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2. Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries

Author

Pirkis, Jane, Gunnell, David, Shin, Sangsoo, Del Pozo-Banos, Marcos, Arya, Vikas, Aguilar, Pablo Analuisa, Appleby, Louis, Arafat, S. M. Yasir, Arensman, Ella, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis, Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh, Bantjes, Jason, Baran, Anna, Behera, Chittaranjan, Bertolote, Jose, Borges, Guilherme, Bray, Michael, Brečić, Petrana, Caine, Eric, Calati, Raffaella, Carli, Vladimir, Castelpietra, Giulio, Chan, Lai Fong, Chang, Shu-Sen, Colchester, David, Coss-Guzmán, Maria, Crompton, David, Ćurković, Marko, Dandona, Rakhi, De Jaegere, Eva, De Leo, Diego, Deisenhammer, Eberhard A., Dwyer, Jeremy, Erlangsen, Annette, Faust, Jeremy S., Fornaro, Michele, Fortune, Sarah, Garrett, Andrew, Gentile, Guendalina, Gerstner, Rebekka, Gilissen, Renske, Gould, Madelyn, Gupta, Sudhir Kumar, Hawton, Keith, Holz, Franziska, Kamenshchikov, Iurii, Kapur, Navneet, Kasal, Alexandr, Khan, Murad, Kirtley, Olivia J., Knipe, Duleeka, Kõlves, Kairi, Kölzer, Sarah C., Krivda, Hryhorii, Leske, Stuart, Madeddu, Fabio, Marshall, Andrew, Memon, Anjum, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Nestadt, Paul, Neznanov, Nikolay, Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas, Nielsen, Emma, Nordentoft, Merete, Oberlerchner, Herwig, O'Connor, Rory C., Papsdorf, Rainer, Partonen, Timo, Phillips, Michael R., Platt, Steve, Portzky, Gwendolyn, Psota, Georg, Qin, Ping, Radeloff, Daniel, Reif, Andreas, Reif-Leonhard, Christine, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Román-Vázquez, Nayda, Roskar, Saska, Rozanov, Vsevolod, Sara, Grant, Scavacini, Karen, Schneider, Barbara, Semenova, Natalia, Sinyor, Mark, Tambuzzi, Stefano, Townsend, Ellen, Ueda, Michiko, Wasserman, Danuta, Webb, Roger T., Winkler, Petr, Yip, Paul S.F., Zalsman, Gil, Zoja, Riccardo, John, Ann, and Spittal, Matthew J.

Published
2022
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4. Suicide trends in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time-series analysis of preliminary data from 21 countries

Author

Pirkis, Jane, John, Ann, Shin, Sangsoo, DelPozo-Banos, Marcos, Arya, Vikas, Analuisa-Aguilar, Pablo, Appleby, Louis, Arensman, Ella, Bantjes, Jason, Baran, Anna, Bertolote, Jose M, Borges, Guilherme, Brečić, Petrana, Caine, Eric, Castelpietra, Giulio, Chang, Shu-Sen, Colchester, David, Crompton, David, Curkovic, Marko, Deisenhammer, Eberhard A, Du, Chengan, Dwyer, Jeremy, Erlangsen, Annette, Faust, Jeremy S, Fortune, Sarah, Garrett, Andrew, George, Devin, Gerstner, Rebekka, Gilissen, Renske, Gould, Madelyn, Hawton, Keith, Kanter, Joseph, Kapur, Navneet, Khan, Murad, Kirtley, Olivia J, Knipe, Duleeka, Kolves, Kairi, Leske, Stuart, Marahatta, Kedar, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Neznanov, Nikolay, Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas, Nielsen, Emma, Nordentoft, Merete, Oberlerchner, Herwig, O’Connor, Rory C, Pearson, Melissa, Phillips, Michael R, Platt, Steve, Plener, Paul L, Psota, Georg, Qin, Ping, Radeloff, Daniel, Rados, Christa, Reif, Andreas, Reif-Leonhard, Christine, Rozanov, Vsevolod, Schlang, Christiane, Schneider, Barbara, Semenova, Natalia, Sinyor, Mark, Townsend, Ellen, Ueda, Michiko, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Webb, Roger T, Weerasinghe, Manjula, Zalsman, Gil, Gunnell, David, and Spittal, Matthew J

