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1. Metabolomics and Microbiomics: New Potential Strategies in Chronic Pain Syndrome

Author

Piras C, Pintus BM, Noto A, Maurizio E, Fanos V, Mario M, Mussap M, Atzori L, Sardo S, and Gabriele F

Subjects
pain, chronic pain, metabolomics, microbiomics, biomarkers, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Cristina Piras,1 Bruno Maria Pintus,2 Antonio Noto,1 Maurizio Evangelista,3 Vassilios Fanos,4 Mario Musu,2 Michele Mussap,4 Luigi Atzori,1 Salvatore Sardo,2 Gabriele Finco2 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Italy; 2Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Italy; 3Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cattolica University, Rome, 00168, Italy; 4Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, ItalyCorrespondence: Antonio Noto, Email antonionoto@hotmail.comAbstract: Chronic pain affects almost 20% of the European adult population and it significantly reduces patients’ quality of life. Chronic pain is considered a multidimensional experience determined by the interaction of several genetic and environmental factors. The effect of specific genetic contributions is often unclear, and the interpretation of the results from studies focused on genetic influences on pain has been complicated by the existence of multiple pain phenotypes. A step forward from genetics could be given by the application of metabolomics and microbiomics tools. Metabolomics is a powerful approach for hypothesis generation in biology, and it aims to analyze low molecular weight compounds, either metabolic intermediates or metabolic end-products, resulting from human or microbial metabolism. Microbiomics is a fast-growing field in which all the microbes are examined together, and as a result, its perturbation may indicate the development of chronic diseases. By applying these methodologies for the study of chronic pain, several differences have been identified. The alteration of the choline-PAF pathway is an intriguing finding recognized by several groups. In our opinion, metabolomics and microbiomics techniques will allow significant progress into the medical field. Patients may benefit from the possibility of being stratified and classified based on their metabolic and microbial profile, which, in the next future, may lead to personalized therapy.Keywords: pain, chronic pain, metabolomics, microbiomics, biomarkers

Published
2022

3. Adolescent gender dysphoria management: position paper from the Italian Academy of Pediatrics, the Italian Society of Pediatrics, the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, the Italian Society of Adolescent Medicine and the Italian Society of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry

Author

Calcaterra, V, Tornese, G, Zuccotti, G, Staiano, A, Cherubini, V, Gaudino, R, Fazzi, E, Barbi, E, Chiarelli, F, Corsello, G, Esposito, S, Ferrara, P, Iughetti, L, Laforgia, N, Maghnie, M, Marseglia, G, Perilongo, G, Pettoello-Mantovani, M, Ruggieri, M, Russo, G, Salerno, M, Striano, P, Valerio, G, Wasniewska, M, Agosti, M, Agostoni, C, Aiuti, A, Azzari, C, Badolato, R, Balduzzi, A, Baraldi, E, Canani, R, Biffi, A, Biondi, A, Bisogno, G, Pierri, N, Carnielli, V, Cianfarani, S, Cogo, P, Corvaglia, L, Dani, C, Di Salvo, G, Fagioli, F, Fanos, V, Ferrero, G, Francavilla, R, Galli, L, Gazzolo, D, Giaquinto, C, Giordano, P, Gitto, E, Grosso, S, Guarino, A, Indrio, F, Lanari, M, Lionetti, P, Locatelli, F, Lombardo, F, Maffeis, C, Marino, B, Midulla, F, Del Giudice, E, Del Giudice, M, Montini, G, Parenti, G, Parisi, P, Peroni, D, Perrotta, S, Piacentini, G, Pietrobelli, A, Raimondi, F, Ramenghi, U, Ravelli, A, Romano, C, Rossi, F, Rossi, P, Damiano, V, Spalice, A, Suppiej, A, Troncone, R, Verrotti, A, Null, N, Calcaterra, Valeria, Tornese, Gianluca, Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo, Staiano, Annamaria, Cherubini, Valentino, Gaudino, Rossella, Fazzi, Elisa Maria, Barbi, Egidio, Chiarelli, Francesco, Corsello, Giovanni, Esposito, Susanna Maria Roberta, Ferrara, Pietro, Iughetti, Lorenzo, Laforgia, Nicola, Maghnie, Mohamad, Marseglia, Gianluigi, Perilongo, Giorgio, Pettoello-Mantovani, Massimo, Ruggieri, Martino, Russo, Giovanna, Salerno, Mariacarolina, Striano, Pasquale, Valerio, Giuliana, Wasniewska, Malgorzata, Agosti, Massimo, Agostoni, Carlo Virginio, Aiuti, Alessandro, Azzari, Chiara, Badolato, Raffaele, Balduzzi, Adriana, Baraldi, Eugenio, Canani, Roberto Berni, Biffi, Alessandra, Biondi, Andrea, Bisogno, Gianni, Pierri, Nicola Brunetti, Carnielli, Virginio, Cianfarani, Stefano, Cogo, Paola, Corvaglia, Luigi, Dani, Carlo, Di Salvo, Giovanni, Fagioli, Franca, Fanos, Vassilios, Ferrero, Giovanni Battista, Francavilla, Ruggiero, Galli, Luisa, Gazzolo, Diego, Giaquinto, Carlo, Giordano, Paola, Gitto, Eloisa, Grosso, Salvatore, Guarino, Alfredo, Indrio, Flavia, Lanari, Marcello, Lionetti, Paolo, Locatelli, Franco, Lombardo, Fortunato, Maffeis, Claudio, Marino, Bruno, Midulla, Fabio, Del Giudice, Emanuele Miraglia, Del Giudice, Michele Miraglia, Montini, Giovanni, Parenti, Giancarlo, Parisi, Pasquale, Peroni, Diego, Perrotta, Silverio, Piacentini, Giorgio, Pietrobelli, Angelo, Raimondi, Francesco, Ramenghi, Ugo, Ravelli, Angelo, Romano, Claudio, Rossi, Francesca, Rossi, Paolo, Damiano, Vincenzo Salpietro, Spalice, Alberto, Suppiej, Agnese, Troncone, Riccardo, Verrotti, Alberto, null, null, Calcaterra, V, Tornese, G, Zuccotti, G, Staiano, A, Cherubini, V, Gaudino, R, Fazzi, E, Barbi, E, Chiarelli, F, Corsello, G, Esposito, S, Ferrara, P, Iughetti, L, Laforgia, N, Maghnie, M, Marseglia, G, Perilongo, G, Pettoello-Mantovani, M, Ruggieri, M, Russo, G, Salerno, M, Striano, P, Valerio, G, Wasniewska, M, Agosti, M, Agostoni, C, Aiuti, A, Azzari, C, Badolato, R, Balduzzi, A, Baraldi, E, Canani, R, Biffi, A, Biondi, A, Bisogno, G, Pierri, N, Carnielli, V, Cianfarani, S, Cogo, P, Corvaglia, L, Dani, C, Di Salvo, G, Fagioli, F, Fanos, V, Ferrero, G, Francavilla, R, Galli, L, Gazzolo, D, Giaquinto, C, Giordano, P, Gitto, E, Grosso, S, Guarino, A, Indrio, F, Lanari, M, Lionetti, P, Locatelli, F, Lombardo, F, Maffeis, C, Marino, B, Midulla, F, Del Giudice, E, Del Giudice, M, Montini, G, Parenti, G, Parisi, P, Peroni, D, Perrotta, S, Piacentini, G, Pietrobelli, A, Raimondi, F, Ramenghi, U, Ravelli, A, Romano, C, Rossi, F, Rossi, P, Damiano, V, Spalice, A, Suppiej, A, Troncone, R, Verrotti, A, Null, N, Calcaterra, Valeria, Tornese, Gianluca, Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo, Staiano, Annamaria, Cherubini, Valentino, Gaudino, Rossella, Fazzi, Elisa Maria, Barbi, Egidio, Chiarelli, Francesco, Corsello, Giovanni, Esposito, Susanna Maria Roberta, Ferrara, Pietro, Iughetti, Lorenzo, Laforgia, Nicola, Maghnie, Mohamad, Marseglia, Gianluigi, Perilongo, Giorgio, Pettoello-Mantovani, Massimo, Ruggieri, Martino, Russo, Giovanna, Salerno, Mariacarolina, Striano, Pasquale, Valerio, Giuliana, Wasniewska, Malgorzata, Agosti, Massimo, Agostoni, Carlo Virginio, Aiuti, Alessandro, Azzari, Chiara, Badolato, Raffaele, Balduzzi, Adriana, Baraldi, Eugenio, Canani, Roberto Berni, Biffi, Alessandra, Biondi, Andrea, Bisogno, Gianni, Pierri, Nicola Brunetti, Carnielli, Virginio, Cianfarani, Stefano, Cogo, Paola, Corvaglia, Luigi, Dani, Carlo, Di Salvo, Giovanni, Fagioli, Franca, Fanos, Vassilios, Ferrero, Giovanni Battista, Francavilla, Ruggiero, Galli, Luisa, Gazzolo, Diego, Giaquinto, Carlo, Giordano, Paola, Gitto, Eloisa, Grosso, Salvatore, Guarino, Alfredo, Indrio, Flavia, Lanari, Marcello, Lionetti, Paolo, Locatelli, Franco, Lombardo, Fortunato, Maffeis, Claudio, Marino, Bruno, Midulla, Fabio, Del Giudice, Emanuele Miraglia, Del Giudice, Michele Miraglia, Montini, Giovanni, Parenti, Giancarlo, Parisi, Pasquale, Peroni, Diego, Perrotta, Silverio, Piacentini, Giorgio, Pietrobelli, Angelo, Raimondi, Francesco, Ramenghi, Ugo, Ravelli, Angelo, Romano, Claudio, Rossi, Francesca, Rossi, Paolo, Damiano, Vincenzo Salpietro, Spalice, Alberto, Suppiej, Agnese, Troncone, Riccardo, Verrotti, Alberto, and null, null

