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1. Awareness of Basic Life Support among Egyptian Medical Students; a Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Esraa Ghanem, Muhammad Elgazar, Khaled Oweda, Hussien Tarek, Fathy Assaf, Mostafa Wanees, Ahmed Elgebaly, and Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk

Subjects
Awareness, Basic Life Support, Medical Education, Students, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Introduction: It is important for all medical and paramedical staff to be aware of basic life support (BLS) maneuvers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the level of BLS awareness among Egyptian medical students. Methods: The level of BLS knowledge was assessed using a validated questionnaire and the results were analyzed using an answer key, prepared from the Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) manual. We used the Student's t-test to analyze the association between awareness level and year of study, previous BLS training and practical experience. Results: A total of 823 medical students with the mean age of 20.3 ± 2.7 years, from Al-Azhar medical schools completed the questionnaire (463 and 360 in academic and clinical years, respectively). About 72% and 84% of students failed to recognize the proper point of chest compression in adults and infants, respectively. Moreover, the majority (80%) did not know how to give rescue breathing in infants. Only 18% of students correctly identified early signs of shock and only 22% knew how to help patients with myocardial infarction. Being in clinical years, previous BLS training or practical experience were significantly associated with higher BLS knowledge scores (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The level of BLS awareness among Egyptian medical students is generally poor. Introduction of regular BLS courses into the undergraduate curriculum is a must to increase the level of BLS knowledge among Egyptian future physicians.

Published
2018
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2. Autologous Blood for Conjunctival Autograft Fixation in Primary Pterygium Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author

Hossam Zein, Ahmed Negida, Basma Muhammad Muhammad, Fathy Assaf, Ammar Ismail, Ahmed Elsehili, Mohamed Abdelmongy, Sherif B. Elsherif, Shin Yamane, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Ahmad Hassanen, and Kazuaki Kadonosono

Subjects
Pharmacology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.disease, Pterygium, Surgery, law.invention, Patient satisfaction, Randomized controlled trial, Suture (anatomy), law, Relative risk, Meta-analysis, Drug Discovery, Medicine, Humans, business, Fibrin glue, Autografts, Conjunctiva, Fixation (histology), Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and complications of autologous blood versus using fibrin glue and surgical sutures for conjunctival autograft fixation in primary pterygium surgery. Design: Systematic review with quantitative meta-analysis. Methods: Four authentic databases have been searched using relevant keywords. Eligible studies were obtained, and their data were extracted into an online form. Analysis was done using Review Manager for windows. Dichotomous outcomes were reported as risk ratio, while continuous data were reported as mean difference. Results: Seven studies were included in the analysis. Most of the included studies were of moderate quality according to Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool. There was no difference between the three techniques in recurrence rates (Risk Ratio (RR) 0.80, 95% CI [0.45 to 1.44], p= 0.46). Graft retraction and displacement were more profound in the autologous blood group vs fibrin glue and suture groups (RR 3.22, 95% CI [1.48 to7.02], p= 0.003) and (RR 5.27, 95% CI [2.24 to 12.38], p> 0.001) respectively. In terms of operative time, fibrin glue took shorter while suturing took longer time compared to blood coagulum (Mean Difference (MD) =1.57, 95% CI [0.90, 2.25], p> 0.00001) and (MD -20.47, 95% CI [-38.05 to -2.88], p =0.02). Conclusion: Autologous blood for conjunctival autograft fixation in primary pterygium surgery was associated with lower graft stability than fibrin glue or sutures. However, it did not account for higher recurrence rates than the fibrin glue or sutures. Patient satisfaction and postoperative symptoms are relatively better in the blood coagulum group than the other techniques. The overall quality of evidence is low. Further well designed randomized controlled trials are still needed.

Published
2018

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