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Background: Athletes have general complaints about sleep disturbance which is important for body recovery, healthy brain and body functions, tissue wear and tear, and the body's immune system. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) on sleep disturbance in athletes. Methodology: N=24 athletes aged 18 to 36 years participating in a competition were included in a randomized controlled trial. Athletes who were training for a competition, aged between 18 -and 36 years, and athletes with sleep disturbance score (SDS) falling above 4 on the Athletic Sleep Screening Questionnaire were included. Athlete sleep screening questionnaire (ASSQ) was used to assess sleep disturbance score (SDS). Athletes were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. The experimental group was given progressive muscle relaxation and re-assessed the next day for SDS. Results: The pre-post analysis showed that progressive muscle relaxation reduced the athletes' sleep disturbance score significantly one day after the intervention with a large effect size (p=0.006 Cohen's d= 1.44) in the experimental group. The mean of the mean differences of SDS of both groups were compared which showed a group had a significantly improved sleep disturbance score compared to a control group with a large effect size. (Mean= 1.41 ±1.44 v/s 0.00±1.85, p≤ 0.01, Cohen's d= 1.66). Conclusion: Progressive Muscle Relaxation exercises can be a non-pharmacological method to help athletes sleep by simple head-to-toe muscles contract and relax technique. Clinical Trail No: NCT05695092

OBJECTIVES: 1. To determine the frequency of sociodemographic factors (birth order) among subjects attending a psychiatric clinic. 2. To establish psychiatric diagnosis of subjects. 3. To bring out dominating frequencies of birth orders of the patient in relation with related diagnosis. METHODOLOGY: This cross sectional study was conducted at outpatient clinic of Liquate University Hospital Hyderabad during 1st January 2012 to 31st January 2012. One hundred consecutive subjects attending a psychiatric OPD with psychiatric symptoms, were assessed for the total siblings, birth order among siblings and their psychiatric diagnosis. The socio-demographic data was recorded through a designed semi-structured proforma, and diagnosis was established by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV Text Revised Criteria (DSM-IV TR). RESULTS: The age range remained 9-60 years and numbers of siblings were in the range of 1-12 siblings and fourth birth order was found to be dominant in this study to have psychiatric morbidity (38%). While, frequency of first order birth was 18%. Generalized anxiety disorder and depressive (GAD) disorders were dominant diagnosis (55%), while GAD was more in the male gender. CONCLUSION: This study shows that psychiatric morbidity was more common in the lower birth order. This study may be carried out at different centers of psychiatry for the better assessment of psychiatric morbidity. Keywords: Gender, Birth order, Diagnostic, Psychiatry & Hyderabad.

Objective: Pakistan is a male dominant society where male enjoys his status and is responsible for economic supports and completion of the family. This study describes the males reporting at Psychiatric out Patient Clinic with history of issuelessness (Infertility). This piece of research focuses the issueless males to assess the biological (Semen analysis) and social areas (Marital difficulties) in a group of hospital attending males. Design: Cross-sectional study. Place & duration of study: The study was carried out in Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad, from August 2007 to July 2008. Subjects & Method: All 46 male patients that were attended psychiatric out patient (OPD) for psychiatric morbidity and detected issueless (childless) screened for psychiatric disorder by administering General Health Questionnaire. Required psycho-social variables and diagnoses were recorded on a semi-structured proforma. Result: 22 cases (47.82%) showed gross biological defect in semen analysis while 52.17% patients showed the normal limits. 11 cases (23.91%) were polygamous for the reproduction purposes, 10.86% case met with divorce but soon remarried, while 24 cases had no socio-medical problems. Conclusion: Issueless ness (infertility) damages the social life of the male. Failure of reproduction, may lead to develop marital difficulties as in this study 19.56% cases went for second marriage, 10.86% cases divorced without knowing cause of infertility while 52.17% showed normal limits of their semen analysis but did not reproduce. While 22 cases showed gross biological defect, Oligospermia 32.60% and Azospermia 15.21%. Therefore this alarming situation is looking for the mental health professional for their attention and concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the association of psychiatric morbidity of premature ejaculation in a given sample of males visiting a tertiary care hospital. Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Place and Duration of study: The study was conducted in the out-patient clinics of Faculty of Psychiatry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences & Sir Cowasji Jehangir Institute of Psychiatry, Hyderabad during the period from 1st January 2009 to 31st August, 2009. Subjects and Methods: 64 male patients with leading symptom of Premature Ejaculation were separated from rest of the patients having other sexual difficulties and interviewed by mental health professionals. Socio-demographic data was collected on semi-structured proforma designed for the study. ICD-10 Criterion was applied to establish psychiatric diagnosis. Results: 36 patients were found to have the diagnosis of anxiety disorders 56.25% and 14.06% cases of depressive disorder. The mean age of the sample was 35.17 years and there were 65.62% married. Also, there were 15.62% cases of personality disorders. Conclusion: Anxiety disorder was found to be the most dominant diagnosis and therefore needs a larger scale research on its etiological, epidemiological and psychopathological attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]