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Mersa Nurain Kausar,1– 4 Efi Fitriana,5 Khairunnisa Khairunnisa,6 Md Omar Faruque,7 Muh Akbar Bahar,8 Sofa D Alfian,1,3 Ivan Surya Pradipta1,3 1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 2Master of Clinical Pharmacy Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 3Drug Utilization and Pharmacoepidemiology Research Group, Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 4Occupational Health – Regional Public Hospital, West Java Provincial Government, Bandung, Indonesia; 5Department of General Psychology and Experiment, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 6Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; 7Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA; 8Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Ivan Surya Pradipta, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Km.21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Bandung, 45363, Indonesia, Tel +62 842 88888, Fax +62 842 88898, Email ivanpradipta@unpad.ac.idBackground: Validated and standardized structured questionnaires based on psychometric analysis are extremely limited, particularly for assessing community pharmacy personnel’s knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) in tuberculosis (TB) case detection, drug monitoring, and education. We, therefore, developed and validated a questionnaire to assess the KAP of community pharmacy personnel in TB case detection, drug monitoring, and community education.Methods: This study was conducted in two phases. First, we developed the questionnaire, which included framework development, item generation, individual item content validity index (I-CVI), item screening, and pre-testing. Second, we validated the questionnaire with 400 participants using various analyses, including participant analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI), comparative fit index (CFI), non-normed fit index (NNFI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR). We determined the reliability test using Cronbach’s alpha and test−retest reliability using Pearson’s correlation.Results: In the development phase, we defined 63 items that comprised 18 sociodemographic, 18 knowledge, 18 attitude, and 9 practice items. Across the 63 items, the I-CVI scores of sociodemographic and KAP items were one each. The CFA model parameter values were X2/df= 2.28; AGFI = 0.95; CFI = 0.99; NNFI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.06; and SRMR = 0.03 (p < 0.05 for all). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of KAP items were 0.75, 0.91, and 0.95, respectively. The test-retest reliability coefficients of KAP were 0.84, 0.55, and 0.91, respectively (p < 0.01).Conclusion: This study indicates that the developed questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the KAP of community pharmacy personnel for TB case detection, drug monitoring, and community education in Indonesia. Community pharmacy personnel can support TB notification and treatment by assessing their prospective roles in surveys using this questionnaire, enabling TB eradication in 2030.Keywords: development and validation, knowledge attitude and practice, community pharmacy, tuberculosis

Faroque Md Mohsin,1,2 Ridwana Nahrin,2 Tajrin Tahrin Tonmon,2 Maherun Nesa,3 Sharmin Ahmed Tithy,1 Shuvajit Saha,4 Mahmudul Mannan,5 Md Shahjalal,2 Mohammad Omar Faruque,6 Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader2 1Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 2Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 3Department of Surgery, Sheikh Hasina National Institute of Burn & Plastic Surgery, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 4Department of Maternal and Child Health, Projahnmo Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 5Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; 6Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, BangladeshCorrespondence: Mohammad Delwer Hossain HawladerDepartment of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, BangladeshEmail mohammad.hawlader@northsouth.eduBackground: Severe COVID-19 infections have already taken more than 4 million lives worldwide. Factors, such as socio-demographics, comorbidities, lifestyles, environment, and so on, have been widely discussed to be associated with increased severity in many countries. The study aimed to determine the risk factors of severe–critical COVID-19 in Bangladesh.Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study among various types of COVID-19 patients (both hospitalized and non-hospitalized) confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We have selected 1500 COVID-19 positive patients using a convenient sampling technique and analyzed lifestyle and comorbidity-related data using IBM SPSS-23 statistical package software. Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression were used to determine risk factors of life-threatening COVID-19 infection.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 43.23 (± 15.48) years. The study identified several lifestyle-related factors and common commodities as risk factors for severe–critical COVID-19. The patient’s age was one of the most important predictors, as people > 59 years were at higher risk (AOR=18.223). Among other lifestyle factors, active smoking (AOR=1.482), exposure to secondary smoking (AOR=1.728), sleep disturbance (AOR=2.208) and attachment with SLT/alcohol/substance abuse (AOR=1.804) were identified as significant predictors for severe–critical COVID-19. Patients those were overweight/obese (AOR=2.105), diabetic (AOR=4.286), hypertensive (AOR=3.363), CKD patients (AOR=8.317), asthma patients (AOR=2.152), CVD patients (AOR=7.747) were also at higher risk of severe–critical COVID-19 infection.Conclusion: This study has identified several vital lifestyles and comorbidity-related risk factors of severe–critical COVID-19. People who have these comorbidities should be under high protection, and risky lifestyles of the general population should modify through the proper educational campaign.Keywords: COVID-19, lifestyle, comorbidities, risk factor, Bangladesh

