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3. Whole genome sequencing for diagnosis of neurological repeat expansion disorders

Author

Greenhalgh L, Fowler T, Karen Temple, Kane Smith, Deshpande, Subramanian S. Ajay, Bourn D, Menzies L, James M. Polke, Pasko D, Polychronopoulos D, Augusto Rendon, Pietro Fratta, Madeleine Reilly, Daugherty L, Chitty Ls, Eggleton K, Raymond Fl, Thomas T. Warner, Paul Brennan, Sian Ellard, Denise L. Perry, Jill Davison, A. C. Need, Arianna Tucci, Prasad Korlipara Lv, Mark J. Caulfield, Meriel McEntagart, Huw R. Morris, Kikkeri N. Naresh, Jenny C. Taylor, Patrick F. Chinnery, Anette Schrag, Aditi Chawla, Deans Zc, Henry Houlden, Twiss P, Douglas A, Sheikh I, Jonathan M. Schott, Hill S, Moutsianas L, Nicholas W. Wood, Tanner Hagelstrom, Robinson R, D. Kasperaviciute, Faravelli F, Rajan, Kristina Ibáñez, Antonio Rueda Martin, Emma L. Baple, Robin Howard, Ellen M. McDonagh, Elisabeth Rosser, Oprych K, Richard Festenstein, John A. Sayer, Kailash P. Bhatia, Michael A. Eberle, Andrew D Mumford, Angus-Leppan H, Thomas E, Matilde Laura, McMullan D, Brittain H, Paola Giunti, Richard H. Scott, Wilson G, Taylor Tavares Al, Ryan J. Taft, Patch C, Hyder Z, Robyn Labrum, Almheiri G, Frances Flinter, Egor Dolzhenko, Santos L, Abbs S, William G. Newman, and Jana Vandrovcova

Subjects
Whole genome sequencing, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Genome, Medicine, Social care, False positive rate, Allele, Family history, business, Trinucleotide repeat expansion, Genetic testing
Abstract

BackgroundRepeat expansion (RE) disorders affect ~1 in 3000 individuals and are clinically heterogeneous diseases caused by expansions of short tandem DNA repeats. Genetic testing is often locus-specific, resulting in under diagnosis of atypical clinical presentations, especially in paediatric patients without a prior positive family history. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is emerging as a first-line test for rare genetic disorders, but until recently REs were thought to be undetectable by this approach.MethodsWGS pipelines for RE disorder detection were deployed by the 100,000 Genomes Project and Illumina Clinical Services Laboratory. Performance was retrospectively assessed across the 13 most common neurological RE loci using 793 samples with prior orthogonal testing (182 with expanded alleles and 611 with alleles within normal size) and prospectively interrogated in 13,331 patients with suspected genetic neurological disorders.FindingsWGS RE detection showed minimum 97·3% sensitivity and 99·6% specificity across all 13 disease-associated loci. Applying the pipeline to patients from the 100,000 Genomes Project identified pathogenic repeat expansions which were confirmed in 69 patients, including seven paediatric patients with no reported family history of RE disorders, with a 0.09% false positive rate.InterpretationWe show here for the first time that WGS enables the detection of causative repeat expansions with high sensitivity and specificity, and that it can be used to resolve previously undiagnosed neurological disorders. This includes children with no prior suspicion of a RE disorder. These findings are leading to diagnostic implementation of this analytical pipeline in the NHS Genomic Medicine Centres in England.FundingMedical Research Council, Department of Health and Social Care, National Health Service England, National Institute for Health Research, Illumina Inc