Published
2021
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6. The Story of #GetMePPE and GetUsPPE.org to Mobilize Health Care Response to COVID-19 : Rapidly Deploying Digital Tools for Better Health Care

Author

He, Shuhan, Ojo, Ayotomiwa, Beckman, Adam L, Gondi, Suhas, Betz, Marian, Faust, Jeremy S, Choo, Esther, Kass, Dara, and Raja, Ali S

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Physicians, nurses, and other health care providers initiated the #GetMePPE movement on Twitter to spread awareness of the shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Dwindling supplies, such as face masks, gowns and goggles, and inadequate production to meet increasing demand have placed health care workers and patients at risk. The momentum of the #GetMePPE Twitter hashtag resulted in the creation of a petition to urge public officials to address the PPE shortage through increased funding and production. Simultaneously, the GetUsPPE.org website was launched through the collaboration of physicians and software engineers to develop a digital platform for the donation, request, and distribution of multi-modal sources of PPE. GetUsPPE.org and #GetMePPE were merged in an attempt to combine public engagement and advocacy on social media with the coordination of PPE donation and distribution. Within 10 days, over 1800 hospitals and PPE suppliers were registered in a database that enabled the rapid coordination and distribution of scarce and in-demand materials. One month after its launch, the organization had distributed hundreds of thousands of PPE items and had built a database of over 6000 PPE requesters. The call for action on social media and the rapid development of this digital tool created a productive channel for the public to contribute to the health care response to COVID-19 in meaningful ways. #GetMePPE and GetUsPPE.org were able to mobilize individuals and organizations outside of the health care system to address the unmet needs of the medical community. The success of GetUsPPE.org demonstrates the potential of digital tools as a platform for larger health care institutions to rapidly address urgent issues in health care. In this paper, we outline this process and discuss key factors determining success.

Published
2020
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7. Bivalent mRNA-1273.214 vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 omicron XBB* infections

Author

Chemaitelly, Hiam, primary, Ayoub, Houssein H, additional, AlMukdad, Sawsan, additional, Faust, Jeremy S, additional, Tang, Patrick, additional, Coyle, Peter, additional, Yassine, Hadi M, additional, Al Thani, Asmaa A, additional, Al-Khatib, Hebah A, additional, Hasan, Mohammad R, additional, Al-Kanaani, Zaina, additional, Al-Kuwari, Einas, additional, Jeremijenko, Andrew, additional, Kaleeckal, Anvar H, additional, Latif, Ali N, additional, Shaik, Riyazuddin M, additional, Abdul-Rahim, Hanan F, additional, Nasrallah, Gheyath K, additional, Al-Kuwari, Mohamed G, additional, Butt, Adeel A, additional, Al-Romaihi, Hamad E, additional, Al-Thani, Mohamed H, additional, Al-Khal, Abdullatif, additional, Bertollini, Roberto, additional, and Abu-Raddad, Laith J, additional

Published
2023
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13. Excess Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost Among Black People in the US from 1999 to 2020

Author

Caraballo, César, primary, Massey, Daisy S., additional, Ndumele, Chima D., additional, Haywood, Trent, additional, Kaleem, Shayaan, additional, King, Terris, additional, Liu, Yuntian, additional, Lu, Yuan, additional, Nunez-Smith, Marcella, additional, Taylor, Herman A., additional, Watson, Karol E., additional, Herrin, Jeph, additional, Yancy, Clyde W., additional, Faust, Jeremy S., additional, and Krumholz, Harlan M., additional

Published
2022
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15. Disparities in Excess Mortality Associated with COVID-19--United States, 2020

Author

Rossen, Lauren M., Ahmad, Farida B., Anderson, Robert N., Branum, Amy M., Du, Chengan, Krumholz, Harlan M., Li, Shu-Xia, Lin, Zhenqiu, Marshall, Andrew, Sutton, Paul D., and Faust, Jeremy S.

Subjects
Mortality, Native Americans -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected Hispanic or Latino, non-Hispanic Black (Black), non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN), and non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NH/PI) populations in [...]

