Search

Your search keyword '"Farhadinia, M."' showing total 25 results
Start Over Author "Farhadinia, M."
25 results on '"Farhadinia, M."'

1. Perilous state of critically endangered Northwest African cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus hecki) across the Sudano‐Sahel.

Author

Shams, A., Farhadinia, M. S., O'Riain, M. J., Gaylard, A., Smit, M., Fraticelli, C., Koutou, M., Clement, K. B., Durant, S. M., Melzheimer, J., and Naude, V. N.

Subjects
*INTERNATIONAL trade, *PROTECTED areas, *DEMOGRAPHIC change, *SUBSPECIES, *CARNIVOROUS animals, *CHEETAH
Abstract

Northwest African cheetah populations have declined precipitously, with expert opinion estimating that <420 individuals persist across parts of Algeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, Niger and Mali. However, no reliable density estimates exist in the remaining subspecies strongholds throughout the Sudano‐Sahel Zone, including the W‐Arly‐Pendjari Complex and Greater Zakouma Ecosystem within the Bahr/Salamat landscape. Camera trap surveys were combined with spatially explicit capture–recapture methodologies in both regions to estimate the cheetah density and detectable demographic composition of these populations. Following 15 429 camera trap nights, we detected nine individuals during the dry season and four individuals during the wet season in Pendjari (2021), nine individuals (dry season; 2023) in Zakouma and none in Siniaka Minia. Cheetah densities were thus estimated at 0.17–0.24 and 0.37 cheetah per 100 km2 in Pendjari and Zakouma, respectively. While marginally higher than predicted, such low‐density estimates are concerning in the last remaining habitats harbouring this critically endangered subspecies. Considering the substantial contraction of regional cheetah distribution, we estimate an overall population size of 68 ± 29 individuals across the studied areas. These novel estimates are among the lowest formally determined densities throughout cheetah range in Africa, where a high frequency of people and livestock detected on camera traps highlight the ongoing risks to large carnivores in these protected areas. Subsequent management recommendations include implementation of the established regional conservation strategies that encompass the distributional range of these cheetah, continuous monitoring of populations, genetic analyses to inform management, curbing illegal trade and increasing international awareness around the plight of the subspecies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. The search behavior of terrestrial mammals

Author

Noonan, M. J., (0000-0003-2765-8147) Martinez Garcia, R., Fleming, C. H., Garcia De Figueiredo, B., Ali, A. H., Attias, N., Belant, J. L., Beyer Jr., D. E., Berteaux, D., Bidner, L. R., Boone, R., Boutin, S., Brito, J., Brown, M., Carter, A., Castellanos, A., Castellanos, F. X., Chitwood, C., Darlington, S., Antonio De La Torre, J., Dekker, J., Deperno, C., Droghini, A., Farhadinia, M., Fennessy, J., Fichtel, C., Ford, A., Gill, R., Goheen, J. R., Gustavo R. Oliveira-Santos, L., Hebblewhite, M., Hodges, K. E., Isbell, L. A., Janssen, R., Kappeler, P., Kays, R., Kaczensky, P., Kauffman, M., Lapoint, S., Alan Lashley, M., Leimgruber, P., Little, A., Macdonald, D. W., Masiaine, S., T. McBride Jr., R., Patricia Medici, E., Mertes, K., Moorman, C., Morato, R. G., Mourão, G., Mueller, T., Neilson, E. W., Pastorini, J., Patterson, B. D., Pereira, J., Petroelje, T. R., Piecora, K., John Power, R., Rachlow, J., Ranglack, D. H., Roshier, D., Safford, K., Scott, D. M., Serrouya, R., Songer, M., Songsasen, N., Stabach, J., Stacy-Dawes, J., Swingen, M. B., Thompson, J., Tucker, M. A., Velilla, M., Yarnell, R. W., Young, J., Fagan, W. F., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., Noonan, M. J., (0000-0003-2765-8147) Martinez Garcia, R., Fleming, C. H., Garcia De Figueiredo, B., Ali, A. H., Attias, N., Belant, J. L., Beyer Jr., D. E., Berteaux, D., Bidner, L. R., Boone, R., Boutin, S., Brito, J., Brown, M., Carter, A., Castellanos, A., Castellanos, F. X., Chitwood, C., Darlington, S., Antonio De La Torre, J., Dekker, J., Deperno, C., Droghini, A., Farhadinia, M., Fennessy, J., Fichtel, C., Ford, A., Gill, R., Goheen, J. R., Gustavo R. Oliveira-Santos, L., Hebblewhite, M., Hodges, K. E., Isbell, L. A., Janssen, R., Kappeler, P., Kays, R., Kaczensky, P., Kauffman, M., Lapoint, S., Alan Lashley, M., Leimgruber, P., Little, A., Macdonald, D. W., Masiaine, S., T. McBride Jr., R., Patricia Medici, E., Mertes, K., Moorman, C., Morato, R. G., Mourão, G., Mueller, T., Neilson, E. W., Pastorini, J., Patterson, B. D., Pereira, J., Petroelje, T. R., Piecora, K., John Power, R., Rachlow, J., Ranglack, D. H., Roshier, D., Safford, K., Scott, D. M., Serrouya, R., Songer, M., Songsasen, N., Stabach, J., Stacy-Dawes, J., Swingen, M. B., Thompson, J., Tucker, M. A., Velilla, M., Yarnell, R. W., Young, J., Fagan, W. F., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.

