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Biological ion channels play an important role in living processes, such as maintaining osmotic pressure, signal transduction, and transmitting nerve impulses, and can selectively regulate the transmembrane transport of substances. Inspired by the structure and function of biological ion channels, researchers have prepared a variety of biomimetic nanochannels using advanced nanofabrication techniques to study the mechanism of ion transport in the nanoconfined space. In this study, we mainly introduce the current materials and preparation methods of nanochannels; compare the advantages and disadvantages of the current mainstream theoretical models and simulation software; clarify the influence of confinement effect and surface interface effect on the hydrogen bond structure characteristics and phase transition behavior of confined water in graphene nanochannels, revealing the driving effect of separation pressure in nanochannels on water transport, the micromechanical nature of the water flow boundary slip of nanochannels, and the dominant micromechanical mechanism behind the confined mass transfer phenomenon of nanochannels at different scales; and expound the regulation of nanomaterials based on ionic bond modification and the influence of ion transport properties in industrial desalination, energy enrichment, and detection. The future applications of nanochannel bionic design and regulation, ion-exchange filtration membranes, and ultra-high-speed water transport mechanisms are prospected.

The extreme working conditions in coal mining, petrochemical industries, and other related fields have imposed higher demands on the wear resistance of materials used for critical components in mechanical equipment. This study prepared a hybrid-particles reinforced metal matrix composite (MMC)that combines large-size zirconia-toughened alumina particles (ZTAp)as load-bearing elements with small-size tungsten carbide particles (WCp)for reinforcement. Specifically, we probe into the composites' structure, focusing particularly on the effects of media, erosion angle, ZTAp size, and WCp content on their erosion-wear resistance and the underlying mechanisms. The results indicate that the addition of appropriate amounts of ZTAp and WCp significantly enhances the composites' erosion-wear resistance. Within a fixed volume fraction of ZTAp, larger particle sizes are associated with better erosion-wear resistance. The primary failure mechanisms observed are brittle spalling and fatigue fracture. Through second-phase reinforcement, solid solution strengthening, and precipitation strengthening, the WC particles enhance the hardness and wear resistance of the matrix, suppressing the interactive effects of corrosion and wear in acidic media. The primary failure mechanism during erosion is brittle fracture and spalling.

In this paper, an intra-cavity SPR sensor based on erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser is proposed to achieve higher sensitivity for detecting analyte refractive indices. A liquid-core fiber-based SPR sensor is first designed to match the operating wavelength of 1530 nm in the fiber laser intra-cavity, and then placed into the cavity of the EDF laser to constitute the all-fiber intra-cavity SPR sensor. We theoretical investigate the influence of pump power, cavity loss and EDF length on the sensitivity of the proposed intra-cavity SPR sensor. The results indicate that the sensitivity of the intra-cavity SPR sensor can reach 1.051 × 109 RIU−1 (refractive index unit), which is enhanced 4 × 106 times compared with the sensitivity of 253 RIU−1 obtained by the SPR sensor without fiber laser cavity. In addition, the sensitivity of the proposed intra-cavity SPR sensor can be flexibly tuned by changing pump power, cavity loss or EDF length. This work demonstrates that as an alternative approach, the combination of the fiber laser intra-cavity spectroscopy and the fiber-based SPR sensor can achieve a remarkable enhancement in sensitivity.

Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) plays a vital role in quantifying the carbon exchange between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems. Understanding the effects of dominant driving forces and their respective contribution rates on NEP can aid in the effective management of terrestrial carbon sinks, especially in rapidly urbanizing coastal areas where climate change (CC) and human activities (HA) occur frequently. Combining MODIS NPP products and meteorological data from 2000 to 2020, this paper established a Modis NPP-Soil heterotrophic respiration (Rh) model to estimate the magnitude of NEP in China’s coastal zone (CCZ). Hotspot analysis, variation trend, partial correlation, and residual analysis were applied to explore the spatiotemporal patterns of NEP and the contributions of CC and HA to the dynamics of NEP. We also explored the changes in NEP in different land use types. It was found that there is a clear north–south difference in the spatial pattern of NEP in CCZ, with Zhejiang Province serving as the main watershed for this difference. In addition, NEP in most regions showed an improvement trend, especially in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region and Shandong Province, but the pixel values of NEP here were generally not as high as that in most southern provinces. According to the types of driving forces, the improvement of NEP in these regions primarily results from the synergistic effects of CC and HA. NEP changes in provinces south of Zhejiang are mainly dominated by single-factor-driven degradation. The area where HA contributes to the increase in NEP is much larger than that of CC. From the perspective of land use types, forests and farmland are the dominant contributors to the magnitude of NEP in CCZ.

