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This is a descriptive cross sectional study aimed at studying the knowledge of occupational hazards, attitude to and practice of occupational safety measures and prevalence of occupational injuries among construction workers in different building sites located at Ibeju-Lekki Local Government in Lagos State. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for construction workers present at the sampled building sites with active ongoing construction activities for six weeks duration. Multistage Clustering sampling was used and a total of 420 respondents participated in the study. Most of the respondents were between 25 to 34 years of age with a mean value of 29.46 ± 7.08 years. The mean knowledge of occupation hazards of respondents was 51.9 ± 17.3 with the majority of respondent (61.9%) having good knowledge of construction occupational hazards. Poor attitude to occupational safety measures with mean value of 45.4 ± 12.8 and poor practice of occupational safety measures with mean value of 31.9 ± 10.4 was observed. A higher proportion of respondents reported cases of injuries ranging from puncturing of feet by sharp objects (95.2%), falling on ground level (89.5%) and injury while handling, lifting or carrying loads (87.4%). Respondents’ knowledge of occupational hazards was found to be statistically associated with their attitude to and practice of occupational measures while their attitude to safety measure is statistically associated with their practice. Hence, the need to provide adequate information on construction hazards and improve the attitude to occupational safety measures for high practice of safety measures especially the utilization of personal protective equipment.

Background: Self-medication is the use of drugs to treat self-diagnosed disorders or symptoms or the intermittent or continued use of prescribed drug for chronic or recurrent disease or symptoms, and it is mostly common in developing countries. This study therefore assessed the practice of self-medication among undergraduate students of a private university in Nigeria., Methods: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. A pretested questionnaire was self-administered to 384 undergraduate students of the university. Data were analysed and summarised using descriptive and inferential statistics such as chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests., Results: Overall, 297 (81.8%) undergraduate students practiced self-medication. About 71% of the students had used analgesic, antibiotics (10.5%), and antimalarial drugs (33%) without prescription within one month prior to the survey. The most commonly used drug for self-medication was paracetamol (75.1%). Furthermore, self-medication was found to be significantly associated with age ( p =0.021), gender ( p < 0.001), college ( p =0.025), and year of study ( p =0.004). Some of the reasons why undergraduate students practiced self-medication were because of the unfriendly attitude of health care workers (27.7%), lack of time to go to school clinic (26.7%), school clinic is too far from hostel (15.3%), and drugs prescribed in the school clinic do not improve health condition (15.3%)., Conclusion: Majority of the students attributed the practice of self-medication to unfriendly attitude of health care workers in the university clinic.