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In the regenerative medicine and tissue engineering (TE) field, it is often an overlooked and challenging aspect to fathom how TE-related basic research could be translated to applied and translational research, ultimately aiming to develop and market a product or service. The aim of the present article is to investigate the patents in the field of TE and to look up relevant patents, type of applicants, and outcomes of relevant patents over the last 10 years. Besides referencing these patents, it was also the aim to collect data on companies related to the relevant patents to investigate the current commercial status of the product or service that the patent relates to.

A complete tour of metro users consists of their journeys inside the carriage and various activities outside the carriage, in particular, those in or around metro station areas (MSAs). To fathom out the spatiality and magnitude of those activities, which involve substantial interactions among people or with urban spaces, we assume that (a) metro users who spent 30 min or more together in or around the same MSA would physically interact with at least another person there; (b) the more an MSA sees metro riders co-presenting there the higher social interaction potential (SIP) there is; (c) SIP of an MSA is positively correlated with the number of distinct riders co-presenting in that MSA. By exploiting two-day metro smartcard data of Wuhan, China, we use the number of distinct riders co-presenting in that MSA to measure and visualize the MSA-level SIP in that city. Our visuals show the SIP varies across MSA and time of the day. Some MSAs have higher SIP in the daytime whereas other MSAs have higher SIP at the nighttime. Few MSAs continuously have high SIP. These results inform us where and when SIP would be the highest and the lowest across MSAs, which can facilitate metro operators’ monitoring and management of MSAs on the one hand and help businessmen and officials decide where and when to provide services and/or sell products across MSAs.

The first wave of the pandemic caused due to COVID‐19 was marked by a complete lockdown in India in March 2020. This unprecedented time and global health crisis pushed everyone indoors and compelled all employees to work from home (WFH). This study is an attempt to explore the challenges and possibilities of the WFH scenario in the context of working women in India. Around 203 women professionals participated through Google form questionnaire from May–June 2020 to fathom the impact of lockdown while working in the WFH format. This study employs the ‘the Standpoint theory’ and the theory of ‘Performative action’ by Judith Butler to grasp the work‐life balance and gender roles in family spaces. The results of the study have shown that although the spouses of these women are sharing some responsibilities of household and children, but still the main onus rests on women's shoulders. The identities attached with their working and non‐working status have been fused with the arrival of paid work at home. The majority of the respondents reported that they have to give a big share of their time to household activities by compromising their work efficacy on the job.

Inspired by Bermudez’s notion of proto-logic, I would like to fathom what the true proto-logic could be like. But this will be approached only in a negative way of figuring out what it could not be. I shall argue that it could not be purely deductive by exploiting the recent researches in logic of maps. This will allow us to reorient the search for proto-logic, starting with animal abduction. I will also suggest that proto-logic won’t get off the ground without proto-geometry. These negative results will shed some lights on some further conceptual and historical issues around the language of thought hypothesis to arrive at the true proto-logic.

The purpose of this study was to analyze different human behavioral components and the data collected from several households regarding their water consumption to fathom public demeanor better and ...

This research paper investigates the significance of the relationship between flipped learning and pupils’ academic performance in secondary schools in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq especially with a focus on alternative philosophical underpinnings. Undoubtedly, the significance of this study in the field of educational research bubbles over with controversies. Professional researchers/teachers’ disagreements about what happens in schools emanate from the difference in philosophical lenses employed in understanding phenomena, divergent visions regarding the purpose of schooling, and what constitutes an ideal society and cultural differences. This research attempts to understand teachers’ perception of reality in classrooms and fathoms the relationship between flipped learning and pupil’s academic performance, engagement and achievement. The research methodology employed has focused on mixed methods that allow the data analysis to adopt an interpretive approach and attempted to address the research questions by developing a structured observation and a questionnaire to facilitate the data collection procedure. The findings show that alternative philosophical underpinnings bear profound effects on pupils’ learning: teachers and the epistemologies and ontologies employed to understand reality in classrooms significantly impact flipped learning and pupils’ academic performance. The results suggest that these implications share common critical statements found in the related literature reviews that also indicate reflections on alternative philosophical underpinnings.