The corrosion failure of steel is one of the key problems to shorten the service life of power facilities in some strong corrosive environments， such as marine and chemical plants.To address this problem， the proposition of substituting steel in power transmission and transformation equipment with high-strength 7xxx series aluminum alloys was introduced.Accelerated indoor simulation tests were conducted， using a 5%NaCl salt spray corrosion environment to emulate marine atmospheric conditions.A comparative analysis was performed on the mechanical property degradation and change law of surface corrosion morphology of Q345 steel for substation facilities and 7075 aluminum alloy after varying corrosion durations (7，21，42 d) by integrating tensile tests and microscopic structural observations.Further， employing corrosion weight loss methods and computer simulation techniques， the mechanical properties of the two materials under identical corrosion conditions and loads were comparatively studied.Results indicated that the mechanical properties of both materials tended to decline with the extension of salt spray corrosion time under 5%NaCl salt spray corrosion environment， moreover， the highest tensile strength attenuation rate of Q345 steel (24.58%) was 8 times that of 7075 aluminum alloy (3.00%).Both materials displayed a corrosion rate trend that initially increased and then decreased， with the average corrosion rate of Q345 steel [0.03 g/(m2·d)] being approximately 15 times that of the 7075 aluminum alloy [0.002 g/(m2·d)].At the same corrosion cycle， the corrosion pits in Q345 steel were larger and deeper than those in the 7075 aluminum alloy， resulting in a significantly higher degree of stress concentration caused by corrosion pits in Q345 steel under the same external load compared to 7075 aluminum alloy.Consequently， in theory，7075 aluminum alloy could replace Q345 steel as the base material for power facility components.

the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization goals and the wave of intelligent coal mine construction, China’s coal machinery industry will transform and upgrade toward intelligence, green, safety, and efficiency. Opportunities and challenges coexist in the coal machinery market, and development of intelligent technologies and machinery for coal mining has become an urgent demand. This study is based on the development reality in China that intelligent coal mining is still in its early stage and sorts out the current status and trends of intelligent technologies and machinery for coal mining. Moreover, it analyzes the key technology system of intelligent coal machinery, covering intelligent coalmine equipment support, intelligent fully mechanized mining and caving, intelligent rapid excavation, intelligent perception and control of main/auxiliary transportation systems, and coalmine robot technologies. Moreover, development directions are proposed, including key basic materials and advanced processing techniques, flexible manufacturing and virtual simulation, equipment remanufacturing, deep fusion of 5G with industrial Internet, industrial big data and artificial intelligence, intelligent perception and interconnection by the Internet of Things, and cyber-physical and digital twin systems. Furthermore, we suggest to strengthen breakthroughs in intelligent technologies and machinery for coal mining, improve the talent support system, emphasize both plan guidance and industrial layout optimization, and establish an innovative ecosystem for coal machinery research and manufacture, thereby promoting the high-quality development of coal machinery.

In light of international climate agreements and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), there is a growing need to enhance the understanding of the linkages among land use/cover change (LUCC) and its carbon effects (CEs), as well as human well-being (HW). While existing studies have primarily focused on the impacts of LUCC on CEs or ecosystem services, there remains a gap in systematically elucidating the complex relationships among LUCC, CEs, and HW. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the nexus between land-based CEs and HW, examining: (1) the correlation between LUCC and CEs, encompassing methodologies for investigating LUCC CEs; (2) the association between CEs and HW, introducing the concept of “low-carbon human well-being” and evaluation framework; and (3) the proposed framework of “LUCC-CEs-HW,” which delves into the intricate connections among three elements. The study identifies research gaps and outlines potential future directions, including assessments of LUCC CEs and low-carbon HW, exploration of the “LUCC-CEs-HW” nexus, and the development of standardized measurement approaches. Key opportunities for further investigation include establishing a unified evaluation index system and developing scalable methods. This paper elucidates the relationships among LUCC, CEs, and HW, offering insights for future works.

