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Objective: To examine prescription stimulant use among college students, particularly use with versus without prescriptions or attention deficit hyperactive disorder (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) diagnoses. Participants: Data were drawn from a diverse sample of college students from seven colleges/universities in Georgia participating. Methods: Measures assessed ADHD-specific factors, prescription stimulant use, access, motives, side effects, and covariates. Results: Of the 219 students reporting prescription stimulant use (average age 20.72 years, 54.8% female, 82.1% White), 45.7% did not have prescriptions or ADHD diagnoses. Correlates of use without prescriptions/diagnoses included lower parental education, attending private school, not having depression- or anxiety-related diagnoses, and past 30-day marijuana and tobacco use. Those without prescriptions/diagnoses were more likely to use to stay awake longer, to have more enjoyable time, and to party longer; they also reported fewer adverse side effects. Conclusions: Campuses should educate students about ADHD, facilitate screening and treatment, and emphasize adverse consequences of recreational use.

Introduction: Vape shops represent prominent, unique retailers, subject to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation in the United States.Aims and Methods: This study assessed compliance of US vape shop retail marketing strategies with new regulations (eg, required age verification, prohibited free samples) and pre-implementation conditions for other regulations (eg, health warning labels on all nicotine products, required disclosures of e-liquid contents).Results: 95.0% of shops displayed minimum-age signage; however, mystery shoppers were asked for age verification at 35.6% upon entry and at 23.4% upon purchase. Although 85.5% of shops had some evidence of implementing FDA health warnings, 29.1% had signage indicating prohibited health claims, 16.3% offered free e-liquid samples, 27.4% had signage with cartoon imagery, and 33.3% were within two blocks of schools. All shops sold open-system devices, 64.8% sold closed-system devices, 68.2% sold their own brand of e-liquids, 42.5% sold e-liquids containing cannabidiol, 83.2% offered price promotions of some kind, and 89.9% had signage for product and price promotions.Conclusions: Results indicated that most shops complied with some implementation of FDA health warnings and with free sampling bans and minimum-age signage. Other findings indicated concerns related to underage access, health claims, promotional strategies, and cannabidiol product offerings, which call for further FDA and state regulatory/enforcement efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSIs) and catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are conditions acquired in the acute care facility that are preventable. Invasive devices are frequently left in place without a clear clinical indication, increasing the risk for infection. A line stewardship program was developed to decrease the number of unnecessary central venous catheters (CVCs), decrease the number of unnecessary urinary catheters (UCs), and increase provider acceptance rates of removal recommendations. The program was implemented from March to November 2022 in seven facilities within a large hospital system. An interdisciplinary team consisting of infection preventionists, and nurse leaders performed chart reviews of patients with CVCs and UCs to determine device necessity. If no clear clinical indications were identified, the primary nurse and physician were contacted, and removal was recommended. Run charts were used to identify trends throughout the implementation period. 3,492 patients were reviewed including 1,867 patients with CVCs and 1,625 with UCs. During this time, 370 UCs and 252 CVCs were removed per the team's recommendation. The median removal rate after the intervention was accepted was 85%. Initially we saw a decrease in provider acceptance rate of device removal as the program expanded and new facilities were added to the pilot; as the program became more established, we saw a rise in the provider acceptance rate. We also saw a decline in the percentage of devices recommended for removal from our baseline. This was anticipated as we hoped our program would have a larger impact on staff's attentiveness to line necessity prior to our team's intervention. The implementation of a line stewardship program helped to reduce the number of unnecessary CVCs and UCs despite variable provider acceptance of removal recommendations. It increased awareness of device duration and encouraged interdisciplinary communication regarding the plan of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]