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Einleitung: Kinder und Jugendliche weltweit leiden unter verschiedenen chronischen Erkrankungen, die sich auf ihre körperliche und psychische Entwicklung auswirken können. 20% der jungen Menschen im schulischen Setting geben an, eine chronische Erkrankung oder Behinderung zu haben. Chronische Erkrankungen wie Asthma, Diabetes Mellitus und Neurodermitis beeinträchtigen oft die schulische Leistungsfähigkeit und Inklusion in das Regelschulsystem. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen Überblick über den Tätigkeitsbereich der School Nurse zu schaffen und ihre Rolle in Bezug auf die pflegerischen Tätigkeiten, bei chronisch kranken Kindern und Jugendlichen, aufzuzeigen. Methodik: Um das Ziel dieser Studie zu erreichen wurde eine Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken „Academic Search Elite“, „CINAHL“ und „MEDLINE“ durchgeführt. Um die Suchergebnisse einzugrenzen wurden die Bool‘schen Operatoren „not“, „or“ und „and“ verwendet. Neben Studien, wurden außerdem Gesetze, Leitlinien, Standard operating procedures [SPOs] und Curricula mit eingeschlossen. Nach einer kritischen Beurteilung mit dem Bewertungstool von Brandenburg, Panfil, Mayer und Schrems (2018), wurden 20 Studien zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage analysiert und vierzehn in diese Arbeit mit eingeschlossen. Ergebnisse: Neben der Versorgung und Betreuung der chronisch kranken Kinder und Jugendlichen weist die School Nurse weitere Rollen auf. Förderung der Kompetenzen, Schulung des sozialen Umfeldes und das agieren als Safe-Person werden als auschlaggebende Rollen der School Nurse erfasst. Darüber hinaus wird die Wichtigkeit der eigenen Kompetenzentwicklung der Gesundheitsfachkraft verdeutlicht. Schlussfolgerung: Die Bedeutung der School Nurse in Österreich wird aufgrund der steigenden Zahl chronisch kranker Kinder und Jugendlicher, zukünftig steigen und der Einsatz von Nöten sein. Weiterbildungen nach der Ausbildung zur Advanced practice Nurse bzw. School Nurse werden unabdingbar sein, um auf die Bedürfnisse der Betroffenen einzugehen. Introduction: Around the globe, numerous chronic illnesses impact the physical and mental development of children and adolescents. Approximately 20% of all students in Austria report having a chronic illness or disability. Chronic illnesses such as asthma, diabetes and neurodermatitis often impair academic performance and inclusion in the regular school system. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the school nurse's scope of practice and to highlight their role in relation to nursing activities for chronically ill children and adolescents. Methodology: In order to achieve the aim of this study, a literature search was carried out in the databases "Academic Search Elite", "CINAHL" and "MEDLINE". The Boolean operators "not", "or" and "and" were used to limit the search results. In addition to studies, laws, guidelines, standard operating procedures [SOPs], and curricula were also included. After a critical evaluation using the Brandenburg, Panfil, Mayer and Schrems (2018) evaluation tool, 20 studies were analyzed to answer the research question, and fourteen were included in this paper. Results: In addition to caring for chronically ill children and adolescents, the school nurse has other roles. Promotion of competencies, training of the social environment, and acting as a safe person are identified as decisive roles of the school nurse. In addition, the importance of the health professional's own competency development is emphasized. Conclusion: The importance of the school nurse in Austria will increase in the future due to the increasing number of chronically ill children and adolescents and their use will be necessary. Further training after completing the advanced practice nurse or school nurse course, will be essential to respond to the needs of the young people. more...