To facilitate the sensor fabrication and sensing operation in microstructured optical fiber-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors for high refractive index (RI) detection, we propose a special hollow fiber-based SPR sensor that comprises an opening on its body side and a thin gold layer coated on its outer surface. The analyte is able to flow into the hollow core through the side-opening to form new fiber core, with the Gaussian-like mode propagating in it. We investigate the sensing performance of the proposed sensor in a higher RI range of 1.48 to 1.54 at two feasible schemes: one is to only fill the fiber core with analyte (Scheme A), and the other is to directly immerse the sensor in the analyte (Scheme B). The results demonstrate that our sensor exhibits higher wavelength sensitivity at Scheme A with a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 12,320 nm/RIU, while a greater amplitude sensitivity was found at Scheme B with a maximum amplitude sensitivity of 1146 RIU−1. Our proposed sensor features the advantages of simple fabrication, flexible operation, easy analyte filling and replacing, enhanced real-time detection capabilities, high RI detection, and very high wavelength sensitivity and amplitude sensitivity, which makes it more competitive in SPR sensing applications.

USRP (ultrasonic surface rolling processing) was used to change the surface layer of 6061 aluminum alloy, so as to realize the change of the second phase microstructure of 6061 aluminum alloy by USRP under different static pressure conditions to improve corrosion resistant, which was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, laser confocal microscopy, scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy, etc. Based on the principle of microzone galvanic corrosion and considering the impedance of solution and oxide, the correlation law between the size of the second phase and the development of local corrosion was obtained. The effect of the size of the second phase on the development of local corrosion was verified by in-situ observation using laser confocal microscope. The results show that the initial self-corrosion current density of aluminum alloy in 3.5%(mass fraction) NaCl solution is only 1/15 of that of the untreated sample, the corrosion rate is reduced by 93.04%, when the surface layer is rolled with 0.10 MPa static pressure. The Mg2Si phase has no significant morphology change during the rolling process, and it has no significant effect on the corrosion performance before and after USRP. The AlFeSi phases with long strip continuous distribution are refined into micro- and nano-scale dispersion distributions under the action of USRP. The fully refined AlFeSi phase weakens the galvanic corrosion effect due to the reduction of the local anode/cathode area ratio of the corrosion microcell, which promotes the metastable pitting nucleation rate of the aluminum alloy matrix, but also cause the rapid dissolution of the aluminum alloy itself. When self-dissolution occurs or Al2O3 oxide film is formed in the inner wall of metastable corrosion hole, the electrochemical corrosion effect of AlFeSi relative to aluminum alloy matrix is greatly weakened, so as to improve the corrosion resistance of 6061 aluminum alloy as a whole.

With the development of industrial IoT and the arrival of smart manufacturing, the field of edge computing has gained more and more attention. However, traditional industrial computing scenarios relying on industrial clouds make data latency a greater challenge. In this paper, for the contradiction between edge devices and task resource allocation encountered in edge computing scenarios in smart manufacturing, we propose an industrial internet task scheduling model for smart manufacturing and introduce a scheduling node state matrix to realize the state management of each scheduling subtask. Aiming at the problem of multiple tasks seizing resources in a complex, intelligent manufacturing environment, the study combines the caching mechanism to realize the task offloading computational processing of order scheduling, in which the caching mechanism is used to solve the problem of computational resource limitations at the edge. It is found through simulation that when the computational task factor ξk =2 is larger, more offloading power is allowed to be transmitted to the edge ser ver for computation. For computational tasks with smaller task factor ξk, the device tends to allocate more computational rate to that computational task. Eventually the data queue length will be continuously reduced and the data queue is concentrated in the interval of very small values, this result verifies that the task scheduling algorithm is able to perform task scheduling efficiently and reduce the latency.

In this paper, we first mine the interconnections between data in large-scale datasets through association rule models in machine learning and then perform T -time K-Means clustering on the mined datasets to realize large-scale data integration. On this basis, a classification prediction model based on an enhanced ChebNet model is proposed, which combines the efficient feature extraction capability of graph convolutional neural network and the accurate prediction advantage of big data analysis to effectively realize the processing of large-scale data sets. Taking the tobacco production monitoring data as an example, the model performs well in predicting the correlation of cigarette sensory indexes, especially when the sliding window size is 30 and the prediction jump step is 1. The model performance reaches the optimal, which provides strong support for the quality control of cigarette production, and is capable of processing large-scale datasets of tobacco production.

