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A mechanical vapor re-compression (MVR) evaporation system for the treatment of the highly-concentrated inorganic salt wastewater was investigated, and its process characteristics were analyzed taking sodium chloride salt wastewater as the treated solution. In this paper, by adding “H2O2 oxidation + filter +flash evaporation + hot filter” technology on the basis of original traditional MVR treatment system, the optimum technological conditions were determined through the experiment: The pH value is 8.5; the oxidation time is 24.0h; H2O2 amount accounting for 1% of the total wastewater under the condition of outlet test MVR system respectively fell 88.5% and 90.1% than the traditional process of effluent COD and NH3-N removal rate. MVR system for the sodium chloride salt qualified rate was increased from 83.2% to 98.2%. On the other hand, this process avoided the highly-concentrated outside of mother liquor by flashing evaporation recycling volatile solvent; the optimization process results were found to be consistent with published practical industrial data. Compared with the new process MVR system, the operation load of MVR system was lower. Therefore, the system can be used to treat the highly-concentrated inorganic salt wastewater and save energy. Therefore, the cleaning process can achieve remarkable energy saving and consumption, and reduce the pollution and the pollution and environmental protection effect.

Shear strength is enhanced within the short shear span of reinforced concrete beams that are loaded on their upper side within a distance of around 2-2·5 of supports (where is the beam effective depth). Eurocode 2 and fib Model Code 2010 (MC2010) account for this by reducing the design shear force, unlike the previous UK code BS 8110, which increases the shear resistance provided by concrete. Eurocode 2 and MC2010 also allow shear enhancement to be modelled using strut-and-tie models. Very few test data are available to assess the comparative merits of these approaches for the design of beams with multiple point loads within of supports. Consequently, 12 beams were tested to investigate the influence of loading arrangement on shear resistance. Comparisons are made between the strengths of the tested beams and the predictions of BS 8110, Eurocode 2, MC2010, strut-and-tie modelling and non-linear finite-element analysis. Significantly, the BS 8110 approach of enhancing shear resistance is found to give better strength predictions than the load reduction methods of Eurocode 2 and MC2010. Accuracy of the non-linear finite-element analysis and strut-and-tie model is broadly comparable, but the former requires calibration, unlike the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the design and analysis of a series of one and two-span deep beams that have been tested previously. The beams are assessed with non-linear finite-element analysis and two alternative strut and tie models. The reinforcement is subsequently designed to resist between 60 and 80% of the measured failure loads using a semi-automated finite-element based procedure and the two strut and tie models. The semi-automated design procedure is implemented in NonOpt, which is a Fortran program that works in conjunction with the finite-element program Diana. The reinforcement is designed to resist stresses calculated in a non-linear finite-element analysis. The case studies with NonOpt examine the influence of basing the initial reinforcement design on either a linear or non-linear finite-element analysis. The influence of tension stiffening is also considered. The least reinforcement weight is obtained when the initial design is based on a non-linear analysis without tension stiffening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cost-effective sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are emerging as a desirable alternative choice to lithium ion batteries in terms of application in large-scale energy storage devices. SnS 2 is regarded as a potential anode material for SIBs because of its unique layered structure and high theoretical specific capacity. However, the development of SnS 2 was hindered by the sluggish kinetics of the diffusion process and the inevitable volume change during repeated sodiation-desodiation processes. In this work, SnS 2 with a unique nanowall array (NWA) structure is fabricated by one-step pulsed spray evaporation chemical vapor deposition (PSE-CVD), which could be used directly as binder-free and carbon-free anodes for SIBs. The SnS 2 NWA electrode achieves a high reversible capacity of 576 mAh g -1 at 500 mA g -1 and enhanced cycling stability. Attractively, an excellent rate capability is demonstrated with ∼370 mAh g -1 at 5 A g -1 , corresponding to a capacity retention of 64.2% at 500 mA g -1 . The superior sodium storage capability of the SnS 2 NWA electrode could be attributed to outstanding electrode design and a rational growth process, which favor fast electron and Na-ion transport, as well as provide steady structure for elongated cycling.

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a novel method developed in recent years for Blind Source Separation. In this paper, the phonocardiogram (PCG) was separated into three components by applying ICA. The basic principle of ICA was introduced in this paper. A fast and robust fixed-point algorithm for ICA was used to analyze PCG signals in this study. The experiments showed that ICA could separate the components of heart sounds from PCG signals successfully.