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We demonstrate methods of constructing a Moore space in which a given metric space is densely embedded, and also investigate properties which will result in superspaces for such metric spaces which are Moore spaces with the Baire property and thereby describe properties of some spaces into which metric spaces can be densely embedded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate a construction that will densely embed a Moore space into a Moore space with the Baire property when this is possible. We also show how this technique generates a new ‘if and only if’ condition for determining when Moore spaces can be densely embedded in Moore spaces with the Baire property, and briefly discuss how this condition can can be used to generate new proofs that certain Moore spaces cannot be densely embedded in Moore spaces with the Baire property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We give an affirmative answer to a question raised by Khalid Bouhjar and Jan J. Dijkstra concerning whether or not every one-dimensional partial n-point set contains an arc by showing that a partial n-point set is one-dimensional if and only if it contains an arc. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses the mismatch between the rural population and the population that receives rural health care services in New Zealand. Topics include the factors that affect health access, the definition of rural or urban which is unsuitable for health purposes and the proposed working definitions to identify the proportion that accesses rural health services.

Introduction: Rural‐urban health inequities, exacerbated by deprivation and ethnicity, have been clearly described in the international literature. To date, the same inequities have not been as clearly demonstrated in Aotearoa New Zealand despite the lower socioeconomic status and higher proportion of Māori living in rural towns. This is ascribed by many health practitioners, academics and other informed stakeholders to be the result of the definitions of 'rural' used to produce statistics. Aims: To outline a protocol to produce a 'fit‐for‐health purpose' rural‐urban classification for analysing national health data. The classification will be designed to determine the magnitude of health inequities that have been obscured by use of inappropriate rural‐urban taxonomies. Methods: This protocol paper outlines our proposed mixed‐methods approach to developing a novel Geographic Classification for Health. In phase 1, an agreed set of community attributes will be used to modify the new Statistics New Zealand Urban Accessibility Classification into a more appropriate classification of rurality for health contexts. The Geographic Classification for Health will then be further developed in an iterative process with stakeholders including rural health researchers and members of the National Rural Health Advisory Group, who have a comprehensive 'on the ground' understanding of Aotearoa New Zealand's rural communities and their attendant health services. This protocol also proposes validating the Geographic Classification for Health using general practice enrolment data. In phase 2, the resulting Geographic Classification for Health will be applied to routinely collected data from the Ministry of Health. This will enable current levels of rural‐urban inequity in health service access and outcomes to be accurately assessed and give an indication of the extent to which older classifications were masking inequities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a case of a 64-year-old lady who developed clinical features of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome following a laparotomy for small bowel obstruction. Following the operation she developed paralytic ileus and required total parenteral nutrition for one month. A suspected history of average 40 units of weekly alcohol consumption prior to the operation could not be confirmed and the patient did not show any sign of alcohol dependence. Within a few months of treatment with a daily oral dose of thiamine 200 mgs supplemented by multivitamins the patient showed subjective evidence of improvement in confusion, confabulation, and anterograde amnesia, although objective tests showed residual deficits in many areas of cognitive functioning, including immediate and delayed recall of verbal and non-verbal materials, planning and switching of attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The CMRF-44 and CD83 (HB15) antigens are associated with functional maturation and activation of blood dendritic cells (DC). We describe the expression of these antigens on freshly isolated epidermal Langerhans cells and dermal DC as well as the distribution of CD83+/CMRF-44++-activated DC within sections of normal human skin. Fresh Langerhans cells were prepared by standard techniques and large numbers of enriched (25%–55%), viable dermal DC were obtained using an improved collagenase treatment protocol with density gradient enrichment. Freshly isolated Langerhans cells and dermal DC had similar costimulator and activation antigen expression, and both stimulated moderate levels of allogeneic T lymphocyte proliferation as determined in the 7 d mixed leukocyte reaction. In situ labeling of DC within skin sections revealed a population of CD83 and CMRF-44 positive dermal cells of which most (≈75%) were in intimate contact with CD3+ T lymphocytes, especially in the adnexal regions. In contrast, only 25%–30% of the more numerous CD1a++ dermal DC population were directly apposed to T lymphocytes. The CMRF-44++ dermal DC population stimulated an allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction, confirming their identity as DC. These data, plus comparative data obtained for migratory dermal DC, suggest that only a small proportion of dermal DC have been triggered to a more advanced state of differentiation or activation. The striking association of the activated dermal DC population with T lymphocytes suggests that communication between these two cell types in situ may occur early in the immune response to cutaneous antigen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]