Introduction: It is of great significance to strengthen the evaluation research and driving force analysis of ecosystem services value for the rational utilization and protection of the ecological environment of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan (CZT) urban agglomeration and the promotion of the integration of urban agglomeration.Methods: Based on the remote sensing image data, the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the ecosystem services value of CZT urban agglomeration were analyzed by the methods of ArcGIS10.2, Geoda, value equivalent and spatial statistics.Results: The results showed that: 1) From 2000 to 2020, the total value of ecosystem service in the CZT urban agglomeration decreased gradually, with an overall decrease of 4,381.07 × 106 yuan. In the past 20 years, the ecosystem service Value (ESV) of cultivated land, forest land and grassland had declined, but the ESV of water area and unused land had fluctuated, and the single ESV had declined. 2) From 2000 to 2020, the spatial distribution of ESV in the CZT urban agglomeration showed an obvious pattern of “low in the middle and high in the surrounding areas”, and the changes were quite different in different periods. 3) The spatial correlation between ESV and distance from county government, distance from railway, proportion of construction land, NDVI, population density, economic density, slope and precipitation were significant. The spatial distribution of the distance from the county government, the distance from the railway, NDVI and ESV were similar; the population density and economic density were consistent with the spatial distribution of ESV; and the spatial distribution of construction land proportion, slope, precipitation and ESV were different.Discussion: The results of the study can provide some reference for the further development of ecological protection policies and related planning in urban agglomerations.

In this article, gradient-distributed VCp-ZTAp/Fe45 composites were prepared by vacuum sintering, and three-body abrasive wear experiments were carried out to investigate its anti-wear performance. The composite casting of VCp-ZTAp/Fe45 was investigated by using the finite element method and experiments, and the bonding between the Fe45 substrate and 35SiMnCrMoNi steel was fully investigated. Results show the in situ formation of VCp in the VCp-ZTAp/Fe45 composite matrix during vacuum sintering. The anti-wear property of the VCp-ZTAp/Fe45 composite is ca. 7 times that of Hardox450 and NM450 and ca. 8 times of 30SiMn. There forms a solid metallurgical bonding between the Fe45 matrix of VCp-ZTAp/Fe45 and 35SiMnCrMoNi steel, with a ca. 80 μm thickness of the bonding area during the composite casting.

Abstract Objective Whether cycle number influences the subsequent pathological or surgical outcomes remained unclear. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and surgical safety of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy‐based treatment in the real‐world setting. Methods Clinical data of patients who received neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for non‐small‐cell lung cancer between 2018 and 2021 were collected. Oncological outcomes such as objective response rate (ORR), major pathological response (MPR), and pathological complete response (pCR), and surgical outcomes including operating time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage, and hospital stay were analyzed. Results In total, 176 patients were included, among whom 102 cases were lung squamous carcinoma (LUSQ). After immunochemotherapy, 98 (56%) of patients achieved ORR. Notably, the ORR (63% vs. 46%, p = 0.039) and pCR (45% vs. 27%, p = 0.022) were significantly higher in patients with LUSQ. For patients who received two, three, four, and five or more cycles, the ORRs were 52%, 67%, 53%, and 50% (p = 0.36). In post hoc analysis, cycle numbers showed no significant association with MPR or pCR (p = 0.14 and p = 0.073). Treatment cycles showed no influence on operating time, postoperative drainage, and hospital stay (p = 0.79, 0.37, and 0.22). Notably, the blood loss index of patients who received more than four cycles was higher than those receiving four or fewer cycles (mean blood loss: two or fewer cycles 153.1, three cycles 113.8, four cycles 137.6, and five or more cycles 293.3, respectively). Conclusions This study indicated that cycles of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy had no significant effect on the feasibility and safety of surgery. Although not statistically significant, patients who received five or more cycles of treatment experienced higher intraoperative blood loss.

In the realm of Ceph distributed storage systems, ensuring swift and symmetrical data recovery during severe data corruption scenarios is pivotal for data reliability and system stability. This paper introduces an innovative FPGA-based Multi-Dimensional Elastic Recovery Acceleration method, termed AMDER-Ceph. Utilizing FPGA technology, this method is a pioneer in accelerating erasure code data recovery within such systems symmetrically. By harnessing the parallel computing power of FPGAs and optimizing Cauchy matrix binary operations, AMDER-Ceph significantly enhances data recovery speed and efficiency symmetrically. Our evaluations in real-world Ceph environments show that AMDER-Ceph achieves up to 4.84 times faster performance compared with traditional methods, especially evident in the standard 4 MB block size configurations of Ceph systems.

