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Bioequivalence study of two oral formulations of metoprolol 100 mg tablet was brought about in 16 healthy male Bangladeshi normal individuals as crossover-randomized fashion. The test and reference formulated products were BETALOC-XR™ (Drug International Ltd, Bangladesh) and METOPROLOL 100 STADA™ (STADA Pharm Gmbh, Germany). Each tablet was delivered with 150 mL of water to every normal individual after whole night fasting on two treatment days separated by more than one week washout period. After administering drug, blood samples were collected serially for a period of 24 hours. A validated HPLC method was used to estimate the plasma concentrations of metoprolol. The pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, Tmax, AUC0→24h, t1/2, and Kel were determined in this study. The mean (± SD) AUC0→24h for test drug BETALOC-XRTM was 490.3 ± 187.5 ng/hr/mL whereas for reference drug METOPROLOL 100 STADATM it was 559.9 ± 267.2 ng/hr/mL. The relative bioavailability (BETALOC-XRTM/METOPROLOL 100 STADATM ratio) was 87.5%. The Cmax, tmax, half-life of elimination (t1/2) and the rate of elimination (Kel) for test drug was 170.9 ± 78.3 ng/mL, 2.3 ± 0.8 hours, 1.2 ± 2.0 hour and 0.4362 whereas for reference drug was 209.1 ± 91.3 ng/mL, 1.7 ± 0.7 hours, 1.3 ± 2.2 hour and 0.5875 respectively. Based on these statistical hypothesis it was conjecture that a BETALOC-XRTM tablet is bioequivalent to a METOPROLOL 100 STADATM tablet.

Clerodendrum infortunatum L. (CI) leaves are traditionally used in the treatment of diabetic patients. This study aimed to isolate and characterize bioactive compounds from CI leaves and evaluate their anti-diabetic activities (ADI). The CI leaves extracts ADI was estimated on streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats by applying a different dose of extract and compared with the anti-diabetic medicine (Glibenclamide). The intraperitoneal's acute effect showed the progressive fall of the blood glucose level until 120 min on diabetic rats by applying the CI extract. Continuous administration of the target ethanolic extracts of CI at 0 to 28 days leads to a decrease in fasting serum glucose (FSG), total cholesterol (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was increased. The ethanolic extract of CI produced five fractions, fraction-1 indicated a greater insulin secretion effect compared to other fractions. So, the structure of fraction-1 was elucidated and characterized by IR, 1H, 13C-NMR, COSY, and MS and the identified compound name is phaeophytin a. This study suggests that phaeophytin a exhibits significant anti-diabetic activity.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the impurities and their amounts in the fluconazole bulk drug and capsule FLUNACTM (150 mg). Method: HPLC with diode array detector was used to carry out the study. The composition of mobile phase was acetonitrile: water (85:15 %) with flow rate of 0.7 mL/min and detected at 260 ± 1 nm. Results: Two impurities (one is known impurity A and other unknown impurity) were detected in the bulk drug and also in capsule FLUNAC (150mg). The total amount of impurities in fluconazole bulk drug and capsule were 0.368% and 0.392% respectively. Conclusion: The total amount of impurities was less than 1% which is acceptable.

4-(2,5-Dibromoimidazolyl)-2?-aminopyridyl form complex with Na2PdCl4 in methanol. 1 mmol% of the complex was utilized in Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction to prepare substituted biphenyls and terphenyls in good to excellent yields. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcs.v25i1.11779 Journal of Bangladesh Chemical Society, Vol. 25(1), 87-96, 2012