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379 results on '"Fares, Silvano"'

1. Leaf-level coordination principles propagate to the ecosystem scale.

Author

Gomarasca, Ulisse, Migliavacca, Mirco, Kattge, Jens, Nelson, Jacob, Niinemets, Ülo, Wirth, Christian, Cescatti, Alessandro, Bahn, Michael, Nair, Richard, Acosta, Alicia, Arain, M, Beloiu, Mirela, Black, T, Bruun, Hans, Bucher, Solveig, Buchmann, Nina, Byun, Chaeho, Carrara, Arnaud, Conte, Adriano, da Silva, Ana, Duveiller, Gregory, Fares, Silvano, Ibrom, Andreas, Knohl, Alexander, Komac, Benjamin, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lusk, Christopher, Mahecha, Miguel, Martini, David, Minden, Vanessa, Montagnani, Leonardo, Mori, Akira, Onoda, Yusuke, Peñuelas, Josep, Perez-Priego, Oscar, Poschlod, Peter, Powell, Thomas, Reich, Peter, Šigut, Ladislav, van Bodegom, Peter, Walther, Sophia, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Wright, Ian, and Reichstein, Markus

Subjects
Ecosystem, Plants, Climate Change, Plant Leaves, Phenotype
Abstract

Fundamental axes of variation in plant traits result from trade-offs between costs and benefits of resource-use strategies at the leaf scale. However, it is unclear whether similar trade-offs propagate to the ecosystem level. Here, we test whether trait correlation patterns predicted by three well-known leaf- and plant-level coordination theories - the leaf economics spectrum, the global spectrum of plant form and function, and the least-cost hypothesis - are also observed between community mean traits and ecosystem processes. We combined ecosystem functional properties from FLUXNET sites, vegetation properties, and community mean plant traits into three corresponding principal component analyses. We find that the leaf economics spectrum (90 sites), the global spectrum of plant form and function (89 sites), and the least-cost hypothesis (82 sites) all propagate at the ecosystem level. However, we also find evidence of additional scale-emergent properties. Evaluating the coordination of ecosystem functional properties may aid the development of more realistic global dynamic vegetation models with critical empirical data, reducing the uncertainty of climate change projections.

Published
2023

2. The effect of relative humidity on eddy covariance latent heat flux measurements and its implication for partitioning into transpiration and evaporation

Author

Zhang, Weijie, Jung, Martin, Migliavacca, Mirco, Poyatos, Rafael, Miralles, Diego G, El-Madany, Tarek S, Galvagno, Marta, Carrara, Arnaud, Arriga, Nicola, Ibrom, Andreas, Mammarella, Ivan, Papale, Dario, Cleverly, Jamie R, Liddell, Michael, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Markwitz, Christian, Mauder, Matthias, Paul-Limoges, Eugenie, Schmidt, Marius, Wolf, Sebastian, Brümmer, Christian, Arain, M Altaf, Fares, Silvano, Kato, Tomomichi, Ardö, Jonas, Oechel, Walter, Hanson, Chad, Korkiakoski, Mika, Biraud, Sébastien, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Billesbach, Dave, Montagnani, Leonardo, Woodgate, William, Shao, Changliang, Carvalhais, Nuno, Reichstein, Markus, and Nelson, Jacob A

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Evapotranspiration, Energy balance closure, Latent energy, FLUXNET, Eddy covariance, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences, Biological sciences, Earth sciences
Abstract

While the eddy covariance (EC) technique is a well-established method for measuring water fluxes (i.e., evaporation or 'evapotranspiration’, ET), the measurement is susceptible to many uncertainties. One such issue is the potential underestimation of ET when relative humidity (RH) is high (>70%), due to low-pass filtering with some EC systems. Yet, this underestimation for different types of EC systems (e.g. open-path or closed-path sensors) has not been characterized for synthesis datasets such as the widely used FLUXNET2015 dataset. Here, we assess the RH-associated underestimation of latent heat fluxes (LE, or ET) from different EC systems for 163 sites in the FLUXNET2015 dataset. We found that the LE underestimation is most apparent during hours when RH is higher than 70%, predominantly observed at sites using closed-path EC systems, but the extent of the LE underestimation is highly site-specific. We then propose a machine learning based method to correct for this underestimation, and compare it to two energy balance closure based LE correction approaches (Bowen ratio correction, BRC, and attributing all errors to LE). Our correction increases LE by 189% for closed-path sites at high RH (>90%), while BRC increases LE by around 30% for all RH conditions. Additionally, we assess the influence of these corrections on ET-based transpiration (T) estimates using two different ET partitioning methods. Results show opposite responses (increasing vs. slightly decreasing T-to-ET ratios, T/ET) between the two methods when comparing T based on corrected and uncorrected LE. Overall, our results demonstrate the existence of a high RH bias in water fluxes in the FLUXNET2015 dataset and suggest that this bias is a pronounced source of uncertainty in ET measurements to be considered when estimating ecosystem T/ET and WUE.

Published
2023

3. Cell wall ester modifications and volatile emission signatures of plant response to abiotic stress

Author

Jardine, Kolby J, Dewhirst, Rebecca A, Som, Suman, Lei, Joseph, Tucker, Eliana, Young, Robert P, Portillo‐Estrada, Miguel, Gao, Yu, Su, Luping, Fares, Silvano, Castanha, Cristina, Scheller, Henrik V, and Mortimer, Jenny C

Subjects
Plant Biology, Biological Sciences, Esters, Ecosystem, Stress, Physiological, Populus, Droughts, Plant Leaves, Methanol, Cell Wall, Water, Acetic Acid, AA, MeOH ratio, aerobic fermentation, cell wall esters, growth suppression, pectin, plant drought stress, xylan, AA/MeOH ratio, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Plant Biology & Botany, Plant biology
Abstract