Reinforced composite made of polypropylene combining banana and betel nut husk fiber (BBF) was treated with 10% NaOH (w/w). The fiber percentages of 40%, 50%, and 60% were used using the compression molding process. Properties such as tensile, bending, impact, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and water absorption were assessed as composite reinforcements. The composites with 50% BBF reinforcement performed better than composites with different fiber compositions. While 40% BBF-reinforced showed superior results in tensile, bending, and water absorption tests, the impact and TGA analyses provided comparatively lower results. The tensile strength (36 MPa), bending strength (78 MPa), energy absorption (2.4 Nm), thermal resistance (300–583°), and the maximum level of characteristics were attained. This work demonstrated the feasibility of repurposing waste banana stems and betel nut husks for interior decoration, furniture, and automobile bodies in fiber-reinforced hybrid composites, replacing expensive and environmentally hazardous artificial materials due to their mechanical capabilities.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia caused by β-cells destruction and/or insulin resistance. Okara, a byproduct of soybean, contains high amount of dietary fiber (50%), protein (25%), fat (10%), vitamins, and phytochemical components including isoflavones and soyasaponins and has drawn particular attention to its positive benefits on health as a source of fiber-rich food that can help people with diabetes. This review aimed to assemble data as a detailed summary of the health benefits of okara for the management of diabetes mellitus. This review was carried out by identifying relevant literature published from 2010 to 2023 by searching electronic databases. Okara can control diabetes by reducing body weight and delaying digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, thereby increasing satiety and decreasing blood glucose levels. To sum up, okara consumption as a functional food ingredient is beneficial in the management of diabetes.

Polymer-based nanocarriers are created from natural or synthetic polymers that are modified to form submicroscopic particles. The polymer matrix can be customized to provide specific properties, such as surface chemistry and flexibility. This allows the particles to be designed and used in different fields. They are promising nanomaterials that are used as therapeutic and diagnostic agents, and they have potential biomedical and environmental applications. These nanocarriers are polymers that can be engineered with other types of nanomaterials with different sizes, shapes, and compositions. They can deliver drugs or their cargo to a specific site with precisely controlled release. They have many advantages compared to traditional drug delivery carriers, including improved biocompatibility, reduced toxicity, and increased efficacy. In biomedical applications, polymer nanocarriers have been used as drug delivery carriers, cancer therapy, and gene therapy. In environmental applications, polymer nanocarriers are able to remove heavy metals and other contaminants from air and water bodies. In this review, a summary of recent fabrication, design, synthesis, characterisation, and various applications in the biomedical and environmental fields has been provided. The review also highlights the current challenges and prospects of evolving polymer nanocarriers.

Pleurotus ostreatus is the second cultivated and most popular edible mushroom after Agaricus bisporus worldwide. As dietary supplements, nutraceuticals like Pleurotus ostreatus that go beyond the usual health benefits of mushrooms are becoming more popular. The objective of this study is to put together a summary of the nutrition information and link it to the possible health benefits and health-improving effects of eating oyster mushrooms. This review is based on secondary data from 102 published articles about P. ostreatus. All papers were examined following predetermined criteria for inclusion and exclusion, and this study contained 83 publications. The high nutritional content and beneficial health effects make P. ostreatus a high-quality food. It makes up for the lack of protein by switching between a diet based on wheat, rice, and maize. Nowadays, P. ostreatus is famous precious functional food ingredients due to the fact they may be cholesterol-free and low in calories, carbohydrates, fat, and sodium. Side by side, they offer crucial nutrients including riboflavin, selenium, potassium, niacin, proteins, and fiber.

