofer, Bernard Longdoz, Ingo Völksch, Frederik Schrader, Günther Heinemann, Sébastien Lafont, Nicolas Brüggemann, Heye Bogena, Bernard Heinesch, Jan Konopka, Matthias Zeeman, Johan Neirynck, Andrea Pitacco, Lukas Siebicke, Lukas Hörtnagl, SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), French National Research Agency (ANR)ANR-11-LABX-0002-01ANR-16-SUMF-0001-01Alexander von Humbold Stiftung (MaNiP) Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF)01LN1313AGerman Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture BMEL (ERA-NET FACCE ERAGAS) German Research Foundation (DFG)BE1721/23PAK 346FOR 1695INST 186/1118-1 FUGGGIP Ecofor SOERE F-ORE-T Finnish Center of Excellence 307331FWOG0H3317NHelmholtz Association HGF (TERENO) VH-NG-821Hainich National Park Horizon 2020 696356ICOS-FINLAND 281255Kempe Foundation SMK-1743Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation2015.0047Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)19-0401234-aSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)ICOS-CH Phase 2 20FI20_173691InnoFarm 407340_172433European Commission (SUPER-G) European Commission (RINGO) European Commission (ERA-NET Sumforest) 606803Service Public de Wallonie (DGO6) 1217769SustES CZ. 02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797CzeCOS LM2015061Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research Council Formas201601289942-2015-49University of Padua CDPA148553, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, ∗Agrosphere (IBG-3), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences [Jülich] (IBG), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (UA), Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology [Dresden], Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Agrosphere, IBG-3, Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro (Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF)01LN1313AGerman Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture BMEL (ERA-NET FACCE ERAGAS) German Research Foundation (DFG)BE1721/23PAK 346FOR 1695INST 186/1118-1 FUGGGIP Ecofor SOERE F-ORE-T Finnish Center of Excellence 307331FWOG0H3317NHelmholtz Association HGF (TERENO) VH-NG-821Hainich National Park Horizon 2020 696356ICOS-FINLAND 281255Kempe Foundation SMK-1743Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation2015.0047Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)19-0401234-aSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)ICOS-CH Phase 2 20FI20_173691InnoFarm 407340_172433European Commission (SUPER-G) European Commission (RINGO) European Commission (ERA-NET Sumforest) 606803Service Public de Wallonie (DGO6) 1217769SustES CZ. 02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797CzeCOS LM2015061Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research Council Formas201601289942-2015-49University of Padua CDPA148553, ANR-16-SUMF-0001,ForRISK,Forest density reduction to minimize the vulnerability of Norway spruce and silver fir to extreme drought – a risk assessment(2016), ANR-11-LABX-0002,ARBRE,Recherches Avancées sur l'Arbre et les Ecosytèmes Forestiers(2011), Ludwig-Maximilians University [Munich] (LMU), Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)
Subjects: Peat, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Forests, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Evapotranspiration, water-use efficiency, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Environmental Sciences (social aspects to be 507), Articles, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Grassland, Droughts, Europe, Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, eddy-covariance, Terrestrial ecosystem, SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Farms, net carbon uptake, Climate Change, evapotranspiration, Eddy covariance, heat flux, Sensible heat, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, ddc:570, Latent heat, eddy covariance, energy balance, Water-use efficiency, Biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, WIMEK, Atmosphere, Global warming, 15. Life on land, 13. Climate action, Wetlands, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Water Systems and Global Change, Human medicine
Abstract: Drought and heat events, such as the 2018 European drought, interact with the exchange of energy between the land surface and the atmosphere, potentially affecting albedo, sensible and latent heat fluxes, as well as CO 2 exchange. Each of these quantities may aggravate or mitigate the drought, heat, their side effects on productivity, water scarcity and global warming. We used measurements of 56 eddy covariance sites across Europe to examine the response of fluxes to extreme drought prevailing most of the year 2018 and how the response differed across various ecosystem types (forests, grasslands, croplands and peatlands). Each component of the surface radiation and energy balance observed in 2018 was compared to available data per site during a reference period 2004–2017. Based on anomalies in precipitation and reference evapotranspiration, we classified 46 sites as drought affected. These received on average 9% more solar radiation and released 32% more sensible heat to the atmosphere compared to the mean of the reference period. In general, drought decreased net CO 2 uptake by 17.8%, but did not significantly change net evapotranspiration. The response of these fluxes differed characteristically between ecosystems; in particular, the general increase in the evaporative index was strongest in peatlands and weakest in croplands. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale’.
Published: 2020

6. Portable mid-infrared spectroscopy to predict parameters related to carbon storage in vineyard soils: Model calibrations under varying geopedological conditions

Author: Ralf Wehrle, Guillaume Coulouma, Stefan Pätzold, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation [Bonn] (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and This work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture ( BMEL ) within the project 'VitiSoil' (grant number: 281B302016).
Subjects: Proximal soil sensing, Precision agriculture, Control and Systems Engineering, Support Vector Machines, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Machine learning, Labile carbon, Soil Science, Agronomy and Crop Science, Precision viticulture, Food Science
Abstract: International audience; Portable mid-infrared spectroscopy (pMIRS) combined with machine learning was used to predict selected parameters for soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. In particular, SOC, soil inorganic C (SIC), hot-water extractable C (hwC), clay and sand content were predicted for ten vineyards with varying geopedological settings. As a pre-test, spectra were collected from sieved and pressed tablets with 30 and 90 kPa respectively and compared to powdery samples in order to optimise sample preparation. Further, spectra from 30 kPa tablets were used to calibrate prediction models for a sample set (n = 540) of 10 vineyards with pronounced geopedological variation using Support Vector Machines (SVM). The calibrated SVM models performed well with R2 = 0.81–0.98 and RPIQ = 5.20–13.0 for all investigated parameters. Third, two years after the calibration samples, follow-up samples were collected from four of the vineyards. While the models performed excellent for hwC (R2 = 0.93), prediction accuracy for SOC was lower. Segmentation of the total dataset into SIC-free and SIC-containing samples resulted in better predictions of SOC of the first sampling period. For the prediction of the follow-up sampling dates, model performance could not be maintained. We conclude that pMIRS-SVM calibrations are suited for the prediction of parameters related to soil C storage under varying geopedological conditions and may provide potential for future C monitoring. Extending the database with additional samples from geopedological scenarios not included in this dataset may strengthen model robustness and help to evaluate effects of SIC content on model performance.
Published: 2022

7. Height growth rate of Scots pine in Central Europe increased by 29% between 1900 and 2000 due to changes in site productivity