Einleitung: Bei der Familiengesundheit handelt es sich um einen komplexen sowie dynamischen Zustand. Zur Förderung dieser entwickelte die Weltgesundheitsorganisation das Konzept der „Family Health Nurse (FHN)“. Die Implementierung der FHN stellt eine Lösungsstrategie dar, um Familien bei der Betreuung von pflegebedürftigen Angehörigen zu unterstützen. Ihre Kompetenzen liegen darin die Familie als Einheit wahrzunehmen und Beziehungen der Familie zur Umwelt zu berücksichtigten. Ziel der Arbeit: Der Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt auf den Einsatzmöglichkeiten der FHN in Europa sowie deren Effektivität. Zudem sollen familienzentrierte Maßnahmen, die zur Gesundheitsförderung von Individuen und deren Angehörigen beitragen, angeführt werden. Methodik: Zur Beantwortung der Fragestellungen wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche im Zeitraum von Dezember 2020 bis Februar 2021 durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden elektronische Datenbanken wie Cochrane Library, PubMed und EBSCO-Host sowie die Suchmaschine LIVIVO verwendet. Zudem erfolgte eine Onlinesuche in der Bibliothek der Fachhochschule Campus Wien. Mit Hilfe von Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien konnten 12 relevante Studien ausgewählt sowie zur Ergebnisdarstellung herangezogen werden. Die Studienqualität der inkludierten Publikationen wurde anhand der Bewertungskriterien von Brandenburg, Panfil und Mayer (2007) bewertet. Ergebnisse: Unter Einbezug der identifizierten Studien konnte festgestellt werden, dass sich durch den Einsatz der Family Health Nurse nicht nur die Gesundheitsförderung verbesserte, sondern auch die Angehörigen zunehmend Unterstützung erfuhren. Dabei erwies sich die emotionale und informative als auch instrumentelle Hilfe als besonders effektiv. Des Weiteren können durch familienzentrierte Gespräche sowie Familienberatung Krankheiten leichter bewältigt werden. Im Rahmen dieser Maßnahmen kommen Problemlösungs- und Kommunikationsstrategien zur Anwendung, wodurch die Früherkennung von gesundheitlichen Risiken möglich ist. Schlussfolgerung mit Implikation für die Praxis und Forschung: Es werden unterschiedliche Maßnahmen wie familienzentrierte Gespräche sowie Familienberatung vorgestellt, welche in der Praxis Gebrauch finden können. Durch den Einsatz dieser Interventionen können Pflegequalität und Betreuung an die Bedürfnisse der Familien angepasst werden. Introduction: Family health is a complex and dynamic condition. To promote it, the World Health Organization developed the concept of the “Family Health Nurse (FHN)”. The implementation of the FHN represents a strategic solution to support families in the care of relatives who need care. Their competences are to perceive the family as a unit and to consider relationships of the family to the environment. Aim of the work: The focus of this work is on the possible applications of FHN in Europe and their effectiveness. In addition, family-centered measures that lead to the health promotion of individuals and their relatives will be presented. Method: To answer the research questions, a systematic literature search was conducted between December 2020 and February 2021. Electronic databases such as Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EBSCO-Host, as well as the LIVIVO search engine, were used. In addition, an online search was conducted in the library of the University of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna. With the help of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 relevant studies were selected and used to present the results. The study quality of the included publications was evaluated using the evaluation criteria of Brandenburg, Panfil and Mayer (2007). Results: Including the identified studies, it was found that the use of the Family Health Nurse not only improved health promotion, but also increased support for family members. Emotional and informative as well as instrumental help proved to be particularly effective. Furthermore, family-centered conversations as well as family counseling can make it easier to cope with illness. Within the framework of these measures, problem-solving and communication strategies are applied, which enables the early detection of health risks. Conclusion with implications for practice and research: Different measures such as family-centered conversations and family counseling are presented, which can be used in practice. By using these interventions, quality of care and support can be adapted to the needs of families. more...

Persistently low employment of women in some countries can still be ascribed to a traditional perception of women’s role in society. According to observed data and prevailing social and cultural norms, women have been bearing the primary burdens of housework, childcare, and other family responsibilities. The unequal share of care responsibilities between women and men further worsens the disadvantages of women in balancing public and private life, with an impact on their employment and health outcomes. In this paper we investigate the role of family responsibilities in shaping employment and health outcomes by gender, in Italy and France, during and after the economic downturn. We use data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions for the time windows of 2007–2010 and 2011–2014. Our results support that gender differences in the share of responsibilities roles in the public and private sphere influence the employability and health perception of women. more...