Abstract

Background In response to the imperative need for standardized support for adolescent Gender Dysphoria (GD), the Italian Academy of Pediatrics, in collaboration with the Italian Society of Pediatrics, the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Italian Society of Adolescent Medicine and Italian Society of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry is drafting a position paper. The purpose of this paper is to convey the author's opinion on the topic, offering foundational information on potential aspects of gender-affirming care and emphasizing the care and protection of children and adolescents with GD.Main body Recognizing that adolescents may choose interventions based on their unique needs and goals and understanding that every individual within this group has a distinct trajectory, it is crucial to ensure that each one is welcomed and supported. The approach to managing individuals with GD is a multi-stage process involving a multidisciplinary team throughout all phases. Decisions regarding treatment should be reached collaboratively by healthcare professionals and the family, while considering the unique needs and circumstances of the individual and be guided by scientific evidence rather than biases or ideologies. Politicians and high court judges should address discrimination based on gender identity in legislation and support service development that aligns with the needs of young people. It is essential to establish accredited multidisciplinary centers equipped with the requisite skills and experience to effectively manage adolescents with GD, thereby ensuring the delivery of high-quality care.Conclusion Maintaining an evidence-based approach is essential to safeguard the well-being of transgender and gender diverse adolescents.

Published
2024

5. Recommendations on Complementary Feeding as a Tool for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)—Paper Co-Drafted by the SIPPS, FIMP, SIDOHaD, and SINUPE Joint Working Group

Author

Caroli, M, Vania, A, Verga, M, Di Mauro, G, Bergamini, M, Cuomo, B, D'Anna, R, D'Antonio, G, Iacono, I, Dessi, A, Doria, M, Fanos, V, Fiore, M, Francavilla, R, Genovesi, S, Giussani, M, Gritti, A, Iafusco, D, Leonardi, L, Miniello, V, Del Giudice, E, Palma, F, Pastore, F, Scotese, I, Simeone, G, Squicciarini, M, Tezza, G, Troiano, E, Umano, G, Caroli M., Vania A., Verga M. C., Di Mauro G., Bergamini M., Cuomo B., D'anna R., D'antonio G., Iacono I. D., Dessi A., Doria M., Fanos V., Fiore M., Francavilla R., Genovesi S., Giussani M., Gritti A., Iafusco D., Leonardi L., Miniello V. L., Del Giudice E. M., Palma F., Pastore F., Scotese I., Simeone G., Squicciarini M., Tezza G., Troiano E., Umano G. R., Caroli, M, Vania, A, Verga, M, Di Mauro, G, Bergamini, M, Cuomo, B, D'Anna, R, D'Antonio, G, Iacono, I, Dessi, A, Doria, M, Fanos, V, Fiore, M, Francavilla, R, Genovesi, S, Giussani, M, Gritti, A, Iafusco, D, Leonardi, L, Miniello, V, Del Giudice, E, Palma, F, Pastore, F, Scotese, I, Simeone, G, Squicciarini, M, Tezza, G, Troiano, E, Umano, G, Caroli M., Vania A., Verga M. C., Di Mauro G., Bergamini M., Cuomo B., D'anna R., D'antonio G., Iacono I. D., Dessi A., Doria M., Fanos V., Fiore M., Francavilla R., Genovesi S., Giussani M., Gritti A., Iafusco D., Leonardi L., Miniello V. L., Del Giudice E. M., Palma F., Pastore F., Scotese I., Simeone G., Squicciarini M., Tezza G., Troiano E., and Umano G. R.

Abstract

Adequate and balanced nutrition is essential to promote optimal child growth and a long and healthy life. After breastfeeding, the second step is the introduction of complementary feeding (CF), a process that typically covers the period from 6 to 24 months of age. This process is, however, still highly controversial, as it is heavily influenced by socio-cultural choices, as well as by the availability of specific local foods, by family traditions, and pediatrician beliefs. The Società Italiana di Pediatria Preventiva e Sociale (SIPPS) together with the Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri (FIMP), the Società Italiana per lo Sviluppo e le Origine della Salute e delle Malattie (SIDOHaD), and the Società Italiana di Nutrizione Pediatrica (SINUPE) have developed evidence-based recommendations for CF, given the importance of nutrition in the first 1000 days of life in influencing even long-term health outcomes. This paper includes 38 recommendations, all of them strictly evidence-based and overall addressed to developed countries. The recommendations in question cover several top-ics such as the appropriate age for the introduction of CF, the most appropriate quantitative and qualitative modalities to be chosen, and the relationship between CF and the development of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) later in life.

Published
2022

8. Metabolomics and Microbiomics: New Potential Strategies in Chronic Pain Syndrome

Author

Piras, C., Pintus, B. M., Noto, A., Evangelista, Maurizio, Fanos, V., Musu, M., Mussap, M., Atzori, L., Sardo, S., Finco, G., Evangelista M. (ORCID:0000-0001-8438-3480), Piras, C., Pintus, B. M., Noto, A., Evangelista, Maurizio, Fanos, V., Musu, M., Mussap, M., Atzori, L., Sardo, S., Finco, G., and Evangelista M. (ORCID:0000-0001-8438-3480)

Abstract

Chronic pain affects almost 20% of the European adult population and it significantly reduces patients’ quality of life. Chronic pain is considered a multidimensional experience determined by the interaction of several genetic and environmental factors. The effect of specific genetic contributions is often unclear, and the interpretation of the results from studies focused on genetic influences on pain has been complicated by the existence of multiple pain phenotypes. A step forward from genetics could be given by the application of metabolomics and microbiomics tools. Metabolomics is a powerful approach for hypothesis generation in biology, and it aims to analyze low molecular weight compounds, either metabolic intermediates or metabolic end-products, resulting from human or microbial metabolism. Microbiomics is a fast-growing field in which all the microbes are examined together, and as a result, its perturbation may indicate the development of chronic diseases. By applying these methodologies for the study of chronic pain, several differences have been identified. The alteration of the choline-PAF pathway is an intriguing finding recognized by several groups. In our opinion, metabolomics and microbiomics techniques will allow significant progress into the medical field. Patients may benefit from the possibility of being stratified and classified based on their metabolic and microbial profile, which, in the next future, may lead to personalized therapy.