Author: Luiza Tymińska-Czabańska, Patrick Vallet, Jarosław Socha, Piotr Tompalski, Svein Øivind Solberg, UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF FORESTRY KRAKOW POL, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), project I-MAESTROumbrella of ForestValue ERA-NETNational Science Centre, PolandFrench Ministry of Agriculture, Agrifood, and ForestryFrench Ministry of Higher Education, Research and InnovationGerman Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) via Agency for Renewable Resources (FNR)Slovenian Ministry of Education, Science and Sport (MIZS)project 'Actual and potential site productivity in Poland for the main forest forming tree species' - General Directorate of State Forests in PolandER-2717-11/14, European Project: DP0773324,ARC::Discovery Projects(2007), and Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Forest management, Climate change, Site index, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Forest ecology, Growth rate, height growth model, Nature and Landscape Conservation, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, biology, Scots pine, Forestry, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, nitrogen deposition, climate change, Productivity (ecology), 13. Climate action, Germination, Environmental science, Stem analysis, site index, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Increasing atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate change are considered the main factors accelerating the long-term growth of forests. Quantification of changes in growth rate can be extremely useful in monitoring and assessing the impact of climate change on site productivity. In this study, we carried out a country-wide analysis of long-term (100 years) dynamics and changes in the height growth rate and site index (SI) of Scots pine in Poland. To ensure representativeness we used a large sample of stem analysis trees collected on 312 plots selected using stratified sampling. To control the effect of site fertility and thus avoid the over-representation of older stands on infertile sites, we measured a range of soil properties that, together with environmental indicators characterising climatic conditions and topography, were used in growth trend modelling as explanatory variables. We found that trees planted in successive years have grown faster. The SI calculated for individual trees is linearly dependent on the year of germination and with increasing age of germination, the SI at the base age of 100 years has increased by 8.4 cm per year. Despite the differences in the growth dynamics of pines planted in different germination years, tree growth follows the same growth pattern. The observed continuous changes in site productivity correspond to an increase in the SI by over 29% between 1900 and 2000. A consequence of continuous changes in site conditions and height growth rate is ambiguity in derived SI values. Under changing site conditions, SI values calculated based on stand height and age depend not only on site productivity but also the year of germination. As a consequence, stands growing under identical site conditions show different SIs, which should be acknowledged if the SI is to be used in forest management. Therefore, determining the SI of newly established stands based on the SI of older generations requires the application of an amendment to account for stand age. Continuously improving our understanding of potential climate change impacts on forest ecosystems is essential and provide information to support forest managers seeking to develop effective adaptation measures and determine sustainable forestry production. As such, our results provide valuable support when making long-term decisions and developing effective adaptation strategies in forest management.
Published: 2021

8. Prevalence of malnutrition using harmonized definitions in older adults from different settings – A MaNuEL study

Author: Wolters, Maike, Volkert, Dorothee, Streicher, Melanie, Kiesswetter, Eva, Torbahn, Gabriel, O’Connor, Eibhlís M., O’keeffe, Mary, Kelly, Mary, O’herlihy, Eileen, O’Toole, Paul W., Timmons, Suzanne, O’Shea, Emma, Kearney, Patricia, van Zwienen-Pot, Judith, Visser, Marjolein, Maître, Isabelle, Van Wymelbeke, Virginie, Sulmont-Rossé, Claire, Nagel, Gabriele, Flechtner Mors, Marion, Goisser, Sabine, Teh, Ruth, Hebestreit, Antje, on behalf of the MaNuEL consortium, ., Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Leibniz Association, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University of Limerick (UL), University College Cork (UCC), VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], VU University Amsterdam, Groupe de Recherche en Agroalimentaire sur les Produits et les Procédés (GRAPPE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Heidelberg University, University of Auckland [Auckland], The European Federation of the Associations of Dietitians, Partenaires INRAE, University Hospital, European Union, University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], The European Nutrition for Health Alliance, Optimal Nutrition Care for All, The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Projet MalNutrition in the ELderly (MANUEL), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, HRB, Nutrition and Health, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Societal Participation & Health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Internal medicine, and AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Mini nutritional assessment, Hospitalized patients, Nutritional Status, Prevalence, Older adults, Elderly, Older people, Malnutrition, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Affect (psychology), Residential Facilities, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, SDG 2 - Zero Hunger, Geriatric Assessment, Aged, 2. Zero hunger, Aged, 80 and over, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Mean age, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 16. Peace & justice, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Nutrition Assessment, Functional status, Female, Nursing homes, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Background & aims: Malnutrition is widespread among older people and related to poor outcome. Reported prevalences vary widely, also because of different diagnostic criteria used. This study aimed to describe prevalences in several populations of older persons in different settings using harmonized definitions. Methods: Available studies within the Joint Programming Initiative (JPI) Knowledge Hub ‘Malnutrition in the Elderly’ (MaNuEL) were used to calculate and compare prevalences of malnutrition indicators: low BMI (2 ; age-specific BMI 2 if age ≥70 years), previous weight loss (WL), moderate and severe decrease in food intake, and combined BMI 2 and/or WL in participants aged ≥65 years. Results: Fifteen samples with in total 5956 participants (59.3% women) were included: 7 consisting of community-dwelling persons, 2 studies in geriatric day hospitals, 3 studies in hospitalized patients and 3 in nursing homes. Mean age of participants ranged between 67 and 87 years. Up to 4.2% of community-dwelling persons had a BMI 2 , 1.6 and 9% of geriatric day hospital patients, 4.5–9.4% of hospital patients and 3.8–18.2% of nursing home residents. Using age-specific cut-offs doubled these prevalences. WL was reported in 2.3–10.5% of community-dwelling persons, 6% and 12.6% of geriatric day hospital patients, 5–14% of hospitalized patients and 4.5–7.7% of nursing home residents. Severe decrease in food intake was recorded in up to 9.6% of community-dwelling persons, 1.5% and 12% of geriatric day hospital patients, 3.4–34.2% of hospitalized patients and 1.5–8.2% of nursing home residents. The criteria age-specific BMI and WL showed opposing prevalences across all settings. Compared to women, low BMI and moderate decrease in food intake showed low prevalences in men but similar prevalences were observed for weight loss and severe decrease in food intake. In half of the study samples, participants in a younger age group had a higher prevalence of WL compared to those of an older age group. Prevalence of BMI 2 and WL at the same time did not exceed 2.6% in all samples. The highest prevalences were observed based on combined definitions when only one of the three criteria had to be present. Conclusions: Prevalences for different criteria vary between and within the settings which might be explained by varying functional status. The criteria used strongly affect prevalence and it may be preferable to look at each criterion separately as each may indicate a nutritional problem.
Published: 2019

