Search

Humans and animals both generate bioelectric signals through their tissues in static and active forms. These signals could be used to check the different physiological conditions of the body. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the signals produced by the heart. ECG helps to monitor the health of the heart such as heart rate, contraction of heart muscles, and blood circulation. Abnormality in these parameters can cause serious cardiovascular diseases. Thus, monitoring of ECG helps to early diagnose cardiovascular diseases. To measure these signals electrodes or sensors are used. There are several types of electrodes are developed to measure heart bioelectric signals, but they are not very efficient, consume more power, and can harm the skin. The focus of this research was to design new and more efficient dry electrodes. For this purpose, ECG noise was simulated in MATLAB and the main schematic diagram was designed. Suitable components of the electrode were selected according to the desired output. The circuit was designed through Proteus software and printed on PCB sticker paper. The evaluation result revealed that our designed ECG dry electrodes were more efficient than traditional gel-based ECG electrodes. Newly designed electrodes displayed less noise impedance and did not harm the skin of the patients. These dry electrodes can be used in hospitals to monitor ECG.

Leadership is considered as an important factor that influences product innovation performance.Contemporary global economies continuously strive to foster innovation and improvisation in their production is the demand of today’s global economy that organizations continuously bring innovation and improve their products. The purpose of present research is to find out that how how transformational leadership linked to product innovation. Moreover, the study hypothesized that corporate entrepreneurship and human resource practices mediate the relationship of transformational leadership and product innovation performance. Present research is based on quantitative research design and 150 survey questionnaires were employed to collect data from Textile sector of Pakistan. To analyze data,WarPLSwas used. The findings confirmed the hypotheses that the study contributes toward the theory of leadership by uncovering the impact of human resource practices in innovation. Moreover, the findings of our study show that transformational leadership positively influence product innovation performance. It implies that managers should improve their leadership style in order to encourage employees to take part in innovative activities. Other variables such as learning orientation and supervisory commitment can be investigated in future studies .

Voice is a proactive self-expressive behaviour of employees which has various positive impacts and is a potential contribution towards organization effectiveness. Existing studies have highlighted a difference between two types of voice, promotive and prohibitive. Although both types of voice benefit the organization, prohibitive voice implies an inherent challenge. The study hypothesizes that a manager may take prohibitive voice as a challenging activity and may perceive employees with promotive voice as loyal ones and those with a prohibitive voice as threatening for the organization. Further it aims to examine the managers’ response towards voice in form of evaluation of performance and the mediating effect of managers’ perceived loyalty and threat on this judgement. To empirically test the proposed model, data were collected by employees and their supervisors working at various private servicing and manufacturing organizations through survey questionnaires. Results revealed that performance evaluation is negatively related with perceived loyalty and positively associated with perceived threat.

Objectives:With change in technology teaching methodology also changed and technology penetrates into the class rooms. The most commonly used computer aided teaching methodology in class rooms is PowerPoint presentation. It replaces the traditional method of teaching i.e. whiteboard and marker. This study measure the impact of PowerPoint presentation on student' performance. Methodology:We choose 282 students studying accounting courses in various universities of Multan, Pakistan. We used SPSS and Microsoft Excel to analyze the data. Result:We found that PowerPoint has negative impact on the student's performance. But on the other hand, students feel tiresome with traditional method of teaching. Students prefer to take quantitative courses via traditional method, and they prefer to take qualitative courses by PowerPoint presentation.

Corporate social responsibility (CSD) disclosure is an emerging trend among businesses. Companies pursue CSR practices and disclose them to stakeholders to gain competitive edge in marketplace along with various other benefits. The present study examines the CSD practices of Pakistani companies which were awarded by National Forum for Environment and Health (NFEH) in 2012 for their best corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices. This research intended to find whether these companies disclose their CSR data on their websites? Furthermore, what is the extent and quality of this data? Analysis revealed that 24 companies disclosed CSR data by focusing three main dimensions: environment, social and economic. Eight out of twenty four companies issued standalone CSR reports. However, 12 companies do not have CSR data and even national websites. It was also witnessed that the websites were seriously lacking the level of interactivity in terms of CSR-related contact person's name, contact numbers and addresses. This is a highlighter study inviting the attention of scholars to investigate their country's perspective through detailed exploratory tools.

To remain competitive, organisations seek innovative ideas and solutions from employees. Since employees can give more practical views they often participate by sharing their ideas and by giving opinions termed as voice. The current study contributes to the literature by examining the effect of big five personality traits combined with the psychological antecedents on employees' voice behaviour in the Pakistani service sector context. Four independent variables, organisational-based self-esteem, felt obligation, job motivation and personality traits were proposed to have a positive relation with dependent variables, promotive and prohibitive voices in the presence of a moderator, psychological safety. Data was collected from 200 employees of the leading insurance sector organisation of Pakistan through a survey questionnaire. The results confirmed the hypotheses.