Die Wahrscheinlichkeit unbezahlter Sorgetätigkeiten steigt im Verlauf der zweiten Lebenshälfte zunächst an, sinkt danach bis zum 90. Lebensjahr wieder ab: Dabei zeigt sich für die Enkelbetreuung eine Konzentration auf die späte Erwerbsphase sowie auf das gesetzliche Renteneintrittsalter. Pflege- und Unterstützungsleistungen kommen ab dem 50. Lebensjahr bis zum Ende der Erwerbsphase besonders häufig vor, verteilen sich aber insgesamt gleichmäßiger über die zweite Lebenshälfte als die Enkelbetreuung. Frauen übernehmen unbezahlte Sorgetätigkeiten mit höherer Wahrscheinlichkeit als Männer: Im Alter von 60 Jahren ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Enkelbetreuung für Frauen um zehn Prozent höher als für Männer. Bei Pflege- und Unterstützungsleistungen liegt der Unterschied zwischen Frauen und Männern bei sieben Prozent. Frauen übernehmen unbezahlte Sorgetätigkeiten biografisch früher als Männer: Bei Frauen ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit für die Betreuung von Enkelkindern im Alter von 63 Jahren am höchsten, für Männer im Alter von 67 Jahren. Auch Pflege- und Unterstützungsleistungen werden von den Frauen früher erbracht als von den Männern, nämlich verstärkt im Alter von 57 Jahren gegenüber 61 Jahren bei den Männern. Unbezahlte Sorgetätigkeiten von Frauen und Männern entwickeln sich im Kohortenvergleich unterschiedlich: Frauen und Männer späterer Geburtskohorten betreuen Enkelkinder in zunehmend höherem Alter. Pflege- und Unterstützungsleistungen werden bereits eher in der zweiten Lebenshälfte übernommen als bei früher geborenen Kohorten und zudem zunehmend häufiger. Geschlechterunterschiede bei der Enkelbetreuung nehmen über die Geburtskohorten hinweg ab, während Frauen weiterhin mit höherer Wahrscheinlichkeit und biografisch früher Pflege- und Unterstützungsleistungen übernehmen als Männer. more...

Objetivo: descrever através da literatura cientifica o impacto que as crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde causam em suas famílias. Método: revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, BDENF, LILACS e IBECS. Foram selecionados 67 artigos publicados entre 2003 e 2013, que constituíram a amostra do estudo.Resultados: apontaram que esta temática tem sido investigada prioritariamente em estudos internacionais e o impacto ocorre na transmissão do diagnostico e acarreta em repercussões financeiras, sobre a saúde e no cotidiano social dos membros da família. Conclusão: a enfermagem deve ser facilitadora e instrumentalizar a família para o cuidado as crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde. more...

Objetivo: Identificar e analisar os estudos descritos na literatura que avaliaram a sobrecarga dos familiares de pacientes psiquiátricos através da Escala de Avaliação da Sobrecarga Familiar. Métodos: Foi realizada busca nas bases de dados LILACS e PUBMED, obedecendo aos critérios de inclusão: estudos publicados no período de 2002 a 2012, com texto completo, estudos com seres humanos adultos, e nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Foram analisados 10 artigos que apontaram que os familiares com os níveis mais elevados de sobrecarga são aqueles mais próximos dos pacientes e que vivem em condições de vulnerabilidade social. Conclusão: Espera-se que esse estudo contribua para repensar as políticas públicas de saúde mental, auxiliar os gestores e trabalhadores dos serviços substitutivos a lidar com a temática da sobrecarga familiar, refletindo em qualidade de vida para familiares e pacientes. Descritores: Família, Desinstitucionalização, Saúde mental. more...

Objetivo: investigar como o cuidado ao idoso com câncer tem sido vivenciado pela família brasileira. Métodos: optou-se pelo método de revisão da literatura nas bases de dados Lilacs, BDENF, BDTD e MEDLINE – Brasil, utilizando os descritores família, idoso e câncer, no período de 2000 a 2009. Resultados: foram analisados quatro estudos que apontaram ênfase nos aspectos relacionados ao cuidador principal do idoso com câncer e não à família, e a necessidade de parcerias entre profissionais de saúde e familiares. Conclusão: os resultados demonstram que a pesquisa nessa área ainda não está consolidada, entendendo-se ser necessário intensificar esforços para o desenvolvimento de evidências fortes sobre o tema. more...

