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The study sought to examine the relationship of birth order (first born and last born) with the Personality of undergraduate students in Peshawar. In this quantitative study, a total of N=100 (50 first-born and 50 last-borns) participants were selected, and the sample universities were Iqra University, Hayatabad, Cecos University Peshawar, Imsciences Peshawar, and QurtubaUniversity. A purposive sampling technique was used for data collection from the students with an age limit of 18-28 years at the above-mentioned educational institutes. The database allowed us to identify a significant relationship between them as data revealed p value=0.003 further rho= .293, which clearly states that birth order is related to Personality. Most importantly, it was consistently found that birth orderwas influenced by many personality factors, such as the firstborn being creative and motivated but also neurotic and introverted. In contrast, the last born were more open, adventurous, and extroverted but irresponsible and careless. Based on the statistical techniques and the consistent results across samples and analytical designs, it was concluded that birth order does have an enduring effect on Personality. Moreover, the result of the study also supported the hypotheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the current study was to find the impact of seasonal changes on undergraduate students and make a comparison between undergraduate students on the basis of prevalence of Seasonal affective disorder. STUDY DESIGN Cross sectional study design PLACE & DURATION OF STUDY Data was collected from different universities of Peshawar city including Khyber medical university, Abasyn University, Peshawar University, Cecos university, and Rehman Medical Institute from 07- January 2022 to 17-November, 2022. METHODS The sample size consisted of 100 undergraduate students from different universities in Peshawar (N = 100). Their ages ranged from 18 to 26 years old. The Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) along with a demographic information sheet and informed consent sheet was administered. RESULT Statistical analysis revealed that among 100 participants, 71 were affected by SAD. Further on, it was elaborated that female students have high rates of SAD as compared to male students. The present study has a high value of significance (10.928). CONCLUSION The results of the study supported the proposed hypotheses and confirmed the impact of seasonal affective disorder on the academic performance of undergraduate students while having a large female population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]