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In recent years, it has become critical to promote urban redevelopment and maximize the potentiality of industrial heritage through adaptive reuse. Research on the assessment of adaptive reuse potentiality helps to make scientific decisions in sustainable development and the strategy for utilizing industrial heritage. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the research on the potentiality of buildings or sites. It also constructs a system for the assessment of adaptive reuse potentiality in industrial heritage and describes the characteristics of different dimensions in the indicators of potentiality evaluation. Utilizing the Improved Entropy Technique for Ordering Preferences by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (Improved Entropy TOPSIS), the relative values of the reuse potentiality of each hierarchical evaluation index are calculated, and an adaptive reuse potentiality ranking of various industrial parks is determined. Through the calculation and analysis, it is demonstrated that the application of this quantitative method to the industrial heritage potentiality evaluation system is highly applicable. This paper’s research framework for adaptive reuse potentiality and empirical findings provides targeted recommendations for determining the reuse potentiality and potential hierarchy of industrial heritage, identifying buildings with a high potential for reuse, and developing adaptive reuse strategies to better direct industrial heritage in urban regeneration.

With their powerful feature extraction ability, convolutional neural network (CNN) models achieve excellent signal reconstruction and recovery performances compared with those of traditional methods. The CNN-based approaches mainly use supervised learning approaches; thus, they require large numbers of ground-truth labeled samples. However, in the seismic denoising field, collecting large numbers of labeled samples is impossible; thus, the main challenge to using deep learning methods is a lack of labeled data. Moreover, the data that are available contain noise. To resolve these shortcomings, this letter proposes a novel self-supervised learning framework to reconstruct and perform blind denoising of seismic data images; this approach requires no labeled training data. We utilize a masking procedure to modify an observation input to a CNN to create a J-invariant function and incorporate a specific CNN architecture known as U²Net, which implements a two-level nested autoencoder that extracts complex feature information from different scales. We modify the network to make it more suitable for seismic signal reconstruction. Finally, we use the self-supervised loss between the original observation and the net output to update the weights of U²Net through backpropagation. Tests on both synthetic and field data demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithm on low signal-to-noise ratio data.

The renovation and utilization of industrial heritage are important issues in the field of sustainable urban renewal. The renovation of industrial heritage is influenced by various factors such as the value of a heritage site, its location, the positioning of renovation, and the cost of renovation. Most existing studies focus on the concept of renovation and the establishment of heritage management techniques. However, a low cost in the context of urban sustainability has a greater impact on renovation. Therefore, this paper takes Beijing Xinhua 1949 Cultural and Creative Industrial Park as an example, incorporates the cost–benefit ratio into the plans for a low-cost construction, and proposes a method to evaluate the performance of holistic low-cost construction during the whole life cycle of industrial heritage renovation and utilization. This study uses the AHP method to create an evaluation index system and fuzzy TOPSIS(FTOPSIS) to rank the solutions so as to establish a comprehensive evaluation system to thus evaluate industrial heritage renovation projects that are difficult to fully quantify, with the aim to obtain performance evaluation conclusions. The results of this study suggest that the definition of a low-cost renovation should not be limited to a reduction in investment costs but should also pay equal attention to the cost–benefit ratio before and after renovation, and that functional and spatial sustainability is another feasible strategy for achieving the sustainable renovation of industrial heritage.

The fractal conservation law (FCL) is a partial-differential-equation-based filtering approach. Analysis of the frequency response of the FCL indicates that it can eliminate high frequencies and preserve or amplify low/medium frequencies. Generally, the shape of the frequency response is fixed. Thus, the FCL cannot track the signal beyond the threshold, which corresponds to the cutoff frequency. Besides, the FCL recovers seismic events only along the time direction, thereby ignoring the coherence between neighboring traces. To resolve these shortcomings, this letter presents a novel spatiotemporal adaptive FCL method. We use a group of frequency responses of the FCL determined by different parameters to construct a convex hull of the filtering results. Then, we introduce an objective function based on the penalized least squares criterion with respect to FCL estimation on this convex hull and take the directional derivative as the penalty term. Thus, the correlations between the adjacent channels are taken into account in the algorithm. Therefore, the 2-D adaptive FCL is equivalent to a convex optimization problem with box constraints, which can be solved using the projected gradient descent algorithm. The application of gradient descent consists of taking the derivative of an objective function, which can be implemented quickly by means of the discrete cosine transform (DCT). The experimental results illustrate that our proposed algorithm has a higher output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than the 1-D adaptive FCL on some synthetic records and field seismic data.