Objective: To provide undergraduate students with the experience of the expanding of the scope of primary health care in activities of home care, introducing complex care activities of home care, for the understanding of the interfaces of the Health Care System. Methods: A report of experience in nursing education with case study, application of NANDA and Calgary Model. Results: The home care is an important tool of technology for access to families and nursing care system in the context of the public policies of health care to the elderly. Conclusion: The primary home care co-existed with complex nursing care and is imperious the expansion of the Family Health Strategy with the constitution of teams for activities of home care, different from family health teams, but in the context of primary care, according to the social demands emerging. more...

Pflegende Angehörige stellen einen wesentlichen Beitrag in der Pflege und Betreuung von pflegebedürftigen Familienmitgliedern dar. Angehörigenpflege bringt jedoch Belastungen mit sich, die zu physischen und psychischen Einschränkungen führen können. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Aufstellung der aktuell zugänglichen Unterstützungsangebote für pflegende Angehörige in Österreich erzielt und darüber hinaus eine Gliederung in den Bereichen Lebenssituation, Organisation und Finanzierung sowie psychosoziale Unterstützung vorgenommen. Des Weiteren werden mögliche Hürden behandelt, die es bei einer Inanspruchnahme von Hilfsangeboten zu überwinden gilt. Eine starke emotionale Bindung sowie Informationslücken über vorhandene Entlastungsangebote stellen etwa Barrieren in der Nutzung von Angeboten dar. Werden Unterstützungsangebote von pflegenden Angehörigen in Anspruch genommen, können dadurch positive Auswirkungen auf das Wohlbefinden dieser verzeichnet werden. Für eine adäquate Auswahl an Hilfsangeboten für diese Personengruppe empfiehlt sich eine umfangreiche Erhebung von Ressourcen und Bedürfnissen im Rahmen einer Pflegeberatung. Rhetorische und persönliche Kompetenzen der durchführenden Pflegeperson sowie ein prozesshafter Ablauf der Pflegeberatung sind in dieser wichtigen Aufgabe obligat. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht eine systemische Herangehensweise auf die an der häuslichen Pflegesituation beteiligten Personen einzugehen und notwendige Interventionen individuell zu planen und somit den bestmöglichen Output zu erreichen. Family caregivers are very important for the care of elderly adults at home. However informal caregiving can cause severe physical and mental health problems to the respective family members. The paper at hand lists available institutional support for informal caregivers of elderly people at home in Austria on the one hand and on the other hand provides a classification regarding setting, organization, financial framework as well as psychosocial care. In the use of institutional support informal caregivers have to pass different barriers, which have their main root causes in the strong relationship between caregiver and care recipient and in less information about respite services. Referring to the latter, the use of respite services can have a positive impact on the well-being of family caregivers. For an adequate selection of the appropriate respite services, it is essential to survey resources and needs at hand in professional care counseling. For the sake of completeness the paper at hand outlines that the personal and rhetoric skills of the nurse, as well as a systemic approach essentially assist to find correct support interventions and achieve best results in reducing burdens for caregivers. Wien, FH Campus Wien, Masterarb., 2017 more...

Objective: To describe the family's (re)organization strategies while living together with a member that makes peritoneal dialysis at home. Methods: Qualitative study conducted through interviews with seven families that had a member in peritoneal dialysis, linked to a renal clinic in the south of Brazil, from March to May, 2012. The data were submitted to thematic analysis. Results: The strategies adopted by families were: to adapt the treatment schedule with other activities; to acquire knowledge and develop abilities to make peritoneal dialysis; to adequate the physical environment of the residence; and to adapt the family routine to face the sickness and the treatment of familial member. Conclusion: The (re)organization of the family has occurred to make treatment and daily activities possible. Once the nurse acknowledges the individuality of the families, when they ask him/her to help, he/she can help them, and try to attend the expectations of each one with sensibility. more...