Published
2022

9. Inter-society consensus for the use of inhaled corticosteroids in infants, children and adolescents with airway diseases (vol 47, pg 1, 2021)

Author

Duse, M, Santamaria, F, Verga, M, Bergamini, M, Simeone, G, Leonardi, L, Tezza, G, Bianchi, A, Capuano, A, Cardinale, F, Cerimoniale, G, Landi, M, Malventano, M, Tosca, M, Varricchio, A, Zicari, A, Alfaro, C, Barberi, S, Becherucci, P, Bernardini, R, Biasci, P, Caffarelli, C, Caldarelli, V, Capristo, C, Castronuovo, S, Chiappini, E, Cutrera, R, De Castro, G, De Franciscis, L, Decimo, F, Iacono, I, Diaferio, L, Di Cicco, M, Di Mauro, C, Di Mauro, D, Di Mauro, F, Di Mauro, G, Doria, M, Falsaperla, R, Ferraro, V, Fanos, V, Galli, E, Ghiglioni, D, Indinnimeo, L, Kantar, A, Lamborghini, A, Licari, A, Lubrano, R, Luciani, S, Macri, F, Marseglia, G, Martelli, A, Masini, L, Midulla, F, Minasi, D, Miniello, V, Del Giudice, M, Morandini, S, Nardini, G, Nocerino, A, Novembre, E, Pajno, G, Paravati, F, Piacentini, G, Piersantelli, C, Pozzobon, G, Ricci, G, Spanevello, V, Turra, R, Zanconato, S, Borrelli, M, Villani, A, Corsello, G, and Peroni, D

Subjects
Settore MED/38
Published
2022

10. Evaluating kidney damage from vesico-ureteral reflux in children

Author

Zaffanello M, Franchini M, Brugnara M, and Fanos V

Subjects
Meta-analysis, Primary vesico-ureteral reflux, Congenital kidney damage, Children, Medicine
Abstract

To review the most relevant clinical studies that evaluate kidney damage in children with primary vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR), we reviewed and compared randomized controlled trials and clinical trials from scientific literature. In these studies, vesico-ureteral reflux was diagnosed by voiding cystourethrogram and kidney damage was assessed by either DMSA scan or urography. Relative risk with 95% confidence intervals was calculated using Review Manager Software (The Cochrane Collaboration, 2000). The overall relative risk of kidney damage shown by DMSA scan and urography was statistically higher in children with vesico-ureteral reflux of various degrees than in controls (3.7 times and 2.8 times, respectively). However, in high-grade VUR, the relative risk of congenital kidney damage was 5.6 times that of controls. We conclude that severe VUR is frequently associated with early kidney damage, perhaps with prenatal onset. Progression of kidney damage may depend on the severity of VUR and untreated urinary tract infections. Prevention of congenital kidney damage from severe VUR is possible when there is early intervention, even during fetal growth.

Published
2009

11. Sportomics: metabolomics applied to sports. The new revolution?

Author

Bongiovanni T, Pintus R, Dessì A, Noto A, Sardo S, Finco G, Corsello G, Fanos V, and Bongiovanni T, Pintus R, Dessì A, Noto A, Sardo S, Finco G, Corsello G, Fanos V

Subjects
sportomics, metabolomics, exercise physiology, Humans, Metabolomics, Exercise, Sports
Abstract

Sportomics is the application of metabolomics in sports to investigate the metabolic effects of physical exercise on individuals, whether they are professional athletes or not. Metabolomics is one of the "omics" sciences that provide a picture of the metabolic state of a person in physiological or pathological conditions. This is achieved through the analysis of metabolites present in a biological fluid, such as saliva, blood, feces, and urine. The authors revised the recent literature concerning this topic and discussed the useful information that sportomics can provide and the limits of the current experimental settings. Furthermore, in the future, sportomics analyses could be used to prevent and manage injuries as it would be known in advance if an athlete is more prone to experience muscular damage or fatigue. Following more trials, it would also be possible to set the best diet and training programs to get the best performances out of the athletes. Moreover, based on their metabolic profiles, both adults and children could choose tailored physical training in order to preserve and improve their health.

Published
2019

14. Overview of CAPICE—Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe—an EU Marie Skłodowska-Curie International Training Network

Author

Rajula, H.S.R. (Hema Sekhar Reddy), Manchia, M. (Mriko), Agarwal, K. (Kratika), Akingbuwa, W.A. (Wonuola A.), Allegrini, A.G. (Andrea G.), Diemer, E. (Elizabeth), Doering, S. (Sabrina), Haan, E. (Elis), Jami, E.S. (Eshim S.), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Leone, M. (Marica), Schellhas, L. (Laura), Thompson, A. (Ashley), Berg, S.M. (Stéphanie) van den, Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Hammerschlag, A.R. (Anke R.), Järvelin, M.R. (Marjo Riitta), Leval, A. (Amy), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Mauri, M. (Matteo), Munafò, M.R. (Marcus), Myers, D. (David), Plomin, R. (Robert), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Tiemeier, H.W. (Henning), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Bartels, M. (Meike), Middeldorp, C.M. (Christel M.), Rajula, H.S.R. (Hema Sekhar Reddy), Manchia, M. (Mriko), Agarwal, K. (Kratika), Akingbuwa, W.A. (Wonuola A.), Allegrini, A.G. (Andrea G.), Diemer, E. (Elizabeth), Doering, S. (Sabrina), Haan, E. (Elis), Jami, E.S. (Eshim S.), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Leone, M. (Marica), Schellhas, L. (Laura), Thompson, A. (Ashley), Berg, S.M. (Stéphanie) van den, Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Hammerschlag, A.R. (Anke R.), Järvelin, M.R. (Marjo Riitta), Leval, A. (Amy), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Mauri, M. (Matteo), Munafò, M.R. (Marcus), Myers, D. (David), Plomin, R. (Robert), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Tiemeier, H.W. (Henning), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Bartels, M. (Meike), and Middeldorp, C.M. (Christel M.)

