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10. Timely antiretroviral prophylaxis during pregnancy effectively reduces HIV mother-to-child transmission in eight counties in China: a prospective study during 2004-2011.

Author

Wang, Qian, Wang, Linhong, Fang, Liwen, Wang, Ailing, Jin, Xi, Wang, Fang, Wang, Xiaoyan, Qiao, Yaping, Sullivan, Sheena, Rutherford, Shannon, and Zhang, Lei

Subjects
Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, China, Female, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Male, Nevirapine, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective Studies
Abstract

This study investigates the improvement of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in China during 2004-2011. A clinic-based prospective study was conducted among HIV-positive pregnant women and their children in eight counties across China. Associated factors of mother-to-child transmission were analyzed using regression analysis. A total of 1,387 HIV+ pregnant women and 1,377 HIV-exposed infants were enrolled. The proportion of pregnant women who received HIV testing increased significantly from 45.1% to 98.9% during 2004-2011. Among whom, the proportion that received antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis increased from 61% to 96%, and the corresponding coverage in children increased from 85% to 97% during the same period. In contrast, single-dose nevirapine treatment during delivery declined substantially from 97.9% to 12.7%. Vertical transmission of HIV declined from 11.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.7-23.3%) in 2004 to 1.2% (95% CI: 0.1-5.8%) in 2011. Women who had a vaginal delivery (compared to emergency caesarian section (odds ratio [OR] = 0.46; 0.23-0.96)) and mothers on multi-ARVs (OR = 0.11; 0.04-0.29) were less likely to transmit HIV to their newborns. Increasing HIV screening enabled timely HIV care and prophylaxis to reduce vertical transmission of HIV. Early and consistent treatment with multi-ARVs during pregnancy is vital for PMTCT.

Published
2016

17. The Chinese Children and Families Cohort Study: The Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Collection

Author

Potischman, Nancy, Fang, Liwen, Hao, Ling, Bailey, Regan R., Berrigan, David, Berry, Robert John, Brodie, Alison, Chao, Ann, Chen, Jing, Dodd, Kevin, Feng, Yajing, Ma, Guansheng, He, Yuna, Fan, Jing, Kimlin, Michael, Kitahara, Cari, Linet, Martha, Li, Zhu, Liu, Ailing, Liu, Yashan, Sampson, Joshua, Su, Joseph, Sun, Jiandong, Tasevska, Natasa, Yang, Lichen, Yang, Ruilan, Zhang, Qian, Wang, Ning, Wang, Linhong, and Yu, Wang

Published
2018
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20. Effect of Polymer Additives on the Crystal Habit of Metformin HCl

Author

Bellucci, Michael A., primary, Marx, Anke, additional, Wang, Bing, additional, Fang, Liwen, additional, Zhou, Yunfei, additional, Greenwell, Chandler, additional, Li, Zhuhong, additional, Becker, Axel, additional, Sun, GuangXu, additional, Brandenburg, Jan Gerit, additional, and Sekharan, Sivakumar, additional

Published
2023
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26. Geographical Disparity and Associated Factors of COPD Prevalence in China: A Spatial Analysis of National Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Wang, Ning, Cong, Shu, Fan, Jing, Bao, Heling, Wang, Baohua, Yang, Ting, Feng, Yajing, Liu, Yang, Wang, Linhong, Wang, Chen, Hu, Wenbiao, and Fang, Liwen

Subjects
Adult, Male, China, classification and regression tree, International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Risk Assessment, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Risk Factors, Prevalence, COPD, Cluster Analysis, Humans, kriging, Original Research, Aged, Spatial Analysis, Smoking, spatial clusters, Age Factors, Urban Health, Health Status Disparities, Middle Aged, Health Surveys, respiratory tract diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female
Abstract