Published
2021

17. Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends:An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries

Author

Pirkis, Jane, Gunnell, David, Shin, Sangsoo, Del Pozo-Banos, Marcos, Arya, Vikas, Aguilar, Pablo Analuisa, Appleby, Louis, Arafat, S. M. Yasir, Arensman, Ella, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis, Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh, Bantjes, Jason, Baran, Anna, Behera, Chittaranjan, Bertolote, Jose, Borges, Guilherme, Bray, Michael, Brečić, Petrana, Caine, Eric, Calati, Raffaella, Carli, Vladimir, Castelpietra, Giulio, Chan, Lai Fong, Chang, Shu-Sen, Colchester, David, Coss-Guzmán, Maria, Crompton, David, Ćurković, Marko, Dandona, Rakhi, De Jaegere, Eva, De Leo, Diego, Deisenhammer, Eberhard A., Dwyer, Jeremy, Erlangsen, Annette, Faust, Jeremy S., Fornaro, Michele, Fortune, Sarah, Garrett, Andrew, Gentile, Guendalina, Gerstner, Rebekka, Gilissen, Renske, Gould, Madelyn, Gupta, Sudhir Kumar, Hawton, Keith, Holz, Franziska, Kamenshchikov, Iurii, Kapur, Navneet, Kasal, Alexandr, Khan, Murad, Kirtley, Olivia J., Knipe, Duleeka, Kõlves, Kairi, Kölzer, Sarah C., Krivda, Hryhorii, Leske, Stuart, Madeddu, Fabio, Marshall, Andrew, Memon, Anjum, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Nestadt, Paul, Neznanov, Nikolay, Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas, Nielsen, Emma, Nordentoft, Merete, Oberlerchner, Herwig, O'Connor, Rory C., Papsdorf, Rainer, Partonen, Timo, Phillips, Michael R, Platt, Steve, Portzky, Gwendolyn, Psota, Georg, Qin, Ping, Radeloff, Daniel, Reif, Andreas, Reif-Leonhard, Christine, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Román-Vázquez, Nayda, Roskar, Saska, Rozanov, Vsevolod, Sara, Grant, Scavacini, Karen, Schneider, Barbara, Semenova, Natalia, Sinyor, Mark, Tambuzzi, Stefano, Townsend, Ellen, Ueda, Michiko, Wasserman, Danuta, Webb, Roger T, Winkler, Petr, Yip, Paul S. F., Zalsman, Gil, Zoja, Riccardo, John, Ann, Spittal, Matthew J., Pirkis, Jane, Gunnell, David, Shin, Sangsoo, Del Pozo-Banos, Marcos, Arya, Vikas, Aguilar, Pablo Analuisa, Appleby, Louis, Arafat, S. M. Yasir, Arensman, Ella, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis, Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh, Bantjes, Jason, Baran, Anna, Behera, Chittaranjan, Bertolote, Jose, Borges, Guilherme, Bray, Michael, Brečić, Petrana, Caine, Eric, Calati, Raffaella, Carli, Vladimir, Castelpietra, Giulio, Chan, Lai Fong, Chang, Shu-Sen, Colchester, David, Coss-Guzmán, Maria, Crompton, David, Ćurković, Marko, Dandona, Rakhi, De Jaegere, Eva, De Leo, Diego, Deisenhammer, Eberhard A., Dwyer, Jeremy, Erlangsen, Annette, Faust, Jeremy S., Fornaro, Michele, Fortune, Sarah, Garrett, Andrew, Gentile, Guendalina, Gerstner, Rebekka, Gilissen, Renske, Gould, Madelyn, Gupta, Sudhir Kumar, Hawton, Keith, Holz, Franziska, Kamenshchikov, Iurii, Kapur, Navneet, Kasal, Alexandr, Khan, Murad, Kirtley, Olivia J., Knipe, Duleeka, Kõlves, Kairi, Kölzer, Sarah C., Krivda, Hryhorii, Leske, Stuart, Madeddu, Fabio, Marshall, Andrew, Memon, Anjum, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Nestadt, Paul, Neznanov, Nikolay, Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas, Nielsen, Emma, Nordentoft, Merete, Oberlerchner, Herwig, O'Connor, Rory C., Papsdorf, Rainer, Partonen, Timo, Phillips, Michael R, Platt, Steve, Portzky, Gwendolyn, Psota, Georg, Qin, Ping, Radeloff, Daniel, Reif, Andreas, Reif-Leonhard, Christine, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Román-Vázquez, Nayda, Roskar, Saska, Rozanov, Vsevolod, Sara, Grant, Scavacini, Karen, Schneider, Barbara, Semenova, Natalia, Sinyor, Mark, Tambuzzi, Stefano, Townsend, Ellen, Ueda, Michiko, Wasserman, Danuta, Webb, Roger T, Winkler, Petr, Yip, Paul S. F., Zalsman, Gil, Zoja, Riccardo, John, Ann, and Spittal, Matthew J.