Abstract

Animals moving through landscapes need to strike a balance between finding sufficient resources to grow and reproduce while minimizing encounters with predators 1,2. Because encounter rates are determined by the average distance over which directed motion persists 1,3–5, this trade-off should be apparent in individuals’ movement. Using GPS data from 1,396 individuals across 62 species of terrestrial mammals, we show how predators maintained directed motion ~7 times longer than for similarly-sized prey, revealing how prey species must trade off search efficiency against predator encounter rates. Individual search strategies were also modulated by resource abundance, with prey species forced to risk higher predator encounter rates when resources were scarce. These findings highlight the interplay between encounter rates and resource availability in shaping broad patterns mammalian movement strategies.

Published
2023

5. What's on the horizon for community-based conservation? Emerging threats and opportunities.

Author

Esmail, N, McPherson, JM, Abulu, L, Amend, T, Amit, R, Bhatia, S, Bikaba, D, Brichieri-Colombi, TA, Brown, J, Buschman, V, Fabinyi, M, Farhadinia, M, Ghayoumi, R, Hay-Edie, T, Horigue, V, Jungblut, V, Jupiter, S, Keane, A, Macdonald, DW, Mahajan, SL, McVey, A, Moehrenschlager, A, Nelson, F, Noshirwani, MM, Ntiamoa-Baidu, Y, Postigo, JL, Rakotondrazafy, V, Rao, M, Roe, D, Sierra Huelsz, JA, Stolton, S, Tawake, A, Wintle, B, Esmail, N, McPherson, JM, Abulu, L, Amend, T, Amit, R, Bhatia, S, Bikaba, D, Brichieri-Colombi, TA, Brown, J, Buschman, V, Fabinyi, M, Farhadinia, M, Ghayoumi, R, Hay-Edie, T, Horigue, V, Jungblut, V, Jupiter, S, Keane, A, Macdonald, DW, Mahajan, SL, McVey, A, Moehrenschlager, A, Nelson, F, Noshirwani, MM, Ntiamoa-Baidu, Y, Postigo, JL, Rakotondrazafy, V, Rao, M, Roe, D, Sierra Huelsz, JA, Stolton, S, Tawake, A, and Wintle, B

Abstract

Community-based conservation can support livelihoods and biodiversity, while reinforcing local and Indigenous values, cultures, and institutions. Its delivery can help address cross-cutting global challenges, such as climate change, conservation, poverty, and food security. Therefore, understanding trends in community-based conservation is pertinent to setting and implementing global goals. We undertook a horizon scan to prioritize 15 emerging threats and opportunities expected to impact the future effectiveness of community-based conservation. Topics relate to global biodiversity policy; human rights; shifting human geography; inclusion, diversity, equity, and access; conservation finance and income; and economic reforms. Our findings offer guidance on strengthening community-based conservation to achieve global environmental and development goals.