In current world, on account of tremendous enthusiasm for the big data extra space there is high odds of data duplication. Consequently, repetition makes issue by growing extra room in this manner stockpiling cost. Constant assessments have shown that moderate to high data excess obviously exists in fundamental stockpiling structures in the big data specialist. Our test thinks about uncover those data plenitude shows and a lot further degree of power on the I/O way than that on hovers because of for the most part high common access an area related with little I/O deals to dull data. Furthermore, direct applying data deduplication to fundamental stockpiling structures in the big data laborer will likely explanation space struggle in memory and data fragmentation on circles. We propose a genuine exhibition arranged I/O deduplication with cryptography, called CDEP (crowd deduplication with effective data placement), and rather than a limit situated I/O deduplication. This technique achieves data sections as the deduplication system develops. It is imperative to separate the data pieces in the deduplication structure and to fathom its features. Our test assessment utilizing authentic follows shows that contrasted and the progression based deduplication calculations, the copy end proportion and the understanding presentation (dormancy) can be both improved at the same time.

Demographers would label me a millennial. But as much as I enjoy the material and political perks of the 21st century that previous generations could not fathom, I have my gripes with modernity, li...

“The uncanny valley” indicates that as a robot approaches a nearly human state, initial positive responses quickly turn to strong revulsion. After reviewing various explanations for this phenomenon, this chapter interprets the uncanny feeling towards humanoids not as a response to a lack of humanness but rather as a response to the inability to fathom and appropriate what makes the viewer of the robot different from the robot, that is, what makes the viewer human. The more technologies become intrusive, the more this inability is intensified, making the technological uncanny a permanent dimension of selfhood. As a result, technology cannot be simply externalized and conceived as an outside factor that can determine or liberate us, nor as something that can destroy or strengthen us. This insight calls for a more sophisticated account of how technology is shaping us, as well as how we would like to be shaped by it.

Artificial neural systems ordinarily alluded because the neural systems are the information or signal process scientific demonstrate that is supported the natural nerve cell. A neural network is also complicated structure that comprise a bunch of interconnected neurons which provides an extremely energizing choices for complex drawback understanding and different application which may play crucial half in today’s engineering science field therefore researchers from the various teach are designing the counterfeit neural systems to fathom the problems of pattern acknowledgment, forecast, improvement, related memory and management. During this paper I’ve bestowed the basic have faith in of the counterfeit neural organize, its characteristics and its applications.

The aim of this paper is to investigate Smollett’s narrative strategy used in his third novel “The Adventures of Ferdinand, Count Fathom”. Despite the similarity to the previous texts, there is a certain novelty in “Ferdinand Fathom” which is connected with the narrative possibilities Smollett resorts to. Retaining the genre-forming motive of adventures, the special correlation between name and surname, Smollett changes the title of the novel, introduces composite and multi-level literary frame. It is the place where the reincarnation of the biographical author into his intratextual counterpart takes place. Smollett chooses a special narrator who is emotional, moralizing, full of naive pathos. He comments a lot, does not hide in the background, and is somewhat similar to the intellectual authors of Fielding and Sterne. He tells the story of an adventurous hero who is longing for destruction and enrichment. Designed to evaluate the hero’s actions, he becomes his memoirist.

Every normal human being is born with a natural capacity for language learning and acquisition. To gain proficiency in language learning or teaching, one needs to fathom certain inputs that facilitate language learning and teaching. Books are influential resources for English language teaching and learning. Research papers can also be beneficial resources that facilitate second language teaching and learning. This paper, therefore, provides a precis of the main tenets of Meyer’s Introducing English Linguistics, in guileless words for the assistance of our second language students, readers, and English as second language teachers and users in general. Though this content analysis review paper uses the text, Introducing English Linguistics as the main data, references have been made to other related information from other authors.

Innovation and leadership have been two key areas of research in the last decades. Various scholars have come up with multiple definitions of the terms, all revolving around the influence notion. Leaders have been reported to influence other individuals to dedicate their efforts to attain a given objective. Leadership, however, is a broad term, possessing many definitions. It includes and affects various approaches, situations, skills, reactions, competencies, and qualities. On the other hand, innovation is a practical implementation of methods or ideas that facilitate introducing new products or improving how services and goods are offered. To clearly understand the real meaning of innovative leadership, it is crucial first to fathom the leadership and innovation concepts. The paper aims to review the innovative leadership style as portrayed in the literature, and combining the two terms, and offering more insight and structural foundation for researching elements of innovative leadership.

