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Although the relationship between emotional working memory (WM) and depressive symptoms has been well established in clinical samples, research in the subclinical population has produced mixed results. The present study tested the effect of WM load on control of interference from emotional (positive, negative, neutral) distractors in dysphoria. Dysphoric (n = 32) and non-dysphoric (n = 35) university students were administered the emotional 2-back (lower WM load) and 3-back (higher WM load) tasks. Results showed that resisting negative distractors was more difficult for the dysphoric group than the non-dysphoric group, but only in the 3-back task. The results demonstrate that dysphoria is associated with greater interference from negative distractors under high WM load. We conclude that both WM load and emotional valence have an effect on WM performance in dysphoria, and the poor ability to resist interference from negative distractors in WM might be a key cognitive vulnerability factor for depression.

The radiative cooling of butterfly wing scales hierarchy has great value in understanding how poikilotherms adapt to the environment and developing bionic materials. However, it remains unclear what the cooling system is like and how the variation of hierarchy affects the cooling efficiency. Therefore, the correlation between the variations of the structure and emissivity of scale hierarchy is thoroughly investigated in Tirumala limniace (Cramer, 1775), whose thermal properties are highly heterogeneous among different wings and regions but similar between males and females. Patterns were deduced from the biological and model simulation experiments. The scale hierarchy varies at the micro- to nanolevel on both surface and section, corresponding to the variating emissivity. Scales on wing veins and margins have large nanostructured units with small lumens and are distinctly thickened, which bring extraordinarily high emissivity. The variations of light and dark scales, respectively, lead to the high emissivity of the middle region of wings and the front wings. Generally, the elevation of the inner surface area and the thickness of the chitin is the key to enhancing the cooling efficiency. For the first time, the effects of the variation of hierarchy toward emissivity of the mid-infrared spectrum are systematically clarified. It is demonstrated that wing scales integrally differentiate in coping with the heterogeneous cooling needs, which may benefit in balancing multifunctions and the development toward the adaptation to the abiotic environment. The study provides insights into the comprehensive thermoregulation system of butterflies and the further development of radiative cooling materials.

Introduction The ability to suppress inappropriate prepotent response and to overcome the interference of irrelevant information are two important components of inhibitory control. Little is known, however, about the relevant contributions in these two components of inhibitory control to depression. The aim of the present study was to assess the prepotent response inhibition and interference control simultaneously in a group of patients diagnosed with major depression disorder (MDD). Methods A clinical group of patients with MDD (n = 41) and a control group of healthy volunteers (n = 39) were recruited and assessed using the stop-signal task and the Flanker task respectively. Results The results showed longer stop-signal reaction time in patients with MDD in the stop-signal task. Regarding the interference control function, the analysis showed the response accuracy under the incongruent condition was significantly lower in patients with MDD than healthy individuals. Conclusions In conclusion, patients with MDD showed impairments both in prepotent response inhibition and interference control. The present findings provide a better understanding of the mechanism of depression-related deficits in inhibition and have great implications for the development of cognitive training programmes to remediate cognitive dysfunction in depression.

Placenta accreta spectrum disorder (PASD) and placenta previa (PP) are two of the most hideous obstetric complications which are usually associated with a history of cesarean section (CS). Moreover, women with PASD, PP and/or a cesarean scarred uterus are more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes, including blood transfusion, hysterectomy, pelvic organs damage, postpartum hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation, multi-organ dysfunction syndrome and even maternal or fetal death. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of precesarean internal iliac artery balloon catheterization (BC) for managing severe hemorrhage caused by PASD and PP with a history of CS. This participant-assigned interventional study was conducted in Tongji Hospital. We recruited 128 women with suspected PASD, PP and a history of CS. Women in the BC group accepted precesarean BC of bilateral internal iliac arteries before the scheduled cesarean delivery. Women in the control group underwent a conventional cesarean delivery. Intraoperative hemorrhage, transfusion volume, radiation dose, exposure time, complications and neonatal outcomes were discussed. There were significant differences in calculated blood loss (CBL) between BC group and control group (1015.0±144.9 vs. 1467.0±171.0 mL, P=0.04). Precesarean BC could reduce intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion as compared with control group (799.5±136.1 vs. 1286.0±161.6 mL, P=0.02) and lessen the rate of using blood products (57.1% vs. 76.4%, P=0.02). The incidence of hysterectomy was also lower in BC group than in control group. Postpartum outcomes showed no significant differences between the two groups, except that postoperation hospitalization was longer in BC group than in control group (6.7±0.4 vs. 5.8±0.2 days, P=0.03). Precesarean BC of internal iliac artery is an effective method for managing severe hemorrhage caused by PASD and PP with a cesarean scarred uterus, as it could reduce intraoperative blood loss, lessen intraoperative RBC transfusions and potentially decrease hysterectomies.