At present, roadway surrounding rock control is still one of the major problems in deep mining of coal resources. The formation and development of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock is the main cause of large deformation and failure of roadway. In this paper, the formation and development of plastic zone and its influence on the stability of roadway are studied by numerical simulation. Through theoretical analysis and laboratory experiments, the mechanism of bolt support is studied and the internal relationship between support and surrounding rock deformation is expounded. Based on butterfly failure theory, the control principle of surrounding rock in deep roadway is discussed, and the control technology of surrounding rock in deep roadway is put forward and applied in engineering. The results show that: ① Bolt support can effectively reduce the deformation of surrounding rock, but cannot control the deformation of roadway. Under the existing support level, there is some uncontrollable deformation of surrounding rock in roadway, namely ‘given deformation’. And the ‘given deformation’ increases with the increase of roadway buried depth. ② The control effect of bolt support for roadway surrounding rock dilatancy, slip and other non-continuous deformation is obvious, but for the continuous deformation of intact rock is very limited. Therefore, bolt support mainly controls the total deformation of roadway by controlling the discontinuous deformation of rock mass in plastic zone of roadway. ③ The total deformation of roadway mainly includes ‘given deformation’ and ‘residual deformation after supporting’. The main way of roadway surrounding rock control is to reduce ‘ residual deformation after supporting’. ④ The mechanism of bolt support requires that the anchor foundation must always be located in the complete rock mass. Therefore, the shape of plastic zone after roadway excavation and the development law of plastic zone in the service period are very important for the design of bolt support. The difference of roadway plastic zone shape and its mechanical response determines that the roadway support must be designed differently.

The work has immobilized N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dioctyldiglcolamide(DMDODGA) on the porous adsorption resin P120 by using vacuum immobilization and infusion technology to synthesize a new supramolecular recognition material DMDODGA/P120. Then, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), elemental analysis(C, H, N, O) were used to characterize the material. The results show that most of DMDODGA are successfully loaded into the pores of P120, and the load is about 53.1 g DMDODGA per 100 g P120. The structure of the carrier(P120) was not destroyed. Through static adsorption experiments, the effects of contaction time, initial concentration of Sr2+, the concentration of HNO3, solid-to-liquid ratio between adsorbent material and liquid and temperature on the adsorption performance of DMDODGA/P120 have been studied. And its kinetic curve and adsorption isotherm have been analyzed. Besides, the desorption process and radiation stability of DMDODGA/P120 have been studied. And the penetration curve of DMDODGA/P120 has been studied through dynamic adsorption experiments. The results show that the adsorption equilibrium time of DMDODGA/P120 is about 10 min, and the adsorption process conforms to the quasi-second-order kinetic equation, indicating that the process is chemical adsorption. The adsorption process of Sr2+ is a single-layer chemical adsorption that occurs on the surface of the adsorbent. The adsorption performance of DMDODGA/P120 increases first and then decreases with the increase of acidity. The adsorption process is exothermic. The solid-to-liquid ratio between the adsorbent material and the liquid during the adsorption process can be controlled at about 20 g/L. DMDODGA/P120 has a good radiation resistance. It won’t be a greater degree of radiolysis until the radiation dose reaches 106 Gy. The dynamic adsorption result of DMDODGA/P120 shows that the exchange column is broken down in 5-6 column volumes, and the total removal rate of Sr2+ is about 52.53%.

Due to the harsh underground environment, underground coal transportation equipment made of traditional steel materials has a relatively low service life. Through electrochemical test, scanning electron microscope observation, energy spectrum analysis and other tests, the law of corrosion resistance, microstructure and element distribution of ZTAp reinforced iron matrix composites prepared by powder metallurgy is explored, the corrosion resistance mechanism of ZTAp-Fe material is revealed. The results show that ZTAp and the iron matrix are in good bonding state in the ZTAp-Fe materials, and the interface is non-metallurgical bonding. With the introduction of 20 % ZTAp in the iron matrix alloy, the corrosion rate decreased from 0.909 28 mm/a to 0.365 14 mm/a, and the resistance of charge transfer (Rct)increases from 775.6 Ω·cm2 to 1025.3 Ω·cm2. The corrosion resistance of ZTAp is better than that of iron matrix. The formation of corrosion products at the interface effectively inhibits the corrosive medium from further corroding the interface between ZTAp and the iron matrix. ZTAp reinforced iron matrix composites can effectively increase the service life of coal transportation equipment.