9. Methodology to assess the changing risk of yield failure due to heat and drought stress under climate change

Author: Tommaso Stella, Jon I. Lizaso, Sravya Mamidanna, C. Gabaldón-Leal, Mohamed Jabloun, Margarita Ruiz-Ramos, Alex C. Ruane, Stefan Fronzek, Pierre Stratonovitch, Brian Collins, Pierre Martre, Roberto Ferrise, Jørgen E. Olesen, Alfredo Rodríguez, Frank Ewert, Marco Bindi, Loic Manceau, Babacar Faye, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Mikhail A. Semenov, Ignacio J. Lorite, Nándor Fodor, Claas Nendel, Heidi Webber, Simone Bregaglio, Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Aarhus University [Aarhus], iCLIMATE Aarhus University Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), James Cook University (JCU), UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Potsdam, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Rothamsted Research, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, International Wheat Yield Partnership (IWYP115 Project)., FACCE JPI MACSUR project through the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (2815ERA01J)., FACCE MACSUR project by Innovation Fund Denmark and by the SustES project—Adaptation strategies for sustainable ecosystem services and food security under adverse environmental conditions (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) through Designing Future Wheat [BB/P016855/1] and Achieving Sustainable Agricultural Systems [NE/N018125/1], FACCE JPI MACSUR project (031A103B) through the metaprogram Adaptation of Agriculture and Forests to Climate Change (AAFCC) of the Franch National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE)., German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) through the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE), (2851ERA01J) for FACCE MACSUR, the German Research Foundation under Germany’s Excellence Strategy, EXC-2070—390732324—PhenoRob., Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Return period, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, climate change impact, climate risk assessment, crop model, maize, relative distribution, wheat, Yield (finance), Distribution (economics), Climate change, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, IRRIGATION, Range (statistics), skin and connective tissue diseases, Baseline (configuration management), 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 2. Zero hunger, ENVIRONMENT, 0303 health sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Crop yield, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, BIASES, COMPOUND DRY, 15. Life on land, CHANGE IMPACTS, VARIABILITY, CROP YIELDS, Plant Production Systems, 13. Climate action, Plantaardige Productiesystemen, Environmental science, sense organs, business, Risk assessment
Abstract: International audience; While the understanding of average impacts of climate change on crop yields is improving, few assessments have quantified expected impacts on yield distributions and the risk of yield failures. Here we present the relative distribution as a method to assess how the risk of yield failure due to heat and drought stress (measured in terms of return period between yields falling 15% below previous five year Olympic average yield) responds to changes of the underlying yield distributions under climate change. Relative distributions are used to capture differences in the entire yield distribution between baseline and climate change scenarios, and to further decompose them into changes in the location and shape of the distribution. The methodology is applied here for the case of rainfed wheat and grain maize across Europe using an ensemble of crop models under three climate change scenarios with simulations conducted at 25 km resolution. Under climate change, maize generally displayed shorter return periods of yield failures (with changes under RCP 4.5 between −0.3 and 0 years compared to the baseline scenario) associated with a shift of the yield distribution towards lower values and changes in shape of the distribution that further reduced the frequency of high yields. This response was prominent in the areas characterized in the baseline scenario by high yields and relatively long return periods of failure. Conversely, for wheat, yield failures were projected to become less frequent under future scenarios (with changes in the return period of −0.1 to +0.4 years under RCP 4.5) and were associated with a shift of the distribution towards higher values and a change in shape increasing the frequency of extreme yields at both ends. Our study offers an approach to quantify the changes in yield distributions that drive crop yield failures. Actual risk assessments additionally require models that capture the variety of drivers determining crop yield variability and scenario climate input data that samples the range of probable climate variation.
Published: 2021

10. Le mélange des espèces réduit la sensibilité à la sécheresse du pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) et du chêne (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) - L'approvisionnement en eau et la fertilité du site modifient l'effet de mélange

Author: Steckel, M., del Río, Macarena, Heym, M., Aldea, J., Bielak, K., Brazaitis, G., Cerny, J., Coll, L., Collet, Catherine, Ehbrecht, M., Jansons, A., Nothdurft, A., Pach, M., Pardos, M., Ponette, Quentin, Reventlow, D.O.J., Sitko, R., Svoboda, M., Vallet, Patrick, Wolff, B., Pretzsch, Hans, TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH DEU, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), UNIVERSITY OF VALLADOLID AND INIA MADRID ESP, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SGGW WARSAW UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES POL, Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), FORESTRY AND GAME MANAGEMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE JILOVISTE CZE, UNIVERSITY OF LLEIDA ESP, SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), GEORG AUGUST UNIVERSITAT GOTTINGEN DEU, LATVIAN STATE FOREST RESARCH INSTITUTE SILAVA SALASPILS LVA, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE KRAKOW POL, Centro de Investigacion Forestal (INIA-CIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN DNK, Technical University in Zvolen (TUZVO), CZECH UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES SUCHDOL CZE, Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), European Union as part of the ERA-Net SUMFOREST project REFORM -Mixed species forest management, German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) through the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE) : 2816ERA02S, Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT): S-SUMFOREST-17-1, Ecofor, Allenvi, French national research infrastructure ANAEE-F, European Project: 778322,H2020-EU.1.3.3.,CARE4C (2018), Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), and Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development (HNE)
Subjects: Drought stress, SPEI, Resilience, Recovery, education, fungi, Resistance, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, food and beverages, Complementarity, Facilitation, Ecological gradient
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SEDYVIN; International audience; Tree species mixing has been widely promoted as a promising silvicultural tool for reducing drought stress. However, so far only a limited number of species combinations have been studied in detail, revealing inconsistent results. In this study, we analysed the effect of mixing Scots pine and oak (pedunculate oak and sessile oak) trees on their drought response along a comprehensive ecological gradient across Europe. The objective was to improve our knowledge of general drought response patterns of two fundamental European tree species in mixed versus monospecific stands. We focused on three null hypotheses: (HI) tree drought response does not differ between Scots pine and oak, (HII) tree drought response of Scots pine and oak is not affected by stand composition (mixture versus monoculture) and (HIII) tree drought response of Scots pine and oak in mixtures and monocultures is not modified by tree size or site conditions. To test the hypotheses, we analysed increment cores of Scots pine and oak, sampled in mixed and monospecific stands, covering a wide range of site conditions. We investigated resistance (the ability to maintain growth levels during drought), recovery (the ability to restore a level of growth after drought) and resilience (the capacity to recover to pre-drought growth levels), involving sitespecific drought events that occurred between 1976 and 2015. In monocultures, oak showed a higher resistance and resilience than Scots pine, while recovery was lower. Scots pine in mixed stands exhibited a higher resistance, but also a lower recovery compared with Scots pine in monocultures. Mixing increased the resistance and resilience of oak. Ecological factors such as tree size, site water supply and site fertility were found to have significant effects on the drought response. In the case of Scots pine, resistance was increased by tree size, while recovery was lowered. Resistance of oak increased with site water supply. The observed mixing effect on the tree drought response of Scots pine and oak was in some cases modified by the site conditions studied. Positive mixing effects in terms of resistance and resilience of oak increased with site water supply, while the opposite was found regarding recovery. In contrast, site fertility lessened the positive mixing effect on the resistance of Scots pine. We hypothesise that the observed positive mixing effects under drought mainly result from waterand/or light-related species interactions that improve resource availability and uptake according to temporal and spatial variations in environmental conditions.
Published: 2020

11. Why do crop models diverge substantially in climate impact projections? A comprehensive analysis based on eight barley crop models