Background: The racial variation in genetic susceptibility of Type2 diabetes mellitus is well established. The stages of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (collectively known as ‘prediabetic stages) are combined to be intermediate in the natural history of diabetes, but their genetic susceptibility are still a matter of investigation. Family study is the primary step to explore genetic susceptibility. In particular, there has been no study in Bangladesh related to genetics of prediabetes. Objectives: The present study aimed to explore the genetic susceptibility of prediabetes in Bangladeshi population by observing the clustering of dysglycemia in first degree relatives of prediabetes. Methodology: The study was designed as an experimental group comparison study. Newly detected prediabetic subjects (isolated IFG, IGT, IFG+IGT) were collected from BIRDEM OPD and reconfirmed by OGTT following WHO guidelines and sub grouped. Relatives of the prediabetes, up to first generation, were included as cases and termed as R-IFG (first degree relatives of IFG), R-IGT (first degree relatives of IGT), R-IFG-IGT (first degree relatives of IFG-IGT) corresponding to the subgroups of prediabetes. Each relative underwent an OGTT following the same guideline. Blood glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method. Results: Different types of prediabetic subjects (IFG, IGT, IFG+IGT) and their first degree relatives (R•IFG, R•IGT, R•IFG+IGT) were studied. Among 41 first degree relatives of IFG (R•IFG), 2 (4.9%) had IFG, 4 (9.8%) had IGT, 1 (2.4%) had combined IFG+IGT, 5 (12.5%) had T2 DM and 29 (70.7%) had normoglycemia. Among 116 first degree relatives of IGT (R•IGT) none (0.00%) had IFG, 15 (12.9%) had IGT, 2 (1.7%) had combined IFG+IGT, 22 (19%) had diabetes and 77 (66.4%) having absolutely normal OGTT reports. Among 76 first degree relatives of IFG+IGT (R•IFG+IGT), 2 (2.6%) had IFG, 4 (5.3%) had IGT, 1 (1.3%) had combined IFG+IGT, 19 (25%) had diabetes and 50 (65.8%) were normoglycemic. Conclusion: Clustering of pre-diabetes and diabetes is present in families of prediabetic subjects and they should be taken as a major target for primary prevention of these disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we are presenting a new metamaterial unit cell for satellite applications. The unit cell of the metamaterial was designed on FR-4 substrate material. The transmission characteristics of the unit cell display resonance at the frequency of 3.45 GHz of S-band of microwave region, which is usually suited for satellite communications. We did further analysis on the material’s effective medium properties by replacing the substrate material with Rogers RT 6010, lossy polyimide and aluminum nitride substrate materials, and we achieved different promising electromagnetic properties including double negative characteristics within the same band as well. For all these analyses, the popular “CST Microwave Studio” simulation software was adopted. The proposed design gives fine controllability in different types of metamaterial just by changing the substrate material, and all are working in the same S-band microwave spectrum.

In this paper, a miniature negative index meta-atom was designed; simulated, fabricated and measured based on parallel incidence of electromagnetic wave that can maintain a tri-band applications in microwave spectra. Compare to the other multi-band conventional metamaterial, the proposed meta-atom structure allows miniaturization factor and follows better effective medium ratio (EMR). Finite-integration technique (FIT) based computer simulation technology (CST) electromagnetic simulator was adopted to examine the design of the meta-atom. It exhibits tri-band response in conjunction with backward wave property over a certain frequency band in the microwave regime. Furthermore, the effective medium ratio is considerably improved compared to previously reported metamaterial. Moreover, few parametric analyses were done with the meta-atom. The size, scattering parameters and effective medium parameters of the proposed negative index miniaturized meta-atom is appropriate for tri-band applications.

A compact ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is presented in this paper with a partial ground plane on epoxy woven glass material. The study is discussed to comprehend the effects of various design parameters with explicit parametric analyses. The overall antenna dimension is 0.22×0.26×0.016 λ. A prototype is made on epoxide woven glass fabric dielectric material of 1.6 mm thickness. The measured results point out that the reported antenna belongs to a wide bandwidth comprehending from 3 GHz to more than 11 GHz with VSWR

The aim of this study was to consider a possible discrepancy in electromagnetic (EM) absorption in the human head. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with the lossy Drude model was adopted in this study. Here, the permittivity and conductivity of all head tissues were increased from 10% to 20% except when not using the same exposure conditions. Recognizable mobile phone frequencies of 1800 and 2450 MHz were studied in this simulation. The increase of up to 20% in conductivity and permittivity and varied substrate material always caused an EM absorption variation of 32.59% for specific absorption rate (SAR) 1 g and 35.25% for SAR 10 g at 1800 MHz, and variation of 20.37% for SAR 1 g and 17.99% for SAR 10 g at 2450 MHz, respectively.

In this paper we propose a new metamaterial unit cell structure on FR-4 substrate material that shows resonance in the microwave S-Band frequency range and also shows negative permittivity at that frequency. The material shows better performances with two resonances and Double Negative characteristics if Rogers RT 6010 substrate material is used. In this design two separate split ring resonators is used. We have used the CST Microwave Studio simulation software to get the reflection and transmission parameters for this unit cell.