Astrocytes are morphologically intricate cells and actively modulate the function of the brain. Through numerous fine processes, astrocytes come into contact with neurons, blood vessels, and other glia cells. Emerging evidence has shown that astrocytes exhibit brain regional diversity in their morphology, transcriptome, calcium signaling, and functions. However, little is known about the brain regional heterogeneity of astrocyte–astrocyte structural interaction. So far, the visualization and characterization of the morphological features of adjacent astrocytes have been difficult, and as a result, it is still well-accepted that astrocytes in the adult brain share non-overlapped territory. In contrast, employing an approach that combines viral labeling with dual-fluorescent dyes iontophoresis under brightfield and imaging using confocal microscopy allows for the efficient and specific labeling of adjacent astrocytes, enabling a comprehensive visualization of their fine processes and the degree of their territorial overlap. Our study in the hypothalamic regions of the brain revealed a marked spatial overlap among adjacent astrocytes, which differs from the conventional understanding based on more extensively studied regions, like the hippocampus. Additionally, we revealed the heterogeneity of the astrocyte–neuron ratio across brain regions and conducted an assessment of the photostability and labeling efficiency of fluorescent dyes used for labeling adjacent astrocytes. Our study provides new insights for studying the morphological heterogeneity of astrocytes across the central nervous system.

To study the internal mechanism of the metal-electric explosion process, it is necessary to obtain internal information regarding the flow field by performing transmission imaging of the electric explosion plasma. In this study, a laser plasma X-ray source is used as the transient X-ray source. Flyer dynamic X-ray imaging technology of laser plasma X-ray sources is realized by designing and developing flyer-driving devices, laser plasma X-ray devices, and timing synchronization modules. This technology has the advantages of producing images having high-brightness and high temporal and spatial resolutions, and it can adapt to the transmission imaging of high-speed micro flyers and their accompanying plasma. The experimental results show that a clear image of a high-speed flyer and the internal state information of the plasma can be obtained by using this technology. The spatial resolution is 8 μm/pixel, and the temporal resolution is 1 ns. This study presents an experimental method for further studies on the evolution process of plasma and flyers.

A microwave plasma generator (MPG) of a sub-millimeter scale might be suitable for biomedical applications. However, there are still many unknowns regarding the MPG discharge behavior at this scale and specific conditions. A two-dimensional MPG model at the millimeter scale and its simulation and relative calculation in the COMSOL Multiphysics software are presented. A MPG filled with argon and helium is simulated, respectively. The frequency of a microwave source of about 5 GHz is considered. The number density and temperature of electrons as well as chemical composition are obtained at different power and pressure conditions. The electron density peaks slightly downstream of the crossing point, and the electron density is slightly asymmetrically in the y-plane due to the fact that the electromagnetic waves are absorbed asymmetrically. The electron temperature is relatively low everywhere, in part, due to the high operating pressure. The electron temperature peaks directly underneath the wave guide where the wave is absorbed. The electron density increases with the increase in the internal pressure and the input power of the MPG, the electron temperature decreases with the increase in the internal pressure of the MPG, but the electron temperature cannot be affected by the input power change of MPG. The amount of excited Ar+ and Ars (metastable atom) increases with the increase in the input power and pressure of MPG, but the amount of excited Ar almost remained unchanged. In addition, the amount of excited He almost remained unchanged, while the amount of excited He+, Hes (metastable atom), and He2+ increased with the increase in the input power and pressure of MPG. The simulation results of this model are thus informative for understanding the physical characteristics of millimeter-sized MPG, and it will provide a solid basis for the future development of such hardware in small plasma capsules for cancer therapy.

p-coumaric acid (p-CA), a common plant phenolic acid with multiple bioactivities, has a lipid-lowering effect. As a dietary polyphenol, its low toxicity, with the advantages of prophylactic and long-term administration, makes it a potential drug for prophylaxis and the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanism by which it regulates lipid metabolism is still unclear. In this study, we studied the effect of p-CA on the down-regulation of accumulated lipids in vivo and in vitro. p-CA increased a number of lipase expressions, including hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) and hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL), as well as the expression of genes related to fatty acid oxidation, including long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1), by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, and γ (PPARα and γ). Furthermore, p-CA promoted adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and enhanced the expression of the mammalian suppressor of Sec4 (MSS4), a critical protein that can inhibit lipid droplet growth. Thus, p-CA can decrease lipid accumulation and inhibit lipid droplet fusion, which are correlated with the enhancement of liver lipases and genes related to fatty acid oxidation as an activator of PPARs. Therefore, p-CA is capable of regulating lipid metabolism and is a potential therapeutic drug or health care product for hyperlipidemia and fatty liver.

