1. Spirulina inclusion levels in a broiler ration: evaluation of growth performance, gut integrity, and immunity
- Author
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Sarzamin Khan, Shahbaz Javaid, Muhammad Mobashar, Asif Mahmood, Farid Khan Mahsood, Ahmed A.A. Abdel-Wareth, and Haq Ammanullah
- Subjects
040301 veterinary sciences ,Biology ,Feed conversion ratio ,0403 veterinary science ,Immune system ,Animal science ,Food Animals ,Immunity ,medicine ,Spirulina ,Animals ,Spirulina (genus) ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Broiler ,Antibody titer ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Animal Feed ,Diet ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Dietary treatment ,Dietary Supplements ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,medicine.symptom ,Weight gain ,Chickens - Abstract
Spirulina has been used as a food source from many years for human and animals because of its superior profile of nutrition. Spirulina (SPA) having antiviral activities can boost immune system, and better nutritional profile can increase growth performance by improving gut morphology. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of spirulina supplementation in ration on the humoral and cellular immune response, gut histomorphology, and economics of broiler production. A total of 120 day-old chicks were assigned to 4 dietary treatment; SPA0, SPA1, SPA2, and SPA3, each with 3 replicates having 10 birds in each replicate until 42 days of age. Treatment SPA0 was kept as control, and the birds were fed on basal ration, while the other treatments SPA1, SPA2, and SPA3 were supplemented with 1, 1.5, and 2 g spirulina/kg feed, respectively. Dietary supplementation of SPA3 significantly (P
- Published
- 2019