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Background and purpose: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the major hospital and non-hospital pathogens in children. This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed at exploring the data on prevalence of MRSA in Iranian children. Materials and methods: Primary articles in English and Persian were searched using the following keywords: prevalence, children, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Iran. Electronic databases, including Pubmed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Iranian databases such as Magiran and SID were searched for articles published in 2007-2019. Qualitative assessment of studies was done using STROBE checklist and data analysis was done in STSTA V11. Results: A total of 55 articles were identified and 23 met the study inclusion criteria. The prevalence of MRSA in children with S. aureus infection was 22%. The prevalence of community acquired and nosocomial MRSA was 17% and 38%, respectively. Conclusion: The current meta-analysis showed considerable rates of nosocomial and community acquired MRSA infections among children in Iran. So, pediatricians should consider this issue in empirical treatment [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease defined by damage to the myelin sheaths of neurons. MS is classified into different subtypes including relapsing–remitting MS, secondary progressive MS and primary progressive MS. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of different forms and clinical symptoms of MS among Iranian people using meta‐analysis. We searched all available databanks, such as SID, Magiran, PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus and Science, directly to identify relevant evidence. All findings were reviewed and eligible articles were selected. The standard error of prevalence was calculated based on binomial distribution formula. The heterogeneity between the results of primary studies was detected using Cochrane (Q) and I2 indices. The primary results were combined according to a random effects model. The effect of related factors in heterogeneity was investigated using a meta‐regression model. During the primary search, 17 352 articles were identified. After limiting the search strategy, and excluding duplicates and irrelevant papers, finally, 21 primary studies were entered into the final meta‐analysis. The total prevalences of relapsing–remitting MS, primary progressive MS and secondary progressive MS types among Iranian people were estimated to be 69.7% (95% CI 63.7–75.8), 7.01% (95% CI 4.05–9.96) and 17.8% (95% CI 11.7–23.9) respectively. In addition, prevalences of fatigue and motor dysfunction were estimated to be 71.1% (95% CI 60.9–81.3) and 56.3% (95% CI 27.9–84.6), respectively. Our meta‐analysis showed that relapsing–remitting MS is the most common type of MS, and fatigue is the most common clinical manifestation in patients. Motor dysfunction and balance disorder are the other common problems in patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restless legs syndrome is a neuromotor problem which is more common among pregnant women. Several studies have reported different prevalences for this disorder. Combining the results of these studies reveals reliable evidences for policymakers. This study aims to estimate the total prevalence of restless legs syndrome in pregnant women using meta-analysis. Different databanks (PubMed, Web of Sciences, EMBASE, EBSCO, Ovid, Scopus and Google Scholar) were searched using relevant keywords. After limiting the search strategy, reviewing the abstracts and full texts and quality assessment, eligible papers were selected for meta-analysis. Cochrane and I-squared indices were used to detect the degree of heterogeneity. The point prevalences were combined using random effects model. Studies that influenced the heterogeneity were detected using sensitivity analysis, while meta-regression models were applied to determine the factors that most affected the heterogeneity. Out of 26 eligible articles, 20.5% of pregnant women (95% confidence interval 16.5-24.2) were suffering from restless legs syndrome compared to 2.9% in Japan to 43.7% in Iran. Our meta-analysis showed that approximately one-fifth of pregnant women in the world have restless leg syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Familial history of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been considered as one of the etiologic factors of MS by several studies. It is valuable to combine the results of these studies. The aim of this study is to estimate the pooled prevalence of familial MS in Iran using meta-analysis. Methods: Using relevant keywords, national and international databanks were searched. Considering the significant heterogeneity between the results, random effect model was utilized to estimate the pooled prevalence of familial MS using Stata software. Results: After screening the selected articles, 15 studies with total sample size of 6248 (from 60 to 1718) were identified eligible for final meta-analysis. Overall prevalence of familial MS in Iran was estimated as of 11.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 8.7-14.1]. Point prevalence varied between 3.3% and 26.7%. Conclusion: Our study showed that the familial prevalence of MS among Iranian people is relatively high. More studies are warranted to investigate the effect of familial history as a risk factor for MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus infection varies between 40% and 100% worldwide. Different studies carried out in Iran indicate this variation in this country. It is important to estimate the total infection prevalence using a reliable method such as meta- analysis in order to be applied by policymakers. This study aims to estimate the IgG and IgM seroprevalences of CMV infection among Iranian women and neonates. Method: We selected eligible articles for final meta- analysis by searching the national and international databases, excluding duplicates and irrelevant papers from primarily identified studies after abstract/full text review, implementing exclusion/inclusion criteria and quality assessment. Standard error of the prevalence was calculated according to binomial distribution formula. Based on the degree of heterogeneity, fixed or random effects models were applied for estimating the pooled prevalences. Results: In this study, 16 papers providing 20 evidences of CMV prevalence in Iran entered in the meta-analysis. CMV IgG and IgM seroprevalences as well as primary infection rate (95% confidence interval) among pregnant women were 92.8% (90.6 - 94.9), 6.4% (2.8 - 9.9) and 1.1% (0.7 - 1.5) respectively. CMV IgM seroprevalence among neonates were 0.6% (0.09 - 1.2), while CMV IgG and CMV IgM seroprevalences among non-pregnant women were 78.4% (70 - 86.8) and 4.6% (1.5 - 7.6) respectively. Conclusions: This meta- analysis showed that the prevalence of CMV infection among studied population is relatively high. Therefore, mortality, complications, anomalies and injuriesamongfetuses, neonates and immunocompromized patients can be partially related to the CMV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]