Published
2020

4. Defining the Effect of the 16p11.2 Duplication on Cognition, Behavior, and Medical Comorbidities

Author

D'Angelo, D., Lebon, S., Chen, Q., Martin-Brevet, S., Snyder, L. G., Hippolyte, L., Hanson, E., Maillard, A. M., Faucett, W. A., Mace, A., Pain, A., Bernier, R., Chawner, S. J. R. A., David, A., Andrieux, J., Aylward, E., Baujat, G., Caldeira, I., Conus, P., Ferrari, C., Forzano, F., Gerard, M., Goin-Kochel, R. P., Grant, E., Hunter, J. V., Isidor, B., Jacquette, A., Jonch, A. E., Keren, B., Lacombe, D., Le Caignec, C., Martin, C. L., Mannik, K., Metspalu, A., Mignot, C., Mukherjee, P., Owen, M. J., Passeggeri, M., Rooryck-Thambo, C., Rosenfeld, J. A., Spence, S. J., Steinman, K. J., Tjernagel, J., Van Haelst, M., Shen, Y., Draganski, B., Sherr, E. H., Ledbetter, D. H., van den Bree, M. B. M., Beckmann, J. S., Spiro, J. E., Reymond, A., Jacquemont, S., Chung, W. K., Knoers, N. V. A. M., Martinet, D., Belfiore, M., Cuvellier, J. -C., Devries, B., Delrue, M. -A., Doco-Fenzy, M., Lebel, R., Leheup, B., Lewis, S., Mencarelli, M. A., Minet, J. -C., Vincent-Delorme, C., Moerman, A., Mucciolo, M., Ounap, K., Rajcan-Separovic, E., Renieri, A., Sanlaville, D., Faas, B. H., Koolen, D. A., Vulto-Van Silfhout, A., de Leeuw, N., Rosanfeld, J. A., Filges, I., Achatz, E., Roetzer, K. M., Bonneau, D., Guichet, A., Lazaro, L., Plessis, G., Kroisel, P. M., Reis, A., Jonveaux, P., Chantot-Bastaraud, S., Rauch, A., Demeer, B., Nordgren, A., Labalme, A., Ferrarini, A., Ramelli, G. P., Guilmatre, A., Joly-Helas, G., Haize, S., Layet, V., Le Gallic, S., de Freminville, B., Touraine, R., Van Binsbergen, E., Mathieu-Dramard, M., Barth, M., Blaumeiser, B., Masurel, A., Cailler, P., Olivier-Faivre, L., Malacarne, M., Coutton, C., Dieterich, K., Satre, V., Wallgren-Pettersson, C., Tensgrom, C., Kaksonen, S., Duban-Bedu, B., Holder, M., Rossi, M., Gaillard, D., Bock, D., Bednarek, N., Guillin, O., Bizzarri, V., Flori, E., Silengo, M., Kooy, R. F., Aboura, A., Beri, M., Delobel, B., Drunat, S., Jaros, Z., Kolk, A., Reigo, A., Zufferey, F., Beckmann, N., Faravelli, F., Alupay, H., Aaronson, B., Ackerman, S., Ankenman, K., Anwar, A., Atwell, C., Bowe, A., Beaudet, A. L., Benedetti, M., Berg, J., Berman, J., Berry, L. N., Bibb, A. L., Blaskey, L., Brennan, J., Brewton, C. M., Buckner, R., Bukshpun, P., Burko, J., Cali, P., Cerban, B., Chang, Y., Cheong, M., Chow, V., Chu, Z., Chudnovskaya, D., Cornew, L., Dale, C., Dell, J., Dempsey, A. G., Deschamps, T., Earl, R., Edgar, J., Elgin, J., Endre, J., Evans, Y. L., Findlay, A., Fischbach, G. D., Fisk, C., Fregeau, B., Gaetz, B., Gaetz, L., Garza, S., Gerdts, J., Glenn, O., Gobuty, S. E., Golembski, R., Greenup, M., Heiken, K., Hines, K., Hinkley, L., Jackson, F. I., Jenkins, J., Jeremy, R. J., Johnson, K., Kanne, S. M., Kessler, S., Khan, S. Y., Ku, M., Kuschner, E., Laakman, A. L., Lam, P., Lasala, M. W., Lee, H., La, K., Levy, S., Lian, A., Llorens, A. V., Loftus, K., Luks, T. L., Marco, E. J., Martin, S., Martin, A. J., Marzano, G., Masson, C., Mcgovern, K. E., Keehn, R. M., Miller, D. T., Miller, F. K., Moss, T. J., Murray, R., Nagarajan, S. S., Nowell, K. P., Owen, J., Paal, A. M., Packer, A., Page, P. Z., Paul, B. M., Peters, A., Peterson, D., Poduri, A., Pojman, N. J., Porche, K., Proud, M. B., Qasmieh, S., Ramocki, M. B., Reilly, B., Roberts, T. P. L., Shaw, D., Sinha, T., Smith, B., Snow, A., Swarnakar, V., Thieu, T., Triantafallou, C., Vaughan, R., Wakahiro, M., Wallace, A., Ward, T., Wenegrat, J., Wolken, A., Blaumeiser, Bettina, Kooy, Frank, Other departments, Cardiff University Experiences of Children With Copy Number Variants (ECHO) Study, 16p11.2 European Consortium, Simons Variation in Individuals Project (VIP) Consortium, Knoers, VA., Martinet, D., Belfiore, M., Cuvellier, JC., de Vries, B., Delrue, MA., Doco-Fenzy, M., Lebel, R., Leheup, B., Lewis, S., Mencarelli, MA., Minet, JC., Vincent-Delorme, C., Moerman, A., Mucciolo, M., Ounap, K., Rajcan-Separovic, E., Renieri, A., Sanlaville, D., Faas, BH., Koolen, DA., Vulto-van Silfhout, A., de Leeuw, N., Rosenfeld, JA., Filges, I., Achatz, E., Roetzer, KM., Bonneau, D., Guichet, A., Lazaro, L., Plessis, G., Kroisel, PM., Reis, A., Jonveaux, P., Chantot-Bastaraud, S., Rauch, A., Demeer, B., Nordgren, A., Labalme, A., Ferrarini, A., Ramelli, GP., Guilmatre, A., Joly-Helas, G., Haize, S., Layet, V., Le Gallic, S., de Fréminville, B., Touraine, R., Van Binsbergen, E., Mathieu-Dramard, M., Barth, M., Blaumeiser, B., Masurel, A., Cailler, P., Olivier-Faivre, L., Malacarne, M., Coutton, C., Dieterich, K., Satre, V., Wallgren-Pettersson, C., Tensgrom, C., Kaksonen, S., Duban-Bedu, B., Holder, M., Rossi, M., Gaillard, D., Bock, D., Bednarek, N., Guillin, O., Bizzarri, V., Flori, E., Silengo, M., Kooy, RF., Aboura, A., Beri, M., Delobel, B., Drunat, S., Jaros, Z., Kolk, A., Reigo, A., Zufferey, F., Beckmann, N., Faravelli, F., Alupay, H., Aaronson, B., Ackerman, S., Ankenman, K., Anwar, A., Atwell, C., Bowe, A., Beaudet, AL., Benedetti, M., Berg, J., Berman, J., Berry, LN., Bibb, AL., Blaskey, L., Brennan, J., Brewton, CM., Buckner, R., Bukshpun, P., Burko, J., Cali, P., Cerban, B., Chang, Y., Cheong, M., Chow, V., Chu, Z., Chudnovskaya, D., Cornew, L., Dale, C., Dell, J., Dempsey, AG., Deschamps, T., Earl, R., Edgar, J., Elgin, J., Olson, JE., Evans, YL., Findlay, A., Fischbach, GD., Fisk, C., Fregeau, B., Gaetz, B., Gaetz, L., Garza, S., Gerdts, J., Glenn, O., Gobuty, SE., Golembski, R., Greenup, M., Heiken, K., Hines, K., Hinkley, L., Jackson, FI., Jenkins J.<Suffix>3rd</Suffix>, Jeremy, RJ., Johnson, K., Kanne, SM., Kessler, S., Khan, SY., Ku, M., Kuschner, E., Laakman, AL., Lam, P., Lasala, MW., Lee, H., LaGuerre, K., Levy, S., Lian Cavanagh, A., Llorens, AV., Loftus Campe, K., Luks, TL., Marco, EJ., Martin, S., Martin, AJ., Marzano, G., Masson, C., McGovern, KE., McNally Keehn, R., Miller, DT., Miller, FK., Moss, TJ., Murray, R., Nagarajan, SS., Nowell, KP., Owen, J., Paal, AM., Packer, A., Page, PZ., Paul, BM., Peters, A., Peterson, D., Poduri, A., Pojman, NJ., Porche, K., Proud, MB., Qasmieh, S., Ramocki, MB., Reilly, B., Roberts, TP., Shaw, D., Sinha, T., Smith-Packard, B., Snow Gallagher, A., Swarnakar, V., Thieu, T., Triantafallou, C., Vaughan, R., Wakahiro, M., Wallace, A., Ward, T., Wenegrat, J., Wolken, A., Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, and Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Proband, Pediatrics, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Developmental Disabilities, Chromosome Disorders, Comorbidity, Nonverbal learning disorder, Cohort Studies, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebellum, Chromosome Duplication, Gene duplication, Copy-number variation, Non-U.S. Gov't, Child, 2. Zero hunger, Intelligence quotient, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Middle Aged, Psychiatry and Mental health, Microcephaly, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Chromosome Deletion, Psychology, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9], Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Research Support, Nervous System Malformations, Article, Chromosomes, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Intellectual Disability, Journal Article, medicine, Humans, Autistic Disorder, Preschool, Psychiatry, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Epilepsy, Pair 16, Other Research Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 0], Case-control study, Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology, Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics, Autistic Disorder/epidemiology, Autistic Disorder/genetics, Case-Control Studies, Cerebellum/abnormalities, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Disorders/epidemiology, Chromosome Disorders/genetics, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics, Developmental Disabilities/epidemiology, Developmental Disabilities/genetics, Epilepsy/epidemiology, Epilepsy/genetics, Intellectual Disability/epidemiology, Intellectual Disability/genetics, Microcephaly/epidemiology, Microcephaly/genetics, Nervous System Malformations/epidemiology, Nervous System Malformations/genetics, Schizophrenia/epidemiology, Schizophrenia/genetics, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Schizophrenia, Autism, Human medicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 167711.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) IMPORTANCE: The 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 duplication is the copy number variant most frequently associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, and comorbidities such as decreased body mass index (BMI). OBJECTIVES: To characterize the effects of the 16p11.2 duplication on cognitive, behavioral, medical, and anthropometric traits and to understand the specificity of these effects by systematically comparing results in duplication carriers and reciprocal deletion carriers, who are also at risk for ASD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This international cohort study of 1006 study participants compared 270 duplication carriers with their 102 intrafamilial control individuals, 390 reciprocal deletion carriers, and 244 deletion controls from European and North American cohorts. Data were collected from August 1, 2010, to May 31, 2015 and analyzed from January 1 to August 14, 2015. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the effect of the duplication and deletion on clinical traits by comparison with noncarrier relatives. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Findings on the Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ), Nonverbal IQ, and Verbal IQ; the presence of ASD or other DSM-IV diagnoses; BMI; head circumference; and medical data. RESULTS: Among the 1006 study participants, the duplication was associated with a mean FSIQ score that was lower by 26.3 points between proband carriers and noncarrier relatives and a lower mean FSIQ score (16.2-11.4 points) in nonproband carriers. The mean overall effect of the deletion was similar (-22.1 points; P < .001). However, broad variation in FSIQ was found, with a 19.4- and 2.0-fold increase in the proportion of FSIQ scores that were very low (100) compared with the deletion group (P < .001). Parental FSIQ predicted part of this variation (approximately 36.0% in hereditary probands). Although the frequency of ASD was similar in deletion and duplication proband carriers (16.0% and 20.0%, respectively), the FSIQ was significantly lower (by 26.3 points) in the duplication probands with ASD. There also were lower head circumference and BMI measurements among duplication carriers, which is consistent with the findings of previous studies. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The mean effect of the duplication on cognition is similar to that of the reciprocal deletion, but the variance in the duplication is significantly higher, with severe and mild subgroups not observed with the deletion. These results suggest that additional genetic and familial factors contribute to this variability. Additional studies will be necessary to characterize the predictors of cognitive deficits.

Published
2016

9. Mowat–Wilson Syndrome: Facial Phenotype Changing With Age: Study of 19 Italian Patients and Review of the Literature

Author

Garavelli, L., Zollino, M., Mainardi, Cerruti P., Gurrieri, F., Rivieri, F., Soli, F., Verri, R., Albertini, E., Favaron, E., Zignani, M., Orteschi, D., Bianchi, P., Faravelli, F., Forzano, F., Seri, M., Wischmeijer, A., Turchetti, D., Pompilii, E., Gnoli, M., Cocchi, G., Mazzanti, L., Bergamaschi, R., De Brasi, D., Sperandeo, M. P., Mari, F., Uliana, V., Mostardini, R., Cecconi, M., Grasso, M, Sassi, S., Sebastio, G., Renieri, A., Silengo, M., Bernasconi, S., Wakamatsu, N., and Neri, G.

