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Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a common psychiatric disorder that has a complex pathological mechanism. During the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, patients with SCZ had substantially higher rates of infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, as well as higher COVID-19 mortality relative to patients with other mental disorders. However, the reasons for these increased rates in patients with SCZ remain unknown. In this review, we hypothesize that certain molecular pathways exhibit abnormal function in both COVID-19 and SCZ, with a focus on those related to energy metabolism dysregulation, immune system disruption, and abnormalities of the central nervous system. We review that dysregulation of energy metabolism can result in disruptions to the immune system and abnormalities within the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, immune system disturbances may also contribute to CNS abnormalities in both SCZ and COVID-19. We also discuss macro-factors associated with the high infection and mortality rates of COVID-19 in patients with SCZ, including sociodemographic factors, reduced access to psychiatric healthcare, structural barriers to COVID-19 vaccination, and proposed approaches to mitigate these macro-factors.

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) and other metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the trends in lipid concentrations among Chinese participants with different blood glucose statuses—ranging from DM and prediabetes mellitus (pre-DM) to normal blood glucose levels—between 2011 and 2015. Additionally, this study sought to provide a comprehensive description of the potential temporal changes in the prevalence of dyslipidemia among these populations in China during this period. Methods The data for this study were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), encompassing two time points in 2011 and 2015. The 2011 data sample included 11,408 participants aged 45 years and above, whereas the 2015 data sample included 12,224 participants within the same age range. Results In this study, a comparative analysis of data from 2011 to 2015 revealed that individuals diagnosed with DM and pre-DM experienced significant decreases in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P

Abstract Purpose To investigate the potential relationship between subretinal microglia and transplanted donor photoreceptors. Methods Photoreceptor precursors were transplanted into wild-type mice and rd1 mice by trans-scleral injection. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect microglia and macrophages. PlX5622 feed was used to achieve microglia depletion and microglia repopulation. RNA-seq and qPCR were utilized to evaluate gene expression. Confocal microscopy was used to observe the interaction between microglia and donor photoreceptors. Results Donor photoreceptors survived in rd1 mice but not in wild-type mice after trans-scleral injection. The microglial cells closely interacted with donor cells. While donor cells failed to survive in rd1 mice after microglia depletion, they could survive following microglia repopulation. The RNA-seq analysis showed a pro-neurodevelopmental effect of sub-retinal microglia/RPE tissue in rd1 mice. Conclusions Subretinal microglia supported donor photoreceptor survival in rd1 mice.

Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an irreversible and progressive chronic inflammatory lung disease which affects millions of people worldwide. Activated fibroblasts are observed to accumulate in lung of COPD patients and promote COPD progression through aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. In this study, we identified that miR-1307-5p expression was significantly increased in lung fibroblasts derived from COPD patients. Mechanistically, we found that upregulation of miR-1307-5p promoted TGF-β induced lung fibroblast activation and transdifferentiation. We also identified FBXL16 as a direct target for miR-1307-5p mediated myofibroblast activation in COPD. Knockdown of FBXL16 by siRNA prominently increased the expression of myofibroblast markers in MRC-5 fibroblasts after TGF-β administration. Ectopic expression of FBXL16 in MRC-5 counteracted miR-1307-5p agomir-induced fibroblast transdifferentiation. Furthermore, We found that miR-1307-5p promoted pulmonary fibroblast transdifferentiation through FBXL16 regulated HIF1α degradation. In general, our findings indicate that miR-1307-5p is important for COPD pathogenesis, and may serve as a potential target for COPD treatment.

Abstract Background Previous studies have suggested a potential link between the crown-to-root ratio (CRR) and root morphology in patients with mild chronic periodontitis, which may be associated with tooth mobility. However, these findings have not been thoroughly investigated. Our previous study found that 76% of patients with aggressive periodontitis, particularly those with premolar involvement, exhibited abnormal root morphology, severe alveolar bone loss, and increased tooth mobility, leading to poor clinical outcomes. This study aims to investigate the specific correlations among alveolar bone resorption, root morphology, CRR, and periodontal clinical indicators with premolar mobility in stage III/IV grade C periodontitis patients aged ≤ 35 years. Materials and methods A total of 1,064 premolars from 151 stage III/IV grade C periodontitis patients aged ≤ 35 years were included in the study. Clinical periodontal parameters and radiographic measurements were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationships between these indicators and tooth mobility. Results Significant variations in premolar root lengths were observed, ranging from 6.80 mm to 20.96 mm. Teeth with shorter roots (mean length: 10.22 mm) exhibited grade I mobility with only 28% alveolar bone resorption, whereas those with medium-length (mean length: 12.67 mm) and longer roots (mean length: 14.91 mm) exhibited mobility at 34% and 37% bone resorption, respectively. Regression models incorporating the bone-level CRR, average probing depth, and root length demonstrated strong predictive accuracy for tooth mobility (P

