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Background: Prior studies evaluating post-atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation pulmonary vein (PV) ostial gaps via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have shown circumferential PV fibrosis in a minority of patients, and their correlation with AF recurrence was weak. These studies were mostly based on radio-frequency AF ablations. Aim: We aimed to assess cryoballoon ablation-induced PV fibrosis via MRI and its correlation with AF recurrence. Methods and Results: This was a prospective study of consecutive patients with symptomatic AF who underwent pre- and post-ablation MRI to assess baseline and ablation-induced fibrosis, respectively. Post-ablation PV gaps were assessed by new semi-quantitative visual analysis assisted by computerized ADAS analysis. AF recurrence monitored via multiple ECGs and event monitoring at 6 and 12 months post ablation. Nineteen patients with 80 PVs were included, age 56 ± 11, with paroxysmal and persistent AF in 17/19 and 2/19 patients, respectively. Baseline MRI showed minimal LA fibrosis. All patients underwent successful cryoballoon PV electrical isolation. Post-ablation MRI revealed circumferential PV fibrosis among 63/80 (78.8%) PVs and partial fibrosis with major gaps among 17/80 (21.2%) PVs. AF recurred within one year in 5/9 (55.5%) patients with partial PV fibrosis, while no AF recurred among the 10 patients in whom all PVs had circumferential fibrosis (p < 0.01). Similarly, there were significantly more PVs without circumferential fibrosis (due to major gaps) among patients with AF recurrence as compared with patients without AF recurrence (42.9% vs. 13.5%; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Cryoballoon AF ablation results in circumferential PV fibrosis in the majority of PVs, as assessed by a new clinically relevant MRI-LGE analysis. Significant correlation was found between major PV gaps on post-ablation MRI and AF recurrence, suggesting that MRI might have the ability to predict AF recurrence.

Keberhasilan seorang pelatih dalam mengembangkan potensi yangdimiliki oleh atletnya tidak hanya sekadar mampu melaksanakan pelatihansaja, tetapi yang lebih penting adalah seorang pelatih harus mampu membuatperencanaan pelatihan sesuai dengan kondisi atlet, waktu yang tersedia, fasilitasyang dimiliki serta target yang harus dicapai. Tingkat pengetahuan pelatihterhadap perencanaan program latihan menentukan keberhasilan pencapainperforma optimal pada atlet. Purpose: untuk mengetahui Pengetahuan PerencanaanProgram Latihan jangka panjang pada Pelatih Cabang Olahraga KONI KabupatenGunung Kidul. Design/methodology/approach: Penelitian ini menggunakanpenelitian eksploratif pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 32 pelatihCabang olahraga KONI Kabupaten Gunung Kidul. Instrumen pada penelitian iniadalah kuesioner. Result: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pelatihcabang olaraga KONI Kabupaten Gunung Kidul memiliki level pengetahuan baikmengenai perencanaan program latihan dengan persentase 55% dari total 36responden penelitian

Sitting is the most common posture in any industry field either in office work, manufacturing or even automotive. Sit for a long time lead to musculoskeletal disorder which causes muscle fatigue. However, different size of people will have a different level of muscle activation. The objective of this paper is to analyse and compare the muscle activation during sitting among European, Korean, and Malaysian. The human size employed for this study is by 95th percentile male. The AnyBody Modelling Software is used to simulate and analyse the human muscle activity of the seating posture of these respective countries. Our finding showed that the trunk of the human body has the highest muscle activity. The Malaysian anthropometry showed the highest muscle activity in sitting posture; followed by Korean and European.

The utilisation of natural fibre and the waste product becomes necessary to develop the sustainability in various industries. The usage of natural fibres in the sport-oriented industries is increasing in the recent years. In this paper, we presented the finite element analysis of the hybrid carbon fibre composites of recurve bows riser. The experiments of the tensile and flexural test were conducted on the various composition of hybrid materials. The pineapple leaf fibre and kenaf fibre are varied with 5% and 10%, was respectively hybridised with 95% and 90% carbon fibre as the overall fibre content is 40%. The material properties of the best composition of 95 CF/5 PALF were used in finite element analysis. It can be concluded that the alternative design of recurve riser was suitable for the alternative material and suit to Malaysian junior archer.

The CdCl2 treatment used in the development of high efficiency CdTe solar cells is an essential processing step but remains fully unexplored. What really happens during this treatment is not yet fully understood. The changes in doping concentrations during this processing step are a key parameter to investigate. Determination of the position of the Fermi level is a good method to explore these changes and therefore photoelectrochemical cell method and ultra-violet photoemission spectroscopy method have been used to investigate these trends. Four different CdTe layers prepared by electroplating have been used for this\ud investigation. The overall observations indicate the settling down of the FL in the upper half of the bandgap after CdCl2 treatment.