In this paper, the specific absorption rate (SAR) reduction in human head with metamaterial attachment is calculated. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been used to evaluate the SAR in an anatomically correct model of the human head. We designed the double-negative metamaterials by placing periodic array arrangement of split ring resonators (SRRs). By properly designing and tuning the structural parameters of SRRS, the effective medium parameters can be made negative at 900 and 1800 MHz band, as presented in this paper. Experimental results show that, with presence of resonators, SAR reduction in the human head is achievable. These results can provide useful insight into the design of safety-compliant mobile communication equipment.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of electromagnetic (EM) energy absorption at 900 and 1900 MHz when the human head’s dielectric properties are varied. This radiation is measured in terms of specific absorption rate (SAR). The characteristics of the helical antenna and its substrates with variation of the human head dielectric properties were simulated via the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method using the CST Microwave studio. The human head dielectric properties are manipulated by increasing and decreasing 10% and 20% of each dielectric property. In this study, SAR values increase with increase of the human head’s conductivity, while increase of permittivity and densities decreases it. A helical antenna with a substrate of FR4 resulted in higher SAR values in all frequencies. The head SAR values are higher in the upper frequency exposures. The helical antenna with a substrate of Rogers RO3006 (loss free) was found to be the best-tested substrate, which contributed toward much lower SAR values in all GSM frequency bands.

Sheep chromosome 3 (Oar3) has the largest number of QTLs reported to be significantly associated with resistance to gastro-intestinal nematodes. This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within candidate genes located in sheep chromosome 3 as well as genes involved in major immune pathways. A total of 41 SNPs were identified across 38 candidate genes in a panel of unrelated sheep and genotyped in 713 animals belonging to 22 breeds across Asia, Europe and South America. The variations and evolution of immune pathway genes were assessed in sheep populations across these macro-environmental regions that significantly differ in the diversity and load of pathogens. The mean minor allele frequency (MAF) did not vary between Asian and European sheep reflecting the absence of ascertainment bias. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two major clusters with most of South Asian, South East Asian and South West Asian breeds clustering together while European and South American sheep breeds clustered together distinctly. Analysis of molecular variance revealed strong phylogeographic structure at loci located in immune pathway genes, unlike microsatellite and genome wide SNP markers. To understand the influence of natural selection processes, SNP loci located in chromosome 3 were utilized to reconstruct haplotypes, the diversity of which showed significant deviations from selective neutrality. Reduced Median network of reconstructed haplotypes showed balancing selection in force at these loci. Preliminary association of SNP genotypes with phenotypes recorded 42 days post challenge revealed significant differences (P

Developing efficient path integral (PI) methods for atomistic simulations of vibrational spectra in heterogeneous condensed phases and interfaces has long been a challenging task. Here, we present the h-CMD method, short for hybrid centroid molecular dynamics, which combines the recently introduced fast quasi-CMD (f-QCMD) method with fast CMD (f-CMD). In this scheme, molecules that are believed to suffer more seriously from the curvature problem of CMD, e.g., water, are treated with f-QCMD, while the rest, e.g., solid surfaces, are treated with f-CMD. To test the accuracy of the newly introduced scheme, the infrared spectra of the interfacial D2O confined in the archetypal ZIF-90 framework are simulated using h-CMD compared to a variety of other PI methods, including thermostatted ring-polymer molecular dynamics (T-RPMD) and partially adiabatic CMD as well as f-CMD and experiment as reference. Comparisons are also made with classical MD, where nuclear quantum effects are neglected entirely. Our detailed comparisons at different temperatures of 250-600 K show that h-CMD produces O-D stretches that are in close agreement with the experiment, correcting the known curvature problem and redshifting of the stretch peaks of CMD. h-CMD also corrects the known issues associated with too artificially dampened and broadened spectra of T-RPMD, which leads to missing the characteristic doublet feature of the interfacial confined water, rendering it unsuitable for these systems. The new h-CMD method broadens the applicability of f-QCMD to heterogeneous condensed phases and interfaces, where defining curvilinear coordinates for the entire system is not feasible., (© 2025 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).)