Abstract

Background: Predicted increases in suicide were not generally observed in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the picture may be changing and patterns might vary across demographic groups. We aimed to provide a timely, granular picture of the pandemic's impact on suicides globally. Methods: We identified suicide data from official public-sector sources for countries/areas-within-countries, searching websites and academic literature and contacting data custodians and authors as necessary. We sent our first data request on 22nd June 2021 and stopped collecting data on 31st October 2021. We used interrupted time series (ITS) analyses to model the association between the pandemic's emergence and total suicides and suicides by sex-, age- and sex-by-age in each country/area-within-country. We compared the observed and expected numbers of suicides in the pandemic's first nine and first 10-15 months and used meta-regression to explore sources of variation. Findings: We sourced data from 33 countries (24 high-income, six upper-middle-income, three lower-middle-income; 25 with whole-country data, 12 with data for area(s)-within-the-country, four with both). There was no evidence of greater-than-expected numbers of suicides in the majority of countries/areas-within-countries in any analysis; more commonly, there was evidence of lower-than-expected numbers. Certain sex, age and sex-by-age groups stood out as potentially concerning, but these were not consistent across countries/areas-within-countries. In the meta-regression, different patterns were not explained by countries’ COVID-19 mortality rate, stringency of public health response, economic support level, or presence of a national suicide prevention strategy. Nor were they explained by countries’ income level, although the meta-regression only included data from high-income and upper-middle-income countries, and there were suggestions from the ITS analyses that lower-middle-income countries fared less w

Published
2022

22. Suicide trends in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic: interrupted time series analysis of preliminary data from 21 countries

Author

Pirkis, Jane, John, Ann, Shin, Sangsoo, DelPozo-Banos, Marcos, Arya, Vikas, Aguilar, Pablo Analuisa, Appleby, Louis, Arensman, Ella, Bantjes, Jason, Baran, Anna, Bertolote, Jose M., Borges, Guilherme, Brečić, Petrana, Caine, Eric, Castelpietra, Giulio, Chang, Shu-Sen, Colchester, David, Crompton, David, Curkovic, Marko, Deisenhammer, Eberhard A., Du, Chengan, Dwyer, Jeremy, Erlangsen, Annette, Faust, Jeremy S., Fortune, Sarah, Garrett, Andrew, George, Devin, Gerstner, Rebekka, Gilissen, Renske, Gould, Madelyn, Hawton, Keith, Kanter, Joseph, Kapur, Navneet, Khan, Murad, Kirtley, Olivia J., Knipe, Duleeka, Kolves, Kairi, Leske, Stuart, Marahatta, Kedar, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Neznanov, Nikolay, Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas, Nielsen, Emma, Nordentoft, Merete, Oberlerchner, Herwig, O'Connor, Rory C., Pearson, Melissa, Phillips, Michael R., Platt, Steve, Plener, Paul L., Psota, Georg, Qin, Ping, Radeloff, Daniel, Rados, Christa, Reif, Andreas, Reif-Leonhard, Christine, Rozanov, Vsevolod, Schlang, Christiane, Schneider, Barbara, Semenova, Natalia, Sinyor, Mark, Townsend, Ellen, Ueda, Michiko, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Webb, Roger T., Weerasinghe, Manjula, Zalsman, Gil, Gunnell, David, and Spittal, Matthew J.