Semarang Chinatown area is one of the historical sites of Ancient Semarang Heritage City where there are cultural relics in store. Consisting of, viz.: architecture, food, stories, and environment that’s prominent with a Chinese family style atmosphere. Ironically, numerous cultural assets contained in the Semarang Chinatown Area are less celebrated unlike Semawis Night Market since people envision the area Semarang Chinatown only has it as its prime and foremost attraction. People's awareness to to other cultural and historical assets is immensely minimal. Therefore, through this Final Project the writer has chosen to fathom this issue and to come up with a solution. By establishing a brand new and fresh visual identity, the author wishes to be able to introduce Semarang Chinatown Area as an integrated cultural historic area to a wider-reaching audience to array a large selection of richness of philosophy, culture, and value that will not only enrich the knowledge of visitors but also to entertain them with some aesthetic pleasure.

English Noun+Noun compounding has garnered the attention of morphologists due to characteristics that involve its semantics (Bauer & Tarasova, 2010; Jackendoff, 2009), degree of productivity (Bauer, Beliaeva, & Tarasova, 2019; Maguire, Wisniewski, & Storms, 2010) and possible paradigmatic nature (Bagasheva, in press; Boyé & Schalchli, 2016). This article addresses the above questions from an inclusive perspective with the aim bringing together various unsolved issues in the study of this morphological process. The experiment exploits data from the BNC Sampler and the Oxford English Dictionary, from which morphological and semantic information is extracted in order to fathom the contribution of nominal root compounding to the lexicon. The results show that the paradigmatic nature, semantics and high productivity of NN compounding are all closely interrelated, which explains certain characteristics associated to the current status of this process and its role in the enrichment of the lexicon., Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (proyecto FFI2017-89665-P)

Unconventional modes of transport (UCMs) play a substantial role in many developing cities in meeting the mobility demand in spite of having negative image in the eyes of the authorities. This manuscript outlines a conjoint framework where various factors affecting sustainability and competitiveness of UCMs are identified through observation study and organized using PESTLE qualitative framework. Afterwards, it presents an AHP-TOPSIS based qualitative approach where inputs from experts as well as major stakeholders (owners/operators, drivers, conductors and passengers) are combined based on the PESTLE framework to fathom the competitiveness of UCMs. Along this process, the manuscript also unveils the business model of UCMs along with their area of operation, advantages and weaknesses. For this, the study uses Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh as study area and selects three popular UCMs – locally known as Rickshaw, Easy bike and Leguna. The findings suggest that economic, social and political factors respectively have the highest influence among all factors of PESTLE. Rickshaw was found to be the most competitive followed by Easy bike and Leguna. The study is expected to shed light into the perception and expectation of major stakeholders of UCMs which in turn will provide valuable insight for designing conventional public transport services, and/or, help in slowly integrating the UCMs into the mainstream transportation service through addressing their shortcomings.

This study which covered Delta State, Nigeria was embarked on to ascertain the cohesiveness of farmers' groups and fathom the implications for agricultural development. At the first stage, 18 farmers associations were randomly selected from the list of farmers? groups at the zonal headquarters of DTADP. Ten percent often membership strength of each selected association was randomly selected to form the study sample and this resulted to selection of 156 farmers. Farmers subscribed to the various groups for the purpose of accessing extension services/information and credit facilities. They also had the purpose of benefiting from government farmers` empowerment schemes and exchange ideas, knowledge and information with other members of their respective groups. Most of the groups were found to be highly cohesive and members were also highly cohesiveness of the groups was influenced by members of satisfaction with the groups satisfied with their various groups. This implies that agricultural development and revival of the economy can be achieved. It is recommended that sustained cohesion of the groups should be encouraged through agricultural extension agents and other farmers should be encouraged for their specialized groups in other to reap benefits of self-help farmers` groups.?