Abstract Background Endometrial cancer (EC) tissues express CYP7B1, but its association with prognosis needs to be investigated. Methods Immunohistochemistry and image analysis software were used to assess CYP7B1 protein expression in paraffin-embedded endometrial tumor sections. Associations between CYP7B1 and clinical factors were tested with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Kaplan-Meier curves were employed to describe survival, and differences were assessed using the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the association between CYP7B1 expression and the prognosis of patients with EC. Results A total of 307 patients were enrolled with an average age of 52.6 ± 8.0 years at diagnosis. During the period of follow-up, 46 patients (15.0%) died, and 29 (9.4%) suffered recurrence. The expression of CYP7B1 protein is significantly higher in the cytoplasm than in the nucleus (P

Objective: To explore whether thrombopoietin can exert a protective effect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signaling pathway. Methods: H9c2 cell viability was determined by CCK-8 and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. The protein expressions of SIRT1 and p38 MAPK were measured by Western blot. RT-qPCR was also used to determine S1RT1 mRNA expression. In addition, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated. Results: Thrombopoietin treatment reversed doxorubicin-induced decline in H9c2 cell viability. It also increased SIRT1 and decreased p-p38 MAPK protein expressions. In addition, thrombopoietin significantly attenuated doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. However, silencing S1RT1 abrogated the protective effects of thrombopoietin, as evidenced by reduced cell viability and increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species levels. Conclusions: Thrombopoietin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte injury by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis via the SIRT1/p38 MAPK pathway. However, its protective effects need to be further verified in animal tests.

Abstract Background To explore the associations of computed tomography (CT) image features with the serum cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) titers measured by the lateral flow assay (LFA) in localized pulmonary cryptococcosis patients. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients with pathologically confirmed pulmonary cryptococcosis admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2016 to December 2022 was performed. Clinical data, CT results, serum CrAg-LFA test results, and follow-up data were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 107 patients with localized pulmonary cryptococcosis were included, of which 31 had a single lesion in chest CT and the other 76 had multiple lesions. The positivity rate was (94.74% vs 64.52%) and titers of serum CrAg-LFA (1.77 ± 0.87 vs 0.91 ± 0.98) in the multiple lesion group were higher than those in the single lesion group, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the serum CrAg titers were positively associated with the number of lesions (β, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.12) and the lesion size (β, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.50) after adjusting other covariates. The serum CrAg-LFA titers of 60 pulmonary cryptococcosis patients showed a decreasing trend with the reduction in pulmonary lesion size after effective therapy. Conclusion In pulmonary cryptococcosis patients, the number and size of lung lesions are positively correlated with the titers of the serum CrAg-LFA test. The CrAg-LFA test could be a useful tool for the diagnosis, severity assessment, and therapeutic monitoring of localized pulmonary cryptococcosis patients.

