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2. New high-tech flexible networks for the monitoring of deep-sea ecosystems

Author

Aguzzi, J., Chatzievangelou, D., Marini, S., Fanelli, E., Danovaro, R., Flogel, S., Juanes, F., De Leo, F., Del Rio, J., Laurenz, T., Costa, C., Riccobene, G., Tamburini, C., Lefevre, D., Gojak, C., Poulain, P-M., Favali, P., Griffa, A., Purser, A., Cline, D., Edgington, D., Navarro, J., Stefanini, S., Hondt, S. D, Priede, I. G., Rountree, R., and Company, J. B.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution
Abstract

Increasing interest in the acquisition of biotic and abiotic resources from within the deep sea (e.g. fisheries, oil-gas extraction, and mining) urgently imposes the development of novel monitoring technologies, beyond the traditional vessel-assisted, time-consuming, high-cost sampling surveys. The implementation of permanent networks of seabed and water-column cabled (fixed) and docked mobile platforms is presently enforced, to cooperatively measure biological features and environmental (physico-chemical) parameters. Video and acoustic (i.e. optoacoustic) imaging are becoming central approaches for studying benthic fauna (e.g. quantifying species presence, behaviour, and trophic interactions) in a remote, continuous, and prolonged fashion. Imaging is also being complemented by in situ environmental-DNA sequencing technologies, allowing the traceability of a wide range of organisms (including prokaryotes) beyond the reach of optoacoustic tools. Here, we describe the different fixed and mobile platforms of those benthic and pelagic monitoring networks, proposing at the same time an innovative roadmap for the automated computing of hierarchical ecological information of deep-sea ecosystems (i.e. from single species abundance and life traits, to community composition, and overall biodiversity), Comment: 56 pages, 4 figures This document is the unedited Author's version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Environmental Science and Technology, copyright American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see Journal Reference

Published
2022
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7. Towards a marine strategy for the deep Mediterranean Sea: Analysis of current ecological status

Author

Angeletti, L., Barsanti, M., Borg, J.A., Bosso, M., Brind'Amour, A., Castellan, G., Conte, F., Delbono, I., Galgani, F., Morgana, G., Prato, S., Schirone, A., Soldevila, E., Danovaro, R., Fanelli, E., Canals, M., Ciuffardi, T., Fabri, M.-C., Taviani, M., Argyrou, M., Azzurro, E., Bianchelli, S., Cantafaro, A., Carugati, L., Corinaldesi, C., de Haan, W.P., Dell’Anno, A., Evans, J., Foglini, F., Galil, B., Gianni, M., Goren, M., Greco, S., Grimalt, J., Güell-Bujons, Q., Jadaud, A., Knittweis, L., Lopez, J.L., Sanchez-Vidal, A., Schembri, P.J., Snelgrove, P., and Vaz, S.

Published
2020
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11. An ecosystem-based deep-ocean strategy

Author

Danovaro, R., Aguzzi, J., Fanelli, E., Billett, D., Gjerde, K., Jamieson, A., Ramirez-Llodra, E., Smith, C. R., Snelgrove, P. V. R., Thomsen, L., and Van Dover, C. L.

Published
2017

24. Megafaunal assemblages in deep-sea ecosystems of the Gulf of Cadiz, northeast Atlantic ocean

Author

Grinyó, J., Francescangeli, M., Santin, A., Ercilla, G., Estrada, F., Mechó, A., Fanelli, E., Costa, C., Danovaro, R., Company, J.B., Sobrino, I., Valencia, J., Aguzzi, J., Grinyó, J., Francescangeli, M., Santin, A., Ercilla, G., Estrada, F., Mechó, A., Fanelli, E., Costa, C., Danovaro, R., Company, J.B., Sobrino, I., Valencia, J., and Aguzzi, J.

Abstract

Deep-sea ecosystems of the Iberian margin have been widely impacted over the past decades, but the limited knowledge on their biodiversity and functioning limits our ability to contribute to their conservation. So far, in the Gulf of Cadiz, research has mostly been focused on megabenthic assemblages associated to mud volcanoes . However, several other geomorphological structures have remained widely unexplored. Here, by means of a quantitative analysis of 17 video transects conducted between 220 and 980 m depth, we investigated megabenthic assemblages associated to canyons, contouritic channels, contouritic furrows and open slopes. We report the presence of 8 different assemblages, segregated as a result of the different substrates and geomorphologic features. Megabenthic assemblages on hard substrates were characterized by mono or multispecific sponge assemblages. Soft bottoms hosted crinoid beds,pennatulacean meadows and fields of the gorgonian Radicipes gracilis. These results highlight the high diversity of megabenthic assemblages in deep-sea ecosystems of the Gulf of Cadiz and suggest that most of the geomorphological features that remained so far unexplored represent vulnerable marine ecosystems deser

Published
2022

48. Morphological and biological variability of steinernema feltiae (nematoda, steinernematidae) Italian strains (1)

Author

Clausi M., Troccoli A., Leone D., De Luca F., Rappazzo G., Fanelli E., Ravlic J., and Tarasco E.

