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The new solid solution phases crystallized in the hexagonal and tetragonal system were revealed in the GaSe-InSe system, and a new orthorhombic phase with a new type of structural blocks has been proposed. The structural features of the In1-xGaxSe solid solutions (where 0 ​≤ ​x ​≤ ​1) were studied using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and Raman spectroscopy. The chemical interaction between Ga and In atoms in the hexagonal In1-xGaxSe phases was identified. The reversible phase transition from hexagonal to the tetragonal structure was found to occur in the In0.7Ga0.3Te phase. Using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method, the electronic, optical, and vibrational properties for the Pnnm orthorhombic InGaSe2 phase were studied. Modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential and generalized gradient approximations (mBJ-GGA) were used to calculate the electronic band structure, dielectric function, and density of states (DOS) of InGaSe2, which solve the band-gap problem found within GGA approach. The InGaSe2 stoichiometric phase was found to be a direct band-gap semiconductor and the band gap of this compound can be tuned via the different stacking sequences of InSe/GaSe layers. The optical absorption edges which are observed in the visible light region make this compound promising material for photovoltaic applications. The calculated phonon spectra of the InGaSe2 revealed that the frequencies of the optic modes are close to frequencies of acoustic modes, which carry the heat flow, and in this case, the acoustic modes will be strongly scattered by low-frequency optic modes. The latter event may lead to a low lattice thermal conductivity that is important for thermoelectric applications. The phonon dispersion of this compound shows no imaginary modes, suggesting that it is dynamically stable.

The purpose of the study was evaluation of nerve recovery following epineural sleeve technique for graft reconstruction in rat sciatic nerve. This technique provides the epineural sleeve to cover and separate the site of coaptation. Animals were divided into three groups: CNG-conventional nerve grafting, ESN-epineural sleeve from recipient nerve stumps, ESG-epineural sleeve from graft. Nerve regeneration was evaluated by pin-prick, toe-spread test, walking track analysis and somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP), gastrocnemius index (GI), and histomorphometric evaluation. Most parameters (SFI, SEPs, and GI) showed significantly better nerve recovery for ESN group when compared to conventional CNG group. Also ESG group revealed better result for SFI. Better functional results for ESN and ESG groups were further confirmed by histomorphometric analysis: higher axon density and diameters as well as thicker myelin sheath. Epineural sleeve graft technique may be promising method with potential application for nerve reconstructive procedures. Better functional nerve recovery can be anticipated.

To analyze fetal abdominal defects diagnosed during the prenatal period in the perinatology department in a tertiary center in Turkey.This retrospective study consisted of 27 cases diagnosed with fetal abdominal wall defects between January 2011 and February 2014 in the perinatology outpatient clinic of Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.Eighteen (66.7%) cases were diagnosed with omphalocele, 6 (22.2%) had gastroschisis, and 3 (11.1%) had limb body wall defects. Twenty-one (77.7%) patients diagnosed either as omphalocele or limb body wall defect were offered karyotype analysis; 11 (52.4%) of them accepted the intervention, and 2 of the 11 patients (18.2%) had abnormal karyotype. Regarding the omphalocele cases; 12 (66.6%) cases had isolated omphalocele, whereas 6 of the 18 cases (33.3%) had associated anomalies. Expectant management was performed in 8 (66.7%) of 12 isolated omphalocele cases. Two of the isolated omphalocele group (16.7%) had missed abortion, the other 2 (16.7%) had termination of the pregnancy because of the associated chromosomal anomaly (47,XXY and 45,X0). Three of the gastroschisis group (50%) had missed abortion, and the other 3 (50%) had expectant management with cesarean delivery between 38-39 gestational weeks. Cases with limb body wall defect were terminated due to the lethal condition.The prenatal diagnosis of fetal abdominal wall defects is important, because they differ greatly in terms of perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality due to underlying chromosomal abnormalities and associated structural anomalies.