BackgroundDiagnosis of a genetic disease and determination of the causative molecular lesion rely on the availability of the disease-associated pedigrees. Microphthalmia is a congenital eye defect due to an insufficiently developed visual system; its prevalence is 1–3 in 10 000 live births.ObjectiveWe analysed a pedigree exhibiting autosomal dominant inheritance of microphthalmia to determine the genetic lesion; used AlphaFold2 to predict the changes in the protein’s 3-Dimensional structure; and compared wild-type and variant proteins in cultured cells or Drosophila model was used to explore the cellular or developmental function of the encoded product.ResultsWe identified a novel missense variation, F52L, in MAB21L1 that is absent in population databases and present exclusively in the individuals diagnosed with microphthalmia in this pedigree. Common structural changes were predicted for the disease-associated variants clustered at amino acids 49–52, and these variant products were also predominantly trapped in the cytoplasm of cultured human lens epithelia. To recapitulate its dominant effect in development, we expressed the Drosophila homologue corresponding to MAB21L1F52Land caused malformation of sensory organs.ConclusionMutations at the residues 49–52 of MAB21L1 compromise eye development. We recommend includingMAB21L1in the genetic testing panel for congenital eye disorders.

While intensive peach production has expanded rapidly in recent years, few studies have explored the environmental impacts associated with specific regional systems or the optimal management strategies to minimize associated environmental risks. Here, data from a survey of 290 native farmers were used to conduct a life cycle assessment to quantify the acidification potential (AP), global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication potential (EP), and reactive nitrogen (Nr) losses in peach production in Pinggu District, Beijing. Total annual Nr losses, and GWP, AP, and EP values for peach production in Pinggu District were respectively 10.7 kg N t−1, 857 kg CO2-eq t−1, 12.9 kg SO2 eq t− 1, and 4.1 kg PO4-eq t−1. The principal driving factors were fertilizer production, transportation, and application, which together accounted for 94%, 67%, 75%, and 94% of Nr losses, GWP, AP, and EP, respectively. In the high yield, high nitrogen-use efficiency (HH) group, relative values of Nr losses, GWP, AP, and EP were respectively 33%, 25%, 39%, and 32% lower than the overall averages for 290 orchards. Further analyses indicate that improved farming practices such as decreasing application rates of fertilizers, increasing proportion of base fertilization rate, and proper fertilization frequency in the HH group were the main reasons for these orchards’ better performance in peach yields and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer, and their reduced environmental impacts. These results highlight the need to optimize nutrient management in peach production in order simultaneously to realize both environmental sustainability and high productivity in the peach production system.

Nitrogen (N) management is essential for food security. The North China Plain is an important food producing region, but also a hotspot of N losses to the environment. This results in water, soil, and air pollution. In this study, we aim to quantify the relative contribution of different crops and animals to N losses, by taking the Quzhou County as a typical example in the North China Plain. We developed and applied a new version of the NUtrient flows in Food Chains, Environment, and Resource use (NUFER) model. Our model is based on updated information for N losses in Quzhou. Our results show that N losses to the environment from crop and animal production in Quzhou were approximately 9 kton in 2017. These high N losses can be explained by the low N use efficiency in food production because of poor N management. For crop production, wheat, maize, and vegetables contributed 80% to N losses. Ammonia emissions and N leaching have dominant shares in these N losses. Pigs and laying hens were responsible for 74% of N losses from animal production. Ammonia emissions to air and direct discharges of manure to water were the main contributors to these N losses. Effective reduction of N losses requires improving the nutrient management in crop (wheat, maize, vegetables) and animal (pigs, laying hens) production. Our work could support the Agricultural Green Development in the North China Plain.

Phosphorus (P) is a non-renewable resource, therefore ensuring global food and environmental security depends upon sustainable P management. To achieve this goal, sustainable P management in the upstream and downstream sectors of agriculture from mineral extraction to food consumption must be addressed systematically. The innovation and feasibility of P sustainability are highlighted from the perspective of the whole P-based chain, including the mining and processing of P rock, production of P fertilizers, soil and rhizosphere processes involving P, absorption and utilization of P by plants, P in livestock production, as well as flow and management of P at the catchment scale. The paper also emphasizes the importance of recycling P and the current challenges of P recovery. Finally, sustainable solutions of holistic P management are proposed from the perspective of technology improvement with policy support.