Rapidly obtaining the coverage characteristics of leaching solution in In-situ Leaching Area of Sandstone Uranium Mines is a necessary condition for optimizing well locations reasonably. In the presented study, the improved algorithm of the Fast Marching Method (FMM) was studied for rapidly solving coverage characteristics to replace the groundwater numerical simulator. First, the effectiveness of the FMM was verified by simulating diffusion characteristics of the leaching solution in In-situ Leaching Area. Second, based on the radial flow pressure equation and the interaction mechanism of the front diffusion of production and injection well flow field, an improved FMM which is suitable for In-situ Leaching Mining, was developed to achieve the co-simulation of production and injection well. Finally, the improved algorithm was applied to engineering practice to guide the design and production. The results show that the improved algorithm can efficiently solve the coverage characteristics of leaching solution, which is consistent with those obtained from traditional numerical simulators. In engineering practice, the improved FMM can be used to rapidly analyze the leaching process, delineate Leaching Blind Spots, and evaluate the rationality of well pattern layout. Furthermore, it can help to achieve iterative optimization and rapid decision-making of production and injection well locations under large-scale mining area models.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect and mechanism of body weight supported treadmill training on motor function of rats with spinal cord injured (SCI) based on the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-autophagy signaling pathway.MethodsA total of 30 10-week-old female SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, and exercise group, with 10 cases in each group. Allen's method was used to establish T10 incomplete spinal cord injury models in the model group and the exercise group, while the sham operation group only underwent sham operation. All the three groups received preconditioning exercise training for 3 days before SCI modeling to adapt to the treadmill environment. From the 8th day after modeling, the exercise group received treadmill training with weight reduction of 20%-40% of the body mass, and the treadmill speed was set at 6 m a minute, 20 minutes a time, twice a day for 3 weeks. The sham operation group and the model group were allowed to move freely without treadmill training after modeling. Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) method was used to assess motor function of hind limbs of rats at the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days after modeling. Gait analysis system was used to assess gait parameters (footprint area, stride length, touchdown intensity, swing speed and movement speed) after intervention (at the 28th day after SCI). Nissl staining was used to observe the morphology and count of spinal cord neurons. Western blot method was used to detect the protein expression levels of p-AMPK, t-AMPK, LC3 and p62 in spinal cord tissue.Results(1) BBB score: compared with the sham operation group, the BBB score of the model group and the exercise group were significantly lower at the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days after modeling (PPPPPPPPP

Abstract This study explores disparities and opportunities in healthcare information provided by AI chatbots. We focused on recommendations for adjuvant therapy in endometrial cancer, analyzing responses across four regions (Indonesia, Nigeria, Taiwan, USA) and three platforms (Bard, Bing, ChatGPT-3.5). Utilizing previously published cases, we asked identical questions to chatbots from each location within a 24-h window. Responses were evaluated in a double-blinded manner on relevance, clarity, depth, focus, and coherence by ten experts in endometrial cancer. Our analysis revealed significant variations across different countries/regions (p

Abstract Background The association between sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well known. However, the clinical diagnosis of sarcopenia is complex and not suitable for early clinical identification and prevention of CVD. Relative muscle strength (RMS) is a relatively quantitative and straightforward indicator, but its association with CVD remains unclear. Hence, the objective of this research was to investigate the correlation between RMS and CVD incidence. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011. CVD events were assessed through self-reported physician diagnoses. The RMS was determined by dividing the maximum grip strength by the appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM). This study used multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves to explore the correlation between RMS and CVD incidence. Additionally, we conducted subgroup analyses to provide additional evidence supporting the association between the two variables. Results A total of 8,733 people were included in our study, with 1,152 (13.19%) CVD patients and 7,581 (86.81%) non-CVD patients. When the data were grouped according to quartiles (Q) of RMS, the inverse association between CVD and RMS remained statistically significant even after controlling for all potential confounding factors. Compared with participants in Q1 of RMS, the ORs (95% CIs) of CVD among those in Q2-Q4 were 0.99 (0.83, 1.17), 0.81 (0.67, 0.98), and 0.70 (0.57, 0.85), respectively. Moreover, the RCS results showed a negative linear correlation between the RMS and CVD incidence (P for nonlinearity = 0.555). Subgroup analysis revealed no significant interaction in any of the groups except for the sex group (P for interaction = 0.046). Conclusion Our study indicated a stable negative correlation between RMS and CVD incidence. RMS is helpful for the early identification and prevention of CVD.

Background Renal hypoxia and ischemia significantly contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, underscoring the need for noninvasive quantitative assessments. This study employs blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI to comprehensively evaluate renal oxygenation and blood flow in CKD patients.Methods Forty-two CKD patients across stages 1–5 and ten healthy volunteers underwent simultaneous BOLD-MRI and ASL-MRI. We measured oxygenation (T2* values) and renal blood flow (RBF) in both the renal cortex and medulla, assessing their correlations with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and other renal function indicators.Results BOLD and ASL revealed higher oxygenation and RBF in the renal cortex than in the medulla. Across CKD stages 2–5, both cortical and medullary oxygenation levels, as well as RBF, were lower than those in the control group and progressively decreased with CKD advancement. Additionally, renal oxygenation and blood flow levels positively correlated with serum creatinine (SCr), cystatin C (Cys C), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p 0.05). Notably, patients with CKD stages 1–3 exhibited strong correlations between renal oxygenation levels, RBF, and eGFR, while those with CKD stages 4–5 displayed weak correlations.Conclusion BOLD-MRI and ASL-MRI effectively measure renal oxygenation and perfusion noninvasively, confirming their utility in tracking CKD progression. These modalities provide accurate assessments of renal function and hypoxic-ischemic injuries across CKD stages, particularly in the early stages.