Ning Wang,1,2 Shu Cong,1 Jing Fan,1 Heling Bao,1 Baohua Wang,1 Ting Yang,3 Yajing Feng,1 Yang Liu,4 Linhong Wang,1 Chen Wang,3,5 Wenbiao Hu,2 Liwen Fang1 1National Center for Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; 3Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 5Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Liwen FangNational Center for Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 135 5239 3376Fax +86 010 6304 2350Email fangliwen@ncncd.chinacdc.cnWenbiao HuSchool of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, AustraliaTel/Fax +61 7 3138 5724Email w2.hu@qut.edu.auPurpose: COPD prevalence has rapidly increased in China, but the geographical disparities in COPD prevalence remain largely unknown. This study aimed to assess city-level disparities in COPD prevalence and identify the relative importance of COPD related risk factors in mainland China.Patients and Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study of COPD recruited 66,752 adults across the mainland China between 2014 and 2015. Patients with COPD were ascertained by a post-bronchodilator pulmonary function test. We estimated the city-specific prevalence of COPD by spatial kriging interpolation method. We detected spatial clusters with a significantly higher prevalence of COPD by spatial scan statistics. We determined the relative importance of COPD associated risk factors by a nonparametric and nonlinear classification and regression tree (CART) model.Results: The three spatial clusters with the highest prevalence of COPD were located in parts of Sichuan, Gansu, and Shaanxi, etc. (relative risks (RRs)) ranging from 1.55 (95% CI 1.55– 1.56) to 1.33 (95% CI 1.33– 1.33)). CART showed that advanced age (≥ 60 years) was the most important factor associated with COPD in the overall population, followed by smoking. We estimated that there were about 28.5 million potentially avoidable cases of COPD among people aged 40 or older if they never smoked. PM2.5 was an important associated risk factor for COPD in the north, northeast, and southwest of China. After adjusting for age and smoking, the spatial cluster with the highest prevalence shifted to most of Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, and Ningxia, etc. (RR 1.65 (95% CI 1.63– 1.67)).Conclusion: The spatial clusters of COPD at the city level and regionally varied important risk factors for COPD would help develop tailored interventions for COPD in China. After adjusting for the main risk factors, the spatial clusters of COPD shifted, indicating that there would be other potential risk factors for the remaining clusters which call for further studies.Keywords: COPD, spatial clusters, kriging, classification and regression tree

Published
2020

28. An Advanced Machine Learning Method for Simultaneous Breast Cancer Risk Prediction and Risk Factors’ Significance Ranking in Chinese Population

Author

Liu, Liyuan, primary, He, Yong, additional, Kao, Chunyu, additional, Fan, Yeye, additional, Yang, Fu, additional, Wang, Fei, additional, Yu, Lixiang, additional, Zhou, Fei, additional, Xiang, Yujuan, additional, Huang, Shuya, additional, Zheng, Chao, additional, Cai, Han, additional, Bao, Heling, additional, Fang, Liwen, additional, Wang, Linhong, additional, Chen, Zengjing, additional, and Yu, Zhigang, additional

Published
2022
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29. Influences of surface waves on the power generation performance of a ocean current energy turbine

Author

Fang Liwen, Wenlong Tian, Baowei Song, and Zhaoyong Mao

Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Amplitude, business.industry, Surface wave, Water turbine, Wave height, Stokes wave, Transient (oscillation), Mechanics, Computational fluid dynamics, business, Turbine, Geology
Abstract

It is known that wave has significant influence on ocean current turbines during the process of collecting energy. In order to study the influence of waves on the hydrodynamic performance of a near-surface vertical axis water turbine (VAWT), this paper carries out a series of two-dimensional transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. First, a two-dimensional numerical wave basin based on CFD is built by defining inlet boundary. The accuracy of the numerical method is ensured through comparison between numerical wave shape and theoretical Stokes wave shape. The influences of waves are quantitatively analyzed by separately discussing hydrodynamics performances and flow structures of a VAWT under different wave heights and submerged depth. It is found that the average torque, the fluctuation amplitude of the torque and power coefficient increase with the increased wave height, and decrease with the increased submerged depth.

Published
2020
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30. Geographical Disparity and Associated Factors of COPD Prevalence in China: A Spatial Analysis of National Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Wang,Ning, Cong,Shu, Fan,Jing, Bao,Heling, Wang,Baohua, Yang,Ting, Feng,Yajing, Liu,Yang, Wang,Linhong, Wang,Chen, Hu,Wenbiao, Fang,Liwen, Wang,Ning, Cong,Shu, Fan,Jing, Bao,Heling, Wang,Baohua, Yang,Ting, Feng,Yajing, Liu,Yang, Wang,Linhong, Wang,Chen, Hu,Wenbiao, and Fang,Liwen

