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This study was carried out with five triticale cultivars (Özer, Truva, Karma-2000, Alperbey and Tatlıcak-97) and 10 advanced triticale lines to determine the grain yield and yield components during 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 growing seasons under Duzce ecological conditions. In this study, the parameters of the genotypes such as spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield were investigated. According to the two year results, whereas spike length, number of spikelets per spike, and number of grains per spike of genotypes changed 10.6-15.3 cm, 24.5-39.7, and 48.8-87.8, respectively, the grain related parameters such as grain weight per spike, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield were 2.518-4.261 g, 34.3-46.8 g, 720.2-1093.4 kg da-1, respectively. The highest yielding genotypes were found to be T-5, T-8, T-9 and Özer.

This research was carried out during the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 growing seasons at Edirne, Kırklareli, and Tekirdağ locations with the aim of determining some agricultural and quality characteristics of nine registered oat cultivars. According to the results of the examined characteristics, plant height ranged from 101.5 to 132.4 cm, vegetative period from 125.1 to 138.9 days, thousand kernel weight from 26.6 to 40.0 g, test weight from 46.2 to 53.2 kg/hl, protein content from 12.5% to 15.1%, and grain yield from 401.1 to 532.1 kg/da. According to the biplot analysis, PC1 and PC2 (accounting for 69.3% and 18.3% of the total variation, respectively) constituted 87.6% of the total variation. The angle value between the vectors of grain yield and protein content, thousand kernel weight, and test weight was narrow, indicating a high positive relationship between these characteristics, whereas the angle between the vectors of grain yield and plant height and vegetative period was wide, indicating a negative relationship between these characteristics. According to the correlation analysis, grain yield had a positive and significant relationship with test weight (r=0.594**), protein content (r=0.431**), and thousand kernel weight (r=0.350**), and a negative and significant relationship with vegetative period (r=-0.360**) and plant height (r=-0.047**). The highest grain yield was obtained from the cultivars Somun Yıldızı, Kahraman and Kehlibar.

Objective: Anaerobic bacteria, which make up an important part of normal body flora, may lead to serious life-threatening infections. Since isolation and identification of anaerobic bacteria require time-consuming, sensitive, and difficult methods, they can only be performed in certain clinical laboratories. For this reason, diagnosis and treatment of anaerobic infections are delayed and drug resistance is observed due to empirical treatment. New methods that will enable the early identification of these bacteria will help reduce the duration of treatment and mortality rates due to anaerobic infections. Method: In this study, it is aimed to design magnetic nanoparticles attached to N-methyl-D-glucamine (Mag-NMDG) to catch anaerobic bacteria for rapid identification. Mag-NMDG nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Results: Mag-NMDG nanoparticles were applied to gram positive and gram negative anaerobic bacteria such as Actinomyces odontolyticus, Prevotella buccae, Veillonella parvula, Bifidobacterium dentium and Bacteroides fragilis isolated from culture media. The binding of bacteria to Mag-NMDG was determined by microscope images, McFarland values, and MALDI-TOF MS identification scores. Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was concluded that the Mag-NMDG nanoparticles could be used to isolate anaerobic bacteria directly from samples. Thus, it is foreseen that many time-consuming and troublesome steps in the isolation and identification stages can be eliminated.

Bu araştırmada, Bornova ekolojik koşullarında seçilmiş anason hatlarının bazı verim ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Deneme, Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü deneme alanında, 2017 yılı yetiştirme döneminde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada bitki materyali olarak, dört farklı kökenli seçilmiş 11 adet hat kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, anason hatlarında bitki boyunun 42.00-49.00 cm, bitkide dal sayısının 5.25-8.75 adet/bitki, meyveli dal sayısının 5.02-6.22 adet/bitki, şemsiye sayısının 6.50-11.00 adet/bitki, bin tane ağırlığının 3.00-4.00 g, biyolojik veriminin 184.50-270.25 kg/da, tohum veriminin 77.62-110.83 kg/da, hasat indeksinin %36.5-47.5, uçucu yağ oranının %2.00-3.00 aralığında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Agronomik ve verim özellikleri bakımından Özel sektör-164, 150 No’lu hatlar ve Çeşme kökenli 31 No’lu hat, uçucu yağ oranı bakımından ise Madrid, Özel Sektör, Çeşme ve Suriye kökenli 213, 146, 31 ve 51 No’lu hatlar en yüksek değerlere sahip olmuşlardır.