Subjects
morphometrics, biological characterization, entomopathogenic nematode
Abstract

Steinernema feltiae belongs to the feltiae-kraussei-oregonensis group, clade III, and is an ubiquitarian species of entomopathogenic nematode. It is found in all types of soil and in all types of habitat. Species identification in the entomopathogenic nematodes genera Steinernema is a very complex task, given the broad variability of both morphological and biological traits within populations of a single species. To accomplish this, molecular techniques have been adopted which, however, require additional knowledge. Particularly relevant would be the possibility of testing in a reliable way the variability between different populations of the same species, which might represent different strains with different biological properties. During numerous samplings in Italy, several strains of S. feltiae were isolated. In this paper we analyze the intraspecific variability of the main morphometric and biological data of juveniles and males of 50 Italian populations of S. feltiae. The aim of our work was to determine if morphometric and biological analysis were useful to identify characters having significant diagnostic value, allowing to reliably discriminate among strains. Seven characters routinely computed for morphology (5 morphometrics for infective juveniles, spicula and gubernaculum shapes for males) and 2 biological performances (time to achieve adult stage, reproduction and progeny) were considered. The results showed extreme variability from both morphological and biological points of view

Published
2020

49. Potential of native entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys in Georgia

Author

Burjanadze M., Gorgadze O., De Luca F., Troccoli A., Lortkipanidze M., Kharabadze N., Arjevanidze M., Fanelli E., and Tarasco

Subjects
Horticulture, biology, Insect Science, Brown marmorated stink bug, biology.organism_classification, Agronomy and Crop Science, entomopathogenic nematodes Halyomorpha halys HRB Steinernema apuliae Steinernema borjomiense, Steinernema apuliae
Abstract

The potential of native entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of the brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys was evaluated in experimental trials in Georgia. Two Georgian strains of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (HRB, GEO) and Steinernema borjomiense and two Italian strains of H. bacteriophora (HRB, IT) and S. apuliae were used in laboratory assays (22°C and 80% RH) at concentrations of 1000, 500 and 200 infective juveniles (IJs) per adult H. halys. The mortality of tested insects was estimated from the third day after treatment. Differences in mortality of the tested insect were observed between Georgian and Italian strains. At the highest concentration (1000 IJs/adult), mortality (%) of H. halys induced by Georgian strains HRB and S. borjomiense was 53.3 and 40, respectively, at 500 IJs/adult 40 and 33.3, and at 200 IJs/adult 33.3 and 13.3, respectively. Italian strains HRB (IT) and S. apuliae proved more suppressive against the tested insects, with mortality rates of 95.5 and 60, 93.3 and 40 and 73.3 and 33.2%, at concentrations of 1000, 500 and 200 IJs/adult of H. halys, respectively. The present study provides further insights in selection of promising EPN strains to be used against this harmful insect pest, although further studies to test their efficacy under field conditions are needed.

Published
2020
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50. MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF STEINERNEMA FELTIAE (NEMATODA, STEINERNEMATIDAE) ITALIAN STRAINS

Author

Clausi, M., Troccoli, A., Leone, D., De Luca, F., Rappazzo, G., Fanelli, E., Ravlic, J., and Tarasco, E.

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, morphometrics, biological characterization, morphometrics, biological characterization, entomopathogenic nematode, Biology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Steinernema feltiae, entomopathogenic nematode, Biological variability
Abstract

Steinernema feltiae belongs to the feltiae-kraussei-oregonensis group, clade III, and is an ubiquitarian species of entomopathogenic nematode. It is found in all types of soil and in all types of habitat. Species identification in the entomopathogenic nematodes genera Steinernema is a very complex task, given the broad variability of both morphological and biological traits within populations of a single species. To accomplish this, molecular techniques have been adopted which, however, require additional knowledge. Particularly relevant would be the possibility of testing in a reliable way the variability between different populations of the same species, which might represent different strains with different biological properties. During numerous samplings in Italy, several strains of S. feltiae were isolated. In this paper we analyze the intraspecific variability of the main morphometric and biological data of juveniles and males of 50 Italian populations of S. feltiae. The aim of our work was to determine if morphometric and biological analysis were useful to identify characters having significant diagnostic value, allowing to reliably discriminate among strains. Seven characters routinely computed for morphology (5 morphometrics for infective juveniles, spicula and gubernaculum shapes for males) and 2 biological performances (time to achieve adult stage, reproduction and progeny) were considered. The results showed extreme variability from both morphological and biological points of view

Published
2020

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