Published
2023

7. Right on track?

Author

Hofman, Maarten P. G., Hayward, M. W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C. M., Mattisson, Jenny, Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, N., Voigt, Ulrich, Allen, B. L., Gehr, Benedikt, Rouco Zufiaurre, Carlos, Ullmann, Wiebke (Dr.), Holand, O., Jorgensen, n H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J. C., Palmegiani, I, Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J. D. C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M. L. S., Oshima, J. E. F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., Mc Bride, R. T., Thompson, J. J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, Christophe, Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, Dietmar, Yarnell, Richard, Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, Maria, Vanak, A. T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M. R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J. A., Nifong, J. C., Odden, J., Quigley, H. B., Tortato, F., Parker, D. M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I, Bean, W. T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K. J., Karpanty, S., Licoppe, A., Menges, V, Black, K., Scheppers, Thomas L., Schai-Braun, S. C., Azevedo, F. C., Lemos, F. G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L. H., Weckworth, B., Berger, A., Bertassoni, Alessandra, McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V, Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, M. S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, Hüseyin, Berzins, R., Kappeler, P. M., Mann, G. K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, Larissa, Welch, R. J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O. R., Gonzalez, T. M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., and Balkenhol, N.

Subjects
ddc:590, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.

Published
2019

8. Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements

Author

Noonan, M.J., Fleming, C.H., Tucker, M.A., Kays, R., Harrison, A.L., Crofoot, M.C., Abrahms, B., Alberts, S.C., Ali, A.H., Altmann, J., Antunes, P.C., Attias, N., Belant, J.L., Beyer, D.E., Jr., Bidner, L.R., Blaum, N., Boone, R.B., Caillaud, D., Paula, R.C. de, Torre, J.A. de la, Dekker, J., DePerno, C.S., Farhadinia, M., Fennessy, J., Fichtel, C., Fischer, C., Ford, A., Goheen, J.R., Havmoller, R.W., Hirsch, B.T., Hurtado, C., Isbell, L.A., Janssen, Rene, Jeltsch, F., Kaczensky, P., Kaneko, Y., Kappeler, P., Katna, A., Kauffman, M., Koch, F., Kulkarni, A., LaPoint, S., Leimgruber, P., Macdonald, D.W., Markham, A.C., McMahon, L., Mertes, K., Moorman, C.E., Morato, R.G., Mossbrucker, A.M., Mourao, G., O'Connor, D., Oliveira-Santos, L.G.R., Pastorini, J., Patterson, B.D., Rachlow, J., Ranglack, D.H., Reid, N., Scantlebury, D.M., Scott, D.M., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Songer, M., Songsasen, N., Stabach, J.A., Stacy-Dawes, J., Swingen, M.B., Thompson, J.J., Ullmann, W., Vanak, A.T., Thaker, M., Wilson, J.W., Yamazaki, K., Yarnell, R.W., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Fagan, W.F., Mueller, T., Calabrese, J.M., Noonan, M.J., Fleming, C.H., Tucker, M.A., Kays, R., Harrison, A.L., Crofoot, M.C., Abrahms, B., Alberts, S.C., Ali, A.H., Altmann, J., Antunes, P.C., Attias, N., Belant, J.L., Beyer, D.E., Jr., Bidner, L.R., Blaum, N., Boone, R.B., Caillaud, D., Paula, R.C. de, Torre, J.A. de la, Dekker, J., DePerno, C.S., Farhadinia, M., Fennessy, J., Fichtel, C., Fischer, C., Ford, A., Goheen, J.R., Havmoller, R.W., Hirsch, B.T., Hurtado, C., Isbell, L.A., Janssen, Rene, Jeltsch, F., Kaczensky, P., Kaneko, Y., Kappeler, P., Katna, A., Kauffman, M., Koch, F., Kulkarni, A., LaPoint, S., Leimgruber, P., Macdonald, D.W., Markham, A.C., McMahon, L., Mertes, K., Moorman, C.E., Morato, R.G., Mossbrucker, A.M., Mourao, G., O'Connor, D., Oliveira-Santos, L.G.R., Pastorini, J., Patterson, B.D., Rachlow, J., Ranglack, D.H., Reid, N., Scantlebury, D.M., Scott, D.M., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Songer, M., Songsasen, N., Stabach, J.A., Stacy-Dawes, J., Swingen, M.B., Thompson, J.J., Ullmann, W., Vanak, A.T., Thaker, M., Wilson, J.W., Yamazaki, K., Yarnell, R.W., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Fagan, W.F., Mueller, T., and Calabrese, J.M.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 226766.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2020

9. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research

Author

Hayward, M.W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C.M., Mattisson, J., Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, Nicolas, Voigt, U., Allen, B.L., Gehr, B., Rouco, C., Ullmann, W., Holand, O., Jorgensen, N.H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J.C., Palmegiani, I., Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J.D.C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M.L.S., Oshima, J.E.F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., Mc Bride, R.T., Thompson, J.J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, C., Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, D., Yarnell, R., Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, M., Vanak, A.T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M.R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J.A., Nifong, J.C., Odden, J., Quigley, H.B., Tortato, F., Parker, D.M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I., Bean, W.T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K.J., Karpanty, S., Licoppe, A., Menges, V., Black, K., Scheppers, T.L., Schai-Braun, S.C., Azevedo, F.C., Lemos, F.G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L.H., Weckworth, B., Berger, A., Bertassoni, A., McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V., Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, M. S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, H., Berzins, R., Kappeler, P.M., Mann, G.K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, L., Welch, R.J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O.R., Gonzalez, T.M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., Balkenhol, N., and Hofman, M.P.G.

Subjects
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM, GPS-TELEMETRY, COLLAR PERFORMANCE, FIX SUCCESS, R PACKAGE, HABITAT, BEHAVIOR, SELECTION, LOCATION, PATTERNS
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.

Published
2019

10. Ecology and conservation of Persian leopard Panthera pardus saxicolor in northeastern Iran

Author

Farhadinia, M, Macdonald, D, Johnson, P, and Hunter, L

Abstract

The Persian leopard is the largest cat in west Asia, and is considered to be endangered – poaching and habitat degradation are thought to be responsible. The rugged mountains and high altitudes it favours present considerable challenges for scientists, and it is consequently one of the least known subspecies. I have addressed this through exploring the subspecies’ fundamental ecology across three national parks in northeastern Iran. I used satellite telemetry, camera trapping, genetic analysis and questionnaire surveys. The perceived role of leopards in livestock depredation was negligible compared to that of wolves. This was associated with relative tolerance of leopards compared with wolves; but the economic loss associated with predator damage did appear to influence peoples’ attitudes. I also estimated a mean home range of 103.4 ± SE 51.8 km2 for resident males which is larger than what has been observed in other studies on Asian leopard. Five out of six of leopards spent 17.9% of their time outside the national park, among human communities. The kill rate was quantified as 3.7 ± SE 0.5 medium-sized prey/month per leopard, which is higher than reported by previous studies. Surprisingly, considering the subspecies’ reported low density based on previous studies, I found relatively high population densities, varying between 4.01 ± SE 1.98 and 8.02 ± SE 2.67 individuals/100 km2. The number of adult leopards detected in Tandoureh (30 individuals) was larger than identified during comparable surveys at any other site globally. Persian leopards exhibited moderately high genetic diversity at six microsatellites (AN = 7.45, HO = 0.69, HE =0.75) and low haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.198) across three closely related haplotypes in NADH-5 gene. There was a weak evidence of spatial population partitioning. My research findings highlight the key role of mountainous ecosystems as refugia in supporting a high density of apex predators. Although land sharing is an inevitable solution for coexistence across Asian crowded montane landscapes, sparing mountains with improved law enforcement is encouraged for large cat conservation in Asian mountains. Finally, my thesis raises new hope for leopard viability as well as highlights the potential capacity of the Kopet Dag Ecoregion as a significant conservation unit for leopards.