Abstract

The Roadmap for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research in Europe (ROAMER) identified child and adolescent mental illness as a priority area for research. CAPICE (Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe) is a European Union (EU) funded training network aimed at investigating the causes of individual differences in common childhood and adolescent psychopathology, especially depression, anxiety, and attention defici

Published
2021
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15. Overview of CAPICE—childhood and adolescence psychopathology:unravelling the complex etiology by a large interdisciplinary collaboration in Europe—an EU Marie Skłodowska‑Curie International Training Network

Author

Rajula, H. S. (Hema Sekhar Reddy), Manchia, M. (Mirko), Agarwal, K. (Kratika), Akingbuwa, W. A. (Wonuola A.), Allegrini, A. G. (Andrea G.), Diemer, E. (Elizabeth), Doering, S. (Sabrina), Haan, E. (Elis), Jami, E. S. (Eshim S.), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Leone, M. (Marica), Schellhas, L. (Laura), Thompson, A. (Ashley), van den Berg, S. M. (Stéphanie M.), Bergen, S. E. (Sarah E.), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Hammerschlag, A. R. (Anke R.), Järvelin, M. R. (Marjo Riitta), Leval, A. (Amy), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Mauri, M. (Matteo), Munafò, M. R. (Marcus R.), Myers, D. (David), Plomin, R. (Robert), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Tiemeier, H. (Henning), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Bartels, M. (Meike), Middeldorp, C. M. (Christel M.), Rajula, H. S. (Hema Sekhar Reddy), Manchia, M. (Mirko), Agarwal, K. (Kratika), Akingbuwa, W. A. (Wonuola A.), Allegrini, A. G. (Andrea G.), Diemer, E. (Elizabeth), Doering, S. (Sabrina), Haan, E. (Elis), Jami, E. S. (Eshim S.), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Leone, M. (Marica), Schellhas, L. (Laura), Thompson, A. (Ashley), van den Berg, S. M. (Stéphanie M.), Bergen, S. E. (Sarah E.), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Hammerschlag, A. R. (Anke R.), Järvelin, M. R. (Marjo Riitta), Leval, A. (Amy), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Mauri, M. (Matteo), Munafò, M. R. (Marcus R.), Myers, D. (David), Plomin, R. (Robert), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Tiemeier, H. (Henning), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Bartels, M. (Meike), and Middeldorp, C. M. (Christel M.)

Abstract

The Roadmap for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research in Europe (ROAMER) identified child and adolescent mental illness as a priority area for research. CAPICE (Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe) is a European Union (EU) funded training network aimed at investigating the causes of individual differences in common childhood and adolescent psychopathology, especially depression, anxiety, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. CAPICE brings together eight birth and childhood cohorts as well as other cohorts from the EArly Genetics and Life course Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortium, including twin cohorts, with unique longitudinal data on environmental exposures and mental health problems, and genetic data on participants. Here we describe the objectives, summarize the methodological approaches and initial results, and present the dissemination strategy of the CAPICE network. Besides identifying genetic and epigenetic variants associated with these phenotypes, analyses have been performed to shed light on the role of genetic factors and the interplay with the environment in influencing the persistence of symptoms across the lifespan. Data harmonization and building an advanced data catalogue are also part of the work plan. Findings will be disseminated to non-academic parties, in close collaboration with the Global Alliance of Mental Illness Advocacy Networks-Europe (GAMIAN-Europe).

Published
2021

17. Omics and coagulation disorders in pregnancy

Author

Hod, M, Berghella, V, D'Alton, M, Di Renzo, GC, Gratacos, E, Fanos, V, Ornaghi, S, Paidas, M, Paidas, MJ, Hod, M, Berghella, V, D'Alton, M, Di Renzo, GC, Gratacos, E, Fanos, V, Ornaghi, S, Paidas, M, and Paidas, MJ

Published
2020

27. Oxidative stress and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Evidences from microbiomics, metabolomics, and proteomics

Author

Capasso, L., Vento, G., Loddo, C., Tirone, C., Iavarone, F., Raimondi, F., Dani, C., Fanos, V., Vento G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8132-5127), Tirone C., Iavarone F. (ORCID:0000-0002-2074-5531), Capasso, L., Vento, G., Loddo, C., Tirone, C., Iavarone, F., Raimondi, F., Dani, C., Fanos, V., Vento G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8132-5127), Tirone C., and Iavarone F. (ORCID:0000-0002-2074-5531)

Abstract

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a major issue affecting morbidity and mortality of surviving premature babies. Preterm newborns are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia have a typical oxidation pattern in the early stages of this disease, suggesting the important role of oxidative stress in its pathogenesis. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a complex disease where knowledge advances as new investigative tools become available. The explosion of the "omics" disciplines has recently affected BPD research. This review focuses on the new evidence coming from microbiomics, metabolomics and proteomics in relation to oxidative stress and pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Since the pathogenesis is not yet completely understood, information gained in this regard would be important for planning an efficacious prevention and treatment strategy for the future.

Published
2019

29. Intersociety policy statement on the use of whole-exome sequencing in the critically ill newborn infant

Author

Borghesi, A, Mencarelli, Ma, Memo, L, Ferrero, Gb, Bartuli, A, Genuardi, M, Stronati, M, Villani, A, Renieri, A, Corsello, G, Their Respective Scientific Societies, Agostiniani, R, Staiano, A, Del Vecchio, A, Banderali, G, Peroni, D, Piazzolla, R, Turra, R, Bozzola, E, Vecchio, D, Rosati, Gv, Macrì, F, Romagnoli, C, De Curtis, M, Orfeo, L, Mangili, G, Mosca, F, Fanos, V, Paolillo, P, Raimondi, F, Rizzo, A, Chirico, G, Corvaglia, Lt, Cacace, Concetta, Poggiani, C, Zuppa, Aa, Pisano, D, Melis, D, Giuffrè, M, Carbone, Mt, Macchiaiolo, M, Tarani, L, Selicorni, A, Andria, G, Coviello, D, Gentile, M, Ghiorzo, P, Novelli, A, Ragusa, A, Scarano, G, Giardino, D., Borghesi A, Mencarelli MA, Memo L, Ferrero GB, Bartuli A, Genuardi M, Stronati M, Villani A, Renieri A, Corsello G, Borghesi, Alessandro, Mencarelli, Maria Antonietta, Memo, Luigi, Ferrero, Giovanni Battista, Bartuli, Andrea, Genuardi, Maurizio, Stronati, Mauro, Villani, Alberto, Renieri, Alessandra, Corsello, Giovanni, and Agostiniani R, Staiano A, Del Vecchio A, Banderali G, Peroni D, Piazzolla R, Turra R, Bozzola E, Vecchio D, Rosati GV, Macrì F, Romagnoli C, De Curtis M, Orfeo L, Mangili G, Mosca F, Fanos V, Paolillo P, Raimondi F, Rizzo A, Chirico G, Corvaglia LT, Cacace C, Poggiani C, Zuppa AA, Pisano D, Melis D, Giuffrè M, Carbone MT, Macchiaiolo M, Tarani L, Selicorni A, Andria G, Coviello D, Gentile M, Ghiorzo P, Novelli A, Ragusa A, Scarano G, Giardino D.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Neonatal intensive care unit, Disease, Review, 030105 genetics & heredity, Pediatrics, Whole Exome Sequencing, Neonate, Neonatal, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Diagnosis, Policy Making, Exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, Genome, lcsh:RJ1-570, Perinatology and Child Health, Settore MED/38, Intensive Care Units, Italy, Whole-exome sequencing, Practice Guidelines as Topic, symbols, WES, Female, Human, Diagnosi, NICU, medicine.medical_specialty, Mendelian, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Neonatal Screening, Genetic, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Exome Sequencing, medicine, WGS, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Humans, Genetic Testing, Intensive care medicine, Settore MED/06 - ONCOLOGIA MEDICA, Genetic heterogeneity, Critically ill, business.industry, Genome, Human, Infant, Newborn, Infant, lcsh:Pediatrics, Newborn, Infant newborn, 030104 developmental biology, Differential diagnosis, business
Abstract

The rapid advancement of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and the decrease in costs for whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequening (WGS), has prompted its clinical application in several fields of medicine. Currently, there are no specific guidelines for the use of NGS in the field of neonatal medicine and in the diagnosis of genetic diseases in critically ill newborn infants. As a consequence, NGS may be underused with reduced diagnostic success rate, or overused, with increased costs for the healthcare system. Most genetic diseases may be already expressed during the neonatal age, but their identification may be complicated by nonspecific presentation, especially in the setting of critical clinical conditions. The differential diagnosis process in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may be time-consuming, uncomfortable for the patient due to repeated sampling, and ineffective in reaching a molecular diagnosis during NICU stay. Serial gene sequencing (Sanger sequencing) may be successful only for conditions for which the clinical phenotype strongly suggests a diagnostic hypothesis and for genetically homogeneous diseases. Newborn screenings with Guthrie cards, which vary from country to country, are designed to only test for a few dozen genetic diseases out of the more than 6000 diseases for which a genetic characterization is available. The use of WES in selected cases in the NICU may overcome these issues. We present an intersociety document that aims to define the best indications for the use of WES in different clinical scenarios in the NICU. We propose that WES is used in the NICU for critically ill newborn infants when an early diagnosis is desirable to guide the clinical management during NICU stay, when a strong hypothesis cannot be formulated based on the clinical phenotype or the disease is genetically heterogeneous, and when specific non-genetic laboratory tests are not available. The use of WES may reduce the time for diagnosis in infants during NICU stay and may eventually result in cost-effectiveness.