The sustainable treatment of petroleum-derived produced water (PW), a significant byproduct of oil and gas extraction, presents a persistent problem due to the presence of organic pollutants. This study examines the potential of the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana (C. sorokiniana) for the bioremediation of dissolved organic pollutants in PW. The primary objectives were to evaluate the efficacy of C. sorokiniana in decreasing the levels of dissolved organic contaminants while examining its growth and survival in such a complex environment. The cultivation of C. sorokiniana in photobioreactors containing synthetic produced water (SPW), supplemented with synthetic municipal wastewater (SMW) to provide essential nutrients, was carried out under controlled laboratory conditions. Parameters such as biomass growth, lipid content, and the microalgae's capacity to metabolize organic compounds are monitored over time. The results indicate that, except for 100% PW, maximum biomass output after 16 days ranged from 733 to 1077 mg/L. Total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency increased with rising PW concentrations, peaking at 85% for 50% PW. The cultivation period resulted in substantial nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the enriched PW media, achieving a maximum nitrogen removal of 87% at 10% PW and a phosphorus removal of 98.5% at 40% PW. Lipid content ranged from 12 to 16% during this period. In conclusion, C. sorokiniana offers a promising and sustainable approach for the bioremediation of dissolved organic compounds in PW. This method provides an eco-friendly option to reduce the ecological impact associated with petroleum-derived PW., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical approval: All experiments and procedures were conducted following the relevant guidelines and regulations pertaining to the research conducted, including adherence to ethical principles outlined in Saudi Arabia’s national laws and regulations and also following the guidelines of King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. This manuscript reports research that does not involve human-related experiments. Therefore, ethical approval was not required for this study. All authors have read, understood, and have complied as applicable with the statement on “Ethical responsibilities of Authors” as found in the Instructions for Authors. Consent to participate: This manuscript does not involve the participation of human subjects or any other entities that require consent for participation. Therefore, no consent was necessary for the conduct of this study. The research reported in this article solely utilizes publicly available data, pre-existing materials, or experimental procedures that do not involve direct interaction with individuals or entities requiring consent. Authors declare that they have complied with all relevant ethical standards and guidelines pertaining to research conduct and publication ethics. Consent for publication: This manuscript does not contain any proprietary or sensitive information that requires consent for publication. All materials presented in this article are original works and do not infringe upon the intellectual property rights of any individual, organization, or entity. Authors declare that they have full authority to publish this work and that it does not require consent for publication from any third party. Any included materials such as figures, tables, or text from other sources have been properly cited and used in accordance with copyright laws and fair use guidelines. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

Mushrooms and fenugreek are widely used to reduce hyperglycemia, and fenugreek is also used as a culinary ingredient to enhance flavor and aroma. This study is aimed at investigating the underlying mechanisms of the hypoglycemic effects of mushrooms and fenugreek in a Type 2 diabetic rat model. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) functions to reduce hyperglycemia through insulin-independent pathways and protects beta-cells. Diabetic model rats were administered standard diets supplemented with 5% oyster mushroom powder (mushroom-treated (MT) group) and 5% fenugreek seed powder (fenugreek-treated (FT) group) for 8 weeks. The results showed improvements in both glycemic and lipid profiles, with both oyster mushroom and fenugreek enhancing the phosphorylation of AMPK in muscle tissue. However, no effect on insulin secretion was observed. These findings suggest that both substances reduce hyperglycemia through an insulin-independent pathway. In silico analysis of both mushroom and fenugreek seed extracts revealed bioactive compounds having a strong binding affinity to α -glucosidase, which suggests mushroom and fenugreek supplements might control postprandial blood glucose levels., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Arafat Hassan Razon et al.)

To identify the genetic determinants of domestication and productivity of Asian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), 470 genomes of domesticated river and swamp buffaloes along with their putative ancestors, the wild water buffaloes (Bubalus arnee) are sequenced and integrated. The swamp buffaloes inherit the morphology of the wild buffaloes. In contrast, most river buffaloes are unique in their morphology, but their genomes cluster with the wild buffaloes. The levels of genomic diversity in Italian river and Indonesian swamp buffaloes decrease at opposite extremes of their distribution range. Purifying selection prevented the accumulation of harmful loss-of-function variants in the Indonesian buffaloes. Genes that evolved rapidly (e.g., GKAP1) following differential selections in the river and swamp buffaloes are involved in their reproduction. Genes related to milk production (e.g., CSN2) and coat color (e.g., MC1R) underwent strong selections in the dairy river buffaloes via soft and hard selective sweeps, respectively. The selective sweeps and single-cell RNA-seq data revealed the luminal cells as the key cell type in response to artificial selection for milk production of the dairy buffaloes. These findings show how artificial selection has been driving the evolutionary divergence and genetic differentiation in morphology and productivity of Asian water buffaloes., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Selective adsorptive capture and separation of chemically inert krypton (Kr) and xenon (Xe) noble gases with very low ppmv concentrations in air and industrial off-gases constitute an important technological challenge. Here, using a synergistic combination of experiment and theory, the microporous crystalline vanadomolybdates (MoVO x ) as highly selective Kr sorbents are studied in detail. By varying the Mo/V ratios, we show for the first time that their one-dimensional (1D) pores can be fine-tuned for the size-selective adsorption of Kr over the larger Xe with selectivities reaching >100. Using extensive electronic structure calculations and grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, the competition between Kr uptake with CO 2 and N 2 was also investigated. As most materials reported so far are selective toward the larger, more polarizable Xe than Kr, this work constitutes an important step toward robust Kr-selective sorbent materials. This work highlights the potential use of porous crystalline transition metal oxides as energy-efficient and selective noble gas capture sorbents for industrial applications.