Author: Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Frank Ewert, Carlos Gregorio Hernández Díaz-Ambrona, Pierre Martre, Fulu Tao, Tapio Salo, Camilla Dibari, Xenia Specka, Lucía Rodríguez, Roberto Ferrise, Amit Kumar Srivastava, G. Padovan, Taru Palosuo, Davide Cammarano, Margarita Ruiz-Ramos, M. Ines Minguez, Alan H. Schulman, Mikhail A. Semenov, Thomas Gaiser, Claas Nendel, Reimund P. Rötter, Jukka Höhn, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Institute of Biotechnology, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Rothamsted Research, Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Department of Agronomy, Purdue University [West Lafayette], Crop Science Group, INRES, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Helsinki, FACCE-MACSUR knowledge hub (031A103B), Academy of Finland through projects AI-CropPro (decision no. 316172), DivCSA (decision no. 316215), Natural Resources Institute Finland through strategic projects ClimSmartAgri and Boost-IA, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, ‘Limpopo Living Landscapes’ project within the SPACES program (grant number 01LL1304A), IMPAC^3 project funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ 031A351A), MULCLIVAR CGL2012-38923-C02-02 from MINECO and by MACSUR01-UPM from INIA within FACCE-JPI, German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) through the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE), (2851ERA01J), German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), 031B0039C, FACCE-MACSUR project (031A103B) through the metaprogramme on Adaptation of Agriculture and Forests to Climate Change (AAFCC) of the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), FACCE-JPI project ClimBar (Academy of Finland decision 284987), JPI FACCE MACSUR2 through the Italian Ministry for Agricultural, Food, and Forestry Policies, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Designing Future Wheat project (BB/P016855/1)., European Project: 613556,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,WHEALBI(2014), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT, Climate change, Crop growth simulation, Agricultural engineering, SIMULATION-MODELS, 01 natural sciences, NITROGEN DYNAMICS, Evapotranspiration, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Precipitation, ATMOSPHERIC CO2, FIELD EXPERIMENT, TEMPERATURE, 1172 Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, Biomass (ecology), RICE PHENOLOGY, WHEAT GROWTH, Crop growth stimulation, business.industry, Model improvement, Global warming, Uncertainty, Forestry, Agriculture, 15. Life on land, 11831 Plant biology, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Impact, Boreal, 13. Climate action, 415 Other agricultural sciences, Environmental science, business, ELEVATED CO2, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Robust projections of climate impact on crop growth and productivity by crop models are key to designing effective adaptations to cope with future climate risk. However, current crop models diverge strongly in their climate impact projections. Previous studies tried to compare or improve crop models regarding the impact of one single climate variable. However, this approach is insufficient, considering that crop growth and yield are affected by the interactive impacts of multiple climate change factors and multiple interrelated biophysical processes. Here, a new comprehensive analysis was conducted to look holistically at the reasons why crop models diverge substantially in climate impact projections and to investigate which biophysical processes and knowledge gaps are key factors affecting this uncertainty and should be given the highest priorities for improvement. First, eight barley models and eight climate projections for the 2050s were applied to investigate the uncertainty from crop model structure in climate impact projections for barley growth and yield at two sites: Jokioinen, Finland (Boreal) and Lleida, Spain (Mediterranean). Sensitivity analyses were then conducted on the responses of major crop processes to major climatic variables including temperature, precipitation, irradiation, and CO2, as well as their interactions, for each of the eight crop models. The results showed that the temperature and CO2 relationships in the models were the major sources of the large discrepancies among the models in climate impact projections. In particular, the impacts of increases in temperature and CO2 on leaf area development were identified as the major causes for the large uncertainty in simulating changes in evapotranspiration, above-ground biomass, and grain yield. Our findings highlight that advancements in understanding the basic processes and thresholds by which climate warming and CO2 increases will affect leaf area development, crop evapotranspiration, photosynthesis, and grain formation in contrasting environments are needed for modeling their impacts.
Published: 2020

12. Peut on réconcilier conservation de la nature et production de bois dans les forêts exploitées ? Une synthèse des forces motrices de la gestion forestière intégrée en Europe

Author: Georg Winkel, Ida Wallin, A. Konczal, Metodi Sotirov, Jakob Derks, Y. Paillet, Marcus Lindner, Raffaele Spinelli, Marc Hanewinkel, Filip Aggestam, EUROPEAN FOREST INSTITUTE BONN DEU, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Italian National Research Council, National Research Council [Italy] (CNR), and German Federal Ministry for Food and Agriculture (BMEL) under the Integrated Forest Management Learning Architecture (INFORMAR) project (contract number Forst-2017-1) - BMEL, through the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE), under the POLYFORES project (grant number 2816ERA03S)
Subjects: Conservation of Natural Resources, Environmental Engineering, Integrated forest management, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Forest management, Biodiversity, Land sharing and sparing, 02 engineering and technology, Forests, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Trees, Nature conservation, Production (economics), Harvesting, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Driving factors, Wood production, business.industry, Corporate governance, Environmental resource management, Forestry, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, Wood, 020801 environmental engineering, Europe, Outreach, Habitat, 13. Climate action, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business
Abstract: International audience; Integrated forest management (IFM) can help reconcile critical trade-offs between goals in forest management, such as nature conservation and biomass production. The challenge of IFM is dealing with these trade-offs at the level of practical forest management, such as striving for compromises between biomass extraction and habitat retention. This paper reviews some of the driving factors that influence the integration of nature conservation into forest management. The review was conducted in three steps-a literature review, an expert workshop and an expert-based cooperative analysis. Of 38 driving factors identified, three were prioritised by more of the participants than any of the others: two are socio-cultural factors, identity (how people identify with forest) as well as outreach and education, and one is economic-competitiveness in forest value chains. These driving factors correspond to what are considered in the literature as enablers for IFM. The results reveal that targeted, group-oriented, adaptive and innovative policy designs are needed to integrate nature conservation into forest management. Further, the results reveal that a "one-size-fits-all" governance approach would be ineffective, implying that policy instruments need to consider contextually specific driving factors. Understanding the main driving factors and their overall directions can help to better manage trade-offs between biodiversity conservation and biomass production in European forests.
Published: 2020

13. Optimizing the application of plasma functionalised water (PFW) for microbial safety in fresh-cut endive processing

Author: Paula Bourke, Daniela Boehm, Jörg Stachowiak, Robert Wagner, Mathias Andrasch, Martina Balazinski, Uta Schnabel, Jörg Ehlbeck, Federal Ministry for Food and Agriculture (BMEL) of Germany, Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine, Ireland, 'Deutsche Innovationspartnerschaft Agrar' (DIP), SFI, and FIRM program
Subjects: Microbial safety, Ready-to-eat produce, Food Processing, Shelf life, Leafy greens, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Food safety, chemistry.chemical_compound, Microwave-driven discharge, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Nitrate, Tap water, Antimicrobial effect, Food science, Microbial Viability, Single application, Other Food Science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Chemistry, Microbiological quality, Non-thermal processing, 040401 food science, chemistry, Food Microbiology, Environmental science, Food Science
Abstract: The microbiological profiles and responses of native microflora of endive were investigated using a model process line, to establish where a defined PFW should be optimally applied to retain or improve produce microbiological quality. The PFW processes were compared with tap water and ClO2. The antimicrobial efficacy of PFW was quantified by determining the reduction in microbial load, the microbial viability and vitality. Depending on the stage of application of PFW, up to 5 log10-cycles reduction was achieved, accompanied by a reduction of metabolic activity, but not necessarily with a decrease in metabolic vitality. Multiple application (3-step-PFW-application) was more effective than single application (1-step-PFW-application) and PFW showed stronger antimicrobial effect in pre-cleaned endive. High concentrations of nitrite (315 mg l−1) and nitrate (472 mg l−1) in PFW were the main factors for the antimicrobial efficacy of PFW against bacteria. Furthermore, H2O2 and an acidic pH supported the mechanism of action against the endive microflora. These results identify the pathway to scale up successful industrial application of PFW targeting microbiological quality and safety of fresh leafy products. Industrial relevance: The safety, quality and shelf life of freshly cut vegetables, e.g. lettuce, are strongly influenced by the microbial load. In addition, the hygienic design of production line, and a good handling/ production practice are indispensable. This study shows that the application of PFW, as a promising non-thermal sanitation technology, enables the inactivation of native microbial contamination on fresh-cut endive depending on the process stage of application. It further describes the impact of PFW on the metabolic activity and metabolic vitality of the lettuce-associated microflora. For higher acceptance, the mechanism of action of PFW was assumed based on previous chemical analyses and compared to the industrial standard of ClO2. The results contribute to the understanding and product-specificity of PFW-induced effects on safety, quality and shelf life of fresh cut lettuce and could be a basis for a possible industrial implementation and complement of common technologies. Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine Science Foundation Ireland -- replace default Federal Ministry for Food and Agriculture (BMEL) of Germany Federal Office for Agriculture and Food
Published: 2021