Sabine R. Huebner and Christian Laes, ed., The Single Life in the Roman and Later Roman World . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. 434 pp. ISBN 9781108470170. $130.00. “All the single ladies” will not be surprised nor will their male and gender fluid counterparts: there was never a time in history without persons who lived the single life, however defined. What is surprising is that the single life has received comparatively scant scholarly attention, especially in the premodern period. Indeed, as Christian Laes observes, “sociocultural research on the single life in the Roman empire has been virtually absent so far” (21). Once one considers how to define “the single life,” however, the relative scarcity of scholarly investigation becomes easier to fathom. What is “the single life?” In his detailed and sophisticated introduction to this important volume Christian Laes makes it clear that Christian asceticism is not what is primarily at issue (though it does of course play a role), but rather something akin to “not married and not in a sexual partnership” without a religious motivation to forgo either and while of an age at that allows for both. In other words, many human beings experience such a situation at some point in the course of their life, for example while not yet married or no longer married because of being widowed or divorced. But does that mean they live a single life? After all, they could be part of an extended family; does that count? In short, analyzing the single life in premodern societies such as the Roman and Later Roman world poses significant conceptual and methodological challenges. As Laes points out, even in today's Western industrialized societies that form the basis of his comparative analysis (3–5), the single life encompasses such potentially contradictory elements as “the legal fact of not being married or not being in an exclusive relationship” (whereby being in an exclusive relationship is only sometimes a legal fact); “living alone and the possible …

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of university undergraduate students who originate from disadvantaged South African schools. The perceptions probed are those that relate to their material circumstances, learning and teaching environment and academic progress. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on a theoretical framework that underscores the primacy of the environment blended with transition theory to explain environmental influences on disadvantaged students’ academic progression at university. Data were gathered through detailed face-to-face interviews with eight participants and from the open-ended section of a questionnaire administered to 41 students from which the 8 students were drawn. Findings The findings demonstrate that disadvantaged students require both physical and socio-psychological support in order to succeed at university. Research limitations/implications A university in South Africa and the students from low quintile schools provide the case study for the explication of the findings of this study. Ethical issues such as seeking the informed consent of the participants to access their academic records weighed against the potency or robustness of the results of this study, because few of the participants allowed this researcher to access their results. Thus, this study focussed on potentially sensitive areas such as the academic records of students and poverty. As such it was extremely difficult to persuade disadvantaged students to participate in this study. Practical implications The study is thus useful for the school system, families and higher education institutions in the quest to provide the much-needed socio-psychological or “empathetic infrastructure” that acts as the cytoplasm for disadvantaged students’ academic progress at university. Social implications By invoking the primacy of the environment under the rubrics of epigenetics, this study also sought to contribute to the debate around the human genome – a grand ambitious global scientific project launched in the late 1980s to generate a catalogue of all the genes present in humans. However, this was a smokescreen because there are simply not enough genes to account for the complexity of the human life or human disease. By invoking the theory of transition, this study sought to fathom how to promote a favourable teaching and learning environment for poor students at university in a holistic manner. Originality/value This study utilised an empirically supported definition of disadvantage: that of students coming from no fee schools, as classified by the Department of Education based on Household Expenditure statistics of 2002 using the quintile system. The quintile system is based on average measures of income, unemployment rates and educational levels. To date, there is no published research utilising the school quintile system to define disadvantaged students in higher education in South Africa. This paper, which investigates such a sample from a university, is therefore ground-breaking and novel.

Graphical abstract, Epidemiological studies considered water use and hygiene practices as central risk factors for diarrhea. Few studies focused on independent association of water quantity with diarrheal diseases. This study aimed to describe the methodological protocol that adapted multidisciplinary and mixed-method research approach to assess how water usage including water quantity influences the attributable risk for diarrhea in a low-income urban community in Bangladesh. The quantitative, anthropological and microbiological approaches were threaded together to provide a greater understanding of the infrastructural, behavioral and microbial interactions to fathom the dimensions of fecal oral transmission pathways within the households. The use of the 'Choleraphone' (i.e. a mobile phone based real time diarrheal reporting system) was a contemporary approach intended to cut down on resources, reduce research fatigue and provide more accurate data compared to the 'gold standard' (i.e. visiting a household of diarrhea cases within 48 hours) for measuring diarrhea incidence. Development of methods to measure water quantity using qualitative and quantitative approach within a setting where meter water connection is rare was another unique feature of this protocol. This protocol provided guidance and insight on how multiple methods of different disciplines can be combined to enrich understanding of waterborne diseases.