Anti-NY-ESO-1 antibody is observed in a multitude of malignancies. This study was aimed to evaluate the expression of serum anti-NY-ESO-1 antibodies and its prognostic value in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. A total of 103 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were enrolled in the study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the serum level of anti-NY-ESO-1 antibody. Western blotting was performed to assess the NY-ESO-1 expression in tumor and adjacent tissues. The serum NY-ESO-1 antibody was detected in 18.4% of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, a value that was significantly higher than that in patients with chronic Hepatitis B. Serum NY-ESO-1 antibody was positively correlated with tumor differentiation, lymphatic metastasis, cTNM stage and abdominal pain. Finally, there was a higher cumulative survival rate in patients with serum NY-ESO-1 positivity than in those with serum NY-ESO-1 negativity among the patients with stage III + IV. Our data uncovered that NY-ESO-1 antibody might be a helpful tumor marker and prognostic predictor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

To investigate the gene mutations types and the clinical characteristics in 3 patients with hereditary coagulation factor Ⅶ deficiency.The phenotype diagnosis was validated by detecting the coagulation parameters including prothrombin time (PT)，activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), FⅦ activity (FⅦ: C) and specific antigens (FⅦ: Ag) of proband and its family members. All exons, exon-intron boundaries, 5＇ untranslated regions and 3＇ untranslated regions of F7 gene were amplified with PCR. Potential mutations were detected by direct sequencing of purified PCR products. Suspected mutations were confirmed by sequencing of the opposite strand.A total of 5 different mutations were identified in 3 patients with hereditary coagulation factor Ⅶ deficiency and family members, including 4 misssense mutations and 1 splice site mutation. Out of 3 cases of hereditary coagulation factor Ⅶ deficiency 2 had double heterozygous mutation, I had homozygous mutations. Patient 1 had p.His408Gln with p.Arg413Gln double heterozygous mutations, her sister had p.His408Gln with p.Arg413Gln double heterozygous mutations, another one had p.His408Gln mono-heterozygous mutation, their correspo FⅦ: C were 5%, 3%, 75%. Patient 2 had p.Arg364Gln with p.His408Gln double heterozygous mutations, her brother had p.Arg364Gln with IVS6-1G＞A double heterozygous mutations, their corresponding FⅦ: C were 2.0%, 2.0%. Patient 3 had p.Arg337Cys homozygous mutation, FⅦ: C was 3.0%.A total of 5 different mutations were identified in 3 patients with hereditary coagulation factor Ⅶ deficiency, the p.His408Gln is a common mutation, the FⅦ: C and FⅦ: Ag have no correlation with clinical phenotypes.遗传性凝血因子Ⅶ缺陷症患者的基因诊断与表型分析.探讨3例遗传性凝血因子Ⅶ缺陷症患者的基因突变类型及其临床特征.检测先证者及其家系成员凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、凝血酶时间（TT）、FⅦ活性（FⅦ: C）及FⅦ抗原（FⅦ: Ag）等进行表型诊断；用DNA直接测序法分析先证者F7基因的全部外显子、侧翼、5＇和3＇非翻译区及家系成员相应的突变位点区域，用反向测序证实所发生的突变.在3例患者及其家系成员中发现5种基因突变，包括4种错义突变和1种剪切位点突变。在3例遗传性FⅦ缺陷症患者中有2例为双杂合突变、1例为纯合突变。患者1为p.His408Gln和p.Arg413Gln双杂合突变，其家系成员中有一位为p.His408Gln和p.Arg413Gln双杂合突变，1例为His408Gln突变的杂合子，其相应FⅦ: C分别为5.0%、3.0%和75.0%。；患者2为p.Arg364Gln和p.His408Gln双杂合突变，其家系成员为p.Arg364Gln和IVS6-1G＞A双杂合突变，其相应FⅦ: C分别为2.0%、2.0%；患者3为p.Arg337Cys纯合突变， FⅦ: C为3％.在3例遗传性FⅦ缺陷症患者及其家系成员中发现5种基因突变，其中p.His408Gln突变较为常见，而临床表现及出血程度与FⅦ: C及FⅦ: Ag无相关性.