Objective: To conduct a search of published scientific works about the importance of exercise in promoting multidimensional care for the paraplegic or quadriplegic individual, as well as to investigate the knowledge of nursing about the benefit of such activities and to clarify the role of the nurse in assisting the person paraplegic or quadriplegic. Methods: This is an integrative review, conducted in the databases LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, BDENF e CAPES portal, corresponding to the years from 2004 to 2014. Results: Patients affected by spinal cord injury have deficits of care and self-care. Thus it was found that exercise offers many benefits including biopsychosocial. Conclusion: It was observed that the practice of physical exercise does not yet have effectiveness, however, it is important that nurses know about these benefits to guide the patients' family members in the provision of quality care. more...

Objective: To analyze the workload of family caregivers members of people with mental disorders assisted by a Psychosocial Care Center in Northern Ceara. Method: The sample consisted of 120 family members, using the Scale for Evaluation of Family Workload for data collection. Results: The majority of caregiver members were female, mother, and married, aged over 40 years, primary education not completed and was unemployed or housewife. The assistance to users in their everyday life was the domain that contributed most to the objective workload of these caregivers, while concerns about the patient, financial expenses and supervision of confusing behavior constituted the most subjective workload. Conclusion: The family became a partner in treatment and it needs special attention from professionals and health management aiming the physical privation and mental illness. more...

CEPS Journal 6 (2016) 4, S. 115-139, Since the spring of 2014, the authors of this article, joined by a wider group of students, have been dedicated to researching vulnerable families and their involvement with education systems. In the initial phase, we explored the experiences and challenges that these families face and how they understand and address these challenges. Next, we were interested in the forms of support that these families receive, how the network of educational and social welfare services responds to their needs, and the quality of their cooperation. We found that both the families and the expert services experience dissatisfaction when it comes to their cooperation: families often feel that they are being sent from one door to another with their problems, which remain unaddressed, while expert services feel that they cannot cope with the problems of vulnerable families, problems that they view as insoluble. Our pivotal finding is therefore that it is vital to develop more flexible and consistent forms of support that respond to the concerns and challenges of the daily lives of vulnerable families (Razpotnik et al. 2015). In the action research reported on in the present article, we have focused on investigating the development of a newly emerging flexible and comprehensive form of family support that was co-initiated by ourselves (the researchers) and primarily implemented by volunteers and NGO workers. The main characteristics of this support are flexibility, presence in the daily lives of the family, building a cooperative relationship, and prioritising the dynamics and needs of the family rather than the formal demands of organisations and institutions. The article delineates the emerging approach of lifeworld-oriented support, which is implemented and reported on first and foremost by the volunteers involved. Lifeworld-oriented support is a supplementary addition to conventional forms of family support, represented and reported on predominantly by representatives of educational and social welfare organisations. (DIPF/Orig.) more...

In his influential 1998 study, David S. Reher discusses historical differences between countries with strong and weak family ties. He focuses on the “Western World”, comparing Italy and the Iberian Peninsula with Scandinavia, the British Isles, the Low Countries, Germany and Austria, together with North America. In this paper, we explore whether Romania, in Eastern Europe, can be characterised as having a strong family system, given the increasingly important role family has played for individual well-being following the end of the socialist regime. We observe a number of similarities between Romania and Southern European countries in terms of behaviours associated with “strong family ties”, opinions on family care and mutual intergenerational support. Differences can be explained in light of Romania’s economic and housing crisis. Overall, it is likely that the importance of family ties in Romania increased after the end of the socialist regime., Comparative Population Studies, Vol 41, No 1 (2016) more...

Objective: it aims at knowing elderly family care after fall accidents. Method: qualitative approach and ecologic insertion method, based on Ecologic Theory of Systems. Results: it has been identified that the family plays an important role in the recovery of impaired elderly, once it offers affective support, necessary for the development of this group. The vicissitudes suffered by the elderly -in this case fall accidents- bring the families together, promoting a restructuration of family bounds and of the activities developed by each member of this core. Conclusion: getting to know family care devoted to elderly after fall accidents elucidates tools helping health professionals to orientate their attention beyond these individuals, trying to understand family functioning as an essential component for service planning towards therapeutic success. more...