Data-driven assistive wearable technologies are promising to support young adults with neurodiversity in inclusive education. Existing datasets focus on wearable sensor data of various activities from neurotypical people. However, no dataset exists including learning-related activity data from individuals with neurodiversity. The contributions of this paper include (1) WLA4ND, a dataset of learning activities performed by eight young adults with neurodiversity collected from smartwatch sensors. The activities are common learning tasks, including reading, writing, typing, answering follow-up questions, and off-task. (2) Evaluation of classification on WLA4ND with five activity recognition models, including conventional and deep learning methods. The Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) model achieved a balanced accuracy of 92.2% for user-dependent evaluations, while Federated Multi-Task Hierarchical Attention Model (FATHOM) achieved 91.8% for user-independent evaluations. This evaluation demonstrates that existing activity recognition technologies can be applied to neurodiverse populations. Also, WLA4ND can be used by researchers as a complement for activity recognition, automatic labeling, and next-generation assistive wearable applications.

Parks and other forms of protected areas worldwide face significant threats from rapid climatic and associated ecological change. While the need to adapt to the impacts of climate change on biodiversity is widely acknowledged, and the extant literature has identified numerous adaptation options, much less is known about the institutional preconditions that enable or inhibit adaptation in resource management systems. We address this gap by presenting a framework that assesses the readiness of protected area organizations to adapt to climate change. Specifically, using a mixed methods approach including a literature review, online survey, and workshop, we: (1) adapt a framework to assess organizational adaptation readiness in protected areas organizations; (2) use the framework to assess organizational adaptation readiness in Bruce Peninsula National Park (BPNP) and Fathom Five National Marine Park (FFNMP) in Ontario, Canada, and (3) identify ways to strengthen the readiness of protected area organizations to respond to climate change. Results indicate that BPNP/FFNMP have low to moderate overall organizational adaptation readiness, with higher readiness in terms of understanding social-ecological systems (e.g., mapping and monitoring social and ecological values) and lower readiness in terms of collaboration, knowledge management and exchange. Recommendations to increase the organizational adaptation readiness of protected area organizations include increasing collaboration and knowledge exchange with partners, local residents, and Indigenous communities, and educating staff and visitors about climate change impacts. Overall, framework outcomes can be used to assess organizational strengths, weaknesses, and most importantly identify areas for resource allocation or re-allocation to enhance readiness and ensure that adaptation planning is translated into on-the-ground action.

Facing the global black swan event since 2020 in the market environment, companies need to integrate and reconstruct internal resources, with their dynamic capabilities, promoting digitalization, and gain competitive advantage. It is essential for modern era firms to fathom applying dynamic capacities. In the article, with synthesizing early dynamic capabilities researches using the visualization software (Citespace), the summaries of key trend, hotspots and evolution of dynamic capabilities based on the WOS database has been presented. It could benefit the understanding of the dynamic capabilities theory. Moreover, the increasing numbers of enterprises are enhancing their digitalization in recent years. To comprehend how the digitalization help the enterprise operation, the theory of dynamic capabilities could be valuable. This article aims to clearly sort out the research on enterprise dynamic capabilities, and then combining with the status qua of enterprise digitalization, propose possible future research suggestions.

Malware is a significant security danger on the Internet nowadays. Hostile to Virus organizations get a huge number of malwares tests each day. It is intended to harm PC frameworks without the information on the proprietor utilizing the framework and method headways are presenting enormous difficulties for scientists in both the scholarly world and the business. Malware tests are arranged and gathered for additional investigation. In this literature review, we did the manual research on the publications from the year 2014 to 2020. We selected about 27 articles out of 55 articles as primary studies and applied quality evaluation criteria and deducted research questions from them. The motivation behind this SLR is to inspect the accessible literary works on malware examination and to decide how exploration has developed and progressed regarding the amount, substance, and publication outlets. We also discussed the issues and challenges we are facing in malware analysis along with detection system requirements. Large numbers of the malicious programs are tremendous and confounded so it is difficult for researchers to fathom its subtleties. Scattering of malicious data beyond clients of the web and furthermore preparing them to effectively utilize against malicious items are critical to shielding clients from malicious attack. This review paper will give a comprehensive book index of techniques to help with battling malicious data.