Abstract

Ning Wang,1,2 Shu Cong,1 Jing Fan,1 Heling Bao,1 Baohua Wang,1 Ting Yang,3 Yajing Feng,1 Yang Liu,4 Linhong Wang,1 Chen Wang,3,5 Wenbiao Hu,2 Liwen Fang1 1National Center for Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; 3Center of Respiratory Medicine, China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 5Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Liwen FangNational Center for Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 135 5239 3376Fax +86 010 6304 2350Email fangliwen@ncncd.chinacdc.cnWenbiao HuSchool of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, AustraliaTel/Fax +61 7 3138 5724Email w2.hu@qut.edu.auPurpose: COPD prevalence has rapidly increased in China, but the geographical disparities in COPD prevalence remain largely unknown. This study aimed to assess city-level disparities in COPD prevalence and identify the relative importance of COPD related risk factors in mainland China.Patients and Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study of COPD recruited 66,752 adults across the mainland China between 2014 and 2015. Patients with COPD were ascertained by a post-bronchodilator pulmonary function test. We estimated the city-specific prevalence of COPD by spatial kriging interpolation method. We detected spatial clusters

Published
2020

31. Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Cytology for Detection of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Invasive Cancer: A Multicenter, Clinical-Based, Observational Study

Author

Bao, Heling, primary, Bi, Hui, additional, Zhang, Xiaosong, additional, Zhao, Yun, additional, Dong, Yan, additional, Luo, Xiping, additional, Zhou, Deping, additional, You, Zhixue, additional, Wu, Yinglan, additional, Liu, Zhaoyang, additional, Zhang, Yuping, additional, Liu, Juan, additional, Fang, Liwen, additional, and Wang, Linhong, additional

Published
2020
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32. Physical Activity, Step Counts, and Grip Strength in the Chinese Children and Families Cohort Study

Author

Berrigan, David, primary, Liu, Ailing, additional, Belcher, Britni R., additional, Chao, Ann, additional, Fang, Liwen, additional, Matthews, Charles E., additional, Wang, Baohua, additional, Wang, Linhong, additional, Wang, Ning, additional, Wang, Yu, additional, Yang, Lichen, additional, Linet, Martha S., additional, and Potischman, Nancy, additional

Published
2020
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33. Influenza vaccination rate and its association with chronic diseases in China: Results of a national cross-sectional study

Author

Fan, Jing, primary, Cong, Shu, additional, Wang, Ning, additional, Bao, Heling, additional, Wang, Baohua, additional, Feng, Yajing, additional, Lv, Xueli, additional, Zhang, Yang, additional, Zha, Zhenqiu, additional, Yu, Lianzheng, additional, Yang, Ting, additional, Wang, Linhong, additional, and Fang, Liwen, additional

Published
2020
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35. Prospective investigation of folic acid supplements before and during early pregnancy and paediatric and adult cancers in the Chinese children and families cohort: a pilot study in a sample of rural and urban families

Author

Linet, Martha S, primary, Wang, Linhong, additional, Wang, Ning, additional, Berry, Robert J, additional, Chao, Ann, additional, Hao, Ling, additional, Li, Zhu, additional, Fang, Liwen, additional, Yin, Peng, additional, Potischman, Nancy, additional, Sun, Xin, additional, Meng, Fanweng, additional, Yang, Ruilan, additional, Cong, Shu, additional, Fan, Jing, additional, Kitahara, Cari M, additional, Liang, Xiaofeng, additional, Liu, Fang, additional, Lu, Xiaojun, additional, Lv, Fan, additional, Mu, Chunhua, additional, Sampson, Joshua, additional, Tang, Yongmin, additional, Wan, Weiqing, additional, Wang, Baohua, additional, Wang, Hongsheng, additional, Zhang, Leping, additional, and Wang, Yu, additional

Published
2018
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41. Twinned growth behaviour of two-dimensional materials

Author

Zhang, Tao, primary, Jiang, Bei, additional, Xu, Zhen, additional, Mendes, Rafael G., additional, Xiao, Yao, additional, Chen, Linfeng, additional, Fang, Liwen, additional, Gemming, Thomas, additional, Chen, Shengli, additional, Rümmeli, Mark H., additional, and Fu, Lei, additional