Published
2009
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17. Phenotype and genotype of 87 patients with Mowat–Wilson syndrome and recommendations for care

Author

Ivanovski, I. (Ivan), Djuric, O. (Olivera), Caraffi, S.G. (Stefano Giuseppe), Santodirocco, D. (Daniela), Pollazzon, M. (Marzia), Rosato, S. (Simonetta), Cordelli, D.M. (Duccio M.), Abdalla, E. (Ebtesam), Accorsi, P. (Patrizia), Adam, M.P. (Margaret), Ajmone, P.F. (Paola Francesca), Badura-Stronka, M. (Magdalena), Baldo, C. (Chiara), Baldi, M. (Maddalena), Bayat, A. (Allan), Bigoni, S. (Stefania), Bonvicini, F. (Federico), Breckpot, J. (Jeroen), Callewaert, L., Cocchi, G. (Guido), Cuturilo, G. (Goran), De Brasi, D. (Daniele), Devriendt, K. (Koenraad), Dinulos, M.B. (Mary Beth), Hjortshøj, T.D. (Tina Duelund), Epifanio, R. (Roberta), Faravelli, F. (Francesca), Fiumara, A. (Agata), Formisano, D. (Debora), Giordano, L. (Lucio), Grasso, M. (Marina), Grønborg, S. (Sabine), Iodice, A. (Alessandro), Iughetti, L. (Lorenzo), Kuburovic, V. (Vladimir), Kutkowska-Kazmierczak, A. (Anna), Lacombe, D. (Didier), Lo Rizzo, C. (Caterina), Luchetti, A. (Anna), Malbora, B. (Baris), Mammi, I. (Isabella), Mari, F. (Francesca), Montorsi, G. (Giulia), Moutton, S. (Sebastien), Møller, R.S. (Rikke), Muschke, P. (Petra), Nielsen, J.E.K. (Jens Erik Klint), Obersztyn, E. (Ewa), Pantaleoni, C. (Chiara), Pellicciari, A. (Alessandro), Pisanti, M.A. (Maria Antonietta), Prpic, I. (Igor), Poch-Olive, M.L. (Maria Luisa), Raviglione, F. (Federico), Renieri, A. (Alessandra), Ricci, E. (Emilia), Rivieri, F. (Francesca), Santen, G.W.E. (Gijs), Savasta, S. (Salvatore), Scarano, G. (Gioacchino), Schanze, I. (Ina), Selicorni, A. (Angelo), Silengo, M.C., Smigiel, R. (Robert), Spaccini, L. (Luigina), Sorge, G. (Giovanni), Szczaluba, K. (Krzysztof), Tarani, L. (Luigi), Tone, L.G. (Luis Gonzaga), Toutain, A. (Annick), Trimouille, A. (Aurelien), Valera, E.T. (Elvis Terci), Vergano, S.S. (Samantha Schrier), Zanotta, N. (Nicoletta), Zenker, M. (Martin), Conidi, A. (Andrea), Zollino, M., Rauch, A., Zweier, C. (Christiane), Garavelli, L. (Livia), Ivanovski, I. (Ivan), Djuric, O. (Olivera), Caraffi, S.G. (Stefano Giuseppe), Santodirocco, D. (Daniela), Pollazzon, M. (Marzia), Rosato, S. (Simonetta), Cordelli, D.M. (Duccio M.), Abdalla, E. (Ebtesam), Accorsi, P. (Patrizia), Adam, M.P. (Margaret), Ajmone, P.F. (Paola Francesca), Badura-Stronka, M. (Magdalena), Baldo, C. (Chiara), Baldi, M. (Maddalena), Bayat, A. (Allan), Bigoni, S. (Stefania), Bonvicini, F. (Federico), Breckpot, J. (Jeroen), Callewaert, L., Cocchi, G. (Guido), Cuturilo, G. (Goran), De Brasi, D. (Daniele), Devriendt, K. (Koenraad), Dinulos, M.B. (Mary Beth), Hjortshøj, T.D. (Tina Duelund), Epifanio, R. (Roberta), Faravelli, F. (Francesca), Fiumara, A. (Agata), Formisano, D. (Debora), Giordano, L. (Lucio), Grasso, M. (Marina), Grønborg, S. (Sabine), Iodice, A. (Alessandro), Iughetti, L. (Lorenzo), Kuburovic, V. (Vladimir), Kutkowska-Kazmierczak, A. (Anna), Lacombe, D. (Didier), Lo Rizzo, C. (Caterina), Luchetti, A. (Anna), Malbora, B. (Baris), Mammi, I. (Isabella), Mari, F. (Francesca), Montorsi, G. (Giulia), Moutton, S. (Sebastien), Møller, R.S. (Rikke), Muschke, P. (Petra), Nielsen, J.E.K. (Jens Erik Klint), Obersztyn, E. (Ewa), Pantaleoni, C. (Chiara), Pellicciari, A. (Alessandro), Pisanti, M.A. (Maria Antonietta), Prpic, I. (Igor), Poch-Olive, M.L. (Maria Luisa), Raviglione, F. (Federico), Renieri, A. (Alessandra), Ricci, E. (Emilia), Rivieri, F. (Francesca), Santen, G.W.E. (Gijs), Savasta, S. (Salvatore), Scarano, G. (Gioacchino), Schanze, I. (Ina), Selicorni, A. (Angelo), Silengo, M.C., Smigiel, R. (Robert), Spaccini, L. (Luigina), Sorge, G. (Giovanni), Szczaluba, K. (Krzysztof), Tarani, L. (Luigi), Tone, L.G. (Luis Gonzaga), Toutain, A. (Annick), Trimouille, A. (Aurelien), Valera, E.T. (Elvis Terci), Vergano, S.S. (Samantha Schrier), Zanotta, N. (Nicoletta), Zenker, M. (Martin), Conidi, A. (Andrea), Zollino, M., Rauch, A., Zweier, C. (Christiane), and Garavelli, L. (Livia)

Abstract

Purpose: Mowat–Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare intellectual disability/multiple congenital anomalies syndrome caused by heterozygous mutation of the ZEB2 gene. It is generally underestimated because its rarity and phenotypic variability sometimes make it difficult to recognize. Here, we aimed to better delineate the phenotype, natural history, and genotype–phenotype correlations of MWS. Methods: In a collaborative study, we analyzed clinical data for 87 patients with molecularly confirmed diagnosis. We described the prevalence of all clinical aspects, including attainment of neurodevelopmental milestones, and compared the data with the various types of underlying ZEB2 pathogenic variations. Results: All anthropometric, somatic, and behavioral features reported here outline a variable but highly consistent phenotype. By presenting the most comprehensive evaluatio

Published
2018
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18. Phenotype and genotype of 87 patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome and recommendations for care

Author

Ivanovski, I, Djuric, O, Caraffi, SG, Santodirocco, D, Pollazzon, M, Rosato, S, Cordelli, D M, Abdalla, E, Accorsi, P, Adam, MP, Ajmone, PF, Badura-Stronka, M, Baldo, C, Baldi, M, Bayat, A, Bigoni, S, Bonvicini, F, Breckpot, J, Callewaert, B, Cocchi, G, Cuturilo, G, De Brasi, D, DeVriendt, K, Dinulos, MB, Hjortshoj, TD, Epifanio, R, Faravelli, F, Fiumara, A, Formisano, D, Giordano, L, Grasso, M, Gronborg, S, Iodice, A, Iughetti, L, Kuburovic, V, Kutkowska-Kazmierczak, A, Lacombe, D, Lo Rizzo, C, Luchetti, A, Malbora, B, Mammi, I, Mari, F, Montorsi, G, Moutton, S, Moller, RS, Muschke, P, Nielsen, JEK, Obersztyn, E, Pantaleoni, C, Pellicciari, A, Pisanti, MA, Prpic, I, Poch-Olive, ML, Raviglione, F, Renieri, A, Ricci, E, Rivieri, F, Santen, GW, Savasta, S, Scarano, G, Schanze, I, Selicorni, A, Silengo, M, Smigiel, R, Spaccini, L, Sorge, G, Szczaluba, K, Tarani, L, Tone, LG, Toutain, A, Trimouille, A, Valera, ET, Vergano, SS, Zanotta, N, Zenker, M, Conidi, Andrea, Zollino, M, Rauch, A, Zweier, C, Garavelli, L, Ivanovski, I, Djuric, O, Caraffi, SG, Santodirocco, D, Pollazzon, M, Rosato, S, Cordelli, D M, Abdalla, E, Accorsi, P, Adam, MP, Ajmone, PF, Badura-Stronka, M, Baldo, C, Baldi, M, Bayat, A, Bigoni, S, Bonvicini, F, Breckpot, J, Callewaert, B, Cocchi, G, Cuturilo, G, De Brasi, D, DeVriendt, K, Dinulos, MB, Hjortshoj, TD, Epifanio, R, Faravelli, F, Fiumara, A, Formisano, D, Giordano, L, Grasso, M, Gronborg, S, Iodice, A, Iughetti, L, Kuburovic, V, Kutkowska-Kazmierczak, A, Lacombe, D, Lo Rizzo, C, Luchetti, A, Malbora, B, Mammi, I, Mari, F, Montorsi, G, Moutton, S, Moller, RS, Muschke, P, Nielsen, JEK, Obersztyn, E, Pantaleoni, C, Pellicciari, A, Pisanti, MA, Prpic, I, Poch-Olive, ML, Raviglione, F, Renieri, A, Ricci, E, Rivieri, F, Santen, GW, Savasta, S, Scarano, G, Schanze, I, Selicorni, A, Silengo, M, Smigiel, R, Spaccini, L, Sorge, G, Szczaluba, K, Tarani, L, Tone, LG, Toutain, A, Trimouille, A, Valera, ET, Vergano, SS, Zanotta, N, Zenker, M, Conidi, Andrea, Zollino, M, Rauch, A, Zweier, C, and Garavelli, L