Context Dexamethasone (DXM) has an anti-immunoinflammatory effect, and is often used in acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the effects of DXM on albumin (ALB) have not been fully studied. Objective To investigate the effects of DXM on ALB production and renal function. Materials and methods Male Wistar rats were divided into normal and DXM groups (0.25, 0.5, 1 mg/kg for 5 days) (n = 15) for a dose-dependent study. Rats were divided into normal group and DXM groups (0.5 mg/kg for 3, 5, 7 days) (n = 9) for a time-dependent study. In AKI experiment, rats were divided into normal (saline), cisplatin (CP, 5 mg/kg, i.v.), CP + DXM groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg, i.m.) (n = 16). The blood and the organs were isolated for analysis. Results In normal, serum ALB (sALB) and serum total protein (sTP) increased in DXM group with sALB increased 19.8–32.2% (from small to large dosages); and 30.2–32.5.6% (from 3 to 7 days of DXM); sTP 15.7–22.6% and 14.2–24.3%; urine ALB (uALB) 31.5–392.3%, and 1047.2–1390.8%; urine TP (uTP) 0.68–173.1% and 98.0–504.9%, compared with normal groups. DXM increased the mRNA expression of Cebp and Hnf, suppressing podocin. In AKI, DXM decreased serum BUN (53.7%), serum Cre (73.4%), sALB (30.0%), sTP (18.7%), uALB (74.5%), uTP (449.3%), rescuing the suppressed podocin in kidney. Conclusions DXM acts on Cebp and Hnf and promotes ALB production. This finding helps to evaluate the rationale of DXM for kidney injury.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and implementation strategies of project-based teaching in the course of "CNC Technology" based on the cultivation of applied talents. Through project practice, cultivate students’ practical abilities and application skills to improve their overall quality and employment competitiveness. The expected research results can verify the adaptability and effectiveness of the teaching mode based on the cultivation of applied talents in the course of "CNC Technology", and determine the positive impact of project-based teaching on the cultivation of students’ practical ability and application skills. The research will propose design and implementation strategies suitable for project-based teaching in the course of "CNC Technology", providing reference and reference for teachers’ teaching. Through the promotion of research, experience and guidance can be provided for the teaching reform and talent cultivation of related courses.

This study aims to analyze the longitudinal seismic performance of a typical multi-span continuous girder bridge with seat-type abutments under earthquake excitation, especially accounting for different abutment behaviors. Three-dimensional finite element models of typical multi-span bridges are built considering the nonlinearity of the bridge columns, bearings, abutment-backfill interactions, pile-soil interactions, and the pounding at expansion joints. One of the models adopts a simplified bilinear model to express the force-displacement relationship of the abutment backwall. The other adopts a more practical multi-linear model, and the abutment backwall is used as a sacrificial component to control the damage to the abutment’s foundation by changing the strength of the abutment backwall. Comparisons of the results of the analysis of two bridge models with and without a sacrificial backwall indicate that it is more favorable for bridges with a sacrificial backwall to protect the foundation, but it is likely to arouse a larger displacement response of the main beam and even cause the unseating of girders. The recommendation for a sacrificial abutment in seismic design is that the right yield strength of the backwall should be selected to reach the balance point of force and displacement, and a collapse-proof system could be employed to prevent the beam from unseating.

Abstract Cisplatin (CP), an anticancer drug, often causes kidney damage. However, the mechanism of CP‐induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is not completely understood. AKI was induced by intravenous injection (i.v.) of cisplatin at doses of 5, 8, and 10 mg/kg. Anemoside B4 (B4) (20 mg/kg, i.m.) and dexamethasone (DXM) (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) were used for AKI treatment. Biochemical indicators were assessed using an automatic biochemical analyzer, protein expression was analyzed by western blotting, and morphological changes in the kidney were examined by PAS staining. The serum creatinine (Cre) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels did not change significantly in the first 2 days but abruptly increased on the third day after CP injection. The serum albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP) levels decreased in both a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. The urine protein level increased, the clearing rate of Cre decreased distinctly, and morphologic changes appeared in a dose‐dependent manner. The protein expression of p53/caspase‐3, NLRP3, IL‐6, and TNF‐α was obviously upregulated on day 3; concurrently, nephrin and podocin were downregulated. The expression of LC3II and p62 was upregulated significantly as the CP dose increased. B4 and DXM obviously decreased the BUN and Cre levels after 3 or 5 days of treatment. AKI appeared distinctly in a time‐dependent manner at 2 to 5 days after the administration of 5 mg/kg CP and in a dose‐dependent manner upon the administration of 5, 8, and 10 mg/kg CP. The third day was a significant time point for renal deterioration, and treatment with B4 and DXM within the first 3 days provided significant protection against AKI.