Published
2017

31. Fusobacterium nucleatum and alteration of the oral microbiome: from pregnancy to SARS-COV-2 infection.

Author

DESSÌ, A., BOSCO, A., PINTUS, R., ORRÙ, G., and FANOS, V.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The human being has evolved in close symbiosis with its own ecological community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria. After the intestinal microbiome, that of the oral cavity is the largest and most diversified. Its importance is reflected not only in local and systemic diseases, but also in pregnancy since it would seem to influence the placental microbiome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a literature review of articles published in PubMed about Fusobacterium Nucleatum and both its implications with systemic and oral health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, flavors perception and its interference in the oral-nasal mucosal immunity. RESULTS: I t i s i n m aintaining t he m icrobiome’s homeostasis that the Fusobacterium nucleatum, an opportunistic periodontal pathogen of the oral cavity, plays a crucial role both as a bridge microorganism of the tongue biofilm, and in maintaining the balance between the different species in the oral-nasal mucosal immunity also by taste receptors interaction. It is also involved in the flavor perception and its detection in the oral microbiome of children from the first days of life suggests a possible physiological role. However, the dysbiosis can determine its pathogenicity with local and systemic consequences, including the pathogenesis of respiratory infections. CONCLUSIONS: It is interesting to evaluate its possible correlation with Sars-CoV-2 and the consequences on the microflora of the oral cavity, both to promote a possible broad-spectrum preventive action, in favor of all subjects for whom, by promoting the eubiosis of the oral microbiome, a defensive action could be envisaged by the commensals themselves but, above all, for patients with specific comorbidities and therefore already prone to oral dysbiosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

33. CAPICE: childhood and adolescence psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large interdisciplinary collaboration in Europe

Author

Rajula, H.S.R., Allegrini, A.G., Shahid, E., Agarwal, K., Karhunen, V., Akingbuwa, O., Haan, E., Diemer, E., Schellhas, L., Thompson, A., Doering, S., Leone, M., Fanos, V., and Research Methodology, Measurement and Data Analysis

Subjects
behavioral disciplines and activities
Abstract

This study aims to harmonize questionnaire item data with an objective of having one phenotype that is comparable across various cohorts. Our focus here is on internalizing problems and ADHD symptoms. In order to harmonize questionnaire item data, we used the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort study (RAINE) dataset as it consists of both Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) data on 10-year-old children.

Published
2018

34. Metabolomics of breast milk: The importance of phenotypes

Author

Dessì, A. Briana, D. Corbu, S. Gavrili, S. Marincola, F.C. Georgantzi, S. Pintus, R. Fanos, V. Malamitsi-Puchner, A.

Abstract

Breast milk is the gold standard of nutrition for newborns. Its composition is tailored to the nutritional needs of the infant and varies between mothers. In recent years, several bioactive molecules have been discovered in addition to the main nutrients, such as multipotent stem cells, hormones, immunoglobulins, and bacteria. Furthermore, the human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) seem to exert several important protective biological functions. According to the HMOs’ composition, breast milk can be classified as a secretory or non-secretory phenotype. In our study, we investigated the metabolome of milk collected from 58 mothers that delivered neonates at term, that were appropriate, small or large for gestational age, by performing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H-NMR). From the data analysis, two groups were distinguished based on their different types of oligosaccharides, and classified according the mother phenotype: secretory and non-secretory. This information is of major importance given the different biological function of the different HMOs, such as immune-modulation and protection against disease. This would allow us to predict whether the neonate would be, for instance, more prone to developing certain diseases, and to tailor her or his nutrition to fit their needs perfectly and pave the way to a personalized nutrition. © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Published
2018

36. What if COVID-19 affects the child: which weapons and how to use them.

Author

ANEDDA, L., BIANCHINI, L., CUZZOLIN, L., FINCO, G., FANOS, V., and MARCIALIS, M. A.

Abstract

Since the reports in Wuhan (China), in December 2019, of the first cluster of cases of pneumonia caused by the new Coronavirus called 2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2, there has been a pandemic spread of the infection. By now, we have no specific therapy to counteract this emergency. The latest epidemiological data suggest that children are just as likely as adults to get infected by the virus. Most of them show mild clinical pictures or are completely asymptomatic, but there is an increased risk for severe disease in infancy (<12 months of age) and in children with underlying medical conditions. In this article, research achievements on the treatment of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

37. Childhood aggression and the co-occurrence of behavioural and emotional problems

Author

Bartels, M. (Meike), Hendriks, A. (Anne), Mauri, M. (Matteo), Krapohl, E. (Eva), Whipp, A. (Alyce), Bolhuis, K. (Koen), Conde, L.C. (Lucia Colodro), Luningham, J. (Justin), Fung Ip, H. (Hill), Hagenbeek, F. (Fiona), Roetman, P. (Peter), Gatej, R. (Raluca), Lamers, A. (Audri), Nivard, M. (Michel), Dongen, J. (Jenny) van, Lu, Y. (Yi), Middeldorp, C.M. (Christel), Beijsterveldt, C.E.M. (Toos) van, Vermeiren, R.R.J.M. (Robert R.J.M.), Hankemeijer, T. (Thomas), Kluft, C. (Cees), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Lundström, S. (Sebastian), Rose, R.J. (Richard), Pulkkinen, L. (Lea), Vuoksimaa, E. (Eero), Korhonen, T. (Tellervo), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Lubke, G.H. (Gitta), Finkenauer, C. (Catrin), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Tiemeier, H.W. (Henning), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Plomin, R. (Robert), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Bartels, M. (Meike), Hendriks, A. (Anne), Mauri, M. (Matteo), Krapohl, E. (Eva), Whipp, A. (Alyce), Bolhuis, K. (Koen), Conde, L.C. (Lucia Colodro), Luningham, J. (Justin), Fung Ip, H. (Hill), Hagenbeek, F. (Fiona), Roetman, P. (Peter), Gatej, R. (Raluca), Lamers, A. (Audri), Nivard, M. (Michel), Dongen, J. (Jenny) van, Lu, Y. (Yi), Middeldorp, C.M. (Christel), Beijsterveldt, C.E.M. (Toos) van, Vermeiren, R.R.J.M. (Robert R.J.M.), Hankemeijer, T. (Thomas), Kluft, C. (Cees), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Lundström, S. (Sebastian), Rose, R.J. (Richard), Pulkkinen, L. (Lea), Vuoksimaa, E. (Eero), Korhonen, T. (Tellervo), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Lubke, G.H. (Gitta), Finkenauer, C. (Catrin), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Tiemeier, H.W. (Henning), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Plomin, R. (Robert), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), and Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret)

Abstract

Childhood aggression and its resulting consequences inflict a huge burden on affected children, their relatives, teachers, peers and society as a whole. Aggression during childhood rarely occurs in isolation and is correlated with other symptoms of childhood psychopathology. In this paper, we aim to describe and improve the understanding of the co-occurrence of aggression with other forms of childhood psychopa