Published
2018

19. 794 Postzygotic dominant-negative mutations of RHOA cause a mosaic neuroectodermal syndrome

Author

Vabres, P., primary, Sorlin, A., additional, Kholmanskikh, S., additional, Duffourd, Y., additional, Kuentz, P., additional, Carmignac, V., additional, Bessis, D., additional, Dobyns, W., additional, Polubothu, S., additional, Faravelli, F., additional, Kinsler, V., additional, Faivre, L., additional, Ross, M., additional, and Rivière, J., additional

Published
2018
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26. De novo balanced chromosome rearrangements in prenatal diagnosis

Author

Giardino, D, Corti, C, Ballarati, L, Colombo, D, Sala, E, Villa, N, Piombo, G, Pierluigi, M, Faravelli, F, Guerneri, S, Coviello, D, Lalatta, F, Cavallari, U, Bellotti, D, Barlati, Sergio, Croci, G, Franchi, F, Savin, E, Nocera, G, Amico, Fp, Granata, P, Casalone, R, Nutini, L, Lisi, E, Torricelli, F, Giussani, U, Facchinetti, B, Guanti, G, DI GIACOMO, M, Susca, Fp, Pecile, V, Romitti, L, Cardarelli, L, Racalbuto, E, Police, Ma, Chiodo, F, Rodeschini, O, Falcone, P, Donti, E, Grimoldi, Mg, Martinoli, E, Stioui, S, Caufin, D, Lauricella, Sa, Tanzariello, Sa, Voglino, G, Lenzini, E, Besozzi, M, Larizza, L, Dalprà, L., Giardino, D, Corti, C, Ballarati, L, Colombo, D, Sala, E, Villa, N, Piombo, G, Pierluigi, M, Faravelli, F, Guerneri, S, Coviello, D, Lalatta, F, Cavallari, U, Bellotti, D, Barlati, S, Croci, G, Franchi, F, Savin, E, Nocera, G, Amico, F, Granata, P, Casalone, R, Nutini, L, Lisi, E, Torricelli, F, Giussani, U, Facchinetti, B, Guanti, G, Di Giacomo, M, Susca, F, Pecile, V, Romitti, L, Cardarelli, L, Racalbuto, E, Police, M, Chiodo, F, Rodeschini, O, Falcone, P, Donti, E, Grimoldi, M, Martinoli, E, Stioui, S, Caufin, D, Lauricella, S, Tanzariello, S, Voglino, G, Lenzini, E, Besozzi, M, Larizza, L, and Dalpra', L

Subjects
breakpoints distribution, Chromosome Aberrations, Male, prenatal diagnosi, Data Collection, Chromosome Disorders, Amniotic Fluid, Chorionic Villi Sampling, Italy, Pregnancy, Karyotyping, Prenatal Diagnosis, Humans, Female, fragile sites, de novo balanced rearrangement
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We surveyed the datasheets of 29 laboratories concerning prenatal diagnosis of de novo apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements to assess the involvement of specific chromosomes, the breakpoints distribution and the impact on the pregnancy outcome. METHOD: By means of a questionnaire, data on 269.371 analyses performed from 1983 to 2006 on amniotic fluid, chorionic villus and fetal blood samples were collected. RESULTS: A total of 246 balanced anomalies were detected at frequencies of 72% for reciprocal translocations, 18% for Robertsonian translocations, 7% for inversions and 3% for complex chromosome rearrangements. The total frequencies of balanced rearrangements were 0.09%, 0.08% and 0.05% on amniotic fluid, chorionic villus and fetal blood samples. CONCLUSION: A preferential involvement of chromosomes 22, 7, 21, 3, 9 and 11 and a less involvement of chromosomes X, 19, 12, 6 and 1 was observed. A nonrandom distribution of the breakpoints across chromosomes was noticed. Association in the location of recurrent breakpoints and fragile sites was observed for chromosomes 11, 7, 10 and 22, while it was not recorded for chromosome 3. The rate of pregnancy termination was about 20%, with frequencies decreasing from complex chromosomal rearrangements (33%), reciprocal translocations (24%) to inversions (11%) and Robertsonian translocations (3%).

Published
2009

27. 6q terminal deletion: An emerging syndrome associated to a peculiar clinical and electroencephalographic picture

Author

Striano, P., Coppola, A., Gaggero, R., Mancardi, M., Nicolella, E., Errichiello, L., Castiglia, L., Galesi, O., Malacarne, M., Pierluigi, M., Amato, C., Rinaldi, M. M., Pintaudi, M., Musumeci, S. A., Majore, S., Grammatico, P., Fichera, M., Faravelli, F., Striano, S., Elia, M., Striano, P., Coppola, A., Gaggero, R., Mancardi, M., Nicolella, E., Errichiello, L., Castiglia, L., Galesi, O., Malacarne, M., Pierluigi, M., Amato, C., Rinaldi, M. M., Pintaudi, M., Musumeci, S. A., Majore, S., Grammatico, P., Fichera, M., Faravelli, F., Striano, S., and Elia, M.

Published
2006

29. Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome: delineation of the spectrum in 42 cases

Author

Verloes, A., Donato, N. Di, Masliah-Planchon, J., Jongmans, M.C.J., Abdul-Raman, O.A., Albrecht, B., Allanson, J., Brunner, H.G., Bertola, D., Chassaing, N., David, A., Devriendt, K., Eftekhari, P., Drouin-Garraud, V., Faravelli, F., Faivre, L., Giuliano, F., Almeida, L., Juncos, J., Kempers, M.J.E., Eker, H.K., Lacombe, D., Lin, A., Mancini, G., Melis, D., Lourenco, C.M., Siu, V.M., Morin, G., Nezarati, M., Nowaczyk, M.J., Ramer, J.C., Osimani, S., Philip, N., Pierpont, M.E., Procaccio, V., Roseli, Z.S., Rossi, M., Rusu, C., Sznajer, Y., Templin, L., Uliana, V., Klaus, M., Bon, B.W. van, Ravenswaaij, C.M.A. van, Wainer, B., Fry, A.E., Rump, A., Hoischen, A., Drunat, S., Riviere, J.B., Dobyns, W.B., Pilz, D.T., Verloes, A., Donato, N. Di, Masliah-Planchon, J., Jongmans, M.C.J., Abdul-Raman, O.A., Albrecht, B., Allanson, J., Brunner, H.G., Bertola, D., Chassaing, N., David, A., Devriendt, K., Eftekhari, P., Drouin-Garraud, V., Faravelli, F., Faivre, L., Giuliano, F., Almeida, L., Juncos, J., Kempers, M.J.E., Eker, H.K., Lacombe, D., Lin, A., Mancini, G., Melis, D., Lourenco, C.M., Siu, V.M., Morin, G., Nezarati, M., Nowaczyk, M.J., Ramer, J.C., Osimani, S., Philip, N., Pierpont, M.E., Procaccio, V., Roseli, Z.S., Rossi, M., Rusu, C., Sznajer, Y., Templin, L., Uliana, V., Klaus, M., Bon, B.W. van, Ravenswaaij, C.M.A. van, Wainer, B., Fry, A.E., Rump, A., Hoischen, A., Drunat, S., Riviere, J.B., Dobyns, W.B., and Pilz, D.T.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, Baraitser-Winter, Fryns-Aftimos and cerebrofrontofacial syndrome types 1 and 3 have recently been associated with heterozygous gain-of-function mutations in one of the two ubiquitous cytoplasmic actin-encoding genes ACTB and ACTG1 that encode beta- and gamma-actins. We present detailed phenotypic descriptions and neuroimaging on 36 patients analyzed by our group and six cases from the literature with a molecularly proven actinopathy (9 ACTG1 and 33 ACTB). The major clinical anomalies are striking dysmorphic facial features with hypertelorism, broad nose with large tip and prominent root, congenital non-myopathic ptosis, ridged metopic suture and arched eyebrows. Iris or retinal coloboma is present in many cases, as is sensorineural deafness. Cleft lip and palate, hallux duplex, congenital heart defects and renal tract anomalies are seen in some cases. Microcephaly may develop with time. Nearly all patients with ACTG1 mutations, and around 60% of those with ACTB mutations have some degree of pachygyria with anteroposterior severity gradient, rarely lissencephaly or neuronal heterotopia. Reduction of shoulder girdle muscle bulk and progressive joint stiffness is common. Early muscular involvement, occasionally with congenital arthrogryposis, may be present. Progressive, severe dystonia was seen in one family. Intellectual disability and epilepsy are variable in severity and largely correlate with CNS anomalies. One patient developed acute lymphocytic leukemia, and another a cutaneous lymphoma, indicating that actinopathies may be cancer-predisposing disorders. Considering the multifaceted role of actins in cell physiology, we hypothesize that some clinical manifestations may be partially mutation specific. Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome is our suggested designation for this clinical entity.