Blastocystis sp. is a common intestinal parasite worldwide that can cause infection in humans and animals. Blastocystis sp. has a high genetic diversity with 17 different subtypes (ST) identified to date. Since nine of these subtypes are common in both humans and animals, it has been proposed that animals may have a role in the transmission of Blastocystis sp. to human. The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiological effect of animals on the human transmission of Blastocystis species by molecular methods for in our country. A total of 420 faecal samples were collected from the cattle, sheep, dogs, horses and chickens. Samples were stained with trichrome staining and cultivated by Jones's medium culture method. Blastocystis was detected in 53(12.6%) of 420. The samples were examined by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to identify nine common human subtypes. Subtypes were not detected in 33(62.3) of the 53 Blastocystis positive samples. Subtypes were detected in 20(37.7%) samples. The detected subtypes were as follows: ST5 in 4(7.5%) sheep, ST6 in 6(11.3%) chickens, ST7 in 11(20.7%) chickens, both ST6-ST7 were detected in one chicken). ST1, ST2, ST3 and ST4 - common subtypes in our country- were not detected in any animal. Sheep and chickens may be the source of human transmission of ST5, ST6 and ST7, the rare subtypes in our country. As a result, humans rather than animals, seem to be the source of the human transmission of Blastocystis sp. in our country.

This study was conducted at Edirne, Tekirdağ and Kırklareli locations in 2017-2018 growing season. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In the study, it was aimed to determine the effects of five different sowing densities (200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 seed m-2) on grain yield and yield components of bread wheat cultivar Aslı. In the experiment, the effect of sowing density and location on grain yield and yield components was found significant. In addition, sowing density × location interaction was found to be statistically significant in terms of grain yield. Grain yield was found among 693.2-849.7 kg da-1, while spike length was ranged from 8.3 to 9.5 cm. However, number of spikelets per spike was in the range of 17.4-19.7, while number of grains per spike was 35.2 to 44.1 and grain weight per spike was 1.43 to 1.75 g. Among the locations, the highest grain yield was determined at Edirne location. In terms of grain yield, the most appropriate sowing density was determined as 400 seed m-2 rate.

Ana muharebe tankları ülkelerin kara savunma güçlerinde önemli yere sahiptir. Zorlu arazi şartlarına karşı dayanıklı, hedefe hızlı ve doğru şekilde odaklanabilen silah sistemi bulunan ana muharebe tanklarına sahip ordular kara savaşlarında büyük üstünlük sağlamaktadırlar. Bu yüzden son yıllarda ana muharebe tanklarına yönelik akademik çalışmaların arttığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışma ana muharebe tankının modellemesi ve silah salınımlarının azaltılması için LQR kontrolör tasarımını içermektedir. Ana muharebe tankı gövde ve silah sistemi olarak ayrı ayrı ele alınmıştır. Gövde ana kütle ve alt kütlelerden oluşmaktadır. Silah sistemi yatay eksende hareketi sağlayan azimut dinamiği ve düşey eksende hareketi sağlayan yükseltme dinamiği olarak iki kısımda incelenmiştir. Yükseltme dinamiği analizinde kullanılan APG (Aberdeen Proven Ground) yol profili tanka bozucu giriş olarak uygulanmış, gövdeye ait ana kütle ve yükseltme dinamiği zaman cevapları incelenmiştir. Düşey düzlemde silah sisteminde salınımlar meydana geldiği görülmüştür. Bu salınımları önlemek amacıyla LQR kontrolör tasarlanmıştır. Aktif ve pasif durumlar karşılaştırıldığında salınımların büyük oranda azaltıldığı, namlunun hedeften sapmasının önlendiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca uygulanan kontrolör kuvvetlerinin uygulanabilir oranlarda oldukları belirlenmiştir.