At present, the design and construction of underground powerhouse support are still in the experimental stage. Moreover, before the construction of the underground cavern group, the mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock mass cannot be accurately obtained. During the implementation process, these reasons may cause adjustments to the construction and design plans. To comprehensively evaluate the sensitivity of surrounding rock parameters, we used the multi-indicators, which have certain guiding significance for the accurate acquisition of surrounding rock parameters and the adjustment of empirical support schemes. This study combines the initial geological conditions of the underground powerhouse caverns of the hydropower station and the support scheme. We selected the key position deformation of the lining and the cable stress as the evaluation indicators. The elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, friction angle, and cohesion are the influencing factors for the comprehensive evaluation of sensitivity. The results show that the elastic modulus is a highly sensitive parameter for the empirical support scheme, the friction angle is a middling sensitive parameter, and the Poisson’s ratio is a low-sensitivity parameter. Moreover, it is reported that sensitivity is related to the selection of indicators.

Excessive constriction of placental chorionic plate arteries (CPAs) may be associated with preeclampsia (PE). Nitric oxide (NO) as well as intermediate and small CaThe location of IKIKThis study provides evidence that dysregulated IK

AChR-reactive B cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis (MG) by producing autoantibodies. Selective elimination of AChR-reactive B cells will be a promising way to treat MG. Thus, we generated a fusion protein (referred to as AChR-Fc) composed of the human extracellular domain of AChR α1 subunit and the Fc domain of the human IgG1 heavy chain, which could bind both to AChR-reactive BCR and FcγRIIB on the surface of AChR-reactive B cells. Our results showed that AChR-Fc inhibited the proliferation of AChR-specific hybridoma cells, promoted their apoptosis, and mediated cytotoxicity by cross-linking effector cells and complement. Likewise, AChR-Fc significantly reduced the number of AChR-reactive B cells from spleen of Lewis rats immunized with AChR ex vivo.

We performed a meta-analysis of cohort studies to determine whether promoter methylation of the death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) gene contributes to the pathogenesis of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A range of electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE (1966 ∼ 2013), the Cochrane Library Database (Issue 12, 2013), EMBASE (1980 ∼ 2013), CINAHL (1982 ∼ 2013), Web of Science (1945 ∼ 2013), and the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM; 1982 ∼ 2013) without any language restrictions. Meta-analysis was conducted using the STATA 12.0 software. Crude odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) was calculated. Our meta-analysis integrated results from 12 clinical cohort studies that met all inclusion criteria with a total of 1,027 NSCLC patients. We observed that the frequency of DAPK gene methylation in cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in the adjacent normal and benign tissues (cancer tissues vs. benign tissues: OR=8.50, 95 % CI=5.88 ∼ 12.28, P0.001; cancer tissues vs. adjacent tissues: OR=5.95, 95 % CI=4.11 ∼ 8.60, P0.001; cancer tissues vs. normal tissues: OR=4.75, 95 % CI=3.28 ∼ 6.87, P0.001; respectively). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity demonstrated that DAPK gene methylation was closely associated with the development and progression of NSCLC among both Asians and Caucasians (all P0.05). Furthermore, we conducted a subgroup analysis based on sample source and discovered that DAPK gene methylation was implicated in the pathogenesis of NSCLC in both blood and tissue subgroups (all P0.05). Our results suggest that DAPK promoter methylation may be involved in NSCLC carcinogenesis. Thus, the detection of aberrant DAPK methylation may be helpful in the diagnosis and prognosis of NSCLC.