Published
2018

11. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research

Author

Hofman, M. P. G., primary, Hayward, M. W., additional, Heim, M., additional, Marchand, P., additional, Rolandsen, C. M., additional, Mattisson, J., additional, Urbano, F., additional, Heurich, M., additional, Mysterud, A., additional, Melzheimer, J., additional, Morellet, N., additional, Voigt, U., additional, Allen, B. L., additional, Gehr, B., additional, Rouco, C., additional, Ullmann, W., additional, Holand, Ø., additional, Jørgensen, N. H., additional, Steinheim, G., additional, Cagnacci, F., additional, Kroeschel, M., additional, Kaczensky, P., additional, Buuveibaatar, B., additional, Payne, J. C., additional, Palmegiani, I., additional, Jerina, K., additional, Kjellander, P., additional, Johansson, Ö., additional, LaPoint, S., additional, Bayrakcismith, R., additional, Linnell, J. D. C., additional, Zaccaroni, M., additional, Jorge, M. L. S., additional, Oshima, J. E. F., additional, Songhurst, A., additional, Fischer, C., additional, Mc Bride, R. T., additional, Thompson, J. J., additional, Streif, S., additional, Sandfort, R., additional, Bonenfant, C., additional, Drouilly, M., additional, Klapproth, M., additional, Zinner, D., additional, Yarnell, R., additional, Stronza, A., additional, Wilmott, L., additional, Meisingset, E., additional, Thaker, M., additional, Vanak, A. T., additional, Nicoloso, S., additional, Graeber, R., additional, Said, S., additional, Boudreau, M. R., additional, Devlin, A., additional, Hoogesteijn, R., additional, May-Junior, J. A., additional, Nifong, J. C., additional, Odden, J., additional, Quigley, H. B., additional, Tortato, F., additional, Parker, D. M., additional, Caso, A., additional, Perrine, J., additional, Tellaeche, C., additional, Zieba, F., additional, Zwijacz-Kozica, T., additional, Appel, C. L., additional, Axsom, I., additional, Bean, W. T., additional, Cristescu, B., additional, Périquet, S., additional, Teichman, K. J., additional, Karpanty, S., additional, Licoppe, A., additional, Menges, V., additional, Black, K., additional, Scheppers, T. L., additional, Schai-Braun, S. C., additional, Azevedo, F. C., additional, Lemos, F. G., additional, Payne, A., additional, Swanepoel, L. H., additional, Weckworth, B. V., additional, Berger, A., additional, Bertassoni, A., additional, McCulloch, G., additional, Šustr, P., additional, Athreya, V., additional, Bockmuhl, D., additional, Casaer, J., additional, Ekori, A., additional, Melovski, D., additional, Richard-Hansen, C., additional, van de Vyver, D., additional, Reyna-Hurtado, R., additional, Robardet, E., additional, Selva, N., additional, Sergiel, A., additional, Farhadinia, M. S., additional, Sunde, P., additional, Portas, R., additional, Ambarli, H., additional, Berzins, R., additional, Kappeler, P. M., additional, Mann, G. K., additional, Pyritz, L., additional, Bissett, C., additional, Grant, T., additional, Steinmetz, R., additional, Swedell, L., additional, Welch, R. J., additional, Armenteras, D., additional, Bidder, O. R., additional, González, T. M., additional, Rosenblatt, A., additional, Kachel, S., additional, and Balkenhol, N., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Reply to: Can wolves suppress goodwill for leopards? Need for further evidence

Author

Farhadinia, M, Johnson, P, Hunter, L, and Macdonald, D

Abstract

In our recent paper (Farhadinia et al. 2017) we reported some observations concerning 23 attitudes to large predators in northeaster Iran. One of our findings was that attitudes to 24 leopards were more negative among respondents reporting more stock loss to wolves. We 25 speculated that measures to reduce conflict with wolves might therefore be beneficial for 26 leopard conservation. Ghasemi and Kyle (2017) argue that our interpretation is spurious, and 27 that our approach provides a ‘poor foundation for future research’.

Published
2018

13. Disappearing spots: The global decline of cheetah and what it means for conservation

Author

Durant, S, Mitchell, N, Groom, R, Pettorelli, N, Ipavec, A, Jacobson, A, Woodroffe, R, Böhm, M, Hunter, L, Becker, M, Broekhuis, F, Bashir, S, Andresen, L, Aschenborn, O, Beddiaf, M, Belbachir, F, Belbachir-Bazi, A, Berbash, A, Brandao de Matos Machado, I, Breitenmoser, C, Chege, M, Cilliers, D, Davies-Mostert, H, Dickman, A, Ezekiel, F, Farhadinia, M, Funston, P, Henschel, P, Horgan, J, de Iongh, H, Jowkar, H, Klein, R, Lindsey, P, Marker, L, Marnewick, K, Melzheimer, J, Merkle, J, Msoka, J, Msuha, M, O'Neill, H, Parker, M, Purchase, G, Samaila, S, Saidu, Y, Samna, A, Schmidt-Küentzel, A, Selebatso, E, Sogbohossou, E, Soultan, A, Stone, E, van der Meer, E, van Vuuren, R, Wykstra, M, and Young-Overton, K