With the rapid development of 3D printing technology, 3D printers are manufactured based on the principle of 3D printing technology are more and more widely used in the manufacturing industry. Choosing high quality 3D printers for industrial production is of great significance to the economic growth of enterprises. In fact, it is difficult to select the most optimal 3D printers under a single and simple standard. Therefore, this paper establishes the probabilistic double hierarchy linguistic EDAS (PDHL-EDAS) method for the multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM). Then the CRITIC model is introduced to derive objective weight and the cumulative prospect theory is leaded into obtain the cumulative weight of PDHLTS. In addition, what’s more, the PDHL-EDAS method is built and applied to the choice of high-quality 3D printer. Finally, compared with the available MAGDM methods under PDHLTS, the built method is proved to be scientific and effective. First published online 15 December 2021

Abstract Chronic corticosterone (CORT) stress is an anxiety and depression inducing factor that involves the dysfunction of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neuronal plasticity. However, the regulation of proteomic profiles in neurons suffering CORT stress is remaining elusive. Thus, the proteomic profiles of mouse neuronal C17.2 stem cells were comprehensively investigated by TMT (tandem mass tag)-labeling quantitative proteomics. The quantitative proteomics conjugated gene ontology analysis revealed the inhibitory effect of CORT on the expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins, which can be antagonized by berberine (BBR) treatment. In addition, animal studies showed that changes in mitochondria by CORT can affect neuropsychiatric activities and disturb the physiological functions of neurons via disordering mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, the mitochondrial energy metabolism can be considered as one of the major mechanism underlying CORT-mediated depression. Since CORT is important for depression after traumatic stress disorder, our study will shed light on the prevention and treatment of depression as well as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Abstract Inorganic nanomaterials exhibit superior friction-reduction and anti-wear properties in oils. In this study, 2D layered α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) nanosheets intercalated with different amines have been synthesized to study their dispersion stabilities in lubricating oil and tribological applications. The intercalated amines should be sufficiently long and lipophilic to provide stabilization to α-ZrP nanosheets in mineral oil. The results of tribological tests illustrate that with the addition of well-dispersed nanosheets, the coefficient of friction (COF) and pin volume loss reduce by ~47% and 75%, respectively. The excellent dispersion stability enables the nanosheets to flow into the contact area at the beginning, and thereby protect the rubbing surface. A reduction in the van der Waals forces between the adjacent layers induced by the intercalated amines transforms the friction between adjacent layers from pin disk to sliding, leading to a decrease in the COF under hydrodynamic lubrication. The study provides a new method to enhance the tribological properties via tuning the dispersion stabilities of nanomaterials in oils.

[Objectives] The power supply voltage of ship communication equipment is unstable, so a regulator is required to keep the voltage at 200~230 V.[Methods] An electronic regulated power supply composed of an H-bridge using TRIACs and three compensation transformers has been designed for real-time acquisition of key parameters such as input voltage,output voltage,output current,cold plate temperature,etc. by virtue of Advanced RISC Machines(ARM),so as to achieve intelligent automatic voltage regulation of power supply according to the given tracking and compensation strategy and equipment safety protection measures.[Results] Analysis and experiments show that this electronic regulated power supply can work safely,efficiently and reliably, and can ensure stable and safe power supply of the ship communication equipment.[Conclusions] This provides reference for intelligent and simplified research of the regulated power supply.

[Objectives] This paper aims to implement the multiple digital signal processing of ship energy management systems. It achieves the real-time acquisition and delivery of instructions and state signals for multiple power stations,thereby enabling the efficient and sequential control of the relays, indicator lamps and energy chains of power stations.[Methods] Based on the STM32F407 microcontroller,a double-isolation system is designed for the I2C bus,the topology constructed via the Advanced RISC Machine(ARM),I2C bus and I/O expander chip,and the I2C bus timing imitated by two general purpose I/O ports. This not only easily extends the 128 I/O port but ensures the effectiveness and real time property of the I2C bus.[Results] This ARM controller can reliably control all the I/O ports of the underlying controllers in real time according to the established energy management strategy.[Conclusions] This results of this research can be applied to other I/O port expansion engineering practices,giving it high application and promotion value.