14. Evaluating the precision of eight spatial sampling schemes in estimating regional means of simulated yield for two crops

Author: Elisabet Lewan, Eckart Priesack, Edmar Teixeira, Davide Cammarano, Balázs Grosz, Julie Constantin, Elsa Coucheney, Senthold Asseng, Jagadeesh Yeluripati, Pier Paolo Roggero, Giacomo Trombi, Henrik Eckersten, Stefan Siebert, Specka Xenia, Reimund P. Rötter, Frank Ewert, Thomas Gaiser, Marco Bindi, Marco Moriondo, Matthias Kuhnert, Luca Doro, Christian Klein, Fulu Tao, Gang Zhao, Helene Raynal, Ralf Kiese, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Claas Nendel, Belay T. Kassie, Christian Biernath, Holger Hoffmann, Edwin Haas, Florian Heinlein, Daniel Wallach, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation [Bonn] (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, The James Hutton Institute, Departement of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute of landscape systems analysis, INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, University of Aberdeen, Environmental Impacts Group, Natural resources institute Finland, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Systems Modelling Team (Sustainable Production Group), Plant & Food Research, Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institut, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS), Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering [Gainesville] (UF|ABE), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences, University delgi Studi di Firenze, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology (BIOP), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) through the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE) [2851ERA01J], Joint Programme Initiative FACCE, MACSUR Knowledge Hub, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) through the SPACES project 'Living Landscapes Limpopo', WASCAL (West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use) project, NOAA RISA grant, FACCE MACSUR project by the Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MMM), Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning [220-2007-1218], strategic funding 'Soil-Water-Landscape' from the faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), ACCAF INRA meta-program, and Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS)
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Simple random sampling, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Stratified random sampling, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Environment variable, Ecosystem model, Statistics, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Crop model, [MATH]Mathematics [math], 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Mathematics, 2. Zero hunger, Ecological Modeling, Crop yield, fungi, food and beverages, Sampling (statistics), Model comparison, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Simple random sample, Stratified sampling, Sample size determination, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Soil water, Up-scaling, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Clustering, Crop Model, Model Comparison, Precision Gain, Simple Random Sampling, Stratified Random Sampling, Precision gain, Software
Abstract: We compared the precision of simple random sampling (SimRS) and seven types of stratified random sampling (StrRS) schemes in estimating regional mean of water-limited yields for two crops (winter wheat and silage maize) that were simulated by fourteen crop models. We found that the precision gains of StrRS varied considerably across stratification methods and crop models. Precision gains for compact geographical stratification were positive, stable and consistent across crop models. Stratification with soil water holding capacity had very high precision gains for twelve models, but resulted in negative gains for two models. Increasing the sample size monotonously decreased the sampling errors for all the sampling schemes. We conclude that compact geographical stratification can modestly but consistently improve the precision in estimating regional mean yields. Using the most influential environmental variable for stratification can notably improve the sampling precision, especially when the sensitivity behavior of a crop model is known. We compare eight sampling schemes for estimating regional mean crop yield.Precision of eight schemes is compared across fourteen crop models.Compact geographical stratification can always improve the precision.Stratification with soil had very high gains of precision for twelve crop models.Our findings can improve the precision of site-based regional crop modeling.
Published: 2016

15. Contribution of crop model structure, parameters and climate projections to uncertainty in climate change impact assessments

Author: Xenia Specka, Mikhail A. Semenov, Carlos Gregorio Hernández Díaz-Ambrona, Frank Ewert, Roberto Ferrise, Margarita Ruiz-Ramos, Fulu Tao, Pierre Martre, Alan H. Schulman, Holger Hoffmann, Marco Bindi, Jukka Höhn, Thomas Gaiser, Anaëlle Dambreville, Claas Nendel, Taru Palosuo, Davide Cammarano, Lucía Rodríguez, M. Ines Minguez, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Reimund P. Rötter, Tapio Salo, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), University of Madrid, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Institute of Landscape Systems Analysis, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Leibniz Association, Crop Science Group, INRES, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences, University delgi Studi di Firenze, The James Hutton Institute, University of Helsinki, FACCE-JPI, the FACCE-MACSUR, Grant/Award Number: 031A103B, Finland Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, FACCE-MACSUR, Academy of Finland, the NORFASYS, Grant/Award Number: 268277, 292944, PLUMES, Grant/Award Number: 277403, 292836, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Grant/Award Number: 01LL1304A, 031A351A, Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, the MULCLIVAR, Grant/Award Number: CGL2012-38923- C02-02, German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) through the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE), Grant/Award Number: 2851ERA01J, German Ministry of Education and Research BMBF), Grant/Award Number: 031B0039C, French National Institute for Agricultural Research, Grant/Award Number: 031A103B, Italian Ministry for Agricultural, Food, and Forestry Policies, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Grant/Award Number: BB/P016855/1, European Project: 613556,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,WHEALBI(2014), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), and Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Crops, Agricultural, Time Factors, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Yield (finance), Climate Change, Climate change, Super-ensemble, 01 natural sciences, Models, Biological, Crop, Barley, Environmental Chemistry, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Geología, Finland, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Impact assessment, Arctic Regions, Mediterranean Region, Agricultura, Simulation modeling, Probabilistic logic, Uncertainty, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Europe, Impact, Boreal, 13. Climate action, Spain, Climatology, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Forecasting
Abstract: International audience; Climate change impact assessments are plagued with uncertainties from many sources, such as climate projections or the inadequacies in structure and parameters of the impact model. Previous studies tried to account for the uncertainty from one or two of these. Here, we developed a triple-ensemble probabilistic assessment using seven crop models, multiple sets of model parameters and eight contrasting climate projections together to comprehensively account for uncertainties from these three important sources. We demonstrated the approach in assessing climate change impact on barley growth and yield at Jokioinen, Finland in the Boreal climatic zone and Lleida, Spain in the Mediterranean climatic zone, for the 2050s. We further quantified and compared the contribution of crop model structure, crop model parameters and climate projections to the total variance of ensemble output using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Based on the triple-ensemble probabilistic assessment, the median of simulated yield change was −4% and +16%, and the probability of decreasing yield was 63% and 31% in the 2050s, at Jokioinen and Lleida, respectively, relative to 1981–2010. The contribution of crop model structure to the total variance of ensemble output was larger than that from downscaled climate projections and model parameters. The relative contribution of crop model parameters and downscaled climate projections to the total variance of ensemble output varied greatly among the seven crop models and between the two sites. The contribution of downscaled climate projections was on average larger than that of crop model parameters. This information on the uncertainty from different sources can be quite useful for model users to decide where to put the most effort when preparing or choosing models or parameters for impact analyses. We concluded that the triple-ensemble probabilistic approach that accounts for the uncertainties from multiple important sources provide more comprehensive information for quantifying uncertainties in climate change impact assessments as compared to the conventional approaches that are deterministic or only account for the uncertainties from one or two of the uncertainty sources.
Published: 2018

16. Assessing the ability of chloroplast and nNuclear DNA gene markers to verify the geographic origin of jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) timber