Growth suppression and defence signalling are simultaneous strategies that plants invoke to respond to abiotic stress. Here, we show that the drought stress response of poplar trees (Populus trichocarpa) is initiated by a suppression in cell wall derived methanol (MeOH) emissions and activation of acetic acid (AA) fermentation defences. Temperature sensitive emissions dominated by MeOH (AA/MeOH

Published
2022

4. Monitoring of carbon-water fluxes at Eurasian meteorological stations using random forest and remote sensing

Author

Xie, Mingjuan, Ma, Xiaofei, Wang, Yuangang, Li, Chaofan, Shi, Haiyang, Yuan, Xiuliang, Hellwich, Olaf, Chen, Chunbo, Zhang, Wenqiang, Zhang, Chen, Ling, Qing, Gao, Ruixiang, Zhang, Yu, Ochege, Friday Uchenna, Frankl, Amaury, De Maeyer, Philippe, Buchmann, Nina, Feigenwinter, Iris, Olesen, Jørgen E., Juszczak, Radoslaw, Jacotot, Adrien, Korrensalo, Aino, Pitacco, Andrea, Varlagin, Andrej, Shekhar, Ankit, Lohila, Annalea, Carrara, Arnaud, Brut, Aurore, Kruijt, Bart, Loubet, Benjamin, Heinesch, Bernard, Chojnicki, Bogdan, Helfter, Carole, Vincke, Caroline, Shao, Changliang, Bernhofer, Christian, Brümmer, Christian, Wille, Christian, Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina, Nemitz, Eiko, Meggio, Franco, Dong, Gang, Lanigan, Gary, Niedrist, Georg, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Zhou, Guoyi, Goded, Ignacio, Gruenwald, Thomas, Olejnik, Janusz, Jansen, Joachim, Neirynck, Johan, Tuovinen, Juha-Pekka, Zhang, Junhui, Klumpp, Katja, Pilegaard, Kim, Šigut, Ladislav, Klemedtsson, Leif, Tezza, Luca, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Urbaniak, Marek, Roland, Marilyn, Schmidt, Marius, Sutton, Mark A., Hehn, Markus, Saunders, Matthew, Mauder, Matthias, Aurela, Mika, Korkiakoski, Mika, Du, Mingyuan, Vendrame, Nadia, Kowalska, Natalia, Leahy, Paul G., Alekseychik, Pavel, Shi, Peili, Weslien, Per, Chen, Shiping, Fares, Silvano, Friborg, Thomas, Tallec, Tiphaine, Kato, Tomomichi, Sachs, Torsten, Maximov, Trofim, di Cella, Umberto Morra, Moderow, Uta, Li, Yingnian, He, Yongtao, Kosugi, Yoshiko, and Luo, Geping

Published
2023
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5. Mitigation and Adaptation for Climate Change: The Role of BioCities and Nature-Based Solutions

Author

Fares, Silvano, Georgiadis, Teodoro, Sæbø, Arne, Somers, Ben, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Beele, Eva, Tognetti, Roberto, Scarascia-Mugnozza, Giuseppe E., Ahern, Jack, Editorial Board Member, Bolte, John, Editorial Board Member, Dawson, Richard J., Editorial Board Member, Devine-Wright, Patrick, Editorial Board Member, Farina, Almo, Editorial Board Member, Green, Ray, Editorial Board Member, Guntenspergen, Glenn R., Editorial Board Member, Haase, Dagmar, Editorial Board Member, Jenks, Mike, Editorial Board Member, Konijnendijk, Cecil C., Series Editor, Nassauer, Joan, Editorial Board Member, Pauleit, Stephan, Editorial Board Member, Pickett, Steward, Editorial Board Member, Vale, Robert, Editorial Board Member, Yeang, Ken, Editorial Board Member, Yokohari, Makoto, Editorial Board Member, Scarascia-Mugnozza, Giuseppe E., editor, Guallart, Vicente, editor, Salbitano, Fabio, editor, Ottaviani Aalmo, Giovanna, editor, and Boeri, Stefano, editor

Published
2023
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6. Towards the Development of a Conceptual Framework of BioCities

Author

Guallart, Vicente, Salka, Michael, Ibañez, Daniel, Salbitano, Fabio, Fares, Silvano, Sæbo, Arne, Boeri, Stefano, Shamir, Livia, De Marco, Lucrezia, Paoli, Sofia, Pastore, Maria Chiara, Wilkes-Allemann, Jerylee, Brantschen, Evelyn Coleman, Živojinović, Ivana, Ahern, Jack, Editorial Board Member, Bolte, John, Editorial Board Member, Dawson, Richard J., Editorial Board Member, Devine-Wright, Patrick, Editorial Board Member, Farina, Almo, Editorial Board Member, Green, Ray, Editorial Board Member, Guntenspergen, Glenn R., Editorial Board Member, Haase, Dagmar, Editorial Board Member, Jenks, Mike, Editorial Board Member, Konijnendijk, Cecil C., Series Editor, Nassauer, Joan, Editorial Board Member, Pauleit, Stephan, Editorial Board Member, Pickett, Steward, Editorial Board Member, Vale, Robert, Editorial Board Member, Yeang, Ken, Editorial Board Member, Yokohari, Makoto, Editorial Board Member, Scarascia-Mugnozza, Giuseppe E., editor, Guallart, Vicente, editor, Salbitano, Fabio, editor, Ottaviani Aalmo, Giovanna, editor, and Boeri, Stefano, editor

Published
2023
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7. Representativeness of Eddy-Covariance flux footprints for areas surrounding AmeriFlux sites