Published
2018
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38. Childhood aggression and the co-occurrence of behavioural and emotional problems: results across ages 3-16years from multiple raters in six cohorts in the EU-ACTION project

Author

Bartels, M, Hendriks, A (Anne), Mauri, M, Krapohl, E, Whipp, A, Bolhuis, Koen, Conde, LC, Luningham, J, Ip, HF, Hagenbeek, F, Roetman, P, Gatej, R, Lamers, A, Nivard, M, Dongen, J, Lu, Y, Middeldorp, C, Beijsterveldt, T, Vermeiren, R, Hankemeijer, T, Kluft, C, Medland, S, Lundstrom, S, Rose, R, Pulkkinen, L, Vuoksimaa, E, Korhonen, T, Martin, NG, Lubke, G, Finkenauer, C, Fanos, V, Tiemeier, Henning, Lichtenstein, P, Plomin, R, Kaprio, J, Boomsma, DI, Bartels, M, Hendriks, A (Anne), Mauri, M, Krapohl, E, Whipp, A, Bolhuis, Koen, Conde, LC, Luningham, J, Ip, HF, Hagenbeek, F, Roetman, P, Gatej, R, Lamers, A, Nivard, M, Dongen, J, Lu, Y, Middeldorp, C, Beijsterveldt, T, Vermeiren, R, Hankemeijer, T, Kluft, C, Medland, S, Lundstrom, S, Rose, R, Pulkkinen, L, Vuoksimaa, E, Korhonen, T, Martin, NG, Lubke, G, Finkenauer, C, Fanos, V, Tiemeier, Henning, Lichtenstein, P, Plomin, R, Kaprio, J, and Boomsma, DI

Published
2018

40. The Impact of Kidney Development on the Life Course: A Consensus Document for Action The Low Birth Weight and Nephron Number Working Group

Author

Brenner, BM, Charlton, J, Luyckx, V, Manfellotto, D, Perico, N, Remuzzi, G, Somaschini, M, Valensise, H, Adu, D, Allegaert, Karel, Benedetto, C, Cetin, I, Chevalier, R, Cortinovis, M, D'Anna, R, Duvekot, J.J., Escribano, J, Fanos, V, Ferrazzi, E, Frusca, T, Glassock, RJ, Gyselaers, W, Mecacci, F, Montini, G, Osmond, C, Ramenghi, L, Romagnani, P, Santoro, A, Simeoni, U, Steegers, Eric, Vikse, BE, Pediatric Surgery, and Obstetrics & Gynecology

Published
2017

41. Risk factors for bronchiolitis hospitalization during the first year of life in a multicenter Italian birth cohort

Author

Lanari M, Prinelli F, Adorni F, Di Santo S, Vandini S, Silvestri M, Musicco M, Faldella G, Spinelli M, Corsello G, Gabriele B, La Forgia N, Loprieno S, Boldrini A, Vuerich M, Del Vecchio A, Bertino E, Fabris C, Coscia A, Fanos V, Puddu M, Gargano G, Braibanti S, Corso G, Orfeo L, De Luca MG, Paolillo P, Fabiano A, Barberi I, Arco A, Barboni G, Molinari L, Bonomi A, Ladetto L, Carlucci A, Zorzi G, Dall’Agnola A, Girardi E, Di Fabio S, Faccia P, Bottau P, Macagno F, Ellero S, Magaldi R, Rinaldi M, Memo L, Nicolini G, Ngalikpima CJ, Nosari N, Sarnelli P, Parmigiani S, Agosti M, Negri C, Corona MF, Piano F, Scarcella A, Umbaldo A, De Curtis M, Natale F, Aurilia C, Romagnoli C, Lanari, Marcello, Prinelli, Federica, Adorni, Fulvio, Di Santo, Simona, Vandini, Silvia, Silvestri, Michela, Musicco, Massimo, and Lanari M, Prinelli F, Adorni F, Di Santo S, Vandini S, Silvestri M, Musicco M, Faldella G, Spinelli M, Corsello G, Gabriele B, La Forgia N, Loprieno S, Boldrini A, Vuerich M, Del Vecchio A, Bertino E, Fabris C, Coscia A, Fanos V, Puddu M, Gargano G, Braibanti S, Corso G, Orfeo L, De Luca MG, Paolillo P, Fabiano A, Barberi I, Arco A, Barboni G, Molinari L, Bonomi A, Ladetto L, Carlucci A, Zorzi G, Dall’Agnola A, Girardi E, Di Fabio S, Faccia P, Bottau P, Macagno F, Ellero S, Magaldi R, Rinaldi M, Memo L, Nicolini G, Ngalikpima CJ, Nosari N, Sarnelli P, Parmigiani S, Agosti M, Negri C, Corona MF, Piano F, Scarcella A, Umbaldo A, De Curtis M, Natale F, Aurilia C, Romagnoli C

Subjects
Palivizumab, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, Gestational Age, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Respiratory syncytial virus, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Sex Factors, Risk Factors, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Bronchiolitis, Viral, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Bronchiolitis, Children, Hospitalization, Prophylaxis, Risk factor, Breast Feeding, Crowding, Female, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Multivariate Analysis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Viral, Bronchiolitis, Hospitalization, Risk factor, Respiratory syncytial virus, Prophylaxis, Palivizumab, Children, business.industry, Research, Gestational age, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine.disease, Newborn, 3. Good health, Gestation, business, Breast feeding, medicine.drug, Cohort study
Abstract

Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is one of the main causes of respiratory infections during the first year of life. Very premature infants may contract more severe diseases and 'late preterm infants' may also be more susceptible to the infection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk factors for hospitalization during the first year of life in children born at different gestational ages in Italy. Methods: A cohort of 33-34 weeks gestational age (wGA) newborns matched by sex and age with two cohort of newborns born at 35-37 wGA and >37 wGA were enrolled in this study for a three-year period (2009-2012). Hospitalization for bronchiolitis (ICD-9 code 466.1) during the first year of life was assessed through phone interview at the end of the RSV season (November-March) and at the completion of the first year of life. Results: The study enrolled 2314 newborns, of which 2210 (95.5 %) had a one year follow-up and were included in the analysis; 120 (5.4 %) were hospitalized during the first year of life for bronchiolitis. Children born at 33-34 wGA had a higher hospitalization rate compared to the two other groups. The multivariate analysis carried out on the entire population associated the following factors with higher rates for bronchiolitis hospitalization: male gender; prenatal treatment with corticosteroids; prenatal exposure to maternal smoking; singleton delivery; respiratory diseases in neonatal period; surfactant therapy; lack of breastfeeding; siblings

Published
2015
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42. Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure increases hospitalizations for bronchiolitis in infants