Author: Camila Lucas Chaves, Birte Pakull, Alexandre Magno Sebbenn, Malte Mader, Euridice Honorio, Niklas Tysklind, Bernd Degen, Paulo Maurício Ruas, State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Thünen-Institut für Forstgenetik, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Instituto Florestal de São Paulo, German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) [28I00101], and Brazilian CAPES program
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Genetic Markers, Heterozygote, timber tracking, DNA, Plant, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, illegal logging, Genetic variation, Genetics, Hymenaea, Cluster Analysis, tropical trees, Indel, Hymenaea courbaril, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Cell Nucleus, Genetic diversity, biology, Base Sequence, nSSRs, DNA, Chloroplast, Genetic Variation, Bayes Theorem, 15. Life on land, South America, biology.organism_classification, Phylogeography, 030104 developmental biology, forensics, Chloroplast DNA, Evolutionary biology, Genetic marker, Microsatellite, Biotechnology, SNPs
Abstract: International audience; Deforestation-reinforced by illegal logging-is a serious problem in many tropical regions and causes pervasive environmental and economic damage. Existing laws that intend to reduce illegal logging need efficient, fraud resistant control methods. We developed a genetic reference database for Jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril), an important, high value timber species from the Neotropics. The data set can be used for controls on declarations of wood origin. Samples from 308 Hymenaea trees from 12 locations in Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and French Guiana have been collected and genotyped on 10 nuclear microsatellites (nSSRs), 13 chloroplast SNPs (cpSNP), and 1 chloroplast indel marker. The chloroplast gene markers have been developed using Illumina DNA sequencing. Bayesian cluster analysis divided the individuals based on the nSSRs into 8 genetic groups. Using self-assignment tests, the power of the genetic reference database to judge on declarations on the location has been tested for 3 different assignment methods. We observed a strong genetic differentiation among locations leading to high and reliable self-assignment rates for the locations between 50% to 100% (average of 88%). Although all 3 assignment methods came up with similar mean self-assignment rates, there were differences for some locations linked to the level of genetic diversity, differentiation, and heterozygosity. Our results show that the nuclear and chloroplast gene markers are effective to be used for a genetic certification system and can provide national and international authorities with a robust tool to confirm legality of timber.
Published: 2018

17. How Climate Change Will Affect Forest Composition and Forest Operations in Baden-Württemberg

Author: Berendt, Ferréol, Fortin, Mathieu, Jaeger, Dirk, Schweier, Janine, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Laboratoire d'Etudes des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) of the 'Forderrichtlinie Waldklimafond' (Forderkennzeichen) 28W-B-3-048-01, French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the 'Investissements d'Avenir' program ANR-11-LABX-0002-01, German Research Foundation (DFG), University of Freiburg through funding program Open Access Publishing, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech
Subjects: IMPACT, forestry practices, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], gis, opération forestière, sig, MANAGEMENT, ADAPTATION, CUT, global change, species suitability map, BRUSH MATS, changement climatique, DECISION-SUPPORT-SYSTEM, AVAILABILITY, forest operations, SOIL COMPACTION, bade wurtemberg, lcsh:QK900-989, RESILIENCE, PROJECTIONS, allemagne, lcsh:Plant ecology, gestion des forêts, timber harvesting, timber extraction, forest development types
Abstract: In order to accommodate foreseen climate change in European forests, the following are recommended: (i) to increase the number of tree species and the structural diversity; (ii) to replace unsuitable species by native broadleaved tree species, and (iii) to apply close-to-nature silviculture. The state forest department of Baden-Württemberg (BW) currently follows the concept of Forest Development Types (FDTs). However, future climatic conditions will have an impact on these types of forest as well as timber harvesting operations. This Geographic Information System (GIS)-based analysis identified appropriate locations for main FDTs and timber harvesting and extraction methods through the use of species suitability maps, topography, and soil sensitivity data. Based on our findings, the most common FDT in the state forest of BW is expected to be coniferous-beech mixed forests with 29.0% of the total forest area, followed by beech-coniferous (20.5%) and beech-broadleaved (15.4%) mixed forests. Where access for fully mechanized systems is not possible, the main harvesting and extraction methods would be motor manual felling and cable yarding (29.1%). High proportions of large dimensioned trees will require timber extraction using forestry tractors, and these will need to be operated from tractor roads on sensitive soils (23.0%), and from skid trails on insensitive soils (18.4%).
Published: 2017

18. Tackling the increasing problem of malnutrition in older persons: The Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) Knowledge Hub

Author: C. Geisler, Marjolein Visser, L. C. P. G. M. De Groot, Dorothee Volkert, de van der Schueren, Clare A. Corish, Eibhlís M. O'Connor, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, Christa Lohrmann, Karin Schindler, Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy (BMWFW, Ecole Sup erieure d’Agricultires (ESA), Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, HRB, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ERC, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), Internal medicine, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, APH - Aging & Later Life, and APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Gerontology, Sociology of scientific knowledge, Work package, Protein–energy malnutrition, Medicine (miscellaneous), elderly, protein-energy malnutrition, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, prevention, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, VLAG, Global Nutrition, Wereldvoeding, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, treatment, business.industry, Stakeholder, determinants, medicine.disease, Joint action, Malnutrition, Screening, Observational study, Professional association, business, policy
Abstract: In order to tackle the increasing problem of malnutrition (i.e. protein-energy malnutrition) in the older population, the Joint Action Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) Knowledge Hub has been recently launched as part of the Strategic Research Agenda of the Joint Programming Initiative (JPI) A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life (HDHL). This paper introduces this new European initiative and describes its objectives and design. The MaNuEL Consortium consists of 22 research groups from seven countries (Austria, France, Germany, Ireland, Spain, the Netherlands and New Zealand). The Consortium aims to extend scientific knowledge; strengthen evidence-based practice in the management of malnutrition in older persons; build a sustainable, transnational, competent network of malnutrition experts; and harmonise research and clinical practice. MaNuEL is built on five interconnected work packages that focus on 1) defining treatable malnutrition; 2) screening of malnutrition in different settings; 3) determinants of malnutrition; 4) prevention and treatment of malnutrition; and 5) policies and education regarding malnutrition screening and treatment in older persons across Europe. Systematic literature reviews will be performed to assess current research on malnutrition and identify potential knowledge gaps. Secondary data analyses of nutritional intervention trials and observational studies will also be conducted. Using web-based questionnaires, MaNuEL will provide insight into current clinical practice, policies, and health professionals’ education on malnutrition and will make recommendations for improvement. MaNuEL is being advised by a stakeholder board of five experts in geriatric nutrition who represent relevant European professional societies. Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine Austria, Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy (BMWFW) France, Ecole Supérieure d'Agricultires (ESA) Germany, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) represented by Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE) Instituto de Salud Carlos III The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw)
Published: 2017