Background The M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)-associated primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is an immune-related disease in adults with increasing morbidity and variable treatment response, in which inflammation may contribute to the multifactorial immunopathogenesis. The relationship between fibrinogen-albumin ratio (FAR), serving as a novel inflammatory biomarker, and PMN is still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the association between FAR and disease activity and therapy response of PMN.Methods 110 biopsy-proven phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) -associated PMN participants with nephrotic syndrome from January 2017 to December 2021 were recruited in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The independent risk factors of non-remission (NR) and the predictive ability of FAR were explored by Cox regression and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. According to the optimal cutoff value, study patients were categorized into the low-FAR group (≤the cutoff value) and the high-FAR group (>the cutoff value). Spearman’s correlations were used to examine the associations between FAR and baseline clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the effects of FAR on remission.Results In the entire study cohort, 78 (70.9%) patients reached complete or partial remission (CR or PR). The optimal cutoff value of FAR for predicting the remission outcome (CR + PR) was 0.233. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the high-FAR group (>0.233) had a significantly lower probability to achieve CR or PR compared to the low-FAR group (≤0.233) (Log Rank test, p = 0.021). Higher levels of FAR were identified as an independent risk factor for NR, and the high-FAR group was associated with a 2.27 times higher likelihood of NR than the low-FAR group (HR 2.27, 95% CI 1.01, 5.13, p = 0.048). These relationships remained robust with further analysis among calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs)-receivers. In the multivariate Cox regression model, the incidence of NR was 4.00 times higher in the high-FAR group than in the low-FAR group (HR 4.00, 95% CI 1.41, 11.31, p = 0.009). Moreover, ROC analysis revealed the predictive value of FAR for CR or PR with a 0.738 area under curve (AUC), and the AUC of anti-PLA2R Ab was 0.675. When combining FAR and anti-PLA2R Ab, the AUC was boosted to 0.766.Conclusions FAR was significantly correlated with proteinuria and anti-PLA2R Ab in PMN. As an independent risk factor for NR, FAR might serve as a potential inflammation-based prognostic tool for identifying cases with poor treatment response, and the best predictive cutoff value for outcomes was 0.233.

Background Renal hypoxia plays a key role in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Shen Shuai II Recipe (SSR) has shown good results in the treatment of CKD as a common herbal formula. This study aimed to explore the effect of SSR on renal hypoxia and injury in CKD rats.Methods Twenty-five Wistar rats underwent 5/6 renal ablation/infarction (A/I) surgery were randomly divided into three groups: 5/6 (A/I), 5/6 (A/I) + losartan (LOS), and 5/6 (A/I) + SSR groups. Another eight normal rats were used as the Sham group. After 8-week corresponding interventions, blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) was performed to evaluate renal oxygenation in all rats, and biochemical indicators were used to measure kidney and liver function, hemoglobin, and proteinuria. The expression of fibrosis and hypoxia-related proteins was analyzed using immunoblotting examination.Results Renal oxygenation, evaluated by BOLD-fMRI as cortical and medullary T2* values (COT2* and MET2*), was decreased in 5/6 (A/I) rats, but increased after SSR treatment. SSR also downregulated the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in 5/6 (A/I) kidneys. With the improvement of renal hypoxia, renal function and fibrosis were improved in 5/6 (A/I) rats, accompanied by reduced proteinuria. Furthermore, the COT2* and MET2* were significantly positively correlated with the levels of creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) and hemoglobin, but negatively associated with the levels of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum cystatin C (CysC), serum uric acid (UA), 24-h urinary protein (24-h Upr), and urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR).Conclusion The degree of renal oxygenation reduction is correlated with the severity of renal injury in CKD. SSR can improve renal hypoxia to attenuate renal injury in 5/6 (A/I) rats of CKD.