The objective of this study is to describe the experiences and needs of women with Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG), to explore severity of symptoms of the condition, to determine the psychological and social dimensions of the condition and to understand how Turkish women deal with nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. This descriptive study was carried out at Merkez Efendi Hospital and Celal Bayar University Faculty of medicine between the dates of January and December 2011 in women who were hospitalized for HG and agreed to participate in the study. The sample of the research is composed of 215 pregnant women. The data was collected by using a questionnaire which was prepared by the researchers. Data was gathered through a face to face interview with the women in their room. Statistical analyses were undertaken using SPSS version 17.0 and descriptive analysis was used for statistical evaluation. Nearly half of the women believed that nausea and vomiting was dangerous for themselves and their baby, respectively (52.6%, 47.4%) and 66.5% believed that they should be hospitalised. Pregnants who had nausea and vomitting symptoms preferred resting and eating something salty to reduce the symptoms. The majority (87.4%) stated that HG affected their daily activities, 55.3% the relations with their spouses and 67.9% were psychologically affected. When the problems during hospital stay were questioned 83.7% were tired, 82.8% had loss of appetite, 78.1% was bored and 59.1% had weight loss. HG is an important health problem that adversely affects the social and family life of women. Health care providers should recognize and validate the need for pregnant women to make changes in lifestyle that will enable them to achieve comfort., Bu çalışmanın amacı Hiperemezis gravidarum (HG) tanısı alan gebelerin yaşadıkları deneyimler ve gereksinimleri, yaşanan semptomların şiddeti, bu hastalığın fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal açıdan etkileri ve gebelerin bulantı ve kusma ile baş etme yöntemlerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu tanımlayıcı çalışma Merkez Efendi Hastanesi ve Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde Ocak ve Aralık 2011 tarihleri arasında HG tanısı ile hospitalize edilen ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden gebelerde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma örneklemi 215 gebe kadından oluşmaktadır. Bu araştırmada literatür doğrultusunda araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile kadınların odalarında toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde SPSS 17.0 versiyonu kullanılarak ve tanımlayıcı analizler ile veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Gebelerin yaklaşık yarısı (%52.6) bulantı ve kusmanın sağlığı için, %47.4'ü bebek için tehlikeli olduğuna, gebelerin %66.5'i bulantı ve kusma yaşayan gebelerin hastaneye yatması gerektiğine inanmaktadır. HG olan gebelerin bulantı ve kusmayı azaltmak için istirahat etmeyi ve tuzlu bir şeyler yemeyi daha fazla tercih ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Gebelerin %87.4'ü kusma bulantının günlük yaşam aktivitelerini, %55.3'ü eşi ile olan ilişkilerini, %67.9'u psikolojik durumunu etkilediğini belirtmiştir. Gebelere hastanede yattığı süre boyunca yaşadıkları sorunlar sorulduğunda, %83.7'si yorgunluk, %82.8'i iştahta azalma, %78.1'i can sıkıntısı, %59.1'i kilo kaybı yaşadığını belirtmiştir. HG kadınların sosyal ve ailevi yaşantılarında olumsuz etkilere yol açan önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Bu hastalara bakım verenlerin hastanın gereksinimlerinin farkında olmaları ve hastanın konforunu sağlayacak yaşam tarzı değişikliklerini sağlamaları son derece önemlidir.

Maroc Médical, Vol. 29, No 4 (2007)

Les auteurs rapportent leur expérience dans le traitement des ruptures traumatiques de l’urètre postérieur. Entre janvier 1986 et décembre 1998, 62 patients étaient traités pour un traumatisme de l’urètre postérieur. L’âge moyen est de 34 ans (extrêmes 16 et 70 ans). Dans tous les cas une fracture du bassin était associée secondaire à un accident de la voie publique (47 cas), à un accident de travail (7 cas) et à une chute d’une hauteur (8 cas). La symptomatologie clinique était dominée par une rétention aigue d’urine (52 cas), urétrorragie (46 cas) et l’hématome périnéal (34 cas). L’urétrocystographie rétrograde a montré une rupture de l’urètre membraneux chez 58 patients et de l’urètre prostatique chez 4 autres. La cystostomie était réalisée en urgence chez tous les patients. Le traitement de la rupture était réalisé en différé chez 21 patients : 4 ruptures de l’urètre prostatique (réalignement chirurgical) et 17 ruptures de l’urètre membraneux (réalignement endoscopique dans 1 cas, sonde urétrale tutrice dans 6 cas et urétrorraphie termino-terminale dans 10 cas). Le traitement était réalisé tardivement à la phase de sténose chez 41 patients : urétrotomie endoscopique (22cas), urétroplastie en deux temps (2 cas) et urétrorraphie termino-terminale (17 cas). Le taux de récidive sténotique lors du traitement en différé de la rupture totale de l’urètre était de 70% avec 20% d’incontinence urinaire et 52,4 % d’impuissance sexuelle contre 41% de sténose, 2,43 % d’incontinence et 14,6% d’impuissance à la phase tardive. Les meilleurs résultats dans le traitement des ruptures traumatiques de l’urètre postérieur sont obtenus avec la cystostomie en urgence et une réparation tardive de la sténose (après 3 à 6 mois)., Maroc Médical, Vol. 23, No 4 (2001)

Les gros adénomes de la prostate sont une entité anatomo-clinique rare. Leur fréquence diminue au fur et à mesure que le poids de l’adénome augmente et devient exceptionnelle à partir d’un poids excédant 500g. Les cas d’adénome géant ont été rapportés 12 fois dans la littérature. Deux facteurs paraissent être en rapport avec cette augmentation, notamment l’âge avancé et les troubles endocriniens. Les auteurs présentent 5 cas de gros adénome de la prostate avec revue de la littérature en ce qui concerne la physiopathologie et la relation entre les symptômes urinaires et le volume de la prostate., Maroc Médical, Vol. 22, No 3 (2000)

Insulin plays a major role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Insulin resistance and resultant hyperinsulinemia stimulate both the ovary and adrenal to produce androgens. Oral antidiabetic agents have been used to alleviate the symptoms and to induce ovulation in women with PCOS. This review focuses on the relation between insulin and PCOS and discusses the use of oral antidiabetic agents.