19. Terrestrial laser scanning as a tool for assessing tree growth

Author: Christopher Morhart, Jan Hackenberg, Jonathan Sheppard, Heinrich Spiecker, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, University of Freiburg, Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut géographique national [IGN] (IGN), Federal Ministry of Education and Research of germany (BMBF) within the Sino-German Lin2Value project 033L049A, German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) within the project 'AgroWertholz' 22031112, European Project: 311919, and Sheppard, Jonathan
Subjects: FOREST STRUCTURE, WOOD DENSITY, BIOMASS, MODELS, CLOUDS, VOLUME, STEMS, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, cerisier, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Annual growth %, Quantitative Structure Models, TLS, Statistics, Botany, imagerie à balayage, Prunus avium L, Time Series Analysis, lcsh:Forestry, Time series, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Mathematics, Tree measurement, Biomass (ecology), cherry tree, Ecology, Quantitative structure, Forestry, Terrestrial laser scanning, 15. Life on land, Wild Cherry, laser, Tree (data structure), allemagne, croissance des arbres, lcsh:SD1-669.5, Allometry, Simpletree, outil d'évaluation, numérisation
Abstract: Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology is a powerful tool for assessing tree growth based on time series analysis, as it allows a level of scrutiny not achievable using established destructive techniques.[br/] We applied TLS technology to 21 wild cherry trees grown in a research plot near Breisach (southern Germany) in order to build quantitative structure models (QSMs) for each tree. Scans were carried out over three subsequent years (2012-2014), so that three QSMs per each tree were constructed.[br/] Using the above approach, we were able to assess the annual growth of the individual wild cherry trees in terms of diameter and height, stem and branch volume, and the merchantable timber fraction. In addition, the growth of single branches of sample trees was detected and quantified. The availability of QSMs based on TLS-derived data allowed the accurate determination of crown length and width, as well as the volume reduction as the result of the tree pruning applied after the first scan (2012). The aboveground biomass (AGB) was assessed for each tree based on the QSM-derived volume and published wood density values for wild cherry, and then compared with AGB values estimated with standard allometric methods, obtaining a very high correlation (r(adj)(2) = 0.941).[br/] We concluded that the proposed approach is an effective non-destructive technique to accurately assess the increase of tree biomass, and discuss its future application in the forestry sector.
Published: 2017

20. Impact of Spatial Soil and Climate Input Data Aggregation on Regional Yield Simulations

Author: Hoffmann, Holger, Zhao, Gang, Asseng, Senthold, Bindi, Marco, Biernath, Christian, Constantin, Julie, Coucheney, Elsa, Dechow, Rene, Doro, Luca, Eckersten, Henrik, Gaiser, Thomas, Grosz, Balázs, Heinlein, Florian, Kassie, Belay T., Klein, Christian, Kuhnert, Matthias, Lewan, Elisabet, Moriondo, Marco, Nendel, Claas, Priesack, Eckart, Raynal, Helene, Roggero, Pier P., Rötter, Reimund P., Siebert, Stefan, Specka, Xenia, Tao, Fulu, Teixeira, Edmar, Trombi, Giacomo, Wallach, Daniel, Weihermüller, Lutz, Yeluripati, Jagadeesh, Ewert, Frank, Kersebaum, Kurt Christian, Crop Science Group, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering [Gainesville] (UF|ABE), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences, University delgi Studi di Firenze, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology (BIOP), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Soil and Environment, University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS), Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institut, Desertification Research Group, University of Sassari, Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Institute of landscape systems analysis, Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), University of Aberdeen, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Environmental Impacts Group, Natural resources institute Finland, Plant & Food Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Craigiebuckler, The James Hutton Institute, German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) through Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE) [2851ERA01J], FACCE MACSUR through Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MMM) [3200009600], Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning [220-2007-1218], faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), INRA ACCAF metaprogram, UR MIAT INRA, Helmholtz project 'REKLIM - Regional Climate Change', HGF Alliance 'Remote Sensing and Earth System Dynamics' (EDA), German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) [FOR1695], German Science Foundation [EW 119/5-1], Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), and Hoffmann, Holger
Subjects: winter-wheat, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Databases, Factual, SYSTEMS SIMULATION, NITROGEN DYNAMICS, WINTER-WHEAT, CROP MODELS, DATA RESOLUTION, SCALE, WATER, VARIABILITY, CALIBRATION, WEATHER, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], nitrogen dynamics, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Geographical Locations, Soil, Yield (wine), Agricultural Soil Science, Germany, Range (statistics), [MATH]Mathematics [math], Triticum, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Simulation and Modeling, Sampling (statistics), Agriculture, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Plants, data resolution, Europe, Agricultural soil science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Wheat, Medicine, ddc:500, Seasons, Maize, Simulation and modeling, Winter, Cereal crops, Research Article, Crops, Agricultural, Climate Change, Science, Soil Science, Soil science, Crops, Research and Analysis Methods, Zea mays, crop models, scale, Model Organisms, Plant and Algal Models, Calibration, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Computer Simulation, Grasses, Agricultural Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, AGR/02 Agronomia e coltivazioni erbacee, variability, Crop yield, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Water, Oryza, 15. Life on land, calibration, Data aggregator, 13. Climate action, People and Places, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Earth Sciences, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, systems, Scale (map), water, Crop Science, Cereal Crops
Abstract: International audience; We show the error in water-limited yields simulated by crop models which is associated with spatially aggregated soil and climate input data. Crop simulations at large scales (regional, national, continental) frequently use input data of low resolution. Therefore, climate and soil data are often generated via averaging and sampling by area majority. This may bias simulated yields at large scales, varying largely across models. Thus, we evaluated the error associated with spatially aggregated soil and climate data for 14 crop models. Yields of winter wheat and silage maize were simulated under water-limited production conditions. We calculated this error from crop yields simulated at spatial resolutions from 1 to 100 km for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Most models showed yields biased by
Published: 2016

