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Reproductive failure is one of the most important issues for the population at age of procreation and approximately 15% of the couples who try to conceive a baby encounter reproductive difficulties. In this study, we used multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probes for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y to evaluate the aneuploidy incidence in sperm cells. The study group included 35 males with infertility and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) and 20 males with normal fertility and normal semen characteristics for which the conventional cytogenetic investigation using peripheral blood revealed a normal karyotype. The overall chromosome disomy and nulisomy in OAT group was higher than the one identified in the control group. By comparing the incidence of the disomy in the OAT group, the highest incidence was the sex chromosome disomy, followed by the disomy of chromosomes 13, 21 (equal values) and then 18. The nulisomy incidence in the OAT group was higher for sex chromosomes, followed by the nulisomy of autosomes 13, then 21 and 18. As in these days, for patients with OAT, intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is frequently used, it is important to inform the patients if they might have an increased risk of aneuploidies in embryos.

We aim to investigate whether the -759C÷T polymorphism in 5-HTR2C gene was associated with weight change and hyperinsulinemia in Romanian pediatric patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. The patients under investigation were enrolled between 2009 and 2014. A total of 81 schizophrenic and bipolar-disorder patients, aged between nine to 20 years (median age 15.74±4 years), who were following an atypical antipsychotic treatment (Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Olanzapine), were enrolled from University Hospital for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Neurology from Timisoara, Romania. The outcomes that we measured were the changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) from baseline to different time points: three months, six months, 12 months and 18 months, and the change in insulinemia over time, after atypical antipsychotic treatment. After carrying out the 5-HTR2C 759C÷T polymorphism identification, we found that 22 patients presented the -759C÷T polymorphism in 5-HTR2C gene. Between the patients exhibiting the 5-HTR2C -759C÷T polymorphism and the patients having the wild type alleles, there was no significant statistical difference in changes of BMI from baseline to endpoints that indicates the lack of the protective effect of the T allele against atypical antipsychotics-induced weight gain. Interestingly, we found a statistically significant association between insulinemia and T alleles' carriers, after 18 months of treatment with the above-mentioned antipsychotics. Taking into consideration that atypical antipsychotics have been associated with elevated insulin levels and insulin resistance, maybe in the future the -759C÷T polymorphism would find a role in the development of a more complex algorithm for prediction of diabetes mellitus risk, in patients taking atypical antipsychotics.