Objective: To analyze the scientific production about nursing care at home for patients with heart failure. Methods: The survey of articles occurred by consulting the nursing journals, with publications available online and in full, indexed in LILACS and MEDLINE. We identified 599 articles, of which 17 comprised the study sample. Results: The texts originated the following categories: home care, health team in home care and proposals for better quality of care. Conclusion: It is important to awaken to the need for further investment and research in this area, which proved to be a very positive proposal of humanized care, since it allows the patient to be in the comfort of your home, with the support of his family, and encourage self-care and enable greater autonomy. more...

Objective: to understand the space-time dimension and acts, attitudes of care in family experience of chronic illness situation. Method: comprehensive Approach, conducted as "the study of the situation", with the empirical material of three family experiences of care and illness. The analysis allowed us to intuit some "notions about the care" of them and extract the space-time dimension and acts-attitudes of care as their substance. Results: we demonstrated different ways of caring and being/living with others in care, such as the modeling produced by the family in their daily lives, taking this as a privileged space-time provision of care and virtuous acts-care attitudes of family members and of health professionals throughout the experience of illness, that provided that care happen. Conclusion: health professionals need to want to shape the care provided for people aiming to become support and referral care for families, adding to its potential care in building a "careful with". more...

Objective: to analyze the risk score of Pressure ulcer for bedridden patients at home and the preventive measures undertaken by nurses from Family Health Strategy in the city of Teresina, PI. Method: descriptive cross-sectional research. Data were collected in November and December 2014 through interviews with 6 nurses and 32 bedridden at home of the six surveyed teams. Results: most patients were elderly female and had one or more risk factors. The moderate risk of developing this disease had the greatest frequency (50%). The nurses knew the main measures to avoid them, however, they used only and / or mainly the low-risk ones. Conclusion: the measures carried out or taught were insufficient to meet the needs of these patients because most were classified as moderate and high risk on the Braden scale, and the Ministry of Health recommends the combination of other measures. more...

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz (2016) 10, 9 S., Der Einsatz von Gesundheitsfachkräften in den Frühen Hilfen ist Förderschwerpunkt der „Bundesinitiative Frühe Hilfen“. Die Bundesinitiative hat dazu beigetragen, dass dieses Unterstützungsangebot für Familien mit jungen Kindern bundesweit auf- und ausgebaut wurde. Im Folgenden wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit Familien, insbesondere Familien in belastenden Lebenslagen, von diesem Angebot profitieren. … Um diese Frage zu beantworten, wurde eine Onlineerhebung bei Gesundheitsfachkräften auf Grundlage der Dokumentationsvorlage des Nationalen Zentrums Frühe Hilfen (NZFH) durchgeführt und elterliche Lebens- und Erziehungskompetenzen wurden standardisiert erhoben. … Ergebnisse: Nach der Betreuung kann eine signifikante Zunahme der Kompetenzen festgestellt werden. Vor allem Familien mit weniger stark ausgeprägten Belastungen scheinen von der direkten Hilfeleistung der Gesundheitsfachkräfte zu profitieren. Familien mit Belastungen, die so stark ausgeprägt sind, dass die Gesundheitsfachkraft die Vermittlung zusätzlicher Hilfeangebote in Erwägung zieht, profitieren deutlich weniger von den direkten Hilfeleistungen. Jedoch können diese Familien zu einem sehr hohen Anteil in zusätzliche, intensive Maßnahmen der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe vermittelt werden. (DIPF/Orig.), The federal initiative promotes support offered by family midwives and nurses in early childhood intervention. So far, the initiative has contributed to the fact that many municipalities in Germany provide support to burdened families with young children in order to help them cope with everyday life and child-raising issues. This investigation aims to provide scientific insight into the question of if (and how) families benefit from the support of family midwives and nurses. … To answer this question, the National Centre on Early Prevention conducted an online survey. … Results: Families with relatively higher resources and lower stresses benefit from the support of family midwives and nurses, whereas families under more extreme stresses and strains do not seem to benefit to the same extent. Nevertheless, for a majority of the latter families, midwife and nurse services were still beneficial, as the professionals were able to arrange more adequate, i. e. more intense, support offered by the child and youth welfare system in Germany. (DIPF/Orig.) more...