Published
2015

30. Phenotypic spectrum and prevalence of INPP5E mutations in Joubert Syndrome and related disorders

Author

Lorena, Travaglini, Francesco, Brancati, Jennifer, Silhavy, Miriam, Iannicelli, Elizabeth, Nickerson, Nadia, Elkhartoufi, Eric, Scott, Emily, Spencer, Stacey, Gabriel, Sophie, Thomas, Bruria, Ben Zeev, Enrico, Bertini, Eugen, Boltshauser, Malika, Chaouch, Maria, Roberta Cilio, Mirjam, M. de Jong, Hulya, Kayserili, Gonul, Ogur, Andrea, Poretti, Sabrina, Signorini, Graziella, Uziel, Maha, S. Zaki, Ali Pacha, L, Zankl, A, Leventer, R, Grattan Smith, P, Janecke, A, Koch, J, Freilinger, M, D'Hooghe, M, Sznajer, Y, Vilain, C, Van Coster, R, Demerleir, L, Dias, K, Moco, C, Moreira, A, Ae Kim, C, Maegawa, G, Dakovic, I, Loncarevic, D, Mejaski Bosnjak, V, Petkovic, D, Abdel Salam GM, Abdel Aleem, A, Marti, I, Pinard, Jm, Quijano Roy, S, Sigaudy, S, de Lonlay, P, Romano, S, Verloes, A, Touraine, R, Koenig, M, Dollfus, H, Flori, E, Fradin, M, Lagier Tourenne, C, Messer, J, Collignon, P, Penzien, Jm, Bussmann, C, Merkenschlager, A, Philippi, H, Kurlemann, G, Grundmann, K, Dacou Voutetakis, C, Kitsiou Tzeli, S, Pons, R, Jerney, J, Halldorsson, S, Johannsdottir, J, Ludvigsson, P, Phadke, Sr, Girisha, Km, Doshi, H, Udani, V, Kaul, M, Stuart, B, Magee, A, Spiegel, R, Shalev, S, Mandel, H, Lev, D, Michelson, M, Idit, M, Ben Zeev, B, Gershoni Baruch, R, Ficcadenti, A, Fischetto, R, Gentile, M, Della Monica, M, Pezzani, M, Graziano, C, Seri, M, Benedicenti, F, Stanzial, F, Borgatti, R, Romaniello, R, Accorsi, P, Battaglia, S, Fazzi, E, Giordano, L, Pinelli, L, Boccone, L, Barone, R, Sorge, G, Briatore, E, Bigoni, S, Ferlini, A, Donati, Ma, Biancheri, R, Caridi, G, Divizia, Mt, Faravelli, F, Ghiggeri, G, Mirabelli, M, Pessagno, A, Rossi, A, Uliana, V, Amorini, M, Briguglio, M, Briuglia, S, Salpietro, Cd, Tortorella, G, Adami, A, Bonati, Mt, Castorina, P, D'Arrigo, S, Lalatta, F, Marra, G, Moroni, I, Pantaleoni, C, Riva, D, Scelsa, B, Spaccini, L, Del Giudice, E, Ludwig, K, Permunian, A, Suppiej, A, Macaluso, C, Pichiecchio, A, Battini, R, Di Giacomo, M, Priolo, M, Timpani, P, Pagani, G, Di Sabato ML, Emma, F, Leuzzi, V, Mancini, F, Majore, S, Micalizzi, A, Parisi, P, Romani, M, Stringini, G, Zanni, G, Ulgheri, L, Pollazzon, M, Renieri, Alessandra, Belligni, E, Grosso, E, Pieri, I, Silengo, M, Devescovi, R, Greco, D, Romano, C, Cazzagon, M, Simonati, A, Al Tawari AA, Bastaki, L, Mégarbané, A, Sabolic Avramovska, V, Said, E, Stromme, P, Koul, R, Rajab, A, Azam, M, Barbot, C, Salih, Ma, Tabarki, B, Jocic Jakubi, B, Martorell Sampol, L, Rodriguez, B, Pascual Castroviejo, I, Gener, B, Puschmann, A, Starck, L, Capone, A, Lemke, J, Fluss, J, Niedrist, D, Hennekam, Rc, Wolf, N, Gouider Khouja, N, Kraoua, I, Ceylaner, S, Teber, S, Akgul, M, Anlar, B, Comu, S, Kayserili, H, Yüksel, A, Akcakus, M, Caglayan, Ao, Aldemir, O, Al Gazali, L, Sztriha, L, Nicholl, D, Woods, Cg, Bennett, C, Hurst, J, Sheridan, E, Barnicoat, A, Hemingway, C, Lees, M, Wakeling, E, Blair, E, Bernes, S, Sanchez, H, Clark, Ae, Demarco, E, Donahue, C, Sherr, E, Hahn, J, Sanger, Td, Gallager, Te, Daugherty, C, Krishnamoorthy, Ks, Sarco, D, Walsh, Ca, Mckanna, T, Milisa, J, Chung, Wk, De Vivo DC, Raynes, H, Schubert, R, Seward, A, Brooks, Dg, Goldstein, A, Caldwell, J, Finsecke, E, Maria, Bl, Holden, K, Cruse, Rp, Karaca, E, Swoboda, Kj, Viskochil, D, Dobyns, Wb, Colin, Johnson, Tania, Attié Bitach, Joseph, G. Gleeson, Enza, Maria Valente, ANS - Amsterdam Neuroscience, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Human Genetics, Paediatrics, OMÜ, University of Zurich, Valente, Enza Maria, Fluss, Joel Victor, Travaglini, L, Brancati, F, Silhavy, J, Iannicelli, M, Nickerson, E, Elkhartoufi, N, Scott, E, Spencer, E, Gabriel, S, Thomas, S, Ben Zeev, B, Bertini, E, Boltshauser, E, Chaouch, M, Cilio, Mr, de Jong, Mm, Kayserili, H, Ogur, G, Poretti, A, Signorini, S, Uziel, G, Zaki, M, Johnson, C, Atti? Bitach, T, Gleeson, Jg, Valente, Em, International JSRD Study, Group, and DEL GIUDICE, Ennio

Subjects
Male, Ciliata -- Anatomy, Proband, 10039 Institute of Medical Genetics, Meckel syndrome, RPGRIP1L, Syndromes, INPP5E, MODIFIER, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/genetics, Ciliopathies, Polycystic Kidney Diseases/diagnosis/genetics, CILIUM, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, Cerebellum, Prenatal Diagnosis, RETINAL DEGENERATION, Prevalence, MECKEL, ciliopathies, Joubert syndrome and related disorders, Eye Abnormalities, Child, Genetics (clinical), Encephalocele, Joubert syndrome, Genetics, Polycystic Kidney Diseases, 0303 health sciences, ddc:618, Cerebellar Diseases/diagnosis/genetics, Kidney Diseases, Cystic, Pedigree, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Medical genetics, Female, Retinitis Pigmentosa, FORM, Ciliary Motility Disorders, Heterozygote, medicine.medical_specialty, 2716 Genetics (clinical), Adolescent, Molecular Sequence Data, Encephalocele/diagnosis/genetics, AHI1, 610 Medicine & health, Biology, Retina, Article, Ciliopathies, INPP5E, Joubert syndrome and related disorders, Meckel syndrome, NO, Ciliary Motility Disorders/diagnosis/genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, 1311 Genetics, Cerebellar Diseases, REVEALS, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Amino Acid Sequence, Kidney Diseases, Cystic/diagnosis/genetics, abnormalities, multiple, adolescent, amino acid sequence, cerebellar diseases, cerebellum, child, preschool, ciliary motility disorders, encephalocele, eye abnormalities, female, heterozygote, humans, infant, kidney diseases, cystic, male, molecular sequence data, pedigree, phosphoric monoester hydrolases, polycystic kidney diseases, prenatal diagnosis, prevalence, retina, gene frequency, mutation, phenotype, 030304 developmental biology, Eye Abnormalities/diagnosis/genetics, COACH SYNDROME, Retina/abnormalities, Genetic heterogeneity, Respiration disorders -- Therapy, Infant, medicine.disease, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, INPP5E mutation, 10036 Medical Clinic, Mutation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous ciliopathies sharing a peculiar midbrain–hindbrain malformation known as the ‘molar tooth sign’. To date, 19 causative genes have been identified, all coding for proteins of the primary cilium. There is clinical and genetic overlap with other ciliopathies, in particular with Meckel syndrome (MKS), that is allelic to JSRD at nine distinct loci. We previously identified the INPP5E gene as causative of JSRD in seven families linked to the JBTS1 locus, yet the phenotypic spectrum and prevalence of INPP5E mutations in JSRD and MKS remain largely unknown. To address this issue, we performed INPP5E mutation analysis in 483 probands, including 408 JSRD patients representative of all clinical subgroups and 75 MKS fetuses. We identified 12 different mutations in 17 probands from 11 JSRD families, with an overall 2.7% mutation frequency among JSRD. The most common clinical presentation among mutated families (7/11, 64%) was Joubert syndrome with ocular involvement (either progressive retinopathy and/or colobomas), while the remaining cases had pure JS. Kidney, liver and skeletal involvement were not observed. None of the MKS foetuses carried INPP5E mutations, indicating that the two ciliopathies are not allelic at this locus., peer-reviewed