Abstract

Background:\ud The COVID-19 pandemic is having profound mental health consequences for many people. Concerns have been expressed that, at their most extreme, these consequences could manifest as increased suicide rates. We aimed to assess the early effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide rates around the world.\ud \ud Methods:\ud We sourced real-time suicide data from countries or areas within countries through a systematic internet search and recourse to our networks and the published literature. Between Sept 1 and Nov 1, 2020, we searched the official websites of these countries’ ministries of health, police agencies, and government-run statistics agencies or equivalents, using the translated search terms “suicide” and “cause of death”, before broadening the search in an attempt to identify data through other public sources. Data were included from a given country or area if they came from an official government source and were available at a monthly level from at least Jan 1, 2019, to July 31, 2020. Our internet searches were restricted to countries with more than 3 million residents for pragmatic reasons, but we relaxed this rule for countries identified through the literature and our networks. Areas within countries could also be included with populations of less than 3 million. We used an interrupted time-series analysis to model the trend in monthly suicides before COVID-19 (from at least Jan 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020) in each country or area within a country, comparing the expected number of suicides derived from the model with the observed number of suicides in the early months of the pandemic (from April 1 to July 31, 2020, in the primary analysis).\ud \ud Findings:\ud We sourced data from 21 countries (16 high-income and five upper-middle-income countries), including whole-country data in ten countries and data for various areas in 11 countries). Rate ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs based on the observed versus expected numbers of suicides showed no evidence of a significant increase in risk of suicide since the pandemic began in any country or area. There was statistical evidence of a decrease in suicide compared with the expected number in 12 countries or areas: New South Wales, Australia (RR 0·81 [95% CI 0·72–0·91]); Alberta, Canada (0·80 [0·68–0·93]); British Columbia, Canada (0·76 [0·66–0·87]); Chile (0·85 [0·78–0·94]); Leipzig, Germany (0·49 [0·32–0·74]); Japan (0·94 [0·91–0·96]); New Zealand (0·79 [0·68–0·91]); South Korea (0·94 [0·92–0·97]); California, USA (0·90 [0·85–0·95]); Illinois (Cook County), USA (0·79 [0·67–0·93]); Texas (four counties), USA (0·82 [0·68–0·98]); and Ecuador (0·74 [0·67–0·82]).\ud \ud Interpretation:\ud This is the first study to examine suicides occurring in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in multiple countries. In high-income and upper-middle-income countries, suicide numbers have remained largely unchanged or declined in the early months of the pandemic compared with the expected levels based on the pre-pandemic period. We need to remain vigilant and be poised to respond if the situation changes as the longer-term mental health and economic effects of the pandemic unfold.

Published
2021

25. Why the United States failed to contain COVID‐19

Author

Nowroozpoor, Armin, Choo, Esther K., and Faust, Jeremy S.

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Correspondence, lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Medicine, lcsh:RC86-88.9, business, Letter to the Editor, Virology
Published
2020

28. Bivalent mRNA-1273.214 vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 omicron XBB* infections.

Author

Chemaitelly, Hiam, Ayoub, Houssein H, AlMukdad, Sawsan, Faust, Jeremy S, Tang, Patrick, Coyle, Peter, Yassine, Hadi M, Thani, Asmaa A Al, Al-Khatib, Hebah A, Hasan, Mohammad R, Al-Kanaani, Zaina, Al-Kuwari, Einas, Jeremijenko, Andrew, Kaleeckal, Anvar H, Latif, Ali N, Shaik, Riyazuddin M, Abdul-Rahim, Hanan F, Nasrallah, Gheyath K, Al-Kuwari, Mohamed G, and Butt, Adeel A

Subjects
VACCINE effectiveness, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract

Keywords: Hybrid immunity; natural infection; waning vaccine effectiveness; asymptomatic infection; Qatar; variant-containing COVID-19 vaccines EN Hybrid immunity natural infection waning vaccine effectiveness asymptomatic infection Qatar variant-containing COVID-19 vaccines 1 3 3 09/13/23 20230701 NES 230701 In October of 2022, Qatar introduced COVID-19 bivalent vaccination for persons >= 12 years using the 50- g mRNA-1273.214 vaccine combining SARS-CoV-2 ancestral and omicron BA.1 strains.[1] We estimated this vaccine's effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hybrid immunity, natural infection, waning vaccine effectiveness, asymptomatic infection, Qatar, variant-containing COVID-19 vaccines. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023
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35. SARS-CoV-2 Infection Hospitalization Rate and Infection Fatality Rate among the Non-Congregant Population in Connecticut

Author

Mahajan, Shiwani, primary, Caraballo, César, additional, Li, Shu-Xia, additional, Dong, Claire, additional, Chen, Lian, additional, Huston, Sara K., additional, Srinivasan, Rajesh, additional, Redlich, Carrie A., additional, Ko, Albert I., additional, Faust, Jeremy S., additional, Forman, Howard P., additional, and Krumholz, Harlan M., additional

Published
2020
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43. News

Author

Weingart, Scott D., primary and Faust, Jeremy S., additional

Published
2015
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46. Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries

Author

Jane Pirkis, David Gunnell, Sangsoo Shin, Marcos Del Pozo-Banos, Vikas Arya, Pablo Analuisa Aguilar, Louis Appleby, S. M. Yasir Arafat, Ella Arensman, Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, Jason Bantjes, Anna Baran, Chittaranjan Behera, Jose Bertolote, Guilherme Borges, Michael Bray, Petrana Brečić, Eric Caine, Raffaella Calati, Vladimir Carli, Giulio Castelpietra, Lai Fong Chan, Shu-Sen Chang, David Colchester, Maria Coss-Guzmán, David Crompton, Marko Ćurković, Rakhi Dandona, Eva De Jaegere, Diego De Leo, Eberhard A. Deisenhammer, Jeremy Dwyer, Annette Erlangsen, Jeremy S. Faust, Michele Fornaro, Sarah Fortune, Andrew Garrett, Guendalina Gentile, Rebekka Gerstner, Renske Gilissen, Madelyn Gould, Sudhir Kumar Gupta, Keith Hawton, Franziska Holz, Iurii Kamenshchikov, Navneet Kapur, Alexandr Kasal, Murad Khan, Olivia J. Kirtley, Duleeka Knipe, Kairi Kõlves, Sarah C. Kölzer, Hryhorii Krivda, Stuart Leske, Fabio Madeddu, Andrew Marshall, Anjum Memon, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Paul Nestadt, Nikolay Neznanov, Thomas Niederkrotenthaler, Emma Nielsen, Merete Nordentoft, Herwig Oberlerchner, Rory C. O'Connor, Rainer Papsdorf, Timo Partonen, Michael R. Phillips, Steve Platt, Gwendolyn Portzky, Georg Psota, Ping Qin, Daniel Radeloff, Andreas Reif, Christine Reif-Leonhard, Mohsen Rezaeian, Nayda Román-Vázquez, Saska Roskar, Vsevolod Rozanov, Grant Sara, Karen Scavacini, Barbara Schneider, Natalia Semenova, Mark Sinyor, Stefano Tambuzzi, Ellen Townsend, Michiko Ueda, Danuta Wasserman, Roger T. Webb, Petr Winkler, Paul S.F. Yip, Gil Zalsman, Riccardo Zoja, Ann John, Matthew J. Spittal, Pirkis, Jane, Gunnell, David, Shin, Sangsoo, Del Pozo-Banos, Marco, Arya, Vika, Aguilar, Pablo Analuisa, Appleby, Loui, Arafat, S M Yasir, Arensman, Ella, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Lui, Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh, Bantjes, Jason, Baran, Anna, Behera, Chittaranjan, Bertolote, Jose, Borges, Guilherme, Bray, Michael, Brečić, Petrana, Caine, Eric, Calati, Raffaella, Carli, Vladimir, Castelpietra, Giulio, Chan, Lai Fong, Chang, Shu-Sen, Colchester, David, Coss-Guzmán, Maria, Crompton, David, Ćurković, Marko, Dandona, Rakhi, De Jaegere, Eva, De Leo, Diego, Deisenhammer, Eberhard A, Dwyer, Jeremy, Erlangsen, Annette, Faust, Jeremy S, Fornaro, Michele, Fortune, Sarah, Garrett, Andrew, Gentile, Guendalina, Gerstner, Rebekka, Gilissen, Renske, Gould, Madelyn, Gupta, Sudhir Kumar, Hawton, Keith, Holz, Franziska, Kamenshchikov, Iurii, Kapur, Navneet, Kasal, Alexandr, Khan, Murad, Kirtley, Olivia J, Knipe, Duleeka, Kõlves, Kairi, Kölzer, Sarah C, Krivda, Hryhorii, Leske, Stuart, Madeddu, Fabio, Marshall, Andrew, Memon, Anjum, Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor, Nestadt, Paul, Neznanov, Nikolay, Niederkrotenthaler, Thoma, Nielsen, Emma, Nordentoft, Merete, Oberlerchner, Herwig, O'Connor, Rory C, Papsdorf, Rainer, Partonen, Timo, Phillips, Michael R, Platt, Steve, Portzky, Gwendolyn, Psota, Georg, Qin, Ping, Radeloff, Daniel, Reif, Andrea, Reif-Leonhard, Christine, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Román-Vázquez, Nayda, Roskar, Saska, Rozanov, Vsevolod, Sara, Grant, Scavacini, Karen, Schneider, Barbara, Semenova, Natalia, Sinyor, Mark, Tambuzzi, Stefano, Townsend, Ellen, Ueda, Michiko, Wasserman, Danuta, Webb, Roger T, Winkler, Petr, Yip, Paul S F, Zalsman, Gil, Zoja, Riccardo, John, Ann, Spittal, Matthew J, Pirkis, J, Gunnell, D, Shin, S, Del Pozo-Banos, M, Arya, V, Aguilar, P, Appleby, L, Arafat, S, Arensman, E, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Balhara, Y, Bantjes, J, Baran, A, Behera, C, Bertolote, J, Borges, G, Bray, M, Brečić, P, Caine, E, Calati, R, Carli, V, Castelpietra, G, Chan, L, Chang, S, Colchester, D, Coss-Guzmán, M, Crompton, D, Ćurković, M, Dandona, R, De Jaegere, E, De Leo, D, Deisenhammer, E, Dwyer, J, Erlangsen, A, Faust, J, Fornaro, M, Fortune, S, Garrett, A, Gentile, G, Gerstner, R, Gilissen, R, Gould, M, Gupta, S, Hawton, K, Holz, F, Kamenshchikov, I, Kapur, N, Kasal, A, Khan, M, Kirtley, O, Knipe, D, Kõlves, K, Kölzer, S, Krivda, H, Leske, S, Madeddu, F, Marshall, A, Memon, A, Mittendorfer-Rutz, E, Nestadt, P, Neznanov, N, Niederkrotenthaler, T, Nielsen, E, Nordentoft, M, Oberlerchner, H, O'Connor, R, Papsdorf, R, Partonen, T, Phillips, M, Platt, S, Portzky, G, Psota, G, Qin, P, Radeloff, D, Reif, A, Reif-Leonhard, C, Rezaeian, M, Román-Vázquez, N, Roskar, S, Rozanov, V, Sara, G, Scavacini, K, Schneider, B, Semenova, N, Sinyor, M, Tambuzzi, S, Townsend, E, Ueda, M, Wasserman, D, Webb, R, Winkler, P, Yip, P, Zalsman, G, Zoja, R, John, A, and Spittal, M

Subjects
Suicide, Monitoring, Pandemic, SASH, COVID-19, Medicine and Health Sciences, General Medicine
Abstract