This study documented the lesser-known indigenous fruits and vegetables used in a montane area of high biocultural diversity in Bangladesh, the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHTs), and analyzed the nutritional values of selected species. Over 125 species were noted, and based on their frequent uses, 10 plant species were selected for nutritional analysis. All of the analyzed fruits and vegetables contain significant amounts of nutrients. Adoption of these species as alternative sources of food in other parts of Bangladesh could play a key role in improving livelihood and well-being in marginal communities.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interconnected metabolic risk factors, including abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, and elevated fasting blood glucose levels, that result in an increased risk of heart disease and stroke. In this research, we aim to identify the risk factors that have an impact on MetS in the Bangladeshi population. Subsequently, we intend to construct predictive machine learning (ML) models and ultimately, assess the accuracy and reliability of these models. In this particular study, we utilized the ATP III criteria as the basis for evaluating various health parameters from a dataset comprising 8185 participants in Bangladesh. After employing multiple ML algorithms, we identified that 27.8% of the population exhibited a prevalence of MetS. The prevalence of MetS was higher among females, accounting for 58.3% of the cases, compared to males with a prevalence of 41.7%. Initially, we identified the crucial variables using Chi-Square and Random Forest techniques. Subsequently, the obtained optimal variables are employed to train various models including Decision Trees, Random Forests, Support Vector Machines, Extreme Gradient Boosting, K-nearest neighbors, and Logistic Regression. Particularly we employed the ATP III criteria, which utilizes the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) as an anthropometric index for diagnosing abdominal obesity. Our analysis indicated that Age, SBP, WHtR, FBG, WC, DBP, marital status, HC, TGs, and smoking emerged as the most significant factors when using Chi-Square and Random Forest analyses. However, further investigation is necessary to evaluate its precision as a classification tool and to improve the accuracy of all classifiers for MetS prediction., Competing Interests: There is no conflict of interest among the authors., (Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.)

Sophora flavescens Aiton, a traditional Chinese medicine that was supposed to predominantly play an anti-inflammatory role, has been used to treat multiple diseases, including cancer, for over two thousand years. Recently, it has attracted increasing attention due to the anti-tumor properties of Oxymatrine, one of the most active alkaloids extracted from S. flavescens. This study aims to explore it's anti-tumor effects in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the underlying mechanisms. We first investigated the effects of oxymatrine on cell apoptosis in lung cancer cell lines A549 and PC9 as well as explored related genes in regulating the apoptosis by transcriptome analysis. Subsequently, to further study the role of TRIM46, we constructed two types of TRIM46 over-expression cells (A549 TRIM46+ and PC9 TRIM46+ cells) and then investigated the effect of TRIM46 on oxymatrine-induced apoptosis. Moreover, we explored the effect of TRIM46 on downstream signaling pathways. Transcriptome analysis suggested that shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in A549 and PC9 cells treated with oxymatrine were CACNA1I, PADI2, and TRIM46. According to TCGA database analysis, the abundance of TRIM46 expression was higher than CACNA1I, and PADI2 in lung cancer tissues, then was selected as the final DEG for subsequent studies. We observed that oxymatrine resulted in down-expression of TRIM46 as well as induced the apoptosis of the cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, we found that apoptosis induced by oxymatrine was inhibited by over-expressing TRIM46. Furthermore, our study indicated that the NF-κB signaling pathway was involved in apoptosis suppressed by TRIM46. We conclude that TRIM46 is the direct target of oxymatrine to induce anti-tumor apoptosis and may activate the downstream NF-κB signaling pathway., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)