This study was carried out to determine grain yield and yield components of five bread wheat genotypes and 20 advanced lines at Kırklareli and Tekirdağ locations in 2017-2018 cropping year. The experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In the study, grain yield (GY), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), number of spikelets/spike (SS), number of grains/spike (KS), grain weight/spike (KWS), test weight (TW) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were investigated. Bread wheat genotypes were found statistically significant for all investigated traits according to the data obtained from two locations. According to the results of two locations the investigated traits such as GY ranked from 423.8 to 572.5 kg da-1, PH 85.3 to 116.2 cm, SL 8.8 to 12.2 cm, SS 16.5 to 21.6, KS 39.4 to 65.6, KWS 1.30 to 2.91 g, TW 65.9 to 75.6 and TKW 32.6 to 44.7 g. Relationship between GY and SS, KS and KWS were found positive and significant. In addition, relationship between PH and SL (r=0.39*), SS and KS (r=0.39*), SS and KWS (r=0.42*), TW and KS (r=0.42), TW and KWS (r=0.44*), KS and KWS (r=0.64**) were significant and positive. The highest grain yield was obtained from SME9 bread wheat advanced line at both Kırklareli and Tekirdağ, which was concluded as promising.

Detecting sexually transmitted infectious agents in women by traditional methods is often troublesome. In this study, it was aimed to investigate bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis agents by culture, microscopic examination and molecular methods in women with vaginal discharge complaints. A total of 100 female patients aged 18-50 years, who applied to the Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with the complaint of vaginal discharge, were included in the study. Gram and Giemsa staining, culture and multiplex PCR processes were performed from vaginal and endocervix samples taken with sterile swabs. Gram-stained specimens were evaluated with the Nugent score; the presence of leukocytes with polymorph nuclei, Clue-Cells, and different shaped bacteria. Culture-grown agents were identified at the species level by MALDI TOF-MS. There was at least one microbial agent in 63% of the samples included in the study. According to Nugent scores, 27 specimens were determined positive, and 39 specimens had intermediate values for bacterial vaginosis(BV). Candida spp. (29%), Streptococcus agalactiae (9%) and S. aureus (3%) grew in culture while M. hominis (23%), U. urealyticum (13%), T. vaginalis (9% ) and C. trachomatis (3% ) DNAs were detected by multiplex PCR. In our study, it was determined that vaginal discharge could be caused by bacterial, fungal, and parasitic microorganisms as well as bacterial vaginosis agents. It is very difficult, laborious and necessary to determine dysbiosis and infection in the vagina which has an important microbiome. Gram staining and culture methods are insufficient for the detection of vaginal infection agents. Therefore, it would be beneficial to use molecular methods in addition.