This paper investigates the role of board structure and the effect of ownership structures on firm performance in New Zealand's listed firms. Several studies, the majority from the U.S., U.K. and Japan, have examined the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms, ownership structure and firm performance. Those studies yielded different results, affected by the nature of the prevailing governance system for each country. Investigating New Zealand's listed firms could enhance the diversity of the growing body of work that examines this relationship. Though the majority of studies only tested a linear relationship between variables, a number of studies have found a non-linear relationship between board structures, ownership structures and firm performance, and this study confirms the non-linear relationship. Using a balanced panel of 79 New Zealand listed firms, this study employs a Generalised Linear Model (GLM) for robustness. The result reveals that board of directors, board committees, and managerial ownership have a positive and significant impact on firm performance. Meanwhile, non-executive directors, female directors on the board and block holder ownership lower New Zealand firm performance.

Twenty-nine adult specimens of the Libyan Jird, Meriones libycus, were collected from semi-arid areas to the east and north of Damascus city. The external morphology and biometric measurements for these specimens are discussed. Skull, cheek tooth structure, phallus, glans penis and baculum shape are illustrated. In contrast to the other species of the genus Meriones, the first upper molar M1 has four roots instead of three. The specimens studied are referred to the subspecies M. l. syrius.

28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2327-2332, Polyaniline thin films were prepared by an electrochemical polymerization technique on glass/FTO substrates by varying deposition potential, growth duration, pH value and concentration. Resulting materials were studied for structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties. Structural analysis shows the formation of highest crystalline emeraldine salt phase of polyaniline at a cathodic potential of 1654 mV. Optical absorption measurements have demonstrated a wide variety of energy bandgap (Eg) varying from ~0.98 to 2.32 eV for polyaniline grown by tuning the pH value during the deposition. The electrical resistivity showed an increment from 3.7 × 103 Ωcm to 39.1 × 103 Ωcm when the pH increased from 2.0 to 6.5. The diode structures of glass/FTO/CdS/CdTe/polyaniline/Au were fabricated incorporating polyaniline as a pinhole plugging layer, and assessed for their photovoltaic activities. The results show the enhancement of all the device parameters, especially in open circuit voltage and fill factors. This improvement offers a great potential for enhancing solar cell performance, and the latest results are presented in this paper.

28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2409-2413, The aim of this project is to develop high efficiency thin film solar cells with materials grown by one single growth method - electrodeposition. ZnS (Eg = 3.70 eV), CdS (Eg = 2.42 eV), CdTe (Eg = 1.45 eV) and ZnTe (Eg = 2.40 eV) layers were electrodeposited using aqueous solutions to be used as buffer, window, absorber and pin-hole plugging layers respectively in the devices. X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical absorption, photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to study the structural, optical, electrical and morphological properties of the layers and hence optimise their growth conditions. All the layers showed their expected structural properties and energy bandgap values in agreement with literature values. The electrical conductivity type was confirmed for ZnS, CdS and CdTe as n-type and ZnTe as p-type using PEC technique after growing them on glass/FTO substrates. Solar cells were then fabricated and tested under AM 1.5 illumination conditions. The efficiency of 10.4% was observed (Voc = 640 mV, Jsc = 40.8 mAcm-2, FF = 0.40) for the preliminary devices and the work is progressing for development of the structures by improving growth conditions and processing steps. The materials growth using electrodeposition, characterisation, device fabrication and assessment results are presented in this paper.

This paper presented the research works on the investigation of the thermal behavior of the natural fibres; i.e. pineapple leaf fibre, kenaf fibre and mengkuang fibres reinforced epoxy. The thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetric analysis were used to measure the thermal behavior of the treated and untreated pineapple, kenaf and mengkuang fibres reinforced epoxy. The samples for both analysis were subjected to maximum temperature 600°C at the heating rate of 10°C/min. The results showed that the treated fibres show higher maximum peak temperature as compared to the untreated fibres. Additionally, the glass transition temperature showed a lower value for all treated fibre. It can be concluded that investigation of thermal properties of these natural fibres could improve the utilization of natural fibre composites in various applications i.e. sports applications.

Arrhythmia is a condition when heart beats are not beating properly, either in rhythm or in intensity. Sometimes arrhythmia problems could make patients in dangerous condition due to their sortie. However, good classification and diagnostic in arrhythmia will help many lives from fatal menace. Many different diagnostics and classifications have been conducted recently by using neural network as their classifier, both in simulation and real hardware implementation. Nevertheless, the products as an arrhythmia classifier are not small enough for daily use. Our previous research [3] succeeded making a simulation for heart beats classifier on neural network. In this research, we tried to implement it on a prototype small arrhythmia classifier on FPGA using Spartan 3AN development board.