Author

Chu, Housen, Luo, Xiangzhong, Ouyang, Zutao, Chan, W Stephen, Dengel, Sigrid, Biraud, Sébastien C, Torn, Margaret S, Metzger, Stefan, Kumar, Jitendra, Arain, M Altaf, Arkebauer, Tim J, Baldocchi, Dennis, Bernacchi, Carl, Billesbach, Dave, Black, T Andrew, Blanken, Peter D, Bohrer, Gil, Bracho, Rosvel, Brown, Shannon, Brunsell, Nathaniel A, Chen, Jiquan, Chen, Xingyuan, Clark, Kenneth, Desai, Ankur R, Duman, Tomer, Durden, David, Fares, Silvano, Forbrich, Inke, Gamon, John A, Gough, Christopher M, Griffis, Timothy, Helbig, Manuel, Hollinger, David, Humphreys, Elyn, Ikawa, Hiroki, Iwata, Hiroki, Ju, Yang, Knowles, John F, Knox, Sara H, Kobayashi, Hideki, Kolb, Thomas, Law, Beverly, Lee, Xuhui, Litvak, Marcy, Liu, Heping, Munger, J William, Noormets, Asko, Novick, Kim, Oberbauer, Steven F, Oechel, Walter, Oikawa, Patty, Papuga, Shirley A, Pendall, Elise, Prajapati, Prajaya, Prueger, John, Quinton, William L, Richardson, Andrew D, Russell, Eric S, Scott, Russell L, Starr, Gregory, Staebler, Ralf, Stoy, Paul C, Stuart-Haëntjens, Ellen, Sonnentag, Oliver, Sullivan, Ryan C, Suyker, Andy, Ueyama, Masahito, Vargas, Rodrigo, Wood, Jeffrey D, and Zona, Donatella

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Flux footprint, Spatial representativeness, Landsat EVI, Land cover, Sensor location bias, Model-data benchmarking, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences, Biological sciences, Earth sciences
Abstract

Large datasets of greenhouse gas and energy surface-atmosphere fluxes measured with the eddy-covariance technique (e.g., FLUXNET2015, AmeriFlux BASE) are widely used to benchmark models and remote-sensing products. This study addresses one of the major challenges facing model-data integration: To what spatial extent do flux measurements taken at individual eddy-covariance sites reflect model- or satellite-based grid cells? We evaluate flux footprints—the temporally dynamic source areas that contribute to measured fluxes—and the representativeness of these footprints for target areas (e.g., within 250–3000 m radii around flux towers) that are often used in flux-data synthesis and modeling studies. We examine the land-cover composition and vegetation characteristics, represented here by the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), in the flux footprints and target areas across 214 AmeriFlux sites, and evaluate potential biases as a consequence of the footprint-to-target-area mismatch. Monthly 80% footprint climatologies vary across sites and through time ranging four orders of magnitude from 103 to 107 m2 due to the measurement heights, underlying vegetation- and ground-surface characteristics, wind directions, and turbulent state of the atmosphere. Few eddy-covariance sites are located in a truly homogeneous landscape. Thus, the common model-data integration approaches that use a fixed-extent target area across sites introduce biases on the order of 4%–20% for EVI and 6%–20% for the dominant land cover percentage. These biases are site-specific functions of measurement heights, target area extents, and land-surface characteristics. We advocate that flux datasets need to be used with footprint awareness, especially in research and applications that benchmark against models and data products with explicit spatial information. We propose a simple representativeness index based on our evaluations that can be used as a guide to identify site-periods suitable for specific applications and to provide general guidance for data use.

Published
2021

8. Detection and attribution of an anomaly in terrestrial photosynthesis in Europe during the COVID-19 lockdown

Author

Tang, Angela Che Ing, Flechard, Christophe R., Arriga, Nicola, Papale, Dario, Stoy, Paul C., Buchmann, Nina, Cuntz, Matthias, Douros, John, Fares, Silvano, Knohl, Alexander, Šigut, Ladislav, Simioni, Guillaume, Timmermans, Renske, Grünwald, Thomas, Ibrom, Andreas, Loubet, Benjamin, Mammarella, Ivan, Belelli Marchesini, Luca, Nilsson, Mats, Peichl, Matthias, Rebmann, Corinna, Schmidt, Marius, Bernhofer, Christian, Berveiller, Daniel, Cremonese, Edoardo, El-Madany, Tarek S., Gharun, Mana, Gianelle, Damiano, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Roland, Marilyn, Varlagin, Andrej, Fu, Zheng, Heinesch, Bernard, Janssens, Ivan, Kowalska, Natalia, Dušek, Jiří, Gerosa, Giacomo, Mölder, Meelis, Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina, and Loustau, Denis

Published
2023
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11. Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data.

Author

Pastorello, Gilberto, Trotta, Carlo, Canfora, Eleonora, Chu, Housen, Christianson, Danielle, Cheah, You-Wei, Poindexter, Cristina, Chen, Jiquan, Elbashandy, Abdelrahman, Humphrey, Marty, Isaac, Peter, Polidori, Diego, Reichstein, Markus, Ribeca, Alessio, van Ingen, Catharine, Vuichard, Nicolas, Zhang, Leiming, Amiro, Brian, Ammann, Christof, Arain, M Altaf, Ardö, Jonas, Arkebauer, Timothy, Arndt, Stefan K, Arriga, Nicola, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Baldocchi, Dennis, Barr, Alan, Beamesderfer, Eric, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, Bergeron, Onil, Beringer, Jason, Bernhofer, Christian, Berveiller, Daniel, Billesbach, Dave, Black, Thomas Andrew, Blanken, Peter D, Bohrer, Gil, Boike, Julia, Bolstad, Paul V, Bonal, Damien, Bonnefond, Jean-Marc, Bowling, David R, Bracho, Rosvel, Brodeur, Jason, Brümmer, Christian, Buchmann, Nina, Burban, Benoit, Burns, Sean P, Buysse, Pauline, Cale, Peter, Cavagna, Mauro, Cellier, Pierre, Chen, Shiping, Chini, Isaac, Christensen, Torben R, Cleverly, James, Collalti, Alessio, Consalvo, Claudia, Cook, Bruce D, Cook, David, Coursolle, Carole, Cremonese, Edoardo, Curtis, Peter S, D'Andrea, Ettore, da Rocha, Humberto, Dai, Xiaoqin, Davis, Kenneth J, De Cinti, Bruno, de Grandcourt, Agnes, De Ligne, Anne, De Oliveira, Raimundo C, Delpierre, Nicolas, Desai, Ankur R, Di Bella, Carlos Marcelo, di Tommasi, Paul, Dolman, Han, Domingo, Francisco, Dong, Gang, Dore, Sabina, Duce, Pierpaolo, Dufrêne, Eric, Dunn, Allison, Dušek, Jiří, Eamus, Derek, Eichelmann, Uwe, ElKhidir, Hatim Abdalla M, Eugster, Werner, Ewenz, Cacilia M, Ewers, Brent, Famulari, Daniela, Fares, Silvano, Feigenwinter, Iris, Feitz, Andrew, Fensholt, Rasmus, Filippa, Gianluca, Fischer, Marc, Frank, John, Galvagno, Marta, and Gharun, Mana