To explore the protective role of osthole in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice and examine its underlying mechanism.A murine model of intestinal I/R injury was established with clamping of superior mesenteric artery for 120 min and then clamping was relieved for 60 min. Forty-five SD male mice weighing 27-31 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 15 each): sham group (S), I/R injury group (I/R) and I/R plus osthole treatment group (Ost+). Intestinal wet/dry weight ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were examined by colorimetric assay and diamine oxidase (DAO) was examined by automatic biochemical analyzer, the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-2 were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Intestinal barrier permeability was detected by Evans blue (EB) test. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze all experimental data variance.Intestinal tissues wet/dry weight ratios, Evans blue content and Chiu's score of I/R group mice were significantly higher than those of S and Ost+ groups (0.80% ± 0.03% vs 0.77% ± 0.02%0.78% ± 0.02%, (0.11 ± 0.04) vs (0.05 ± 0.02)(0.06 ± 0.02) µg/mg, 3.42 ± 0.73 vs 0.87 ± 0.352.63 ± 0.58, P0.05 or P0.01) . Serum level of DAO, MDA, IL-1βTNF-α of I/R group mice were significantly higher than those of S and Ost+ groups ( (18.9 ± 4.0) vs (14.5 ± 2.3)(16.0 ± 2.6) U/L, (8.4 ± 1.2) vs (6.9 ± 1.7)(6.1 ± 2.4) µmol/L, (93 ± 6) vs (51 ± 4)(67 ± 5) ng/L, (467 ± 31) vs (235 ± 21)(323 ± 30) ng/L, P0.01 or P0.05) . Serum SOD activity and IL-2 level were significantly lower than those of S and Ost+ groups ( (75 ± 7) vs (93 ± 16)(89 ± 5) U/ml, (95 ± 16) vs (198 ± 14)(139 ± 11) ng/L, all P0.05) . All parameters showed no significant difference between S and Ost+ groups (all P0.05).Treatment of osthole may protect murine intestinal tissue against intestinal I/R injury. And the mechanisms may be due to its actions of preventing oxygen stress and inflammatory responses.

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling was used to characterize the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects in rats of Rhein, a major component in rhubarb. Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly into four groups, of 6 each. The rats in first group were injected intravenously with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 microg x kg(-1)). The second group rats were given rhubarb decoction (RD, 1.54 g x kg(-1)) by oral administration alone. The rats belonging to third group were administered orally RD 30 min after LPS injection. The rest rats were given normal saline only as control group. Orbital sinus blood sampling was collected at different time points. The Rhein and NO concentration in plasma and body temperature (BT) were measured. Relevant data of PK-PD modeling were performed with Kinetica 5. 0. 11. RD could suppress the rise in BT and plasma NO concentration. The antipyretic and anti-inflammatory responses were best described by a Sigmod-E(max) model. Delay between exposure and response was accounted for by a transit compartment model with two parallel transit compartment chains. The results showed that some parameters such as t1/2, C(max) and AUC were significantly increased in rats treated with LPS, compared to those in rats treated with normal saline. The EC50 for antipyretic effect and decrease of plasma NO concentration was respectively equal to 114.1, 90.80 microg x L(-1). The E(max) for antipyretic effect was about 111% of that for increase in BT after LPS injection. The E(max) for anti-inflammatory action was close to 8.399% of that for elevated NO level after modeling. Meanwhile, there was a difference in pharmacokinetic process of Rhein between the impact of normal saline and LPS. So, it can be concluded that the targets of regulating NO production and BT after RD administration may be at the same location. Not only do that, the antipyretic effect induced by RD maybe completely manifest through reducing the plasma concentration of NO.

To construct the eukaryotic fusion expression vectors and localization of (lipid storage droplet protein 5, LSDP5) in COS7 cells.Eukaryotic expression plasmid pCMV5-HA was digested with Nde I and BamH I and pMD18-LSDP5 plasmid was digested with Bgl II and Nde I. Full length LSDP5 was subcloned into pCMV5-HA. After confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion analysis and sequencing, the plasmid pCMV5-HA-LSDP5 was transfected into COS7 cells using Lipofectamine 2000 and the expression and localization of the fusion protein was detected by fluorescent microscope.Restriction digestions and sequencing assays showed that the recombinant plasmid of pCMV5-HA-LSDP5 was successfully constructed and the fusion proteins were detected in cytoplasm and were targeted to the surfaces of lipid droplets visualized by Bodipy 493/503 in COS7 cells.The recombined plasmid pCMV5-HA-LSDP5 expressing the fusion protein of LSDP5 and HA-tagged is successfully constructed and the fusion protein distributes in cytoplasm and is co-localized with lipid droplets.

To clone the Lipid storage droplet protein 5 (LSDP5) and express it in E.coli.LSDP5 gene was amplified by PCR from the mouse liver cDNA library, and inserted into pMD18-T vector and sequenced. After analysis of hydrophobicity and secondary structure using software, a fragment of LSDP5 was subcloned into GST fusion expression vector, and the recombinant expression plasmid pEGX-LSDP5 was constructed and expressed in E.coli BL21.LSDP5 gene was obtained and its sequence was identical with that reported in GenBank. The E.coli containing pEGX-LSDP5 could express a 40 kD protein after induction of IPTG.A confirmed LSDP5 gene is cloned and expressed in E.coli successfully, which lay the foundation for the related research of this gene.