Author

Lanari M, Vandini S, Adorni F, Prinelli F, Di Santo S, Silvestri M, Musicco M, ' Faldella G, Spinelli M, Corsello G, La Forgia N, Loprieno S, Boldrini A, Vuerich M, Del Vecchio A, Fabris C, Bertino E, Gaudino M, Coscia A, Fanos V, Puddu M, Gargano G, Braibanti S, Corso G, Orfeo L, De Luca MG, Paolillo P, Fabiano A, Barberi I, Barboni G, Molinari L, Bonomi A, Ladetto L, Carlucci A, Zorzi G, De Curtis M, Natale F, Di Fabio S, Faccia P, Bottau P, Macagno F, Ellero S, Magaldi R, Rinaldi M, Memo L, Nicolini G, Ngalikpima CJ, Nosari N, Sarnelli P, Parmigiani S, Agosti M, Negri C, Corona MF, Piano F, Umbaldo A, Dall’Agnola A, Girardi E, Gabriele B, Aurilia C, Romagnoli C, Lanari M, Vandini S, Adorni F, Prinelli F, Di Santo S, Silvestri M, Musicco M, ' Faldella G, Spinelli M, Corsello G, La Forgia N, Loprieno S, Boldrini A, Vuerich M, Del Vecchio A, Fabris C, Bertino E, Gaudino M, Coscia A, Fanos V, Puddu M, Gargano G, Braibanti S, Corso G, Orfeo L, De Luca MG, Paolillo P, Fabiano A, Barberi I, Barboni G, Molinari L, Bonomi A, Ladetto L, Carlucci A, Zorzi G, De Curtis M, Natale F, Di Fabio S, Faccia P, Bottau P, Macagno F, Ellero S, Magaldi R, Rinaldi M, Memo L, Nicolini G, Ngalikpima CJ, Nosari N, Sarnelli P, Parmigiani S, Agosti M, Negri C, Corona MF, Piano F, Umbaldo A, Dall’Agnola A, Girardi E, Gabriele B, Aurilia C, Romagnoli C, Lanari, Marcello, Vandini, Silvia, Adorni, Fulvio, Prinelli, Federica, Di Santo, Simona, Silvestri, Michela, and Musicco, Massimo

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Time Factors, Time Factor, Offspring, Longitudinal Studie, Risk Assessment, Tobacco smoke exposure, Pregnancy, Infant, Bronchiolitis, Hospitalization, Risk factor, Bronchiolitis, Hospitalization, Infant, Pregnancy, Risk factor, Tobacco smoke exposure, Age Factors, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Inhalation Exposure, Italy, Longitudinal Studies, Maternal Exposure, Risk Factors, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, medicine, Age Factor, Bronchioliti, Intensive care medicine, Inhalation exposure, business.industry, Research, Gestational age, Newborn, medicine.disease, Risk assessment, business, Human, Cohort study
Abstract

Background Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) is a worldwide health problem and it is considered a risk factor for pregnant women’s and children’s health, particularly for respiratory morbidity during the first year of life. Few significant birth cohort studies on the effect of prenatal TSE via passive and active maternal smoking on the development of severe bronchiolitis in early childhood have been carried out worldwide. Methods From November 2009 to December 2012, newborns born at ≥33 weeks of gestational age (wGA) were recruited in a longitudinal multi-center cohort study in Italy to investigate the effects of prenatal and postnatal TSE, among other risk factors, on bronchiolitis hospitalization and/or death during the first year of life. Results Two thousand two hundred ten newborns enrolled at birth were followed-up during their first year of life. Of these, 120 (5.4 %) were hospitalized for bronchiolitis. No enrolled infants died during the study period. Prenatal passive TSE and maternal active smoking of more than 15 cigarettes/daily are associated to a significant increase of the risk of offspring children hospitalization for bronchiolitis, with an adjHR of 3.5 (CI 1.5–8.1) and of 1.7 (CI 1.1–2.6) respectively. Conclusions These results confirm the detrimental effects of passive TSE and active heavy smoke during pregnancy for infants’ respiratory health, since the exposure significantly increases the risk of hospitalization for bronchiolitis in the first year of life. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-015-0312-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2015
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43. The Impact of Kidney Development on the Life Course: A Consensus Document for Action

Author

Brenner, B.M. (Barry M.), Charlton, J. (Jennifer), Luyckx, V. (Valerie), Manfellotto, D. (Dario), Perico, N. (Norberto), Remuzzi, G. (Giuseppe), Somaschini, M. (Marco), Valensise, H. (Herbert), Adu, D. (Dwomoa), Allegaert, K.M. (Karel), Benedetto, C. (Chiara), Cetin, I. (Irene), Chevalier, R. (Robert), Cortinovis, M. (Monica), D'Anna, R. (Rosario), Duvekot, J.J. (Hans), Escribano, J. (Joaquin), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Ferrazzi, E. (Enrico), Frusca, T. (Tiziana), Glassock, R.J. (Richard J.), Gyselaers, W.J. (Wilfried), Mecacci, F. (Federico), Montini, G. (Giovanni), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ramenghi, L., Romagnani, P. (Paola), Santoro, A. (Antonio), Simeoni, U. (Umberto), Steegers, E.A.P. (Eric), Vikse, B.E. (Bjorn Egil), Brenner, B.M. (Barry M.), Charlton, J. (Jennifer), Luyckx, V. (Valerie), Manfellotto, D. (Dario), Perico, N. (Norberto), Remuzzi, G. (Giuseppe), Somaschini, M. (Marco), Valensise, H. (Herbert), Adu, D. (Dwomoa), Allegaert, K.M. (Karel), Benedetto, C. (Chiara), Cetin, I. (Irene), Chevalier, R. (Robert), Cortinovis, M. (Monica), D'Anna, R. (Rosario), Duvekot, J.J. (Hans), Escribano, J. (Joaquin), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Ferrazzi, E. (Enrico), Frusca, T. (Tiziana), Glassock, R.J. (Richard J.), Gyselaers, W.J. (Wilfried), Mecacci, F. (Federico), Montini, G. (Giovanni), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ramenghi, L., Romagnani, P. (Paola), Santoro, A. (Antonio), Simeoni, U. (Umberto), Steegers, E.A.P. (Eric), and Vikse, B.E. (Bjorn Egil)

Abstract

Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a significant impact on global morbidity and mortality. The Low Birth Weight and Nephron Number Working Group has prepared a consensus document aimed to address the relatively neglected issue for the developmental programming of hypertension and CKD. It emerged from a workshop held on April 2, 2016, including eminent internationally recognized experts in the field of obstetrics, neonatology, and nephrology. Through multidisciplinary engagement, the goal of the workshop was to highlight the association between fetal and childhood development and an increased risk of adult diseases, focusing on hypertension and CKD, and to suggest possible practical solutions for the future. The recommendations for action of the consensus workshop are the results of combined clinical experience, shared research expertise, and a review of the literature. They highlight the need to act early to prevent CKD and other related noncommunicable diseases later in life by reducing low birth weight, small for gestational age, prematurity, and low nephron numbers at birth through coordinated interventions. Meeting the current unmet needs would help to define the most cost-effective strategies and to optimize interventions to limit or interrupt the developmental programming cycle of CKD later in life, especially in the poorest part of the world.

Published
2017
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44. The Impact of Kidney Development on the Life Course: A Consensus Document for Action The Low Birth Weight and Nephron Number Working Group

Author

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Brenner B.M., Charlton J., Luyckx V., Manfellotto D., Perico N., Remuzzi G., Somaschini M., Valensise H., Adu D., Allegaert K., Benedetto C., Cetin I., Chevalier R., Cortinovis M., D'Anna R., Duvekot J., Escribano J., Fanos V., Ferrazzi E., Frusca T., Glassock R.J., Gyselaers W., Mecacci F., Montini G., Osmond C., Ramenghi L., Romagnani P., Santoro A., Simeoni U., Steegers E.A.P., Vikse B.E., Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Brenner B.M., Charlton J., Luyckx V., Manfellotto D., Perico N., Remuzzi G., Somaschini M., Valensise H., Adu D., Allegaert K., Benedetto C., Cetin I., Chevalier R., Cortinovis M., D'Anna R., Duvekot J., Escribano J., Fanos V., Ferrazzi E., Frusca T., Glassock R.J., Gyselaers W., Mecacci F., Montini G., Osmond C., Ramenghi L., Romagnani P., Santoro A., Simeoni U., Steegers E.A.P., Vikse B.E.