Abstract

The following authors were omitted from the original version of this Data Descriptor: Markus Reichstein and Nicolas Vuichard. Both contributed to the code development and N. Vuichard contributed to the processing of the ERA-Interim data downscaling. Furthermore, the contribution of the co-author Frank Tiedemann was re-evaluated relative to the colleague Corinna Rebmann, both working at the same sites, and based on this re-evaluation a substitution in the co-author list is implemented (with Rebmann replacing Tiedemann). Finally, two affiliations were listed incorrectly and are corrected here (entries 190 and 193). The author list and affiliations have been amended to address these omissions in both the HTML and PDF versions.

Published
2021

12. The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data.

Author

Pastorello, Gilberto, Trotta, Carlo, Canfora, Eleonora, Chu, Housen, Christianson, Danielle, Cheah, You-Wei, Poindexter, Cristina, Chen, Jiquan, Elbashandy, Abdelrahman, Humphrey, Marty, Isaac, Peter, Polidori, Diego, Reichstein, Markus, Ribeca, Alessio, van Ingen, Catharine, Vuichard, Nicolas, Zhang, Leiming, Amiro, Brian, Ammann, Christof, Arain, M Altaf, Ardö, Jonas, Arkebauer, Timothy, Arndt, Stefan K, Arriga, Nicola, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Baldocchi, Dennis, Barr, Alan, Beamesderfer, Eric, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, Bergeron, Onil, Beringer, Jason, Bernhofer, Christian, Berveiller, Daniel, Billesbach, Dave, Black, Thomas Andrew, Blanken, Peter D, Bohrer, Gil, Boike, Julia, Bolstad, Paul V, Bonal, Damien, Bonnefond, Jean-Marc, Bowling, David R, Bracho, Rosvel, Brodeur, Jason, Brümmer, Christian, Buchmann, Nina, Burban, Benoit, Burns, Sean P, Buysse, Pauline, Cale, Peter, Cavagna, Mauro, Cellier, Pierre, Chen, Shiping, Chini, Isaac, Christensen, Torben R, Cleverly, James, Collalti, Alessio, Consalvo, Claudia, Cook, Bruce D, Cook, David, Coursolle, Carole, Cremonese, Edoardo, Curtis, Peter S, D'Andrea, Ettore, da Rocha, Humberto, Dai, Xiaoqin, Davis, Kenneth J, Cinti, Bruno De, Grandcourt, Agnes de, Ligne, Anne De, De Oliveira, Raimundo C, Delpierre, Nicolas, Desai, Ankur R, Di Bella, Carlos Marcelo, Tommasi, Paul di, Dolman, Han, Domingo, Francisco, Dong, Gang, Dore, Sabina, Duce, Pierpaolo, Dufrêne, Eric, Dunn, Allison, Dušek, Jiří, Eamus, Derek, Eichelmann, Uwe, ElKhidir, Hatim Abdalla M, Eugster, Werner, Ewenz, Cacilia M, Ewers, Brent, Famulari, Daniela, Fares, Silvano, Feigenwinter, Iris, Feitz, Andrew, Fensholt, Rasmus, Filippa, Gianluca, Fischer, Marc, Frank, John, Galvagno, Marta, and Gharun, Mana

Abstract

The FLUXNET2015 dataset provides ecosystem-scale data on CO2, water, and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and other meteorological and biological measurements, from 212 sites around the globe (over 1500 site-years, up to and including year 2014). These sites, independently managed and operated, voluntarily contributed their data to create global datasets. Data were quality controlled and processed using uniform methods, to improve consistency and intercomparability across sites. The dataset is already being used in a number of applications, including ecophysiology studies, remote sensing studies, and development of ecosystem and Earth system models. FLUXNET2015 includes derived-data products, such as gap-filled time series, ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic uptake estimates, estimation of uncertainties, and metadata about the measurements, presented for the first time in this paper. In addition, 206 of these sites are for the first time distributed under a Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license. This paper details this enhanced dataset and the processing methods, now made available as open-source codes, making the dataset more accessible, transparent, and reproducible.

Published
2020

13. Dry Deposition of Ozone Over Land: Processes, Measurement, and Modeling

Author

Clifton, Olivia E, Fiore, Arlene M, Massman, William J, Baublitz, Colleen B, Coyle, Mhairi, Emberson, Lisa, Fares, Silvano, Farmer, Delphine K, Gentine, Pierre, Gerosa, Giacomo, Guenther, Alex B, Helmig, Detlev, Lombardozzi, Danica L, Munger, J William, Patton, Edward G, Pusede, Sally E, Schwede, Donna B, Silva, Sam J, Sörgel, Matthias, Steiner, Allison L, and Tai, Amos PK