Animal farm by George Orwell published in 1945 seems to be a plainly written tale at a cursory glance but it with an in depth study we could fathom the scope of it. Animal farm is rich at diverse flavours all well mixed to give the perfect taste for sensibilities and intellect. Richness of literary techniques, multidimensional narratives, characters and symbolic delicacies is offered by animal farm. The literary richness is exhibited in a simple allegorical form which represents perfect craftsmanship. This paper will discuss the various vital aspects of the novel including its multidimensional themes, felicitous characters, diverse narratives and precise symbols along with the well established techniques of social settlements. George Orwell the writer had an intimate experience of the brutal dealings during World War II, as he corresponded for BBC. He was instigated by the communism at USSR and his desire to bring to light the factual conditions and real reasons which gave birth to the novella Animal Farm. The variety of themes strikes the correct chord of thought. The novella is written in a form of political allegory based on the political and social fervour; where the characters replicate the leaders, common populace, bureaucrats and enterprise-grade at USSR during and after the Russian revolution of 1917.

We of the twenty-first century can barely fathom the world of the specialists who composed, visualized, and assembled the alchemical manuals.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand what role researchers assign to online representations on the new digital communication sites that have emerged, such as Academia, ResearchGate or Mendeley. How are researchers’ online presentations created, managed, accessed and, more generally, viewed by academic researchers themselves? And how are expectations of the academic reward system navigated and re-shaped in response to the possibilities afforded by social media and other digital tools?Design/methodology/approachFocus groups have been used for empirical investigation to learn about the role online representation is assigned by the concerned researchers.FindingsThe study shows that traditional scholarly communication documents are what also scaffolds trust and builds reputation in the new setting. In this sense, the new social network sites reinforce rather than challenge the importance of formal publications.Originality/valueAn understanding of the different ways in which researchers fathom the complex connection between reputation and trust in relation to online visibility as a measure of, or at least an attempt at, publicity (either within academia or outside it) is essential. This paper emphasizes the need to tell different stories by exploring how researchers understand their own practices and reasons for them.

As a child, long before I read The Tempest, I came across a pastiche of its famous aquatic lines: “Full fathom five thy father lies / His aqualung was the wrong size.” I can never hear Shakespeare ...

Innovation, specifically innovation in information technology and computing systems, has, in my mind, changed the world more quickly than any other type of innovation weave seen. Whether or not it has improved the world may be subject to debate, but it has definitely sped the rate of change to a pace that is hard to fathom.

At the present stage of reforming higher education, there is an urgent problem of preparing the philologist teacher. It should aim at development of student’s personality, help to construct professional competence. To make specialist training qualitative should encourage them to cooperate, which should be built on interaction of participants of educational process. This article considers a vital issue of activating cognitive activity in students during lectures, which are considered to be a passive form of organizing education in higher school. The article clears up the problem of interaction between a teacher and students during the lecture visualization that provides presentation of lecture material with the help of modern information technologies (IT). The author pays attention to the advantages of a lecture visualization, especially to the possibility for better visual perception of theoretical material, increasing students’ interest in studying a subject and their active participation in discussing problems, formulating own conclusions etc. Modern ways of solving problems of interaction between a teacher and students, as the research shows, find realization in interactive teaching methods (brainstorming, discussion, an analysis of problematic situations).The author offers different ways of solving problematic situations. The basis of the proposed method comprises analytical and synthetic activity of students and creative approach to solving problems. As experience shows, students do not fathom the ways to solving a problematic situations at once, that’s why this article clears up innovative methods of doing problem and situational tasks with the help of modern information technologies.