Published
2013

31. CDKN2A is the main susceptibility gene in Italian pancreatic cancer families

Author

Ghiorzo, Paola, Fornarini, G, Sciallero, S, Battistuzzi, Linda, Belli, F, Bernard, L, Bonelli, L, Borgonovo, Giacomo, Bruno, William, DE CIAN, Franco, Decensi, A, Filauro, M, Faravelli, F, Gozza, A, Gargiulo, Sara, Mariette, F, Nasti, Sabina, Pastorino, Lorenza, Queirolo, P, Savarino, Vincenzo, Varesco, L, Bianchi, Giovanna, Belli, F., Dulbecco, Pietro, Mastracci, Luca, Grillo, Federica, Papadia, FRANCESCO SAVERIO, Queirolo, P., Parodi, C., and Sacchi, G.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Candidate gene, PALB2, DNA Mutational Analysis, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Germline mutation, Gene Frequency, CDKN2A, Pancreatic cancer, 80 and over, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16, Female, Genes, Neoplasm, Genetic Association Studies, Germ-Line Mutation, Italy, Middle Aged, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Genetics (clinical), Allele frequency, Mutation, Cancer, medicine.disease, Genes, Neoplasm
Abstract

Background Most familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) remains unexplained. The identification of individuals with a high genetic risk of developing pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PC) is important to elucidate its biological basis and is critical to better define emerging strategies for the detection of early pancreatic neoplasms. Patients and methods A series of 225 consecutively enrolled patients with PC were tested for CDKN2A mutations. After personal and family cancer histories of all the patients had been reviewed, a subset of the patients were classified as FPC and were also tested for mutations in PALLD, PALB2, BRCA1 and BRCA2 as FPC candidate genes. Results The CDKN2A mutation rate in the 225 PC cases was 5.7%. The CDKN2A founder mutations, p.E27X and p.G101W, were predominant, but the mutation spectrum also included p.L65P, p.G67R and two novel, potentially pathogenic variants, promoter variant c.-201ACTCCTTT and p.R144C. None of the patients with FPC harboured germline mutations in PALLD, PALB2 or BRCA2. One family was positive for the BRCA1 UV variant p.P727L. Strikingly, five of 16 patients with FPC (31%) carried CDKN2A mutations. Conclusion These findings suggest that a sizeable subset of Italian FPC families may carry CDKN2A mutations. This result may be of value for identifying the best candidates for future PC screening trials in Italy.

Published
2012

34. Mosaicism for the full mutation and a microdeletion involving the CGG repeat and flanking sequences in the FMR1 gene in eight fragile X patients

Author

Grasso M, Faravelli F, Lo Nigro C, Chiurazzi P, Sperandeo MP, Argusti A, Pomponi MG, Lecora M, Sebastio GF, Perroni L, Neri G, Bricarelli F.D., ANDRIA, GENEROSO, Grasso, M, Faravelli, F, Lo Nigro, C, Chiurazzi, P, Sperandeo, Mp, Argusti, A, Pomponi, Mg, Lecora, M, Sebastio, Gf, Perroni, L, Andria, Generoso, Neri, G, and Bricarelli, F. D.

Subjects
Male, fragile X patients, Base Sequence, Mosaicism, Blotting, Western, DNA Mutational Analysis, RNA-Binding Proteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, DNA, Blotting, Southern, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein, Trinucleotide Repeats, Fragile X Syndrome, Mutation, Humans, Female, microdeletion, Sequence Deletion
Abstract

The molecular mechanism of the fragile X syndrome is based on the expansion of an unstable CGG repeat in the 5' untranslated region of the FMR1 gene in most patients. This expansion is associated with an abnormal DNA methylation leading to the absence of production of FMR1 protein (FMRP). Such expansion apparently predisposes the repeat and flanking regions to further instability that may lead to mosaic conditions with a full mutation and a premutation or, rarely, with normal or reduced alleles that can sometimes be transcriptionally active. In this study we describe eight unrelated fragile X patients who are mosaic for both a full mutation and an allele of normal (four cases) or reduced size (four cases). Sequencing analysis of the deletion breakpoints in 6 patients demonstrated an internal deletion confined to the CGG repeat in four of them, which represents the most likely explanation for the regression of the full mutation to a normal sized allele. In two patients with a reduced allele, the deletion encompassed the entire CGG repeat and part of the flanking regions. Analysis of FMRP by Western blot was performed in one of the mosaics with a normal sized allele and in three of those with a reduced allele. In the first patient's lymphocytes FMRP was detected, whereas in the three other patients the deletion is likely to impair transcription as no FMRP was present in their lymphocytes.

Published
1999

40. Germline BRAF mutations in Noonan, LEOPARD and cardiofaciocutaneous syndromes: molecular diversity and associated phenotypic spectrum

Author

Sarkozy, A, Carta, A, Moretti, S, Zampino, G, Digilio, Mc, Pantaleoni, F, Scioletti, Ap, Esposito, G, Cordeddu, V, Lepri, F, Petrangeli, V, Dentici, Ml, Mancini, Gms, Selicorni, A, Rossi, C, Mazzanti, L, Marino, B, Ferrero, Giovanni Battista, Cirillo, Margherita, Faravelli, F, Stuppia, L, Puxeddu, E, Gelb, Bd, Dallapiccola, B, and Tartaglia, M.

Published
2009

42. MKS3/TMEM67 mutations are a major cause of COACH Syndrome, a Joubert Syndrome related disorder with liver involvement

Author

Brancati, F., Iannicelli, M., Travaglini, L., Mazzotta, A., Bertini, E., Boltshauser, E., D?arrigo, S., Emma, F., Fazzi, E., Gallizzi, R., Gentile, M., Loncarevic, D., Mejaski-Bosnjak, V., Pantaleoni, C., Rigoli, L., Salpietro, C. D., Signorini, S., Stringini, G. R., Verloes, A., Zabloka, D., Dallapiccola, B., Gleeson, J. G., Valente, E. M., Zankl, A., Leventer, R., Smith, P. G., Janecke, A., D?hooghe, M., Sznajer, Y., Van Coster, R., Demerleir, L., Dias, K., Moco, C., Moreira, A., Ae Kim, C., Maegawa, G., Petkovic, D., Abdel-Salam, G. M. H., Abdel-Aleem, A., Zaki, M. S., Marti, I., Quijano-Roy, S., Sigaudy, S., De Lonlay, P., Romano, S., Touraine, R., Koenig, M., Lagier-Tourenne, C., Messer, J., Collignon, P., Wolf, N., Philippi, H., Tzeli, S. K., Halldorsson, S., Johannsdottir, J., Ludvigsson, P., Phadke, S. R., Udani, V., Stuart, B., Magee, A., Lev, D., Michelson, M., Ben-Zeev, B., Fischetto, R., Benedicenti, F., Stanzial, F., Borgatti, R., Accorsi, P., Battaglia, S., Giordano, L., Pinelli, L., Boccone, L., Bigoni, S., Ferlini, A., Donati, M. A., Caridi, G., Divizia, M. T., Faravelli, F., Ghiggeri, G., Pessagno, A., Briuglia, S., Tortorella, G., Adami, A., Castorina, P., Lalatta, F., Marra, G., Riva, D., Scelsa, B., Spaccini, L., Uziel, G., Giudice, E. D., Laverda, A. M., Ludwig, K., Permunian, A., Suppiej, A., Uggetti, C., Battini, R., Giacomo, M. D., Cilio, M. R., Di Sabato, M. L., Leuzzi, V., Parisi, P., Pollazzon, M., Silengo, M., De Vescovi, R., Greco, D., Romano, C., Cazzagon, M., Simonati, A., Al-Tawari, A. A., Bastaki, L., M('e)garban('e), A., Sabolic Avramovska, V., De Jong, M. M., Stromme, P., Koul, R., Rajab, A., Azam, M., Barbot, C., Martorell Sampol, L., Rodriguez, B., Pascual-Castroviejo, I., Teber, S., Anlar, B., Comu, S., Karaca, E., Kayserili, H., Y, Brancati, F, Iannicelli, M, Travaglini, L, Mazzotta, A, Bertini, E, Boltshauser, E, D'Arrigo, S, Emma, F, Fazzi, E, Gallizzi, R, Gentile, M, Loncarevic, D, Mejaski Bosnjak, V, Pantaleoni, C, Rigoli, L, Salpietro, Cd, Signorini, S, Stringini, Gr, Verloes, A, Zabloka, D, Dallapiccola, B, Gleeson, Jg, Valente, Em, International, JSRD Study Group, DEL GIUDICE, Ennio, and Pediatric surgery

