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Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) technology is revolutionizing wireless communications by shifting from channel adaptation to a responsive wireless environment. This paper introduces a multi-IRS assisted millimeter wave (mm-wave) system, allowing intelligent on/off control of individual IRS elements. Our objective is to optimize energy efficiency under Quality of Service (QoS) constraints. We propose an algorithm where the Access Point (AP) adjusts transmit beamforming, and IRS elements control phaseshifts and on/off status until convergence. Utilizing a fractional programming (FP) approach for AP beamforming and Simulated Annealing (SA) for IRS subproblems, we achieve a suboptimum optimal solution. A modified nested FP approach addresses the beamforming subproblem. Performance analysis in a practical scenario reveals a significant up to 132.16\% improvement in energy efficiency compared to scenarios with randomly selected IRS on/off status. This highlights the efficacy of our algorithm in enhancing mm-wave communication systems' overall efficiency., Comment: significant changes

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) is an appealing tool for the extraction of height information of urban infrastructures. Due to the widespread applications of the MUSIC algorithm in source localization, it is a suitable solution in TomoSAR when multiple snapshots (looks) are available. While the classical MUSIC algorithm aims to estimate the whole reflectivity profile of scatterers, sequential MUSIC algorithms are suited for the detection of sparse point-like scatterers. In this class of methods, successive cancellation is performed through orthogonal complement projections on the MUSIC power spectrum. In this work, a new sequential MUSIC algorithm named recursive covariance canceled MUSIC (RCC-MUSIC), is proposed. This method brings higher accuracy in comparison with the previous sequential methods at the cost of a negligible increase in computational cost. Furthermore, to improve the performance of RCC-MUSIC, it is combined with the recent method of covariance matrix estimation called correlation subspace. Utilizing the correlation subspace method results in a denoised covariance matrix which in turn, increases the accuracy of subspace-based methods. Several numerical examples are presented to compare the performance of the proposed method with the relevant state-of-the-art methods. As a subspace method, simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method in terms of estimation accuracy and computational load.

This paper proposes a method for detecting multiple scatterers (targets) in the elevation direction for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography. The proposed method can resolve closely spaced targets through a twostep procedure. In the first step, coarse detection is performed with a successive cancellation scheme in which possible locations of targets are marked. Then, in the second step, by searching in the reduced search space which is finely 10 gridded, the accurate location of the targets is found. For estimating the actual number of targets, a model order selection scheme is used in two cases of known and unknown noise variance. Also, by analytical investigation of the probability of detection for the proposed method, the effect of the influential parameters on the detection ability is explicitly demonstrated. Compared to the super-resolution methods based on compressed sensing (CS), the proposed method has a lower computational cost and higher estimation accuracy, especially at low signal-to-noise ratio regime. 15 Simulation results show the superiority of the proposed method in terms of both 3D scatterer reconstruction and detection ability

This paper studies downlink energy efficiency (EE) of a cellular massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system with massive number of antennas at both base station (BS) and relay considering cell-edge users which is less investigated in the literature. Some improving methods for base station (BS) and relay power allocation under quality of service constraints are proposed. The EE optimization problem is provided over BS and relay power variables (power dimensions). Considering the quasi-concavity property of the EE function relative to each power variable, we propose to use a power bisection algorithm (PBA) in one dimension, followed by the exhaustive search in the other dimension (ODS algorithm) which is called PBODS algorithm and also a method to limit the range of power variables. The results show that the performance of the PBODS algorithm approaches the performance of optimal solution which is exhaustive search in both dimensions while it has a lower complexity. In addition to that we suggest to use the PBA in two dimensions alternatively as the sub-optimal alternative optimization (AOP) algorithm. The complexity can highly be reduced using the AOP algorithm with a slight but acceptable degradation in performance which makes the algorithm much suitable for practical use.

In this paper, we study the spectral efficiency (SE) of a multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with a spatially correlated Rician channel. The correlation between least squares (LS) estimator and its error complicates SE analysis, since signal and interference components become cross-correlated, too. Minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimators do not suffer from this burden. In some previous works, a proper part of the signal is referred to interference, which makes them cross-uncorrelated, and leads to an SE lower bound. In our modified approach, we extract and refer the cross-correlated part of interference to the signal to attain this objective. Here, we use this approach for calculating the instantaneous SE of maximum ratio combining (MRC) detector under LS and MMSE estimation methods. We also derive closed-form approximations of their ergodic SE. This approach is also applicable to other linear channel estimators or data detectors. Numerical results show that achievable SE surpasses that of the previous approach. They also show that our approximation is close enough to Monte Carlo simulation results, especially at the high number of the base station (BS) antennas., Comment: This paper is submitted to IET Communications. If finally accepted, the copy of the record will be available at the IET Digital Library. Here is the submission History: Submitted on 2019 Septemaber 5 Majorly Revised on 2019 December 24 Minorly Revised on 2020 May 11

Massive MIMO systems promise high data rates by employing large number of antennas, which also increases the power usage of the system as a consequence. This creates an optimization problem which specifies how many antennas the system should employ in order to operate with maximal energy efficiency. Our main goal is to consider a base station with a fixed number of antennas, such that the system can operate with a smaller subset of antennas according to the number of active user terminals, which may vary over time. Thus, in this paper we propose an antenna selection algorithm which selects the best antennas according to the better channel conditions with respect to the users, aiming at improving the overall energy efficiency. Then, due to the complexity of the mathematical formulation, a tight approximation for the consumed power is presented, using the Wishart theorem, and it is used to find a deterministic formulation for the energy efficiency. Simulation results show that the approximation is quite tight and that there is significant improvement in terms of energy efficiency when antenna selection is employed., Comment: To appear in Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, 12 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables

Nowadays, providing higher data rate is a momentous goal for wireless communications systems. Interference is one of the important obstacles to reach this purpose. Interference alignment is a management technique that align interference from other transmitters in the least possible dimension subspace at each receiver and as a result, provide the remaining dimensions for free interference signal. An uncoordinated interference is an example of interference which cannot be aligned coordinately with interference from coordinated part and consequently, the performance of interference alignment approaches is degraded. In this paper, we propose two rank minimization methods to enhance the performance of interference alignment in the presence of uncoordinated interference sources. Firstly, a new objective function is chosen then, a new class of convex relaxation is proposed with respect to the uncoordinated interference which leads to decrease the optimal value of our optimization problem. Moreover, we use schatten-p-norm as surrogate of rank function and we implement iteratively reweighted algorithm to solve optimization problem. In addition, we apply our proposed methods to mitigate interference in relay-aided MIMO interference channel, and propose a weighted-sum method to improve the performance of interference alignment in the amplify-and-forward relay-aided MIMO system based on the rank minimization approach. Finally, our simulation results show that our proposed methods can obtain considerably higher multiplexing gain and sum rate than other approaches in the interference alignment framework and the performance of interference alignment is improved.