Abstract

Establishing and maintaining protected areas (PAs) are key tools for biodiversity conservation. However, this approach is insufficient for many species, particularly those that are wide-ranging and sparse. The cheetah Acinonyx jubatus exemplifies such a species and faces extreme challenges to its survival. Here, we show that the global population is estimated at ∼7,100 individuals and confined to 9% of its historical distributional range. However, the majority of current range (77%) occurs outside of PAs, where the species faces multiple threats. Scenario modeling shows that, where growth rates are suppressed outside PAs, extinction rates increase rapidly as the proportion of population protected declines. Sensitivity analysis shows that growth rates within PAs have to be high if they are to compensate for declines outside. Susceptibility of cheetah to rapid decline is evidenced by recent rapid contraction in range, supporting an uplisting of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List threat assessment to endangered. Our results are applicable to other protection-reliant species, which may be subject to systematic underestimation of threat when there is insufficient information outside PAs. Ultimately, conserving many of these species necessitates a paradigm shift in conservation toward a holistic approach that incentivizes protection and promotes sustainable human–wildlife coexistence across large multiple-use landscapes.

Published
2016

20. Morphological study and comparison of western and eastern goitered gazelle(Gazella subgutturosa: Gueldenstaedt, 1780) Populations in Iran.

Author

Hayatgheib, D., Karami, M., Farahmand, H., Mehrabani-yeganeh, H., and Farhadinia, M. S.

Abstract

Western and eastern populations of goitered gazelles are separated by Zagors Mountains as a barrier. Bordering Iraq, western population has suffered from drastic decline during and after Iran-Iraq war. Presently, there are small numbers of the goitered gazelles left in the region with no clear understanding of their taxonomic status. It has been normally assumed that there should be a difference between these regions which has been the main objective of the present study. Twenty two skull variables of the goitered gazelles were measured and analyzed. Difference between the mean values of the regions (males only) in eastern and western Zagros as well as populations of western Zagros in Iran and Iraq populations show that western Zagros individuals in [ran have differentiated from eastern Zagros in at least 10 variables. Also, comparison of Iranian and Iraqi specimens indicates that no significant difference between these areas can be seen, seemingly an indication of morphological similarities between these two groups. Accordingly, it was concluded that western and eastern Zagros populations exhibit remarkable variation which can be due to their distinct evolution, phylogeny and environmental variations. Uniqueness of Kermanshah population in western Zagros reveals high priority to promote conservation and management of the habitat which enhancing its conservation level to Protected Area is a significant official step forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

21. Effect of Filler Size and Matrix Properties on Fracture Toughness of Particulate Composites.

Author

Mall, S., Newaz, G.M., and Farhadinia, M.

Abstract

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of filler size and matrix ductility on fracture toughness of particulate composites. For this purpose, two sand/polyester composite systems were studied. In the first system, three types of polyester with different ductility were used with a constant sand particle size. In the second system, the matrix was the same but sand particle size was changed. Fracture toughness tests were conducted using single-edge notch beam specimen. The fracture toughness of the tested particulate composites was not directly related to the filler size, however it was directly influenced by matrix ductility. Fractographic analysis of fracture surfaces confirmed that crack pinning mechanism is an active fracture process in par ticulate composites. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1987
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. What's on the horizon for community-based conservation? Emerging threats and opportunities.