BackgroundAllergic rhinitis (AR) affects up to 40% of the population, leading to significant healthcare expenditures. Current mainstream treatments, while effective, can lead to side effects and do not address the underlying immunological imbalances. Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisatum (ZRC), the partially charred product of Zingiberis Rhizoma (ZR), has been widely used clinically in China since ancient times to treat respiratory disorders.MethodsInspired by the similarity between high-temperature pyrolysis and carbonization processing of herbal medicine, ZRC derived CDs (ZRC-CDs) were extracted and purified through several procedures. Then, the physicochemical characteristics of CDs were delineated through a suite of characterization methods. Moreover, our investigation zeroed in on elucidating the ameliorative impacts of CDs on ovalbumin-induced rat models alongside their underlying mechanisms.ResultsZRC-CDs with particle sizes ranging from 1.0 to 3.5 nm and rich surface functional groups. Additionally, we observed that ZRC-CDs significantly attenuated nasal symptoms and pathological damage in ovalbumin-induced AR rats, and modulated lipid metabolism and type 2 inflammatory responses. They also inhibit PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT pathways, which are associated with metabolism and inflammation. Importantly, ZRC-CDs demonstrated high biocompatibility, underscoring their potential as a novel therapeutic agent.ConclusionZRC-CDs offer a promising alternative for AR treatment and could help facilitate broader clinical use of the ZRC. In addition, the exploration of the inherent bioactivity of CDs can help to broaden their biological applications.

ObjectiveThis study integrates network pharmacology and metabolomics techniques to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of Res on gouty arthritis (GA).MethodsNetwork pharmacology was used to predict the mechanism of Res in regulating GA, and methods such as HE staining, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, Real-time PCR, Western blot, and molecular docking were used to verify the role of NF-κB, MAPK, and JAK/STAT inflammatory signaling pathways in the MSU-induced GA rat model. In addition, non-targeted metabolomics techniques were combined to further investigate the mechanism of Res in treating GA.ResultsThe results of network pharmacology showed that Res may exert its therapeutic effects through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Animal experiments demonstrated that in the MSU-induced GA rat model, pathological damage, serum biochemical indicators, and levels of inflammatory factors were significantly increased, and the NF-κB signaling pathway was activated. The intervention of Res significantly reduced pathological damage, serum biochemical indicators, levels of inflammatory factors, and the activation of NF-κB, MAPK, and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in the model rats. Metabolomics results showed that Res could improve the metabolic trajectory deviations in serum and joint fluid of GA model rats. Through related metabolic pathway analysis, the most affected metabolic pathways were found to be Sphingolipid metabolism, Glycerophospholipid metabolism, Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, Pantothenate and CoA, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle), and Arachidonic acid metabolism.ConclusionResveratrol can regulate the biosynthetic pathways of arachidonic acid, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, pantothenic acid and CoA biosynthesis pathways, TCA cycle, and other metabolic pathways, thereby regulating the NF-κB, MAPK, and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways, and inhibiting the acute inflammatory response during GA attacks, showing characteristics of multi-pathway and multi-target action.

BackgroundShort video addiction (SVA) among college students is influenced by personality traits, namely, neuroticism and agreeableness. However, the role of depression and anxiety as mediators remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the mediating role of comorbid depression and anxiety in the relationship between different dimensions of university students’ personalities and SVA.MethodsThe SPSS PROCESS was utilized to analyze data from 804 university students across seven universities in China.ResultsThe findings show that neuroticism, agreeableness, and extraversion in the personalities of Chinese university students are all significantly linked to SVA; neuroticism and agreeableness in the personalities of university students have a greater impact on SVA; both neuroticism and agreeableness can first induce depression and then lead to anxiety and SVA, whereas only agreeableness can first lead to anxiety and then result in depression and SVA.ConclusionThis study uncovers the intricate relationship between personality traits and SVA among college students, emphasizing depression and anxiety as critical chain mediators in this relationship. It reveals that neuroticism and agreeableness significantly influence SVA through specific pathways involving depression and anxiety, indicating that interventions targeting these traits are essential.

Objectives: This work aimed to evaluate the effect of music-based intervention (MBI) on anxiety and stress-related vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure) in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and CINAHL were systematically searched from inception to October 31, 2023. Two authors independently searched electronic databases, selected literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias according to the eligibility criteria. The Review Manager software (RevMan version 5.4.1) was used to perform meta-analysis. Results: Eleven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with adult patients (n = 1204) (passive music therapy, 8 studies; passive music listening, 3 studies) were enrolled and brought into qualitative assessment. Nine of these RCTs (n = 868) were taken into quantitative analysis. Meta-analysis using the random-effects model revealed that the difference in the pre-post anxiety level in the music group was significantly greater than that in the control group. However, meta-analysis results for heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure did not show significant differences. Conclusion: The findings suggested that MBI had a significant effect on reducing anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. However, the limited quantity and quality of included studies highlight the need for additional research to comprehensively analyze the influence of MBI on anxiety reduction in this patient population.