Real estate analysis, in general, and valuation, in particular, are being challenged more and more by the expectational and informational properties of value. Both properties evolve inversely in the state of consciousness; the expectation in events of desire is continuously collapsing into experiences. Expressions for events are the basis of information, used in models to explain and approximate the future expectation in value. The exclusive use of information limits the explicative/predictive capacity of models and thus risky, because they omit the inversely evolving effects of expectation, simultaneously attached to the same event. To reliably fathom the risk, the global reference position of value needs to be kept in perspective as regards the work of the opposing mechanisms of expectation and information. This research clarifies the scientific nature of value based on these mechanisms and in practical terms ascertains its link to valuation approaches in real estate, as well as their informational sources of price, cost, and income (PCI).

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the contrastive lexical approach on Iranian EFL learners' writing skills. For this study, forty pre-intermediate students from a private English language institutes in Ahvaz, Iran were selected. Then, they were randomly divided into two equal groups of 20; one experimental and one control group. To have two groups of equal numbers, we used a block randomization sampling method. All of these students were female, ranging in age from 18 to 30. Their level of English language proficiency had already been determined by the Institute to be pre-intermediate. First, they were given a pre-test to determine their writing ability. Afterward, the experimental group received writing practices through the Contrastive Lexical Approach (CLA), during 14 sessions. Each session lasted for an hour and a half. The teacher sensitized learners in the experimental group towards the presence of L2 equivalents for L1 formulaic expressions, while the control group received an ordinary, traditional instruction, during which learners read texts containing the same formulaic expressions as for the experimental group without receiving any translation and were then asked to write about the same topics. At the end of the course, a post-test was administered to the two groups. Data were analyzed through independent and paired samples t tests after ensuring the normality of the data. Finally, to discover the power of the statistical tests, the effect size was also calculated. The study showed that using a contrastive lexical approach has a significant positive effect on Iranian EFL learners' writing skills. As the findings in this study propose, the writing skill can be improved through the use of a contrastive lexical approach. Teaching through a contrastive lexical approach, hopefully, gives the learners the chance to fathom their skillful writing competence, which requires the proper use of varied forms of structures and expressions and this, in turn, may sensitize them to know more about what language features to work on to increase their writing proficiency.

In successful teams, each team member has a distinct taskwork based on individual task roles and responsibilities. Each team member effectively interacts with one another and the technology with which they must interact during the task. Both taskwork and teamwork have situational propensities and entail both ontic and epistemic aspects; thus, understanding how they affect teammates’ taskwork and teamwork becomes crucial to fathom the emergence of team coordination dynamics. This paper conceptually discusses the application of quantum cognition to team coordination; how this approach can improve the understanding of the notion of the whole. The open system model, which incorporates both classical and quantum probability descriptions of a system, is reviewed to describe both ontic and epistemic uncertainty. The open system model's contributions to the entropy of an entangled whole are discussed. Lastly, the conceptual differences between sensing and interaction and the experimental scenarios to study these differences are delineated.

This chapter seeks to fathom the viability of Kuala Lumpur (KL) as a potential creative city in Malaysia. This chapter will begin by illustrating the history of KL to set the backdrop. The chapter will also analyse the situation of KL and how the creative city strategy is unfolding in the city. The chapter concludes by discussing the state, private sector and civil society nexus in propounding this strategy.

This investigation investigates the application of Adjusted Fuzzy Molecule Swarm Optimization (FPSO) to the versatile robot route issue in arrange to decide the briefest conceivable course with the least time required to travel from a beginning area to a goal area in a deterrent working zone. MPSO is being created in this ponder to progress the capability of customized calculations for a worldwide course. The proposed calculations decipher the environment outline spoken to by the framework show and develop an idea or nearly ideal collision-free way. Reenactment tests appear the viability of the most recent organized calculation for portable robot course arranging. The programs are composed in MATLAB R2019a and run on 2.65 GHz Intel Center i5 and 7 GB Smash computers. Changes proposed in MPSO and cuckoo look calculation fundamentally point to resolve the untimely merging issue related to the beginning PSO. A mistake calculate is demonstrated within the MPSO to guarantee the meeting of the PSO. FPSO points to handle another issue which is the populace may incorporate a few infeasible ways; an updated strategy is tired the FPSO to fathom the issue of the infeasible street. The discoveries illustrate that this calculation has huge potential to fathom the course arranging with satisfactory comes about in terms of decreasing remove and time for execution.