Subjects
Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions, Climate Action, dry deposition, tropospheric ozone, air pollution, stomatal conductance, eddy covariance, land-atmosphere interactions, Biosphere/atmosphere interactions, Constituent sources and sinks, Pollution: urban and regional, Troposphere: composition and chemistry, Biogeochemical cycles, processes and modeling, Dry deposition, Physical Sciences, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Dry deposition of ozone is an important sink of ozone in near surface air. When dry deposition occurs through plant stomata, ozone can injure the plant, altering water and carbon cycling and reducing crop yields. Quantifying both stomatal and nonstomatal uptake accurately is relevant for understanding ozone's impact on human health as an air pollutant and on climate as a potent short-lived greenhouse gas and primary control on the removal of several reactive greenhouse gases and air pollutants. Robust ozone dry deposition estimates require knowledge of the relative importance of individual deposition pathways, but spatiotemporal variability in nonstomatal deposition is poorly understood. Here we integrate understanding of ozone deposition processes by synthesizing research from fields such as atmospheric chemistry, ecology, and meteorology. We critically review methods for measurements and modeling, highlighting the empiricism that underpins modeling and thus the interpretation of observations. Our unprecedented synthesis of knowledge on deposition pathways, particularly soil and leaf cuticles, reveals process understanding not yet included in widely-used models. If coordinated with short-term field intensives, laboratory studies, and mechanistic modeling, measurements from a few long-term sites would bridge the molecular to ecosystem scales necessary to establish the relative importance of individual deposition pathways and the extent to which they vary in space and time. Our recommended approaches seek to close knowledge gaps that currently limit quantifying the impact of ozone dry deposition on air quality, ecosystems, and climate.

Published
2020

15. Reading tea leaves worldwide: Decoupled drivers of initial litter decomposition mass‐loss rate and stabilization

Author

Sarneel, Judith M., primary, Hefting, Mariet M., additional, Sandén, Taru, additional, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Routh, Devin, additional, Adhikari, Bhupendra S., additional, Alatalo, Juha M., additional, Aleksanyan, Alla, additional, Althuizen, Inge H. J., additional, Alsafran, Mohammed H. S. A., additional, Atkins, Jeff W., additional, Augusto, Laurent, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Azarov, Aleksej V., additional, Barrio, Isabel C., additional, Beier, Claus, additional, Bejarano, María D., additional, Benham, Sue E., additional, Berg, Björn, additional, Bezler, Nadezhda V., additional, Björnsdóttir, Katrín, additional, Bolinder, Martin A., additional, Carbognani, Michele, additional, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, additional, Chelli, Stefano, additional, Chistotin, Maxim V., additional, Christiansen, Casper T., additional, Courtois, Pascal, additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Dechoum, Michele S., additional, Djukic, Ika, additional, Duddigan, Sarah, additional, Egerton‐Warburton, Louise M., additional, Fanin, Nicolas, additional, Fantappiè, Maria, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Fernandes, Geraldo W., additional, Filippova, Nina V., additional, Fliessbach, Andreas, additional, Fuentes, David, additional, Godoy, Roberto, additional, Grünwald, Thomas, additional, Guzmán, Gema, additional, Hawes, Joseph E., additional, He, Yue, additional, Hero, Jean‐Marc, additional, Hess, Laura L., additional, Hogendoorn, Katja, additional, Høye, Toke T., additional, Jans, Wilma W. P., additional, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., additional, Keller, Sabina, additional, Kepfer‐Rojas, Sebastian, additional, Kuz'menko, Natalya N., additional, Larsen, Klaus S., additional, Laudon, Hjalmar, additional, Lembrechts, Jonas J., additional, Li, Junhui, additional, Limousin, Jean‐Marc, additional, Lukin, Sergey M., additional, Marques, Renato, additional, Marín, César, additional, McDaniel, Marshall D., additional, Meek, Qi, additional, Merzlaya, Genrietta E., additional, Michelsen, Anders, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Mueller, Peter, additional, Murugan, Rajasekaran, additional, Myers‐Smith, Isla H., additional, Nolte, Stefanie, additional, Ochoa‐Hueso, Raúl, additional, Okafor, Bernard N., additional, Okorkov, Vladimir V., additional, Onipchenko, Vladimir G., additional, Orozco, María C., additional, Parkhurst, Tina, additional, Peres, Carlos A., additional, Petit Bon, Matteo, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Pingel, Martin, additional, Rebmann, Corinna, additional, Scheffers, Brett R., additional, Schmidt, Inger, additional, Scholes, Mary C., additional, Sheffer, Efrat, additional, Shevtsova, Lyudmila K., additional, Smith, Stuart W., additional, Sofo, Adriano, additional, Stevenson, Pablo R., additional, Strouhalová, Barbora, additional, Sundsdal, Anders, additional, Sühs, Rafael B., additional, Tamene, Gebretsadik, additional, Thomas, Haydn J. D., additional, Tolunay, Duygu, additional, Tomaselli, Marcello, additional, Tresch, Simon, additional, Tucker, Dominique L., additional, Ulyshen, Michael D., additional, Valdecantos, Alejandro, additional, Vandvik, Vigdis, additional, Vanguelova, Elena I., additional, Verheyen, Kris, additional, Wang, Xuhui, additional, Yahdjian, Laura, additional, Yumashev, Xaris S., additional, and Keuskamp, Joost A., additional

Published
2024
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17. Altered energy partitioning across terrestrial ecosystems in the European drought year 2018