The Chinese government recently proposed ammonia (NH3) emission reductions (but without a specific national target) as a strategic option to mitigate fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution. We combined a meta-analysis of nationwide measurements and air quality modeling to identify efficiency gains by striking a balance between controlling NH3 and acid gas (SO2 and NOx) emissions. We found that PM2.5 concentrations decreased from 2000 to 2019, but annual mean PM2.5 concentrations still exceeded 35 µg m−3 at 74 % of 1498 monitoring sites during 2015–2019. The concentration of PM2.5 and its components were significantly higher (16 %–195 %) on hazy days than on non-hazy days. Compared with mean values of other components, this difference was more significant for the secondary inorganic ions SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ (average increase 98 %). While sulfate concentrations significantly decreased over this period, no significant change was observed for nitrate and ammonium concentrations. Model simulations indicate that the effectiveness of a 50 % NH3 emission reduction for controlling secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) concentrations decreased from 2010 to 2017 in four megacity clusters of eastern China, simulated for the month of January under fixed meteorological conditions (2010). Although the effectiveness further declined in 2020 for simulations including the natural experiment of substantial reductions in acid gas emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic, the resulting reductions in SIA concentrations were on average 20.8 % lower than those in 2017. In addition, the reduction in SIA concentrations in 2017 was greater for 50 % acid gas reductions than for the 50 % NH3 emission reductions. Our findings indicate that persistent secondary inorganic aerosol pollution in China is limited by emissions of acid gases, while an additional control of NH3 emissions would become more important as reductions of SO2 and NOx emissions progress.

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is a vital component of the global N cycle. Excessive N deposition on the Earth’s surface has adverse impacts on ecosystems and humans. Quantification of atmospheric N deposition is indispensable for assessing and addressing N deposition-induced environmental issues. In the present review, we firstly summarized the current methods applied to quantify N deposition (wet, dry, and total N deposition), their advantages and major limitations. Secondly, we illustrated the long-term N deposition monitoring networks worldwide and the results attained via such long-term monitoring. Results show that China faces heavier N deposition than the United States, European countries, and other countries in East Asia. Next, we proposed a framework for estimating the atmospheric wet and dry N deposition using a combined method of surface monitoring, modeling, and satellite remote sensing. Finally, we put forth the critical research challenges and future directions of the atmospheric N deposition. Capsule: A review of quantification methods and the global data on nitrogen deposition and a systematic framework was proposed for quantifying nitrogen deposition.

Sustainable phosphorus (P) management is crucial to both food security and environmental conservation. The optimization of P input from mineral fertilizers has been advocated as an effective approach to improve P use efficiency. However, strategies for maximizing P use efficiency by linking soil-crop systems and fertilizer types with the P flow, from a whole P supply chain perspective, are lacking. In this study, a meta-analysis and substance flow analysis (SFA) were employed to evaluate the effects of different mineral P fertilizer types on crop yield and P flow from rock phosphate (RP) exploitation to P use in China. Compared to single superphosphate (SSP), triple superphosphate (TSP), and calcium magnesium phosphate (CMP), a significantly higher yield was obtained when diammonium phosphate (DAP) and monoammonium phosphate (MAP) were used 2005 onwards. However, P loss, from RP extraction to application, was 24% higher for DAP and MAP than for SSP, TSP, and CMP. DAP and MAP use led to a 6% larger P footprint than SSP, TSP, and CMP use. The P use efficiency could be improved by 22%, 36%, and 40% in wheat, maize, and rice production, respectively, by integrating the soil-crop system with mineral P fertilizer types, while P loss and P footprint could be reduced by 13% and 17%, respectively. These results indicate that P use efficiency can be significantly improved by integrating mineral P fertilizer types with soil-crop systems, providing an effective approach for RP exploitation to improve P use efficiency and alleviate the overexploitation of RP.

Pitting corrosion can cause the ultimate strength degradation of hull structure. This research aims at the development of ultimate strength calculation formula of pitted stiffened plates under unaxial compression. Firstly, the relative parameters (such as sizes of stiffened plates, sizes and shape of pits, initial geometric imperfection and residual stresses of stiffened plates, boundary condition and type and size of finite element) of pitted stiffened plates in the finite element analysis were analyzed and assumed. Secondly, the effects of a few factors (such as distribution status, depth and position of pits, number of longitudinal stiffeners and sizes of stiffened plates) on the ultimate strength with respect to the corroded volume loss were discussed. Lastly, the ultimate strength reduction formulae of pitted stiffened plates based on corroded volume loss were obtained by the data analysis from lots of nonlinear finite element analyses.

Introduction: This meta-analysis aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of warm acupuncture therapy for treating Primary sciatica. Methods: The following 9 databases will be search from their inception to December 6, 2020: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), the Chinese Medical Current Content (CMCC), the Wan-Fang Database and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of warm acupuncture for treating Primary sciatica, Chinese or Japanese without restriction of publication status will be included. Two researchers will independently undertake study selection, extraction of data and assessment of study quality. Meta-analysis will be conducted after screening of studies. Data will be analyzed using risk ratio for dichotomous data, and standardized mean difference or weighted mean difference for continuous data. Dissemination: This meta-analysis will be disseminated electronically through a peer-reviewed publication or conference presentations. Conclusion: This study will provide evidence to judge whether warm acupuncture Trial registration number: INPLASY2020120109.