21. Rising temperatures reduce global wheat production

Author: Margarita Garcia-Vila, L. A. Hunt, Jørgen E. Olesen, P. V. V. Prasad, Pierre Martre, Katharina Waha, Curtis D. Jones, Pramod K. Aggarwal, Yan Zhu, Phillip D. Alderman, Christian Biernath, Fulu Tao, Bruno Basso, Davide Cammarano, Christoph Müller, Eckart Priesack, Taru Palosuo, Mohamed Jabloun, Thilo Streck, Zhigan Zhao, Jordi Doltra, Roberto C. Izaurralde, Alex C. Ruane, Andrew J. Challinor, Michael J. Ottman, Jeffrey W. White, Garry O'Leary, Reimund P. Rötter, David B. Lobell, Sebastian Gayler, Gerard W. Wall, G. De Sanctis, Matthew P. Reynolds, Senthold Asseng, Iurii Shcherbak, Peter J. Thorburn, Enli Wang, Bruce A. Kimball, Daniel Wallach, Mikhail A. Semenov, Claudio O. Stöckle, Claas Nendel, Jakarat Anothai, Ehsan Eyshi Rezaei, Pierre Stratonovitch, Ann-Kristin Koehler, Joost Wolf, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Frank Ewert, Iwan Supit, S. Naresh Kumar, Elias Fereres, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Columbia University, University of Florida, Department of Agriculture (US), Oregon State University, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Shahid Beheshti University, ARVALIS, International Food Policy Research Institute (US), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), German Research Foundation, Danish Council for Strategic Research, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (Germany), Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, National Natural Science Foundation of China, CGIAR (France), Grains Research and Development Corporation (Australia), Department of Environment and Primary Industries (Australia), Texas AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (Australia), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering [Gainesville] (UF|ABE), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation [Bonn] (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Plant Production Research, Agrifood Research Finland, Stanford University, Agricultural Research Service / US Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, The School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Department of Agronomy, Purdue University [West Lafayette], CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Washington State University (WSU), Department of geological sciences, Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System, W. K. Kellogg Biological Station (KBS), Institute of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), CGIAR-ESSP Program on Climate Change,Agriculture and Food Security, International Center for Tropical Agriculture, University of Leeds, Agroclim (AGROCLIM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Catabrian Agricultural Research and Training Center (CIFA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Córdoba [Cordoba], WESS-Water and Earth System Science Competence Cluster, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Biological Systems Engineering, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Texas A&M University System, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Institute of Landscape System Analysis, Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Institute of landscape systems analysis, Department of Environment and Primary Industries, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Computational and Systems Biology Department, Rothamsted Research, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre [Norwich], Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, Plant Production Systems and Earth System Science, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Agriculture Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University (CAU), Nanjing Agricultural University, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture [32011-68002-30191], KULUNDA [01LL0905L], FACCE MACSUR project through the German FederalMinistry of Education and Research (BMBF) [031A103B, 2812ERA115], German Science Foundation [EW119/5-1], FACCEMACSUR project by the Danish Strategic Research Council, FACCE MACSUR project through the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), FACCE MACSUR project funded through the Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, National Natural Science Foundation of China [41071030], Helmholtz project 'REKLIM-Regional Climate Change: Causes and Effects' Topic 9: 'Climate Change and Air Quality', CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security (CCAFS), Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation, Department of Environment and Primary Industries Victoria, Australia, Texas AgriLife Research, Texas AM University, CSIRO, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Institute of geographical sciences and natural resources research [CAS] (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), and Nanjing Agricultural University (NAU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Yield (finance), Growing season, Climate change, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Crop, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Production (economics), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Global warming, Simulation modeling, 15. Life on land, Agronomy, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, business, Social Sciences (miscellaneous), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Asseng, S. et al., Crop models are essential tools for assessing the threat of climate change to local and global food production1. Present models used to predict wheat grain yield are highly uncertain when simulating how crops respond to temperature2. Here we systematically tested 30 different wheat crop models of the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project against field experiments in which growing season mean temperatures ranged from 15 °C to 32 °C, including experiments with artificial heating. Many models simulated yields well, but were less accurate at higher temperatures. The model ensemble median was consistently more accurate in simulating the crop temperature response than any single model, regardless of the input information used. Extrapolating the model ensemble temperature response indicates that warming is already slowing yield gains at a majority of wheat-growing locations. Global wheat production is estimated to fall by 6% for each °C of further temperature increase and become more variable over space and time., We thank the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project and its leaders C. Rosenzweig from NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and Columbia University (USA), J. Jones from University of Florida (USA), J. Hatfield from United States Department of Agriculture (USA) and J. Antle from Oregon State University (USA) for support. We also thank M. Lopez from CIMMYT (Turkey), M. Usman Bashir from University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (Pakistan), S. Soufizadeh from Shahid Beheshti University (Iran), and J. Lorgeou and J-C. Deswarte from ARVALIS—Institut du Végétal (France) for assistance with selecting key locations and quantifying regional crop cultivars, anthesis and maturity dates and R. Raymundo for assistance with GIS. S.A. and D.C. received financial support from the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). C.S. was funded through USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture award 32011-68002-30191. C.M. received financial support from the KULUNDA project (01LL0905L) and the FACCE MACSUR project (031A103B) funded through the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). F.E. received support from the FACCE MACSUR project (031A103B) funded through the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (2812ERA115) and E.E.R. was funded through the German Science Foundation (project EW 119/5-1). M.J. and J.E.O. were funded through the FACCE MACSUR project by the Danish Strategic Research Council. K.C.K. and C.N. were funded by the FACCE MACSUR project through the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL). F.T., T.P. and R.P.R. received financial support from FACCE MACSUR project funded through the Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MMM); F.T. was also funded through National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41071030). C.B. was funded through the Helmholtz project ‘REKLIM—Regional Climate Change: Causes and Effects’ Topic 9: ‘Climate Change and Air Quality’. M.P.R. and P.D.A. received funding from the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security (CCAFS). G.O’L. was funded through the Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation and the Department of Environment and Primary Industries Victoria, Australia. R.C.I. was funded by Texas AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University. E.W. and Z.Z. were funded by CSIRO and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) through the research project ‘Advancing crop yield while reducing the use of water and nitrogen’ and by the CSIRO-MoE PhD Research Program.

22. Standardised Sampling Approach for Investigating Pathogens or Environmental Chemicals in Wild Game at Community Hunts.

Author: Maaz D, Gremse C, Stollberg KC, Jäckel C, Sutrave S, Kästner C, Korkmaz B, Richter MH, Bandick N, Steinhoff-Wagner J, Lahrssen-Wiederholt M, and Mader A
Abstract: Wildlife may host pathogens and chemicals of veterinary and public health relevance, as well as pathogens with significant economic relevance for domestic livestock. In conducting research on the occurrence and distribution of these agents in wildlife, a major challenge is the acquisition of a sufficient number of samples coupled with efficient use of manpower and time. The aim of this article is to present the methodology and output of a sampling approach for game animals, which was implemented from 2017/18 to 2020/21 at drive hunts in Brandenburg, Germany. The central element was a framework agreement with the BImA, whereby federal forest officials and other hunters collected most of the samples during field dressing. Further samples of game carcasses were obtained by scientists during subsequent gathering at a collection point. Altogether, 3185 samples from 938 wild ungulates of four species were obtained for various studies analysing-in this case-food-borne agents in game animals. Sampling was representative and reflected the proportional distribution of ungulate species hunted in Brandenburg. Hunting district and hunting season strongly influenced hunting bag and hence sampling success. This sampling approach was demonstrated to be a suitable basis for monitoring programs, that can be adapted to other regions.
Published: 2022
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22 results on '"Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL)"'

1. Acute Effects of Legume-enriched Meals Compared to Western Diet Meals on Postprandial Metabolism in Participants With Increased Cardiometabolic Risk (LeguPlan_1)

2. Tackling the increasing problem of malnutrition in older persons: The Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) Knowledge Hub

3. Prevalence of malnutrition using harmonized definitions in older adults from different settings – A MaNuEL study

4. Potentially modifiable determinants of malnutrition in older adults:A systematic review

5. Altered energy partitioning across terrestrial ecosystems in the European drought year 2018

6. Portable mid-infrared spectroscopy to predict parameters related to carbon storage in vineyard soils: Model calibrations under varying geopedological conditions

7. Height growth rate of Scots pine in Central Europe increased by 29% between 1900 and 2000 due to changes in site productivity

8. Prevalence of malnutrition using harmonized definitions in older adults from different settings – A MaNuEL study

9. Methodology to assess the changing risk of yield failure due to heat and drought stress under climate change

10. Le mélange des espèces réduit la sensibilité à la sécheresse du pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) et du chêne (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) - L'approvisionnement en eau et la fertilité du site modifient l'effet de mélange

11. Why do crop models diverge substantially in climate impact projections? A comprehensive analysis based on eight barley crop models

12. Peut on réconcilier conservation de la nature et production de bois dans les forêts exploitées ? Une synthèse des forces motrices de la gestion forestière intégrée en Europe

13. Optimizing the application of plasma functionalised water (PFW) for microbial safety in fresh-cut endive processing

14. Evaluating the precision of eight spatial sampling schemes in estimating regional means of simulated yield for two crops

15. Contribution of crop model structure, parameters and climate projections to uncertainty in climate change impact assessments

16. Assessing the ability of chloroplast and nNuclear DNA gene markers to verify the geographic origin of jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) timber

17. How Climate Change Will Affect Forest Composition and Forest Operations in Baden-Württemberg

18. Tackling the increasing problem of malnutrition in older persons: The Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) Knowledge Hub

19. Terrestrial laser scanning as a tool for assessing tree growth

20. Impact of Spatial Soil and Climate Input Data Aggregation on Regional Yield Simulations

21. Rising temperatures reduce global wheat production

22. Standardised Sampling Approach for Investigating Pathogens or Environmental Chemicals in Wild Game at Community Hunts.

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22 results on '"Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL)"'

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