Introduction: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) agents vary according to the hygiene and sanitation conditions of the regions and age groups of the patients. Rotavirus is the most commonly reported agent in all ages, whereas adenovirus is usually detected in sporadic cases. Giardia lamblia is a common gastroenteritis protozoa worldwide. The incidence of giardiasis approaches 40% in regions with insufficient sanitation and hygiene conditions. Amibic colitis is a parasitic infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica. Metronidazole is a synthetic 5-nitroimidazole affecting anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Unnecessary usage of metronidazole, which is widely prescribed in the treatment of amebiasis and giardiasis, may lead to antibiotic resistance as well as intestinal dysbiosis. In this study, we investigated rotavirus, adenovirus, G. lamblia and E. histolytica in the stool samples and metronidazole presciption of AGE patients admitted to our hospital. Materials and Methods: The fecal samples of 8874 patients (6 months-16 years) admitted to Diyarbakir Pediatrics Hospital with the diagnosis of AGE were retrospectively analyzed. Rotavirus, adenovirus, G. lamblia and E. histolytica/dispar agents were investigated by Enzyme Immun Assay (EIA) method using RIDASCREEN® (R-biopharm AG, Germany) commercial kits. Fresh stool samples were also evaluated for G. lamblia and Entamoeba cyst and trophozoites by native-lugol (NL) method. Results: Among the 8874 samples, G. lamblia (1730 samples, 19.5%) was the most common agent followed by rotavirus (1083 samples, 12.2%). Adenovirus and E. histolytica/dispar were detected in 276 (3.1%) and 189 (2.2%) samples, respectively. Among the 3162 patients who were prescribed with metronidazole, G. lamblia, rotavirus, E. histolytica/dispar and adenovirus was found in 1730, 124, 194 and 35 patients, respectively. Metronidazole was prescribed in 1238 (17.8%) of the 6950 patients who were not diagnosed as giardiasis or amoebiasis by laboratory methods. Conclusion: Metronidazole prescription rate without laboratory findings of giardiasis or amoebiasis was high in our hospital. The proper use of laboratory methods in the diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis and the regulation of treatment after laboratory-based diagnosis will reduce unnecessary antibiotics usage.

Bu çalışma, 2018 yılında Kırklareli ve Edirne koşullarında 7 adet tescilli çeşit ve 11 adet ileri nohut genotipinin tane verimi ve verim unsurlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Denemeler, Kırklareli ve Edirne lokasyonlarında tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada çiçeklenme gün sayısı (ÇGS), bitki boyu (BB), ilk bakla yüksekliği (İBY), toplam dal sayısı (TDS), bitkide bakla sayısı (BBS), bitkide tane sayısı (BTS), 100 tane ağırlığı (100TA) ve tane verimi (TV) gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre toplam dal sayısı özelliği hariç nohut genotipleri arasındaki varyasyon incelenen bütün özellikler bakımından istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur. İki lokasyona ait sonuçlara göre; ÇGS 32.6 ile 38.3 gün, BB 41.0 ile 61.6 cm, İBY 17.9 ile 30.5 cm, TDS 8.3 ile 13.4, BBS 18.1 ile 45.3 adet, BTS 19.1 ile 38.9 adet, 100TA 34.4 ile 53.7 g ve TV 114.0 ile 161.9 kg/da değerleri arasında bulunmuştur. Korelasyon analizine göre tane verimi ile incelenen bütün özellikler negatif bir ilişkiye sahip olurken, 100TA ile İBY (r=0.68**) ve BB (r=0.71**) arasında pozitif ve önemli bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, BBS ile BTS (r=0.88**) arasında da yine pozitif ve önemli bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, her iki lokasyonda da NH-56 nohut genotipi en yüksek tane verimine sahip olarak ümitvar hat olarak öne çıkmıştır., This study was carried out to determine grain yield and yield components of seven registered chickpea genotypes and 11 advanced lines at Kırklareli and Edirne locations in 2018 year. The experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications Kırklareli and Edirne locations. In the study, number of flowering days (FD), plant height (PH), first pod height (FPH), total branch number (TBN), pod number per plant (PNP), seed number per plant (SNP) 100 seed weight (100SW) and seed yield were investigated. Chickpea genotypes were found statistically significant for all investigated traits except total branch number trait according to the data obtained from two locations. According to the results of two locations the investigated traits such as FD ranked from 32.6 to 38.3, PH 41.0 to 61.6 cm, FPH 17.9 to 30.5 cm, TBN 8.3 to 13.4, PNP 18.1 to 45.3, SNP 19.1 to 38.9, 100SW 34.4 to 53.7 g and SY 114.0 to 161.9 kg/da. Relationship between SY and the rest of investigated traits were found negative, while 100SW and FPH (r=0.68**) and PH (r=0.71**) was significantly correlated. In addition, relationship between PNP and SNP (r=0.88**) was significant and positive. The highest seed yield was obtained from NH-56 chickpea genotype at both environments which was concluded ad promising advanced line.