Author

Graf, Alexander, Klosterhalfen, Anne, Arriga, Nicola, Bernhofer, Christian, Bogena, Heye, Bornet, Frédéric, Brüggemann, Nicolas, Brümmer, Christian, Buchmann, Nina, Chi, Jinshu, Chipeaux, Christophe, Cremonese, Edoardo, Cuntz, Matthias, Dušek, Jiří, El-Madany, Tarek S., Fares, Silvano, Fischer, Milan, Foltýnová, Lenka, Gharun, Mana, Ghiasi, Shiva, Gielen, Bert, Gottschalk, Pia, Grünwald, Thomas, Heinemann, Günther, Heinesch, Bernard, Heliasz, Michal, Holst, Jutta, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Ibrom, Andreas, Ingwersen, Joachim, Jurasinski, Gerald, Klatt, Janina, Knohl, Alexander, Koebsch, Franziska, Konopka, Jan, Korkiakoski, Mika, Kowalska, Natalia, Kremer, Pascal, Kruijt, Bart, Lafont, Sebastien, Léonard, Joël, De Ligne, Anne, Longdoz, Bernard, Loustau, Denis, Magliulo, Vincenzo, Mammarella, Ivan, Manca, Giovanni, Mauder, Matthias, Migliavacca, Mirco, Mölder, Meelis, Neirynck, Johan, Ney, Patrizia, Nilsson, Mats, Paul-Limoges, Eugénie, Peichl, Matthias, Pitacco, Andrea, Poyda, Arne, Rebmann, Corinna, Roland, Marilyn, Sachs, Torsten, Schmidt, Marius, Schrader, Frederik, Siebicke, Lukas, Šigut, Ladislav, Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina, Varlagin, Andrej, Vendrame, Nadia, Vincke, Caroline, Völksch, Ingo, Weber, Stephan, Wille, Christian, Wizemann, Hans-Dieter, Zeeman, Matthias, and Vereecken, Harry

Published
2020

18. Sensitivity of gross primary productivity to climatic drivers during the summer drought of 2018 in Europe

Author

Fu, Zheng, Ciais, Philippe, Bastos, Ana, Stoy, Paul C., Yang, Hui, Green, Julia K., Wang, Bingxue, Yu, Kailiang, Huang, Yuanyuan, Knohl, Alexander, Šigut, Ladislav, Gharun, Mana, Cuntz, Matthias, Arriga, Nicola, Roland, Marilyn, Peichl, Matthias, Migliavacca, Mirco, Cremonese, Edoardo, Varlagin, Andrej, Brümmer, Christian, de la Motte, Louis Gourlez, Fares, Silvano, Buchmann, Nina, El-Madany, Tarek S., Pitacco, Andrea, Vendrame, Nadia, Li, Zhaolei, Vincke, Caroline, Magliulo, Enzo, and Koebsch, Franziska

Published
2020

19. Synthetic ozone deposition and stomatal uptake at flux tower sites

Author

Ducker, Jason A, Holmes, Christopher D, Keenan, Trevor F, Fares, Silvano, Goldstein, Allen H, Mammarella, Ivan, Munger, J William, and Schnell, Jordan

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Biological Sciences, Life on Land, Environmental Sciences, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Ecology, Physical geography and environmental geoscience, Environmental management
Abstract

We develop and evaluate a method to estimate O3 deposition and stomatal O3 uptake across networks of eddy covariance flux tower sites where O3 concentrations and O3 fluxes have not been measured. The method combines standard micrometeorological flux measurements, which constrain O3 deposition velocity and stomatal conductance, with a gridded dataset of observed surface O3 concentrations. Measurement errors are propagated through all calculations to quantify O3 flux uncertainties. We evaluate the method at three sites with O3 flux measurements: Harvard Forest, Blodgett Forest, and Hyytiälä Forest. The method reproduces 83% or more of the variability in daily stomatal uptake at these sites with modest mean bias (21% or less). At least 95% of daily average values agree with measurements within a factor of 2 and, according to the error analysis, the residual differences from measured O3 fluxes are consistent with the uncertainty in the underlying measurements. The product, called synthetic O3 flux or SynFlux, includes 43 FLUXNET sites in the United States and 60 sites in Europe, totaling 926 site years of data. This dataset, which is now public, dramatically expands the number and types of sites where O3 fluxes can be used for ecosystem impact studies and evaluation of air quality and climate models. Across these sites, the mean stomatal conductance and O3 deposition velocity is 0.03-1.0cms-1. The stomatal O3 flux during the growing season (typically April-September) is 0.5-11.0nmol O3m-2s-1 with a mean of 4.5nmol O3m-2s-1 and the largest fluxes generally occur where stomatal conductance is high, rather than where O3 concentrations are high. The conductance differences across sites can be explained by atmospheric humidity, soil moisture, vegetation type, irrigation, and land management. These stomatal fluxes suggest that ambient O3 degrades biomass production and CO2 sequestration by 20%-24% at crop sites, 6%-29% at deciduous broadleaf forests, and 4%-20% at evergreen needleleaf forests in the United States and Europe.

Published
2018

20. Research into land atmosphere interactions supports the Sustainable Development agenda

Author

Hayman, Garry, primary, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Ghude, Sachin D., additional, Blyth, Eleanor, additional, Sinha, Vinayak, additional, Archibald, Sally, additional, Ashworth, Kirsti, additional, Barlow, Victoria, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Feig, Gregor, additional, Hiyama, Tetsuya, additional, Jin, Jiming, additional, Juhola, Sirkku, additional, Lee, Meehye, additional, Leuzinger, Sebastian, additional, Mahecha, Miguel D., additional, Meng, Xianhong, additional, Odee, David, additional, Purser, Gemma, additional, Sato, Hisashi, additional, Saxena, Pallavi, additional, Semeena, Valiyaveetil S., additional, Steiner, Allison, additional, Wang, Xuemei, additional, and Wolff, Stefan, additional

Published
2024
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24. Observations of Diurnal to Weekly Variations of Monoterpene-Dominated Fluxes of Volatile Organic Compounds from Mediterranean Forests: Implications for Regional Modeling

Author

Fares, Silvano, Schnitzhofer, Ralf, Jiang, Xiaoyan, Guenther, Alex, Hansel, Armin, and Loreto, Francesco

Subjects
Climate Action, Acetone, Italy, Methanol, Models, Theoretical, Monoterpenes, Pinus, Quercus, Time Factors, Trees, Volatile Organic Compounds, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