Objective: To understand the significance of maternal involvement in the care of hospitalized children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Method: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data were collected in October 2013, through semi-structured interviews with eight mothers. The reports were submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: Presented in four categories: "Recognition of maternal function"; "Care as a resource for coping"; "Learning to take care occurs observing and caring" and "Role of nursing staff". Conclusion: It is essential practitioners to be sensitive before the needs of mothers, resulting in hospitalization of children process, reinforce the positive aspects of their stay in healthcare settings, and at the same time, intervene on the negatives, thus providing a comprehensive, humane and qualified care to the binomial in the hospital environment. more...

Objetivo: Apreender como o doente crônico sente o fato de ser dependente de cuidados cotidianos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, de natureza qualitativa, realizado junto a 12 doentes crônicos assistidos por um projeto de extensão. Os dados foram coletados no período de abril a novembro de 2011 por meio de entrevista guiada pela questão norteadora: “Como você se sente por precisar de cuidados de seus familiares?” e submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: Emergiram as categorias: “Participação da pessoa em condição crônica na família”; “Dependência de cuidado familiar: autonomia ameaçada”; “Distanciamento familiar: não basta conviver no mesmo ambiente”. Os participantes revelaram sentir-se excluídos das decisões familiares, incomodados por depender de cuidados e muitas vezes referem solidão. Conclusão: A progressão das doenças crônicas, que geralmente está associada à dependência de cuidado, exige, muitas vezes, uma reestruturação familiar e uma redefinição de papéis, alterando a rotina e a dinâmica familiar. more...

Nach den Ergebnissen des vom DIW Berlin in Zusammenarbeit mit Infratest Sozialforschung erhobenen Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) beteiligten sich im Jahre 2003 rund 5 % aller erwachsenen Männer und knapp 8 % aller Frauen an der Versorgung Pflegebedürftiger. Der zeitliche Umfang an einem durchschnittlichen Wochentag betrug bei pflegenden Männern 2,5 Stunden und bei Frauen rund 3 Stunden. Männer pflegen damit zwar weniger häufig und in geringerem Umfang, beteiligen sich aber zu einem nicht unerheblichen Anteil ebenfalls aktiv an der Betreuung Hilfs- und Pflegebedürftiger. more...

Als "Young Carers" werden Kinder und Jugendliche unter 18 Jahren bezeichnet, die regelmäßig Pflegetätigkeiten für ein chronisch krankes Familienmitglied übernehmen. Neben Haushaltstätigkeiten und der Obsorge für gesunde Geschwister sind sie in "klassische" Pflegetätigkeiten involviert, die normalerweise von Erwachsenen übernommen werden. In Österreich ist dieser Gruppe der pflegenden Angehörigen bisher nur wenig Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt geworden. Das Institut für Pflegewissenschaft der Universität Wien führte daher im Auftrag des Sozialministeriums zwei Studien zu dieser Thematik durch. In der ersten Studie werden zunächst Anzahl und soziodemografische Merkmale der Young Carers erhoben, und es wird beschrieben, was diese tun und was sie belastet. Im folgenden qualitativen Studienteil werden negative (und auch positive) Auswirkung früher Pflegeerfahrungen aus der Sicht ehemaliger, nunmehr erwachsener Young Carers beleuchtet. Die zweite Studie legt ein Rahmenkonzept für Projekte zur Unterstützung von pflegenden Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie deren Familien vor. Damit soll aufgezeigt werden, durch welche konkreten Maßnahmen Betroffene unterstützt werden können und welche Voraussetzungen für ein wirksames Young-Carers-Projekt gegeben sein sollten. Zwei Studien des Instituts für Pflegewissenschaft der Universität Wien im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Arbeit, Soziales und Konsumentenschutz. more...