Abstract

Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a significant impact on global morbidity and mortality. The Low Birth Weight and Nephron Number Working Group has prepared a consensus document aimed to address the relatively neglected issue for the developmental programming of hypertension and CKD. It emerged from a workshop held on April 2, 2016, including eminent internationally recognized experts in the field of obstetrics, neonatology, and nephrology. Through multidisciplinary engagement, the goal of the workshop was to highlight the association between fetal and childhood development and an increased risk of adult diseases, focusing on hypertension and CKD, and to suggest possible practical solutions for the future. The recommendations for action of the consensus workshop are the results of combined clinical experience, shared research expertise, and a review of the literature. They highlight the need to act early to prevent CKD and other related noncommunicable diseases later in life by reducing low birth weight, small for gestational age, prematurity, and low nephron numbers at birth through coordinated interventions. Meeting the current unmet needs would help to define the most cost-effective strategies and to optimize interventions to limit or interrupt the developmental programming cycle of CKD later in life, especially in the poorest part of the world.

Published
2017

46. Prolonging nephrogenesis in preterm infants: a new approach for prevention of kidney disease in adulthood?

Author

Fanos, V., Massimo Castagnola, and Faa, G.

Subjects
Adult, Aging, Genes, Wilms Tumor, Stem Cells, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Cell Differentiation, nephrogenesis, Nephrons, Kidney, Regenerative Medicine, Settore MED/05 - PATOLOGIA CLINICA, Thymosin, Settore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICA, Pregnancy, Humans, Settore MED/14 - NEFROLOGIA, Female, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, preterm, Settore BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICA, Infant, Premature
Abstract

Chronic kidney disease represents a dramatic worldwide resource-consuming problem. This problem is of increasing importance even in preterm infants, since nephrogenesis may go on only for a few weeks (4 to 6 weeks) after birth. Recent literature focusing on traditional regenerative medicine does not take into account the presence of a high number of active endogenous stem cells in the preterm kidney, which represents a unique opportunity for starting regenerative medicine in the perinatal period. Pluripotent cells of the blue strip have the capacity to generate new nephrons, improving kidney function in neonates and potentially protecting them from developing chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease in adulthood. There is a marked interindividual neonatal variability of nephron numbers. Moreover, the renal stem/progenitor cells appear as densely-packed small cells with scant cytoplasm, giving rise to a blue-appearing strip in hematoxylin-eosin-stained kidney sections ("the blue strip"). There are questions concerning renal regenerative medicine: among preliminary data, the simultaneous expression of Wilms tumor 1 and thymosin β4 in stem/progenitor cells of the neonatal kidney may bring new prospects for renal regeneration applied to renal stem cells that reside in the kidney itself. A potential approach could be to prolong the 6 weeks of postnatal renal growth of nephrons or to accelerate the growth of nephrons during the 6 weeks or both. Considering what we know today about perinatal programming, this could be an important step for the future to reduce the incidence and global health impact of chronic kidney disease.

Published
2015

47. Proteomics applied to pediatric medicine: opportunities and challenges.

Author

Faa, G, Messana, Irene, Fanos, V, Cabras, Tiziana, Manconi, Barbara, Vento, Giovanni, Iavarone, Federica, Martelli, Claudia, Desiderio, Claudia, Castagnola, Massimo, Messana, Irene (ORCID:0000-0002-1436-6105), Cabras , Tiziana, Manconi , Barbara, Vento, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0002-8132-5127), Iavarone, Federica (ORCID:0000-0002-2074-5531), Castagnola, Massimo (ORCID:0000-0002-0959-7259), Faa, G, Messana, Irene, Fanos, V, Cabras, Tiziana, Manconi, Barbara, Vento, Giovanni, Iavarone, Federica, Martelli, Claudia, Desiderio, Claudia, Castagnola, Massimo, Messana, Irene (ORCID:0000-0002-1436-6105), Cabras , Tiziana, Manconi , Barbara, Vento, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0002-8132-5127), Iavarone, Federica (ORCID:0000-0002-2074-5531), and Castagnola, Massimo (ORCID:0000-0002-0959-7259)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Care in pediatrics often refers to treatments directed to adults. However, childhood is a specific life period, with molecular pathways connected to development and thereby it requires distinctive considerations and special treatments under disease. Proteomics can help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the human development and disease onset in pediatric age and this review is devoted to underline the results recently obtained in the field. AREAS COVERED: The contribution of proteomics to the characterization of physiological modifications occurring during human development is presented. The proteomic studies carried out to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying different pediatric pathologies and to discover new markers for early diagnosis and prognosis of disease, comprising genetic and systemic pathologies, sepsis and pediatric oncology are thereafter reported. The investigations concerning milk composition in human and farm mammals are also presented. Finally, the chances offered by the integration of different -omic platforms are discussed. Expert commentary: The growing utilization of holistic technologies such as proteomics, metabolomics and microbiomics will allow, in the near future, to define at the molecular level the complexity of human development and related diseases, with great benefit for future generations.

Published
2016

48. Metabolomics network characterization of resuscitation after normocapnic hypoxia in a newborn piglet model supports the hypothesis that room air is better

Author

Fanos, V. Noto, A. Xanthos, T. Lussu, M. Murgia, F. Barberini, L. Finco, G. D'Aloja, E. Papalois, A. Iacovidou, N. Atzori, L.

Abstract

Perinatal asphyxia is attributed to hypoxia and/or ischemia around the time of birth and may lead to multiorgan dysfunction. Aim of this research article is to investigate whether different metabolomic profiles occurred according to oxygen concentration administered at resuscitation. In order to perform the experiment, forty newborn piglets were subjected to normocapnic hypoxia and reoxygenation and were randomly allocated in 4 groups resuscitated with different oxygen concentrations, 18%, 21%, 40%, and 100%, respectively. Urine metabolic profiles at baseline and at hypoxia were analysed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and metabolites were also identified by multivariate statistical analysis. Metabolic pathways associations were also built up by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). Bioinformatics analysis of metabolites characterized the effect of metabolism in the 4 groups; it showed that the 21% of oxygen is the most "physiological" and appropriate concentration to be used for resuscitation. Our data indicate that resuscitation with 21% of oxygen seems to be optimal in terms of survival, rapidity of resuscitation, and metabolic profile in the present animal model. These findings need to be confirmed with metabolomics in human and, if so, the knowledge of the perinatal asphyxia condition may significantly improve. © 2014 V. Fanos et al.

Published
2014

50. Aluminum exposure and toxicity in neonates: A practical guide to halt aluminum overload in the prenatal and perinatal periods

Author

Fanni, D. Ambu, R. Gerosa, C. Nemolato, S. Iacovidou, N. Van Eyken, P. Fanos, V. Zaffanello, M. Faa, G.

Subjects
complex mixtures
Abstract

Background: During the last years, human newborns have been overexposed to biologically reactive aluminum, with possible relevant consequences on their future health and on their susceptibility to a variety of diseases. Children, newborns and particularly preterm neonates are at an increased risk of aluminum toxicity because of their relative immaturity. Data sources: Based on recent original publications and classical data of the literatures, we reviewed the aluminum content in mother's food during the intrauterine life as well as in breast milk and infant formula during lactation. We also determined the possible role of aluminum in parenteral nutrition solutions, in adjuvants of vaccines and in pharmaceutical products. A special focus is placed on the relationship between aluminum overexposure and the insurgence of bone diseases. Results: Practical points of management and prevention are suggested. Aluminum sources that infants may receive during the first 6 months of life are presented. In the context of prevention of possible adverse effects of aluminum overload in fetal tissues during development, simple suggestions to pregnant women are described. Finally, practical points of management and prevention are suggested. Conclusions: Pediatricians and neonatologists must be more concerned about aluminum content in all products our newborns are exposed to, starting from monitoring aluminum concentrations in milk- and soybased formulas in which, on the basis of recent studies, there is still too much aluminum. © 2014 Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Springer-Verlag.

Published
2014

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