The fractal conservation law (FCL) is based on the Cauchy problem of the partial differential equation (PDE), which is modified by an anti-diffusive term of lower order. The analysis indicates that it can eliminate the high frequencies and preserve or amplify the low/medium frequencies. The performance of FCL depends on the threshold selected for the PDE. This threshold corresponds to the cut-off frequency of FCL in the frequency domain. Generally, the threshold is fixed. Thus, the FCL cannot track the signal beyond the cut-off frequency, and it removes the higher-frequency components of the signal. To solve this problem, an adaptive FCL filtering method is presented. The main purpose of this method is to select the optimal FCL threshold in each sample index such that it can adaptively track the rapid changes in the signal. In the adaptive FCL, we select FCL estimations with different thresholds and construct a convex hull of these estimations of each sample index. Consequently, we introduce a quadratic functional with respect to FCL estimation to ensure that we select the optimal estimation from the convex hull of each sample index. This leads to a box-constrained convex problem, which can be solved by the Viterbi algorithm.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential and limiting nutrient for agricultural systems, where the demand for agricultural products such as food, feed, and bio-fuel are the major drivers of the intensification of agricultural production systems. Globally, maize is one of three main cereal crops, a main feedstock for animal production and a substrate for the production of bio-ethanol. This study investigated P flows through the multiple utilization systems of maize (as represented by the subsystems of food, feed and energy production) at a crop level of 2016 as reference year and made future predictions of P flows for the year 2030 based on different scenarios for food-feed-energy systems in China. For 2016, the subsystem of animal production resulted in the highest waste of P due to inappropriate manure management, but the subsystem of value-added products (Bio-fuel production, distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), maize-oil) showed the lowest P use efficiency (39%). From the value-added subsystem, 17% of P from the process flow to the subsystem of animal production as DDGS, and 61% of P is wasted associated with wastewater and sludge. Future scenarios of structural adjustments in the maize consumption system predict that the supply of maize for animal feed will be threatened if the policy of the Biofuel National Promotion before 2020 is fully implemented in China, as current maize production will not meet the future demand of food, feed and energy simultaneously. The results emphasized the use of P waste resources and better sludge management from a systems perspective. This also implied the importance of exploring coordinated development and integrated strategies for sustainable P flow management in multiple utilization systems.

Being the soul and culture capital of our nation, c alligraphy will help to promote the comprehensive development of teenagers in morality, intelligence, aesthetic judgement and fitness. The aim of calligraphy education identifies with the requirements of quality education, also, its wide basis of the masses and convenience in carrying out makes it the quality education suited to national conditions of China. Based on teaching practices, here I come up with the educational concept of "cultivating personality through calligraphy", and sum up the procedure teaching method of calligraphy---firstly training eyes, then training hands, then learning to hold writing brush, then practicing Chinese characters, then disciplining the mind, and at last cultivating the personality, hope to provide reference for front- line teaching.

Ultrahigh pressure technique was employed to extract ginsenosides from roots of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). The optimal conditions for ultrahigh pressure extraction (UPE) of total ginsenosides were quantified by UV–vis spectrophotometry with the ginsenoside Re as standard, the signal ginsenosides were quantified by HPLC and ELSD with ginsenosides Re, Rg1, Rb1, Rc and Rb2 as standards. Orthogonal design was applied to evaluate the effects of four independent factors (extraction pressure, extraction temperature, extraction time and ethanol concentration) on the yield and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of ginsenoside, which are based on microwave extraction (ME), ultrasound extraction (UE), soxhlet extraction (SE) and heat reflux extraction (HRE) method. The results showed that UPE method can produce ginsenoside with the highest yield and the best radical scavenging activity compared to other used ones. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images of the plant cells after ultrahigh pressure treatment was obtained to provide visual evidence of the disruption effect. The optimal conditions of UPE were obtained at extraction pressure 200 MPa, extraction temperature 60 °C, extraction time 5 min and ethanol concentration 70%. The results of UPE showed obvious advantages in higher efficiency, shorter extraction times, at lower energy costs. In addition, the UPE can be carried out at lower temperatures without any chemical degradation reactions which are very suitable for the thermally unstable active ingredients extraction and separation.

* This work was supported by the Projects for Reformation of Chinese Universities Logistics Teaching and Research (JZW2013064, JZW2013065). Abstract With the rapid development of modern logistics industry, the requirements of logistics companies for applied logistics management talents become higher and higher. Colleges and universities as a talent training institutions, they must adapt to the objective requirements of modern logistics development, choose scientific applied talents training mode and build guarantee mechanism of logistics management personnel training to cultivate the new logistics management personnel of modern logistics. This paper discusses the applied logistics management personnel training mode from the four aspects: training objectives, safeguard mechanism, problems analysis, the construction of training mode. Index Terms Logistics management, talents training, safeguard mechanism, teaching mode.