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, TMEM67, DNA Mutational Analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, education, Biology, Article, Joubert syndrome, NO, MKS3, COACH, Multiple Abnormalities, Nephronophthisis, Amino Acid Sequence, Base Sequence, Humans, Liver, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Membrane Proteins, Mutation, Phenotype, RNA Splice Sites, Syndrome, Genetics, medicine, congenital hepatic fibrosis, Abnormalities, Multiple, Meckel syndrome, COACH syndrome, Joubert syndrome and related disorders, Genetics (clinical), Aplasia, medicine.disease, MKS3/TMEM67 mutation, COACH Syndrome, Ciliopathy, RPGRIP1L, Congenital hepatic fibrosis, human activities
Abstract

MKS3/TMEM67 mutations are a major cause of COACH Syndrome, a Joubert syndrome related disorder with liver involvement. The acronym COACH defines an autosomal recessive condition of Cerebellar vermis hypo/aplasia, Oligophrenia, congenital Ataxia, Coloboma and Hepatic fibrosis. Patients present the molar tooth sign, a midbrain-hindbrain malformation pathognomonic for Joubert Syndrome (JS) and Related Disorders (JSRDs). The main feature of COACH is congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF), resulting from malformation of the embryonic ductal plate. CHF is invariably found also in Meckel syndrome (MS), a lethal ciliopathy already found to be allelic with JSRDs at the CEP290 and RPGRIP1L genes. Recently, mutations in the MKS3 gene (approved symbol TMEM67), causative of about 7% MS cases, have been detected in few Meckel-like and pure JS patients. Analysis of MKS3 in 14 COACH families identified mutations in 8 (57%). Features such as colobomas and nephronophthisis were found only in a subset of mutated cases. These data confirm COACH as a distinct JSRD subgroup with core features of JS plus CHF, which major gene is MKS3, and further strengthen gene-phenotype correlates in JSRDs.

Published
2009

43. Experimental identification of cable damping parameters towards robust design against aeroelastic instability

Author

L. Faravelli F. Ubertini

Subjects
Vibration, Nonlinear system, Modal, Quality (physics), Structural mechanics, Control theory, business.industry, Computer science, Robustness (computer science), Tuned mass damper, Structural engineering, Seismic noise, business
Abstract

L. Faravelli & F. Ubertini Department of Structural Mechanics, University of PaviaABSTRACT: Steel cables are lightly damped structural elements for which ambient loads may produce large amplitude oscillations, which may eventually determine fatigue ruptures. The dynamics of cables have been extensively explored in the literature and evidence was given of the fundamental role played by structural damping in determining the quality of the vibration. Particularly, it was either numerically or experimentally observed that bifurcated solutions exist when modal damping ratios are sufficiently small. Provided this scenario, an accurate identification of the cable damping parameters is essential for robust design against ambient vibrations and for life cycle assessments. To this end, wavelet analysis is here applied in order to identify the damping parameters of a suspended cable model. The aim is to explore the robustness and the repeatability of the results with respect to different test conditions. Afterwards, the nonlinear forced harmonic vibrations of the system are numerically explored, devoting particular care to the role of damping uncertainties on the cable response. Finally, the use of a secondary tuned mass damper system is discussed as a way to increase the robustness against cable aeroelastic instability.

Published
2008

44. Mutations in the cilia gene ARL13B lead to the classical form of Joubert syndrome

Author

Cantagrel, V, Silhavy, Jl, Bielas, S, Swistun, D, Marsh, Se, Bertrand, J, Audollent, S, Attié Bitach, T, Holden, Kr, Dobyns, Wb, Traver, D, Al Gazali, L, Ali, Br, Lindner, Th, Caspary, T, Otto, Ea, Hildebrandt, F, Glass, Ia, Logan, Cv, Johnson, Ca, Bennett, C, Brancati, F, Grattan Smith, P, Leventer, J, Van Coster, R, Dias, K, Moco, C, Moreira, Ae Kim, C, Akiss, A, Maegawa, G, Abdel Salam GMH, Abdel Aleem, A, Zaki, Ms, Marti, I, Quijano Roy, S, de Lonlay, P, Verloes A, A., Touraine, R, Koenig, M, Lagier Tourenne, C, Messer, J, Philippi, H, Tzeli, Sk, Halldorsson, S, Johannsdottir, J, Ludvigsson, P, Magee, A, Stuart, B, Lev, D, Michelson, M, Ben Zeev, B, Fischetto, R, Gentile, M, Battaglia, Giordano, L, Boccone, L, Ruggieri, M, Bigoni, S, Ferlini, A, Donati, Ma, Procopio, E, Lapi, E, Genuardi, M, Caridi, G, Faravelli, F, Ghiggeri, G, Briuglia, Silvana, Tortorella, Gaetano, Rigoli, Luciana Concetta, SALPIETRO DAMIANO, Carmelo, D’Arrigo, S, Pantaleoni, C, Riva, D, Uziel, G, Laverda, Am, Permunian, A, Bova, S, Fazz, Ei, Sabrina, S, Battini, R, Bertini, E, Dallapiccola, B, Cilio, Mr, Di Sabato, M, Emma, F, Leuzzi, V, Parisi, P, Simonati, A, Al Tawari AA, Bastaki, L, Ahmad Aqueel, A, Jong, Mm, Koul, R, Rajab, A, Sztriha, L, Azam, M, Barbot, C, Rodriguez, B, Pascual Castroviejo, I, Eugen Boltshauser, E, Hulya, H, Comu, S, Akcakus, M, Sahin, Y, Phadke, Sr, Melick, N, Mikati, M, Nicholl, D, Hurst, J, Hennekam, Rcm, Bernes, S, Sanchez, H, Clark, Ae, Wynshaw Boris, A, Donahue, C, Sherr, Eh, Barkovich, Aj, Hahn, D., Sanger, Td, Gallager, Te, Daugherty, C, Krishnamoorthy, Ks, Sarco, D, Walsh CA, Soul, Jmckanna, T, Joanne Milisa, J, Chung, Wk, De Vivo DC, Raynes, H, Schubert, R, Seward, A, Brooks, Dg, Amy Goldstein, A, Caldwell, J, Finsecke, E, Maria, Bl, Cruse, Rp, Lotzete, Swoboda, Kj, Viskochil, Dh, Valente, Em, Woods, Cg, and Gleeson, Jg

Subjects
Cerebellum, Ataxia, TMEM67, Molecular Sequence Data, Biology, Joubert Syndrome, Joubert syndrome, Article, cilia gene ARL13B, mutation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ciliogenesis, INPP5E, medicine, Genetics, Animals, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Cilia, Genetics (clinical), Conserved Sequence, Zebrafish, 030304 developmental biology, Neurons, 0303 health sciences, Brain Diseases, ADP-Ribosylation Factors, Cilium, Chromosome Mapping, Computational Biology, Syndrome, Mutation, medicine.disease, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, RPGRIP1L, medicine.symptom, Abnormalities, Multiple, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Joubert syndrome (JS) and related disorders are a group of autosomal-recessive conditions sharing the “molar tooth sign” on axial brain MRI, together with cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, ataxia, and psychomotor delay. JS is suggested to be a disorder of cilia function and is part of a spectrum of disorders involving retinal, renal, digital, oral, hepatic, and cerebral organs. We identified mutations in ARL13B in two families with the classical form of JS. ARL13B belongs to the Ras GTPase family, and in other species is required for ciliogenesis, body axis formation, and renal function. The encoded Arl13b protein was expressed in developing murine cerebellum and localized to the cilia in primary neurons. Overexpression of human wild-type but not patient mutant ARL13B rescued the Arl13b scorpion zebrafish mutant. Thus, ARL13B has an evolutionarily conserved role mediating cilia function in multiple organs.