Abstract This study aimed to retrospectively examine the computed tomography (CT) features of lung adenocarcinoma across different demographic groups. Preoperative chest CT findings from 1266 surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma cases were retrospectively analyzed. Lung adenocarcinomas were categorized based on CT characteristics into pure ground glass (pGGO), nodule-containing ground glass opacity (mGGO), and pure solid without containing ground glass opacity (pSD). These categories were correlated with sex, age, EGFR status, and five histopathological subtypes. The diameters of pGGO, mGGO, and pSD significantly increased across all patient groups (P 60 years) for both males (P = 0.002) and females (P = 0.027). The frequency of pSD was higher in the older age group for both sexes. A linear correlation between age and diameter was observed in the entire cohort as well as in the male and female groups (P

Abstract Objective PD-L1 was an important biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma. The study was to confirm the most important factor affecting the expression of PD-L1 remains undetermined. Methods The clinical records of 1045 lung adenocarcinoma patients were retrospectively reviewed. The High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) scanning images of all the participants were analyzed, and based on the CT characteristics, the adenocarcinomas were categorized according to CT textures. Furthermore, PD-L1 expression and Ki67 index were detected by immunohistochemistry. All patients underwent EGFR mutation detection. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.04–2.89, p = 0.004), EGFR wild (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.11–2.07, p = 0.009), micropapillary subtypes (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.46–2.89, p 3 cm and CT textures of pSD showed a correlation with high expression of PD-L1. Further analysis revealed that smoking, micropapillary subtype, and EGFR wild type were also associated with high Ki67 expression. Moreover, high Ki67 expression was observed more frequently in tumors of size > 3 cm than in tumors with ≤ 3 cm size as well as in CT texture of pSD than lesions with GGO components. In addition, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only lesions with micropapillary components correlated with pSD (OR: 3.96, 95% CI: 2.52–5.37, p

Abstract We investigate the weak decays of the triply heavy baryon $$\Omega _{QQQ}$$ Ω QQQ in the light-front quark model. Since $$\Omega _{QQQ}$$ Ω QQQ consists of three indistinguishable identical heavy quarks, the commonly adopted quark–diquark picture does not seem to be valid anymore. Instead, we employ the three-quark picture for baryons where the three quarks are regarded as individual quarks. We calculate the hadronic form factors for the transitions and give predictions for the decay widths of the semi-leptonic decay modes $$\Omega _{ccc}\rightarrow \Xi _{cc}/ \Omega _{cc}+ l^+\nu _l$$ Ω ccc → Ξ cc / Ω cc + l + ν l , $$\Omega _{bbb}\rightarrow \Xi _{bb}+ l^-\bar{\nu }_l$$ Ω bbb → Ξ bb + l - ν ¯ l and the non-leptonic decay modes $$\Omega _{ccc}\rightarrow \Xi _{cc}/\Omega _{cc}+ M$$ Ω ccc → Ξ cc / Ω cc + M , $$\Omega _{bbb}\rightarrow \Xi _{bb}+ M$$ Ω bbb → Ξ bb + M . Our study can be a guide for future experiments to discover the triply heavy baryons.

Owing to its tyrosinase inhibitory activity, α-arbutin has been added to several skin care products as a skin-lightening agent. However, the protective effect of α-arbutin against ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced photoaging has not been well investigated. The present study was designed to investigate the photoprotective effect and mechanism of α-arbutin against UVA-induced photoaging. In vitro experiments, HaCaT cells were treated with UVA at a dose of 3 J/cm2 to evaluate the anti-photoaging effect of α-arbutin. α-Arbutin was found to exhibit a strong antioxidant effect by increasing glutathione (GSH) level and inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Meanwhile, α-arbutin markedly improved the expression of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α) proteins, initiating downstream signaling to increase mitochondrial membrane potential and mediate mitochondrial biogenesis, and improve mitochondrial structure significantly. In vivo analysis, the mice with shaved back hair were irradiated with a cumulative UVA dose of 10 J/cm2 and a cumulative ultraviolet B (UVB) dose of 0.63 J/cm2. The animal experiments demonstrated that α-arbutin increased the expression of SIRT3 and PGC-1α proteins in the back skin of mice, thereby reducing UV-induced skin damage. In conclusion, α-arbutin protects HaCaT cells and mice from UVA damage by regulating SIRT3/PGC-1α signaling pathway.