Published
2016
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42. Timely antiretroviral prophylaxis during pregnancy effectively reduces HIV mother-to-child transmission in eight counties in China: a prospective study during 2004–2011

Author

Wang, Qian, primary, Wang, Linhong, additional, Fang, Liwen, additional, Wang, Ailing, additional, Jin, Xi, additional, Wang, Fang, additional, Wang, Xiaoyan, additional, Qiao, Yaping, additional, Sullivan, Sheena G., additional, Rutherford, Shannon, additional, and Zhang, Lei, additional

Published
2016
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43. Edge-to-Edge Oriented Self-Assembly of ReS2 Nanoflakes

Author

Zhang, Qin, primary, Wang, Wenjie, additional, Kong, Xin, additional, Mendes, Rafael G., additional, Fang, Liwen, additional, Xue, Yinghui, additional, Xiao, Yao, additional, Rümmeli, Mark H., additional, Chen, Shengli, additional, and Fu, Lei, additional

Published
2016
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45. Isotropic Growth of Graphene toward Smoothing Stitching

Author

Zeng, Mengqi, primary, Tan, Lifang, additional, Wang, Lingxiang, additional, Mendes, Rafael G., additional, Qin, Zhihui, additional, Huang, Yaxin, additional, Zhang, Tao, additional, Fang, Liwen, additional, Zhang, Yanfeng, additional, Yue, Shuanglin, additional, Rümmeli, Mark H., additional, Peng, Lianmao, additional, Liu, Zhongfan, additional, Chen, Shengli, additional, and Fu, Lei, additional

Published
2016
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46. Two competing ionization processes in ESI-MS analysis of N-(1,3-diphenylallyl)benzenamines: formation of the unusual [M−H]+ion versus the regular [M+H]+ion

Author

Fang, Liwen, Dong, Cheng, Guo, Cheng, Xu, Jianxing, Liu, Qiaoling, Qu, Zhirong, and Jiang, Kezhi

Abstract

A series of N-(1,3-diphenylallyl)benzenamine derivatives (M) were investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the positive-ion mode. Both the anomalous [M−H]+and the regular [M+H]+were observed in the ESI mass spectra. The occurrence of [M−H]+has been supported by accurate mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Calculation results indicated that formation of [M−H]+is attributed to the ion-molecule reaction of M with the protonated ESI solvent molecule (e.g. CH3OH2+) via hydride abstraction from a tertiary Csp3−H. The competing ionization processes leading to [M−H]+or [M+H]+were significantly affected by the concentration of formic acid in the electrospray ionization solvent and the proton affinity of the Natom.

Published
2018
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48. Electrocatalytic O2Reduction on Pt: Multiple Roles of Oxygenated Adsorbates, Nature of Active Sites, and Origin of Overpotential

Author

Chen, Junxiang, Fang, Liwen, Luo, Siwei, Liu, Yuwen, and Chen, Shengli

Abstract

This work aims to reveal the origin of the large onset overpotential and sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on Pt, a standing problem that hinders the progress of fuel cell technology. By investigating various possible reaction steps and pathways through detailed DFT calculations on Pt(111) surface covered by rationalized phase structures of oxygenated adsorbates, we show that the ORR overpotential and Tafel kinetics originate from the potential-dependent formation of a site-blocking spectator phase, √3 × √3-structured oxygen adatoms (O*), which coexists with a relatively weak blocking phase, (√3 × √3)R30°-patterned adsorption network of hydroxyl group (OH*) and water molecule (H2O*) at ORR relevant potentials. The OH*/H2O* phase provides sites for ORR to proceed through a dissociative pathway consisting of four proton/electron transfer (PET) steps. The first step, PET-coupled O2adsorption, is identified as the activity-determining step. Different from the usual beliefs, we found the O2and O* do not directly accept proton during the reduction steps; rather, OH* and H2O* act as PET mediators to facilitate the O2adsorption and dissociation and the O* reduction. These findings unveil the distinctly multiple roles of various oxygenated adsorbates as intermediates, spectators, and PET mediators in ORR. The implications of these findings on designing Pt-based catalysts are discussed. It is concluded that the binding strength of O* impacts the ORR activity of Pt-based surface predominantly by modulating the number of the available active sites, rather than the activation barriers for the rate-determining step.

Published
2017
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