Published
2008

46. CEP290 mutations are frequently identified in the oculo-renal form of Joubert syndrome-related disorders

Author

Brancati, F., Barrano, G., Silhavy, J. L., Marsh, S. E., Travaglini, L., Bielas, S. L., Amorini, M., Zablocka, D., Kayserili, H., Al-Gazali, L., Bertini, E., Boltshauser, E., D'Hooghe, M., Fazzi, Eleonora, Fenerci, E. Y., Hennekam, R. C. M., Kiss, A., Lees, M. M., Marco, E., Phadke, S. R., Rigoli, L., Romano, S., Salpietro, C. D., Sherr, E. H., Signorini, S., Stromme, P., Stuart, B., Sztriha, L., Viskochil, D. H., Yuksel, A., Dallapiccola, B., Valente, E. M., Gleeson, J. G., Grattan-Smith, P., Leventer, R., Janecke, A., Van Coster, R., Dias, K., Moco, C., MOREIRA DA SILVA, CLAUDIA ALEXANDRA, Chong, A. K., Maegawa, G., Abdel-Salam, G. M. H., Abdel-Aleem, A., Zaki, M. S., Marti, I., Quijano-Roy, S., De Lonlay, P., Verloes, A., Touraine, R., Koenig, M., Lagier-Tourenne, C., Messer, J., Philippi, H., Tzeli, S. K., Halldorsson, S., Johannsdottir, J., Ludvigsson, P., Magee, A., Lev, D., Michelson, M., Ben-Zeev, B., Fischetto, R., Gentile, M., Battaglia, S., Giordano, L., Boccone, L., Ruggieri, M., Bigoni, S., Ferlini, A., Donati, M. A., Procopio, E., Caridi, G., Faravelli, F., Ghiggeri, G., Briuglia, S., Tortorella, G., D'Arrigo, S., Pantaleoni, C., Riva, D., Uziel, G., Lavercla, A. M., Permunian, A., Bova, S., Battini, Roberta, Cilio, M. R., DI SABATO, Manuela, Emma, F., Leuzzi, V., Parisi, P., Simonati, A., Al-Tawari, A. A., Bastaki, L., Aqeel, A., De Jong, M. M., Koul, R., Rajab, A., Azam, M., Barbot, C., Rodriguez, B., Pascual-Castroviejo, I., Comu, S., Akcakus, M., Nicholl, D., Woods, C. G., Bennett, C., Hurst, J., Walsh, C. A., Bernes, S., Sanchez, H., Clark, A. E., Donahue, C., Hahn, J., Sanger, T. D., Gallager, T. E., Dobyns, W. B., Daugherty, C., Krishnamoorthy, K. S., Sarco, D., Mckanna, T., Milisa, J., Chung, W. K., De Vivo, D. C., Raynes, H., Schubert, R., Seward, A., Brooks, D. G., Goldstein, A., Caldwell, J., Finsecke, E., Maria, B. L., Holden, K., Cruse, R. P., Swoboda, K. J., ANS - Amsterdam Neuroscience, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, and Paediatric Genetics

Subjects
Male, Pathology, DNA Mutational Analysis, Cell Cycle Proteins, medicine.disease_cause, Ciliopathies, Ocular Motility Disorders, Cohort Studies, Joubert syndrome–related disorders, CEP290, Genetics(clinical), Child, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, Mutation, Brain, Syndrome, Phenotype, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Kidney Diseases, Molar, Neoplasm Proteins, Child, Preschool, Abnormalities, Multiple, Adolescent, Adult, Antigens, Neoplasm, Female, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, medicine.medical_specialty, Biology, Article, Joubert syndrome, Central nervous system disease, medicine, Antigens, Preschool, Genetic heterogeneity, medicine.disease, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Situs inversus, Neoplasm
Abstract

Joubert syndrome–related disorders (JSRDs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous conditions that share a midbrain-hindbrain malformation, the molar tooth sign (MTS) visible on brain imaging, with variable neurological, ocular, and renal manifestations. Mutations in the CEP290 gene were recently identified in families with the MTS-related neurological features, many of which showed oculo-renal involvement typical of Senior-Löken syndrome (JSRD-SLS phenotype). Here, we performed comprehensive CEP290-mutation analysis on two nonoverlapping cohorts of JSRD-affected patients with a proven MTS. We identified mutations in 19 of 44 patients with JSRD-SLS. The second cohort consisted of 84 patients representing the spectrum of other JSRD subtypes, with mutations identified in only two patients. The data suggest that CEP290 mutations are frequently encountered and are largely specific to the JSRD-SLS subtype. One patient with mutation displayed complete situs inversus, confirming the clinical and genetic overlap between JSRDs and other ciliopathies.

Published
2007

48. CEP290 mutations are frequently identified in the oculo-renal form of Joubert syndrome-related disorders

Author

Brancati, F, Barrano, G, Silhavy, Jl, Marsh, Se, Travaglini, L, Bielas, Sl, Amorini, M, Zablocka, D, Kayserili, H, Al Gazali, L, Bertini, E, Boltshauser, E, D'Hooghe, M, Fazzi, E, Fenerci, Ey, Hennekam, Rc, Kiss, A, Lees, Mm, Marco, E, Phadke, Sr, Rigoli, L, Romano, S, Salpietro, Cd, Sherr, Eh, Signorini, S, Stromme, P, Stuart, B, Sztriha, L, Viskochil, Dh, Yuksel, A, Dallapiccola, [International JSRD Study Group], Valente, Em, Gleeson, Jg, Smith, P, Leventer, R, Janecke, A, Van Coster, R, Dias, K, Moco, C, Moreira, A, Chong, Ak, Maegawa, G, Abdel Salam GMH, Abdel Aleem, A, Zaki, Ms, Martu, I, Quijano Roy, S, De Lonlay, P, Verloes, A, Touraine, R, Koenig, M, Lagier Tourenne, C, Messer, J, Philippi, H, Tzeli, Sk, Halldorsson, S, Johannsdotir, J, Ludvigsson, P, Magee, A, Lev, D, Michelson, M, Ben Zev, B, Fischetto, R, Gentile, M, Battaglia, S, Giordano, L, Boccone, L, Ruggieri, Martino, Bigoni, S, Ferlini, A, Donati, Ma, Procopio, E, Cardidi, G, Faravelli, F, Ghiggeri, G, Briuglia, S, Tortorella, G, D’Arrigo, S, Pantaleoni, C, Riva, D, Uziel, G, Lavercla, Am, Permunian, A, Bova, S, Battini, R, Cilio, Mr, Di Sabato, M, Emma, F, Leuzzi, V, Parisi, P, Simonati, A, Al Tawari AA, Bastaki, L, Aqeel, A, De Jong MM, Koul, R, Rajab, A, Azam, M, Barbot, C, Rodriguez, B, Pascual Castroviejo, I, Comu, S, Akcakus, M, Nicholl, D, Woods, Cg, Bennet, C, Hurst, J, Walsh, Ca, Bernes, S, Sanchez, H, Clark, Ae, Donahue, C, Hahn, J, Sanger, Td, Gallager, Te, Dobyns, Wb, Daugherty, C, Krishnamoorthy, Ks, Sarco, D, Mckanna, T, Milisa, J, Chung, Wk, De Vivo DC, Raynes, H, Schubert, R, Seward, A, Brooks, Dg, Goldstein, A, Caldwell, J, Finsecke, E, Maria, Bl, Holden, K, Cruse, Rp, and Swoboda, Kj

Published
2007

49. The italian XLMR bank: a clinical and molecular database

Author

Pescucci, C., Caselli, R., Mari, F., Speciale, C., Ariani, F., Bruttini, M., Sampieri, K., Mencarelli, M. A., Scala, E., Longo, I., Artuso, R., Renieri, A., Meloni, I., The Members Of The Xlmr Italian Network Amoroso, A. Bassi M. T., Battaglia, A., Bedeschi, M. F., Bigoni, S., Borgatti, R., Carnevale, F., Caruso, U., Cavalli, P., Chiurazzi, P., D Alessandro, E., D’avanzo, G., Marchi, M., Di Rocco, M., Faravelli, F., Ferrero, G., Fichera, M., Fischetto, R., Galasso, C., Garavelli, L., Renzo Guerrini, Hladnik, U., giancarlo la marca, Lerone, M., Marchina, E., Mazzanti, L., Memo, L., Micheli, V., Moro, F., Murgia, A., Neri, G., Pantaleoni, C., Pergola, E. M., Priolo, M., Rinaldi, M. M., Rinaldi, R., Romano, C., Russo, S., Scarano, G., Selicorni, A., Sestini, S., Stangoni, G., Strisciuglio, P., Tenconi, R., Toniolo, D., Turolla, L., Verri, A., Zammarchi, Enrico, Zelante, L., and Zuffardi, O.

Published
2007

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