The Estate of Castelporziano (Rome, Italy) hosts many ecosystems representative of Mediterranean vegetation, especially holm oak and pine forests and dune vegetation. In this work, basal emission factors (BEFs) of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) obtained by Eddy Covariance in a field campaign using a proton transfer reaction-time-of-flight-mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) were compared to BEFs reported in previous studies that could not measure fluxes in real-time. Globally, broadleaf forests are dominated by isoprene emissions, but these Mediterranean ecosystems are dominated by strong monoterpene emitters, as shown by the new BEFs. The original and new BEFs were used to parametrize the model of emissions of gases and aerosols from nature (MEGAN v2.1), and model outputs were compared with measured fluxes. Results showed good agreement between modeled and measured fluxes when a model was used to predict radiative transfer and energy balance across the canopy. We then evaluated whether changes in BVOC emissions can affect the chemistry of the atmosphere and climate at a regional level. MEGAN was run together with the land surface model (community land model, CLM v4.0) of the community earth system model (CESM v1.0). Results highlighted that tropospheric ozone concentration and air temperature predicted from the model are sensitive to the magnitude of BVOC emissions, thus demonstrating the importance of adopting the proper BEF values for model parametrization.

Published
2013

25. Carbon Sequestration by Urban Trees

Author

Fares, Silvano, Paoletti, Elena, Calfapietra, Carlo, Mikkelsen, Teis N., Samson, Roeland, Le Thiec, Didier, Ahern, Jack, Advisory board, Bolte, John, Advisory board, Dawson, Richard J., Advisory board, Devine-Wright, Patrick, Advisory board, Green, Raymond James, Advisory board, Guntenspergen, Glenn R., Advisory board, Haase, Dagmar, Advisory board, Jenks, Mike, Advisory board, Konijnendijk, Cecil C., Series editor, Nassauer, Joan, Advisory board, Pauleit, Stephan, Advisory board, Pickett, Steward, Advisory board, Vale, Robert, Advisory board, van Bueren, Ellen M., Advisory board, Yeang, Ken, Advisory board, Yokohari, Makoto, Advisory board, Pearlmutter, David, editor, Calfapietra, Carlo, editor, Samson, Roeland, editor, O'Brien, Liz, editor, Krajter Ostoić, Silvija, editor, Sanesi, Giovanni, editor, and Alonso del Amo, Rocío, editor

Published
2017
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26. Urban Trees and Their Relation to Air Pollution

Author

Samson, Roeland, Grote, Rüdiger, Calfapietra, Carlo, Cariñanos, Paloma, Fares, Silvano, Paoletti, Elena, Tiwary, Abhishek, Ahern, Jack, Advisory board, Bolte, John, Advisory board, Dawson, Richard J., Advisory board, Devine-Wright, Patrick, Advisory board, Green, Raymond James, Advisory board, Guntenspergen, Glenn R., Advisory board, Haase, Dagmar, Advisory board, Jenks, Mike, Advisory board, Konijnendijk, Cecil C., Series editor, Nassauer, Joan, Advisory board, Pauleit, Stephan, Advisory board, Pickett, Steward, Advisory board, Vale, Robert, Advisory board, van Bueren, Ellen M., Advisory board, Yeang, Ken, Advisory board, Yokohari, Makoto, Advisory board, Pearlmutter, David, editor, Calfapietra, Carlo, editor, Samson, Roeland, editor, O'Brien, Liz, editor, Krajter Ostoić, Silvija, editor, Sanesi, Giovanni, editor, and Alonso del Amo, Rocío, editor

Published
2017
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27. Species-Specific Information for Enhancing Ecosystem Services

Author

Samson, Roeland, Ningal, Tine F., Tiwary, Abhishek, Grote, Rüdiger, Fares, Silvano, Saaroni, Hadas, Hiemstra, Jelle A., Zhiyanski, Miglena, Vilhar, Urša, Cariñanos, Paloma, Järvi, Leena, Przybysz, Arkadiusz, Moretti, Marco, Zürcher, Naomi, Ahern, Jack, Advisory board, Bolte, John, Advisory board, Dawson, Richard J., Advisory board, Devine-Wright, Patrick, Advisory board, Green, Raymond James, Advisory board, Guntenspergen, Glenn R., Advisory board, Haase, Dagmar, Advisory board, Jenks, Mike, Advisory board, Konijnendijk, Cecil C., Series editor, Nassauer, Joan, Advisory board, Pauleit, Stephan, Advisory board, Pickett, Steward, Advisory board, Vale, Robert, Advisory board, van Bueren, Ellen M., Advisory board, Yeang, Ken, Advisory board, Yokohari, Makoto, Advisory board, Pearlmutter, David, editor, Calfapietra, Carlo, editor, Samson, Roeland, editor, O'Brien, Liz, editor, Krajter Ostoić, Silvija, editor, Sanesi, Giovanni, editor, and Alonso del Amo, Rocío, editor

Published
2017
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29. Functional traits of urban trees: air pollution mitigation potential

Author

Grote, Rüdiger, Samson, Roeland, Alonso, Rocío, Amorim, Jorge Humberto, Cariñanos, Paloma, Churkina, Galina, Fares, Silvano, Le Thiec, Didier, Niinemets, Ülo, Mikkelsen, Teis Norgaard, Paoletti, Elena, Tiwary, Abhishek, and Calfapietra, Carlo

Published
2016

32. Linee Guida, Indicatori, Protocolli & Modelli. Esiti del progetto di ricerca PRIN EUFORICC

Author

Sgrigna, Gregorio, Calfapietra, Carlo, Agrimi, Mariagrazia, Salbitano, Fabio, Travaglini, Davide, Sanesi, Giovanni, Panno, Angelo, Lasserre, Bruno, Di Pirro, Elena, Theodorou, Annalisa, Spano, Giuseppina, Pace, Rocco, Alicandri, Enrica, Fares, Silvano, Claudia, Cocozza, Mondanelli, Lucia, Sallustio, Lorenzo, Marchetti, Marco, Carrus, Giuseppe, Kuzminsky, Elena, Masini, Emanuela, Moresi, Federico Valerio, Portoghesi, Luigi, Proto, Andrea Rosario, and Tomao, Antonio