Background Predicted increases in suicide were not generally observed in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the picture may be changing and patterns might vary across demographic groups. We aimed to provide a timely, granular picture of the pandemic's impact on suicides globally. Methods We identified suicide data from official public-sector sources for countries/areas-within-countries, searching websites and academic literature and contacting data custodians and authors as necessary. We sent our first data request on 22nd June 2021 and stopped collecting data on 31st October 2021. We used interrupted time series (ITS) analyses to model the association between the pandemic's emergence and total suicides and suicides by sex-, age-and sex-by-age in each country/area-within-country. We compared the observed and expected numbers of suicides in the pandemic's first nine and first 10-15 months and used meta-regression to explore sources of variation. Findings We sourced data from 33 countries (24 high-income, six upper-middle-income, three lower-middle-income; 25 with whole-country data, 12 with data for area(s)-within-the-country, four with both). There was no evidence of greater-than-expected numbers of suicides in the majority of countries/areas-within-countries in any analysis; more commonly, there was evidence of lower-than-expected numbers. Certain sex, age and sex-by-age groups stood out as potentially concerning, but these were not consistent across countries/areas-within-countries. In the meta-regression, different patterns were not explained by countries' COVID-19 mortality rate, stringency of public health response, economic support level, or presence of a national suicide prevention strategy. Nor were they explained by countries' income level, although the meta-regression only included data from high-income and upper-middle-income countries, and there were suggestions from the ITS analyses that lower-middle-income countries fared less well. Interpretation Although there are some countries/areas-within-countries where overall suicide numbers and numbers for certain sex- and age-based groups are greater-than-expected, these countries/areas-within-countries are in the minority. Any upward movement in suicide numbers in any place or group is concerning, and we need to remain alert to and respond to changes as the pandemic and its mental health and economic consequences continue. Copyright (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Published
2022

47. Disparities in Excess Mortality Associated with COVID-19 - United States, 2020.

Author

Rossen LM, Ahmad FB, Anderson RN, Branum AM, Du C, Krumholz HM, Li SX, Lin Z, Marshall A, Sutton PD, and Faust JS

Subjects
Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, COVID-19 ethnology, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Humans, Middle Aged, Racial Groups statistics & numerical data, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, COVID-19 mortality, Health Status Disparities, Mortality trends
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected Hispanic or Latino, non-Hispanic Black (Black), non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN), and non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NH/PI) populations in the United States. These populations have experienced higher rates of infection and mortality compared with the non-Hispanic White (White) population (1-5) and greater excess mortality (i.e., the percentage increase in the number of persons who have died relative to the expected number of deaths for a given place and time) (6). A limitation of existing research on excess mortality among racial/ethnic minority groups has been the lack of adjustment for age and population change over time. This study assessed excess mortality incidence rates (IRs) (e.g., the number of excess deaths per 100,000 person-years) in the United States during December 29, 2019-January 2, 2021, by race/ethnicity and age group using data from the National Vital Statistics System. Among all assessed racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic Asian [Asian], AI/AN, Black, Hispanic, NH/PI, and White populations), excess mortality IRs were higher among persons aged ≥65 years (426.4 to 1033.5 excess deaths per 100,000 person-years) than among those aged 25-64 years (30.2 to 221.1) and those aged <25 years (-2.9 to 14.1). Among persons aged <65 years, Black and AI/AN populations had the highest excess mortality IRs. Among adults aged ≥65 years, Black and Hispanic persons experienced the highest excess mortality IRs of >1,000 excess deaths per 100,000 person-years. These findings could help guide more tailored public health messaging and mitigation efforts to reduce disparities in mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States,* by identifying the racial/ethnic groups and age groups with the highest excess mortality rates., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Zhenqiu Lin reports contract support from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to develop and maintain measures of hospital performance that are publicly reported. Harlan M. Krumholz reports the following outside the current work: honoraria for presentations at various educational events; grants from Medtronic and the Food and Drug Administration, Medtronic and Johnson & Johnson, Shenzhen Center for Health Information, Foundation for a Smoke-Free World, and Connecticut Department of Public Health and CMS; payment from law firms Martin/Baughman, Arnold & Porter, and Siegfried & Jensen for expert testimony; chairmanship or member of United Healthcare cardiac scientific advisory board, IBM Watson Health life sciences board, Element Science scientific advisor, Aetna health care advisory board, and Facebook advisory board; and ownership of Hugo Health and Refractor Health. No other potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.

Published
2021
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48. Covid-19 fatality is likely overestimated.

Author

Niforatos JD, Melnick ER, and Faust JS

Subjects
Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, China, Coronavirus Infections, Humans, Pneumonia, Viral, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
Abstract

Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.

Published
2020
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