Author

Esmail N, McPherson JM, Abulu L, Amend T, Amit R, Bhatia S, Bikaba D, Brichieri-Colombi TA, Brown J, Buschman V, Fabinyi M, Farhadinia M, Ghayoumi R, Hay-Edie T, Horigue V, Jungblut V, Jupiter S, Keane A, Macdonald DW, Mahajan SL, McVey A, Moehrenschlager A, Nelson F, Noshirwani MM, Ntiamoa-Baidu Y, Postigo JL, Rakotondrazafy V, Rao M, Roe D, Sierra Huelsz JA, Stolton S, Tawake A, and Wintle B

Subjects
Humans, Climate Change, Forecasting, Geography, Conservation of Natural Resources, Biodiversity
Abstract

Community-based conservation can support livelihoods and biodiversity, while reinforcing local and Indigenous values, cultures, and institutions. Its delivery can help address cross-cutting global challenges, such as climate change, conservation, poverty, and food security. Therefore, understanding trends in community-based conservation is pertinent to setting and implementing global goals. We undertook a horizon scan to prioritize 15 emerging threats and opportunities expected to impact the future effectiveness of community-based conservation. Topics relate to global biodiversity policy; human rights; shifting human geography; inclusion, diversity, equity, and access; conservation finance and income; and economic reforms. Our findings offer guidance on strengthening community-based conservation to achieve global environmental and development goals., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests None declared by authors., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements.

Author

Noonan MJ, Fleming CH, Tucker MA, Kays R, Harrison AL, Crofoot MC, Abrahms B, Alberts SC, Ali AH, Altmann J, Antunes PC, Attias N, Belant JL, Beyer DE Jr, Bidner LR, Blaum N, Boone RB, Caillaud D, de Paula RC, de la Torre JA, Dekker J, DePerno CS, Farhadinia M, Fennessy J, Fichtel C, Fischer C, Ford A, Goheen JR, Havmøller RW, Hirsch BT, Hurtado C, Isbell LA, Janssen R, Jeltsch F, Kaczensky P, Kaneko Y, Kappeler P, Katna A, Kauffman M, Koch F, Kulkarni A, LaPoint S, Leimgruber P, Macdonald DW, Markham AC, McMahon L, Mertes K, Moorman CE, Morato RG, Moßbrucker AM, Mourão G, O'Connor D, Oliveira-Santos LGR, Pastorini J, Patterson BD, Rachlow J, Ranglack DH, Reid N, Scantlebury DM, Scott DM, Selva N, Sergiel A, Songer M, Songsasen N, Stabach JA, Stacy-Dawes J, Swingen MB, Thompson JJ, Ullmann W, Vanak AT, Thaker M, Wilson JW, Yamazaki K, Yarnell RW, Zieba F, Zwijacz-Kozica T, Fagan WF, Mueller T, and Calabrese JM

Subjects
Animals, Body Size, Endangered Species, Homing Behavior, Humans, Conservation of Natural Resources, Mammals
Abstract

Accurately quantifying species' area requirements is a prerequisite for effective area-based conservation. This typically involves collecting tracking data on species of interest and then conducting home-range analyses. Problematically, autocorrelation in tracking data can result in space needs being severely underestimated. Based on the previous work, we hypothesized the magnitude of underestimation varies with body mass, a relationship that could have serious conservation implications. To evaluate this hypothesis for terrestrial mammals, we estimated home-range areas with global positioning system (GPS) locations from 757 individuals across 61 globally distributed mammalian species with body masses ranging from 0.4 to 4000 kg. We then applied block cross-validation to quantify bias in empirical home-range estimates. Area requirements of mammals <10 kg were underestimated by a mean approximately15%, and species weighing approximately100 kg were underestimated by approximately50% on average. Thus, we found area estimation was subject to autocorrelation-induced bias that was worse for large species. Combined with the fact that extinction risk increases as body mass increases, the allometric scaling of bias we observed suggests the most threatened species are also likely to be those with the least accurate home-range estimates. As a correction, we tested whether data thinning or autocorrelation-informed home-range estimation minimized the scaling effect of autocorrelation on area estimates. Data thinning required an approximately93% data loss to achieve statistical independence with 95% confidence and was, therefore, not a viable solution. In contrast, autocorrelation-informed home-range estimation resulted in consistently accurate estimates irrespective of mass. When relating body mass to home range size, we detected that correcting for autocorrelation resulted in a scaling exponent significantly >1, meaning the scaling of the relationship changed substantially at the upper end of the mass spectrum., (© 2020 The Authors. Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology.)

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results