Subjects
guide lines, green areas, urban forests, management / monitoring / planning, indicators
Abstract

Esiti del progetto PRIN EUFORICC -Establishing Urban FORest based solutions In Changing Cities: a)Linee Guida -Esperienze di ricerca e indicazioni operative dedicate alla realtà degli ambienti urbani italiani e mediterranei per la realizzazione, manutenzione e riqualificazione di foreste urbane e infrastrutture verdi. b) Indicatori -Indicatori per il monitoraggio della performance delle foreste urbane nell’ottica dell’ottimizzazione dei servizi ecosistemici e della minimizzazione dei disservizi. c) Protocolli e Modelli - Compendio di metodologie pratiche e modelli per il supporto nel monitoraggio degli indicatori e nella gestione e pianificazione del verde urbano. &nbsp

Published
2023
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38. The effect of relative humidity on eddy covariance latent heat flux measurements and its implication for partitioning into transpiration and evaporation

Author

Zhang, Weijie, primary, Jung, Martin, additional, Migliavacca, Mirco, additional, Poyatos, Rafael, additional, Miralles, Diego G., additional, El-Madany, Tarek S., additional, Galvagno, Marta, additional, Carrara, Arnaud, additional, Arriga, Nicola, additional, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Mammarella, Ivan, additional, Papale, Dario, additional, Cleverly, Jamie R., additional, Liddell, Michael, additional, Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional, Markwitz, Christian, additional, Mauder, Matthias, additional, Paul-Limoges, Eugenie, additional, Schmidt, Marius, additional, Wolf, Sebastian, additional, Brümmer, Christian, additional, Arain, M. Altaf, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Kato, Tomomichi, additional, Ardö, Jonas, additional, Oechel, Walter, additional, Hanson, Chad, additional, Korkiakoski, Mika, additional, Biraud, Sébastien, additional, Steinbrecher, Rainer, additional, Billesbach, Dave, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Woodgate, William, additional, Shao, Changliang, additional, Carvalhais, Nuno, additional, Reichstein, Markus, additional, and Nelson, Jacob A., additional

Published
2023
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41. Leaf-level coordination principles propagate to the ecosystem scale

Author

Gomarasca, Ulisse, primary, Migliavacca, Mirco, additional, Kattge, Jens, additional, Nelson, Jacob, additional, Niinemets, Ülo, additional, Wirth, Christian, additional, Cescatti, Alessandro, additional, Bahn, Michael, additional, Nair, Richard, additional, Acosta, Alicia, additional, Arain, Altaf, additional, Beloiu, Mirela, additional, Black, Thomas, additional, Bruun, Hans Henrik, additional, Bucher, Franziska, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Carrara, Arnaud, additional, Byun, Chaeho, additional, Conte, Adriano, additional, Silva, Ana da, additional, Duveiller, Gregory, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Knohl, Alexander, additional, Komac, Benjamin, additional, Limousin, Jean-Marc, additional, Lusk, Christopher, additional, Mahecha, Miguel, additional, Martini, David, additional, Minden, Vanessa, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Mori, Akira, additional, Onoda, Yukuke, additional, Penuelas, Josep, additional, Perez-Priego, Oscar, additional, Poschlod, Peter, additional, Powell, Thomas, additional, Reich, Peter, additional, Šigut, Ladislav, additional, Bodegom, Peter van, additional, Walther, Sophia, additional, Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional, Wright, Ian, additional, and Reichstein, Markus, additional

Published
2023
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42. Detection and Attribution of an Anomaly in Terrestrial Photosynthesis in Europe During the Covid-19 Lockdown

Author

Tang, Angela C. I., primary, Flechard, Christophe R., additional, Arriga, Nicola, additional, Papale, Dario, additional, Stoy, Paul. C., additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Cuntz, Matthias, additional, Douros, John, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Knohl, Alexander, additional, Šigut, Ladislav, additional, Simioni, Guillaume, additional, Timmermans, Renske, additional, Grünwald, Thomas, additional, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Loubet, Benjamin, additional, Mammarella, Ivan, additional, Belelli Marchesini, Luca, additional, Nilsson, Mats B., additional, Peichl, Matthias, additional, Rebmann, Corinna, additional, Schmidt, Marius, additional, Bernhofer, Christian, additional, Berveiller, Daniel, additional, Cremonese, Edoardo, additional, El-Madany, Tarek S., additional, Gharun, Mana, additional, Gianelle, Damiano, additional, Hörtnagl, Lukas, additional, Roland, Marilyn, additional, Varlagin, Andrej, additional, Fu, Zheng, additional, Heinesch, Bernard, additional, Janssens, Ivan A., additional, Kowalska, Natalia, additional, Dušek, Jiří, additional, Gerosa, Giacomo, additional, Mölder, Meelis, additional, Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina, additional, and Loustau, Denis, additional

Published
2023
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44. Cover Image

Author

Jardine, Kolby J., primary, Dewhirst, Rebecca A., additional, Som, Suman, additional, Lei, Joseph, additional, Tucker, Eliana, additional, Young, Robert P., additional, Portillo‐Estrada, Miguel, additional, Gao, Yu, additional, Su, Luping, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Castanha, Cristina, additional, Scheller, Henrik V., additional, and Mortimer, Jenny C., additional

Published
2022
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47. Plant Volatile Signatures of Growth and Defense during Abiotic Stress

Author

Jardine, Kolby, primary, Dewhirst, Rebecca, additional, Som, Suman, additional, Lei, Joseph, additional, Tucker, Eliana, additional, P, Robert Young, additional, Portillo-Estrada, Miguel, additional, Gao, Yu, additional, Su, Luping, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Castanha, Cristina, additional, and Mortimer, Jenny, additional

Published
2022
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